gazeTi Seicavs Toris wminda sityvebs. gTxovT gaufrTxildeT!

moambe

12

oTar sefiaSvili

mxat

vari cisana janaSvili

axalcixis bazari. mxatvari Salom koboSvili

"Tu ikargeba xsovna, ikargeba warsuli, ikargeba identuroba, ikargeba kultura, vikargebiT Cven!"

kamara meTerTmete

maxsendeba: 60-iani wlebis Suaxans, roca araCveulebrivad amaRlda firo-smanis Semoqmedebisadmi interesi, ilia papisimedovi CemTan saubarSi igonebda Salom koboSvilis naTqvams: firosmanis naxatebisaTvis yvelaze bunebrivi iyo is adgili da garemo, sadac isini ibadebod-nen, _ ambobda Turme berikaci, _ nikala xom metwilad Rvinis sardafebSi da duqnebSi xatavda. amitom TiTqos gaucx-oebulad da rogorRac daRvremilad gamoiyurebiano misi suraTebi muzeumis kedlebze. zooparkSi damwyvdeul laRi bunebis Svilebs gvanan _ mSobliur stiqias mowyvetilnio. namdvili firo-smani ki Rvinis sardafebis bindbundSi CaZiruli kedlebidan iyureboda, iq sul sxva iyoo igi _ naRdi, idumali, yvelasT-vis axlobeli, gasagebi da Tan Cauwv-domeli. im kedlebTan erTad STainTqnen isini aryofnaSi da aRar gameordebian. me ki isev iseTni melandebian da mena-trebian isini, daveZeb kidec. davdivar xolme rkinigzis vagzlis axlo-maxlo, Cerqezovsa da malaknebTan erTmaneTSi gamaval viwro quCebSi, gulisfancqaliT vixedebi Zvel, kuTxeCamoWril Tbili-suri saxlebis sardafebSi da duqnebSi. es xom nikalas moxatuli sardafebi da duqnebia, iqneb SemorCa-meTqi rame. erTi sardafis kedelze, _ malaknis rva nomer saxlSi, _ jer isev aCniao firosmanis daxatuli ̀ farSavangi~, _ meubneboda Sa-lomi, _ midi aucileblad, naxe, Tu ginda igrZno, ras niSnavs firosmani Tavis ga-remoSi; iCqare, Torem male, albaT, aRarc is saxli iqneba da aRarc es naxatio...

Salom koboSvilis suraTebi ki, _ ambobda b-ni ilia, _ Cveni muzeumis kedlebSi iSva. maTi mSobliuri garemo imTaviTve saqarTvelos ebraelTa isto-riul-eTnografiuli muzeumi iyo da yvelaze bunebrivad swored am keraSi Tavmoyril eqponatebTan erTad gamoi-yurebodnen. yvelaze marTladac maTTan konteqstSi ikiTxebodneno.

da ar vici axla, ra vuwodo amas _ iRbali Tu uiRbloba? arada, TiTqos swored es garemoeba iqca Salom ko-boSvilis mxatvruli memkvidreobis bediswerad, aman gansazRvra imTaviTve misadmi damokidebuleba. moxda ki is, rom Tavidan, roca koboSvilis suraTe-bi iwereboda, TiTqmis aravis mosvlia azrad da arc moundomebia maTi mxat-vruli Rirebulebis gaazreba, esTeti-kuri TvalsazrisiT aRqma da dafaseba. ebraelTa muzeumic xom paralelurad iqmneboda. yoveli siaxlis dabadebas ki mudam axlavs tkivili. maxsendeba am keris daarsebis moTaveni rom igonebd-nen: saqarTveloSi ebraelTa mWidrod dasaxlebis regionebSi eqspediciebis dros bevr siZneles vawydebodiT. gan-sakuTrebiT Wirda undoblobis daZl-eva, adamianebi ver eleodnen mamapapeul relikviebs, SemorCenil xnovan saojaxo nivTebs, metadre _ religiur wignebs, xelnawerebs, dokumentebs. TumcaRa, iyvnen Cveni wamowyebisadmi keTilad gan-

wyobilnic, romlebic uSurvelad gvi-marTavdnen xels. iseT mxare-kuTxeebSi ki, sadac huriaTa qarTvelTa Sesaxeb, rogorc JamTa siavis Sedegad, ise Tavad maT winaparTa auxsneli daudevrobis gamo, TiTqmis araviTari istoriuli mow-moba ar Semonaxula, risi mignebis imedi unda gvqonoda. samwuxarod, swored ase-Ti upovari da uarafro gamodgao axal-cixis Temi, _ ambobdnen isini.

mogvianebiT ki, 1945-Si, muzeumis `Sromebis~ mesame tomSi daibeWda mog-zaur Cornis Canawerebi, romelic cxads xdida muzeumis TanamSromelTa uimedo-bis mizezs. `TavianTi winaprebis Sesaxeb axalcixel ebraelebs araferi axsovT, _ werda Corni 1869 wels, _ garda imisa, rom winaT ucxovriaT axalcixis Crdilo-dasavleT mxares, sadac axla qalaqis axali nawilia gaSenebuli da amJamad qarTvelebi da sxva erebi mosax-leoben. uwindel sacxovrebel adgilas salocavebic hqoniaT, axla ki im adgi-las quCebia gayvanili da Senobebia age-buli. me bevri vecade _ gamerkvia miz-ezi, Tu ratom gadmosaxlebulan isini winandeli sacxovrebeli adgilidan... magram amis garkveva SeuZlebeli gaxda, radgan aqaurebs amis Sesaxeb ukve aRa-raferi axsovT... aqauri moxucebi ganu-iTarebelni arian, mexsiereba ar uvar-gaT... saerTod, ejavrebaT warsulis mogoneba... daudevari xalxia... TavianTi warsulis Sesaxeb arafers iweren; ase-Ti Cveuleba maTTvis sruliad ucxoa... visac SevekiTxe, Tu ratom ar swerdnen TavianT Tavgadasavals, Cemi SekiTxva yve-las ukvirda~.

_ arada, muzeumSi ukve pirveli sajaro gamofenisTvis vemzadebodiT, _ yveboda ilia papisimedovi. _ yvela sagonebelSi viyaviT, Tu riT da rogor warmogvedgina eqspoziciaSi axalcixis uZvelesi da TviTmyofi Temi?

raRas ar vixsenebdi da vepotine-bodi, rom rogorme sadme wavwydomodi axalcixel ebraelTa cxovrebis saxier mowmobebs. im azrmac ki gamielva, iqneb rusTxelmwifis droindel kinodokumen-talist simon esaZis mier gadaRebul ruseT-TurqeTis omis qronikebSi moin-axos-meTqi kadrebi axalcixesTan dakav-Sirebuli, magram imxanad samxedro ar-qivs vin gamakarebda?.. isic vicodi, sam-cxe-javaxeTis gzebiT xSirad rom uvlia sparseTisaken SesaniSnav fotomematianes _ Tbilisel rus dimitri ermakovs da raRac imedic mqonda, rom SesaZloa, CvenSi dacul mis mdidar koleqciaSi mainc aRmoCeniliyo axalcixis suraTebi, maT Soris ebraelTa kvartlisac, magram es imedic amao gamodga... da ai, erT, mar-Tla, mSvenier dRes, SemTxveviT, Tvali Sevavle Cveni muzeumis darajs, berikac Salom koboSvils, qvis kibeze Camomjdari, TavisTvis muyaoze rom xatavda. vicodi, gagonili mqonda misi mexsierebisa da axalcixur folklorSi Caxedulobis ambavi, axla ki xatvis niWic meniSna misi da Seqmnili viTarebidan TiTqos Tavis daRwevis raRac imedic gamiCnda gulSi. davxede naxats, masSi lamis Zveli xalx-uri mxatvris _ mamuka TavaqariSvilis miniaturebidan amokalmuli moxdenili xazebi ufro davlande da iqve Sevuqe Saloms naxelavi, mindoda wamexalisebina, Tanac moridebulad SevTavaze _ iqneb Seni bavSvobis droindeli axalcixis yofis suraTebi gaixseno da Seneburad daxato-meTqi...

asea, ara poeturma aRmafrenam, aramed Zalze praqtikulma, pragmatulma miz-ezma ganapiroba Salomis pirveli nabi-

jebi mxatvrobaSi. ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom muzeumis TanamSromlebs, maT Soris ilia papisimedovsac, ufro sagulisxmod eCvenebodaT misi suraTebis istoriul-eTnografiuli xasiaTi da mniSvneloba. piradad Salom koboSvilisadmi damok-idebulebaSic aSkarad vlindeboda es gaugebari calmxrivoba. da axla, roca ecnobiT Tavis droze gamocemul am muzeumis `Sromebs~, umal TvalSi gx-vdebaT, rom maTi avtorebi, TiTqos pirSekruli ariano, jiutad ar scnoben Saloms, rogorc mxatvars, krints ar sZ-raven mis mxatvrul naxelqmnarze, xolo Tu zogjer mainc daimowmeben xolme berikacs, isic oden viTarca samcxe-javaxeTis ebraelTa Zveli yofisa da adaT-Cveulebebis xsovnis Semnaxvels an zepirsityvierebis sando gadmomcems.

TumcaRa: - ar arsebobso winaswarme-tyveli Tavis mamulSi! es ZvelTuZvele-si Tqmac xom CvenianTa warmomavlobisaa. es Segoneba iyo, imTaviTve rom guli auyara xalxs Tavis wiaRSi Rirseul SvilTa danaxvaze, xolo Tu mavani vinme TvalsaCino mainc gamovidoda _ mis aRi-arebaze. is, rom Tavdapirvelad aravis seriozul mxatvrobad ar aRuqvia Sa-lomis naxelqmnari, esec im Zveli Tqmis gamoZaxili da dasturia.

kamara meTormete

da isev ver virideb Sedarebis cTunebas:

firosmanis geniis aRiareba da misi memkvidreobis Zieba-Segroveba 1912-Si

idebs saTaves, roca peterburgidan ar-dadegebze Camosulma studentebma, Zmebma ilia da kiril zdaneviCebma, TavianT me-gobar mxatvar miSel le dantiusTan er-Tad, Tbilisis rkinigzis vagzlis axlo, Rvinis sardafSi, `kardanaxi~ rom erqva, SemTxveviT aRmoaCines nikalas naxatebi. maSin SesZaxa Turme firosmanis suraTe-biT aRfrTovanebulma peterburgelma frangma le dantium: ̀ es xom dRevandeli jotoa!~, riTac, uneburad, imTaviTve dau-kavSira firosmanis saxeli italiuri aRorZinebis xanis winamorbeds.

magram Tu dascdenia odesme vinmes Salom koboSvilis gamo _ `qarTvel ebraelobaSi jotos aCrdilis gamoCenas hgavso~, riTac imJamindel huriaTa qarT-velTa uRimRamo yofaSi raRac niSans-vetur moments Tu ara, yovel SemTx-

vevaSi, mxatvrobaSi pirveli xnulis gamvlebis gamoCenas mainc mianiSnebda? _ ara, aseTi qaTinauri beddamwvari Salom koboSvilisaTvis aravis gaumetebia. ai, is ki iTqva: ̀ CvenSi ukve aris erTi didi primitivisti _ niko firosmani, xolo patara saqarTvelosTvis, TiTqmis Tana-bari donisa da niWierebis ori primi-tivisti rogorRac SeuZlebelia~.

am sityvebs lado gudiaSvils miaw-eren _ zogi sinanuliT, zogic, samwux-arod, niSnismogebiT, rameTu maTSi iseT qveteqsts gulisxmoben, Crdils rom miafenda da SebRalavda pirnaTeli xe-lovanis adamianurobas. arada, es sityve-bi TiTqos marTla iseTive sabediswero gamodga Salom koboSvilis mxatvruli memkvidreobisaTvis, maT iseve gansaz-Rvres misi xvedri samomavlod, rogorc bibliuri balTasaris mware yismaTi mis Tvalsawierze weramwerelis xeliT gamoyvanilma idumalma warweram.

`...patara saqarTvelosTvis... ori primitivisti rogorRac SeuZlebe-liao~... _ nuTu esec, _ poeti daviT batoniSvili rom ityoda, _ `mizezisa gamo sxvisa da sxvisa...~ (?!)

TumcaRa, iqve xom isic aRniSna: `TiTqmis Tanabari donisa da niWierebis ori primitivistio~, riTac pirvelma migvaniSna da STagvagona firosmanisa da koboSvilis SemoqmedebaSi sulieri naTesaobis danaxvis SesaZlebloba da gvibiZga am fenomenis gaazrebisaken.

ai, ratom mgonia, rom maSin aSkarad

TvalTmaqcobda mziuri `serafitas gas-eirnebis~ Semoqmedi, TiTqos imTaviTve irgebdao im saocar da auxsnel niRab-qaragmas, Tavis `freskis RimilSi~ rom gaacxada mogvianebiT.

ratom?Salom koboSvilis ubedoba iyo, rom

misi xanmokle Semoqmedeba Tanxvda sab-WoeTSi ocdaCvidmeti wlis stiqionebs _ diqtaturis yvelaze sastik `mecxre zvirTis~ periods, an _ oruelis Tqmas Tu moviSveliebT, _ es iyo dro, romel-sac tiranis `Ceqma hqonda dabijebuli saxeze~. davazustoT: gamtknarebul sax-eze! tragikuli istoriis yoveli wuTi lamis wyvdiadSi CaZirul weliwads utoldeboda. aras niSnavda stalinuri `savitrino konstitucia~. imsxvreoda tradiciuli faseulobani, devalvire-

m a r t o s u l o b i s n a T e l - C r d i l i

13semk

oTar sefiaSvilixelovnebis damsaxurebuli moRvawe

niu iorki

m a r t o s u l o b i s n a T e l - C r d i l i

bazari Zvel ierusalimSi. mxatvari mordexai janaSvili

qifuris dRemxatvari mordexai janaSvili

buli iyo da arafrad Rirda avtorite-ti _ arc asakis da gamocdilebis, arc talantisa da codnis, saxifaTo Seiqna warmomavloba da gvariSviloba... 1934-is agvisto-seqtemberSi gamarTul sabWoTa mwerlebis pirvel yrilobazeve aSkara gaxda, rom literaturasa da xelovne-baSi bolo moeRo azris Tavisuflebas, SemoqmedebiT Ziebebsa da eqsperiment-ebs. amieridan partiuli loialobiT icdeboda sityvisa da funjis ostati. mkvidrdeboda erTaderTi mimdinareoba _ socrealizmi. yvela sxva mimarTuleba Tu `izmi~ mZvinvare `wiTeli tero-ris~ msxverpli xdeboda... lado gu-diaSvilsac, iseve rogorc sazRvargareT wrTvnagamovlil yovel xelovansa Tu codnaSeZenil mecniers, eWvis TvaliT _ almacerad da undoblad uyurebda ofi-ciozi. raRa Tqma unda, sulierad daZab-uli ganicdida ostati am saxifaTo aT-valwunebas, frTxili iyo, rameTu icoda _ SeiZleboda erTi mavani Cinovnikis umecari sityva sabediswero aRmoCenil-iyo nebismieri xelovanis ara martoden SemoqmedebisaTvis, aramed sicocxlisaT-visac; rom `naivisti~ xalxuri mxat-vris _ Salom koboSvilis warmodgena e.w. ̀ revoluciamdeli primitivistis~ _ firosmanis mimdevrad, maTi mxatvruli Taviseburebebis, Tundac pirobiTad, erT sibrtyeze dayeneba, uTuod aRiqmeboda socrealizmisaTvis ucxo, raRac sxva mimdinareobis aRiarebad. es ki, aSkar-ad, yofna-aryofnis garduval safrTxes Seuqmnida orive mxatvris memkvidreobas. amitomac _ oRond gadaerCina, oRond aeridebina maTTvis tiraniis boroti

Tvali, _ gaTiSa isini: firosmani war-suls Seafara da iq datova saimedod, xolo koboSvilis mniSvneloba viTomda oden eTnografiuli suraTebis fer-mwerobiT Semofargla, ris Sedegadac, uneburad, huriaTa qarTvelTa pirveli mxatvris memkvidreoba jer istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis viwro sivrceSi moeqca, Semdeg ki, ager naxevari saukunea, e.w. samuzeumo mxatvrul fondTa sacav-Sia Caketili.

bedisweraa swored, saxeze gudiaSvi-lis qaragmuli `freskis Rimili~ rom dahfenia. aba sxvagvarad rogor war-movidginoT `wamebis gzaze~ maTi gad-arCena.

kamara mecamete

dasabamidan iyoo sityva... TumcaRa,

albaT, martoden sityva ara. sityviT iqmna naTeli, romelmac naTelhyo fer-ic. amitomaa, rom xelovanTa suli im-TaviTve erTnairad wamebulia sityviT da feriT, rameTu erTic da meorec ux-sovar Jamidanve dagznebuli cecxlia da sawuTroc, es sityviTa da feriT naZer-wi sakvirveleba, am cecxlSia gamotare-buli da nawrTobi. oRondac, is kia, rom igi maradiuli mSvenierebis ziari maSin xdeba, Tu WeSmariti mxatvris xilvebi-Taa sadReoze gamoxmobili.

Salom koboSvilis unikaluri mex-sierebis gamo, Tavis droze, legendebi daiareboda Turme. araerTgzis msmenia mis TanamedroveTagan: Saloms sakuTar sulwiaRSi hqonda davanebuli sruliad samcxe-javaxeTis, metadre _ axalcixel ebraelTa saukuneebSi moxveWili ganZi _ uZvelesi qarTuli ZarRviani sityvebi, kilokavebi, kolorituli saxiani Tqmani. da isini, rogorc Zvel zandukSi SemorCe-nili dedis namziTvari nivTebi, iseTive siyvaruliT da Cumi siamayiT amohqonda mexsierebidan da afenda samzeozeo.

vixseneb: rodesac mweralma akaki gelovanma, _ Tavad saxviTi xelovnebisa da xelovanTa trfialma, _ werili mi-uZRvna megobari mxatvris, miSa (mordex) janaSvilis xsovnas, SeumCneveli ar darCenia qarTvel ebraelTagan pirveli profesionali fermweris pieTeti da mowiwebiT pativiscema misi winamorbedi Tanatomeli xalxuri mxatvrisadmi, rom-lis memkvidreobasac igi `qviSaSi na-povn oqros marcvlebs~ uZaxda Turme. _ miSam kargad icoda, ra amagic dasdo lado gudiaSvilma firosmanis saqvey-

nod aRiarebas, _ sagangebod aRniSnavda mwerali, _ da amitomac Txova erTxel maestros: _ egeb dageweraT rame Salom koboSvilze saxelovnebo JurnalisT-viso. maSin lados upasuxia: `me namd-vilad didad vafaseb Salom koboSvilis Semoqmedebas, magram statia Tqven unda daweroT, radgan Salomis memkvidreoba mTlianad erovnuli xasiaTisaa da Tqven ufro SegiZliaT misi sulis gaxsna (xazi Cemia. o.s.). Salomis Semoqmedebas ar sWirdeba avtoritetis moSvelieba, is TviTonaa avtoriteti~.

(etyoba miSas gulTan axlo miu-tania ufrosi kolegis rCeva da mogvi-anebiT vrceli statiac dauweria Salom koboSvilze, romelic israelSi, qarTu-lenovan gazeT `samSoblos~ sam nomerSi gamouqveynebia 1985 wels. statiaSi miSa

acxadebs: koboSvilis mogonebebis sa-fuZvelze ukve Seqmnili maqvs ferweru-li suraTi _ `firosmanisa da Salomis Sexvedra tfilisis Rvinis sardafSi~, xolo akaki gelovanis TqmiT, miSa ja-naSvils, imavdroulad, `ebraelTa firo-smanis~ 25-mde naxatis aslebic Seus-rulebia zeTis ferebSi... aSkaraa, rom profesional mxatvars afiqrebda da adardebda xalxuri Semoqmedis naxelqm-naris _ akvarelisa da guaSis saRebave-biT qaRaldze daxatuli suraTebis mo-mavali bedi, maTi `susti fizikuri gam-Zleobis~ gamo... _ sad aris axla miSa janaSvilis is namuSevrebi? xom Sesa-Zloa, maT Soris aRmoCeniliyo aslebi koboSvilis im suraTebisa, amJamad rom aRarsad Cans?!).

uTuod, Zneli warmosadgenia Salom koboSvilis mxatvruli memkvidreo-ba erovnuli sawyisebisagan, ZirZveli ebrauli tradiciebisagan mowyvetilad, rameTu ebraelTaTvis erovnulisa da religiuris gageba identuria da ganu-calkevebeli. amdenad, ar egebis ebrauli yofa Toris mcnebebis gareSe, romelSic winaparTa sulia gamJRavnebuli. Salo-mis SemoqmedebaSi ki, `huriaTa qarTvel-Ta~ yofa-cxovrebisa da sarwmunoebrivi wes-adaTebis marTlad asaxvasTan erTad, gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania folk-lorul motivebTan, xalxuri xelovne-bis esTetikasTan bunebrivi siaxlove, SeiZleba iTqvas, RviZli naTesaoba.

albaT, imitomac vdumdi didxans, rom lamis SeuZleblad meCveneboda Sa-lom koboSvilis naxatebis sulieri Zirebis rkveva, maTSi wvdoma, an maT gamo sxvaTa mier ukve TqmulTan SedarebiT raime gansxvavebulis Tqma, maTi qarTvel ebraelTa zepirsityvierebis nimuSebTan, ufro ki _ axalcixelTa folklor-Tan kavSirSi ganxilvis gareSe. magram sad iyo is nimuSebi, rom xeli mimwv-domoda? vicodi, Tavis droze muzeumis TanamSromlebi savele eqspediciebze, maT Soris samcxe-javaxeTSic rom iwerdnen moxuc ebrael xalxur mTqmelTagan Zvel simRerebs, leqsebs, Tqmulebebs, Sairebsa Tu Selocvebs. magram, rogorc Cans, ma-Sin maTi publikacia muzeumis erTad erT beWdviT gamocemaSi _ `SromebSi~ ver moxerxda, xolo omis damTavrebis Semdeg oden erTi (mesame) tomiRa gam-ovida `Sromebisa~ _ 1945-Si. mere ki, mZvinvare saxelmwifo antisemitizmis viTarebaSi vis SeeZlo, an vin gabedavda sityvis daZvras ebraelTa istoriasa Tu kulturaze, Tundac _ xalxur Semo-qmedebaze. samwuxarod, ganukiTxaoba da daviwyebis mtveri aRmoCnda im, vin icis, ra rudunebiT Segrovil folkloruli ganZis xvedri. da dRemde gaurkvevelia, 1951-Si, muzeumis likvidirebis dros, romel arqivsa Tu fondSi moxvda an STainTqa qarTvel ebraelTa TviTmyofi kulturis, maTi mxatvruli warmosaxvis mowme da dasturi zepirsityvierebis Canawerebi...

TumcaRa, moxda ki ise, Tavis sof-lis samduravSi rom uTqvams rusTvels: `magram RmerTi ar gaswiravs~ Sengan ganawirsao. gaumxelel imedsa da molo-dinSi gamoxda mravali weli, icvleboda Jamni da vin ifiqrebda, rom aq, amerikaSi gazeT ̀ daviTis faris~ redaqtori simon krixeli gamacnobda Tavisi mamis, didi xnis win gardacvlil filolog aron krixelis arqivSi axlaxans mignebul xe-lnawer naSroms _ `qarTvel ebraelTa xalxuri Semoqmedeba~, romelSic axal-cixelTa folkloris sagulisxmo ni-muSebic aRmoCnda. da miuxedavad imisa, rom naSroms aSkarad aklia profesion-ali folkloristis xeli, CemTvis es

mainc iyo... ar vici _ ra? _ albaT,

saswauli!.. 2006 wlis zafxuli idga.

is-is iyo TbilisSi, qarvaslis sagamofe-

no darbazSi moewyo Salom koboSvilis

dabadebis 130 wlisTavis aRsaniSnavi

misi naxatebis saiubileo vernisaJi da

gamoica feradovani albomi-katalogi

_ gamofenis moTavis, xelovnebaTmcodne

lela wiwuaSvilis winasityvaobiT. am

RirsSesaniSnav movlenas win uswrebda

israelSi rusulenovan gazeTSi (`no-

vosti nedeli~. 21.07.05) dabeWdili

cnobili radioJurnalistis, mixeil

fiCxaZis werili koboSvilis gamo, sa-

TauriT _ `is firosmani ar aris, igi

sxvaa~. am publikaciasTan dakavSirebiT

umal Tavi gamoido TbilisSi qarTule-

novanma gazeTma `menoram~ (31.05.06) da

misma redaqtorma, dramaturgma guram ba-

TiaSvilma Ria weriliT mimarTa saqarT-

velos erovnuli muzeumis generalur

direqtors, profesor daviT lorTqi-

faniZes. gazeTi, faqtobrivad, ebrauli

kulturis qomagis poziciidan Txovda

adresats, mkiTxvelebisaTvis gaecno, Tu

ra mdgomareobaSia amJamad misi uwye-

bis fondSi daculi koboSvilis nax-

atebi. Temam ganapiroba da, werilis

avtori saTiTaod asaxelebda saqarT-

velos ebraelTa muzeumis yvela yofil

direqtors _ omamdels Tu Semdgom-

droindels, magram ratomRac sul ar

gaxsenebia swored is pirovneba, romlis

direqtorad muSaobis Jamsac gauqmda

despoturi reJimis mier likvidirebu-

li qarTvel ebraelTa es ukanaskneli

kulturuli kera; ar uxsenebia ilia

papisimedovi, romelmac pirvelma SeniSna

da amagi dasdo Tanatomeli xalxuri

mxatvris niWis gamovlenas, misi naxelqm-

naris dafasebas da mofrTxilebas. sx-

vaTa Soris, manve dawera da 1940 wels,

mxatvris sicocxleSive, gamoaqveyna

muzeumis `SromebSi~ pirveli da dRemde

erTaderTi narkvevi Salom koboSvilis

cxovrebasa da Semoqmedebaze. Tundac

es naSromi xom mainc unda scodnoda

namdvil gulSematkivars?! da marTalia,

maSin araerTgzis gamxsenebia sulmnaT

akademikos ivane javaxiSvilis ander-

ZiviT Tqmuli: `mterze uaresia uvicoba

da ufro metad _ vaimcodneobao~, ma-

gram _ gamogitydebiT _ Cemze araviTari

zegavlena ar mouxdenia arc `menoras~

TvalSisacem `gulmaviwyobas~ da arc

im xarvezebs, romelTagan dazRveuli,

samwuxarod, sxva publikaciebic ar aR-

moCnda. CemTvis namdvili sixaruli da

STagoneba iyo axalcixel ebraelTa

folkloris is axalmignebuli _ arc-

Tu uxvi, magram uTuod sagulisxmo _

nimuSebi, romelTa wyalobiTac ukve Sei-

Zleboda Salom koboSvilis Semoqmede-

bis ramdenadme gansxvavebul aspeqtSi

danaxva da gaazreba.

gazeTi Seicavs Toris wminda sityvebs. gTxovT gaufrTxildeT!

14

ebra elTa isto ri ul-eTnogra fi u-li mu ze u mi Ca moya libda sa qarTve los Ra rebko mis gamge o bis 1932.30.11 dadge-nile biT ro gorc sa uwye bo orga niza-cia _ mSro mel ebra elTa kultba zis farglebSi; ofi ci a lurad da arsda 1933.23.11 _ sa qarTve los ga naTle bis sa xalxo ko misa ri a tis brZa nebiT.

Tavda pirve lad mu ze u mi ganTavs-da ebra elTa kultba zis Se noba Si (amJa mad, g. abe saZis q.10), xo lo 1940 wli dan e.w. `gumba Tovan si nago gaSi~ (amJa mad, anton ka Tali kosis q.3);

XX s. 10-ia ni wle bis Su a xanebSi aSe nebu li mu ze u mis Se noba _ agu risaa, ga redan mra valkuTxa, SigniT wri u-li (3 afsi diT), romlis pe rimetrze, 8 wyvil svetze da fuZne bulia rki na-be toni save ori, di di da mci re gumba-Ti; ga dake Teba Ta Se degad na gebo ba 3 sarTu li a nia, da axlo e biT 20 metri sigrZe-si gani sa da 21 metri si maRlis.

ssrk-Si mimdi nare anti semi turi moZra o bis talRa ze mu ze u mi da i xura 1951 wels.

sa qarTve los mecni e reba Ta aka-demi is qarTul-ebra ul urTi erTo baTa aso ci a ci is wardge nis sa fuZvelze aRdga sa qarTve los mTavro bis 1992.30.11 #1017 dadge nile biT da mi e niWa cno-bili ra bini sa da sa zoga do moRva-wis da viT ba a zovis sa xeli. mu ze u mi Se vida sa qarTve los kultu ris sa-ministros daqvemde bare baSi; sa qarTve-los mecni e reba Ta aka demi as da e vala sa mecni e ro xelmZRva nelo ba; 2000-2004 wlebSi mu ze u mi sa qarTve los kultu-ris sa ministro sa da q. Tbi lisis me-ri is daqvemde bare baSia.

umwva ves ava ri ul mdgo mare o baSi arse buli isto ri u li na gebo bisa da erovnul-sa erTa Sori so mniSvne lobis sa muze u mo da wese bule bis ga darCe-nisaTvis, mu ze u misa da qarTul-ebra-ul urTi erTo baTa aso ci a ci is mi-marTvis sa fuZvelze, sa qarTve los pre zidentis 2004 wlis 25 ivli sis #654 gankargu lebiT _ ̀ da viT ba a zovis sa xelo bis sa qarTve los ebra elTa isto ri ul-eTnogra fi u li mu ze u mis aRdge na-re konstruqci is Ro nisZi e baTa Se saxeb~, da i saxa mu ze u mis, ro gorc ebra elTa sa qarTve loSi cxovre bis mra valsa u kuno vani isto ri is ganZTsa-cavi sa da qarTul-ebra ul urTi erTo-baTa Semswavle li uni kalu ri sa mecni-e ro centris funqci o nire bisa da re-konstruqci is Ro nisZi e bebi.

sa qarTve los pre zidentis 2006 wlis 17 agvistos #493 brZa nebu lebiT ga nisazRvra mu ze u mis axa li sa-marTlebri vi sta tusi da sa xelwo deba _ da viT ba a zovis sa qarTve los ebra-elTa isto ri is mu ze u mi~. sa qarTve-los kultu ris, ZeglTa dacvi sa da sportis sa ministros da e vala masze sa xelmwi fo ebri vi ze damxedve loba.

mu ze u mi mflo belia mra vali eqspo nati sa da ra rite tisa _ epigra-fiku li, xelna weri, arqe o logi u ri, eTnogra fi u li, isto ri u li, mxa t vru-li, arqi vebi sa da a.S., romle bic 1951 wels, mu ze u mis ga uqme bis Semdeg, gan-Tavsda sxva dasxva mu ze umSi, insti-tutsa da sa cavSi.

sa qarTve los pre zidentis 2004 wlis #654 gankargu lebiT gansazRvru-lia Se nobis re konstruqci is damTavre-bisTa nave mu ze u mis kuTvni li ma sale-bis dabru neba.

ga moce mulia ebra isti ka _ qarTve-lolo gi i saTvis mniSvne lova ni sa-mecni e ro `Sro mebis~ eqvsi to mi (I-1940, II-1941, III-1945, IV-2006, V-2008, VI-2010); Ca tare bulia eqspe dici e bi sa qarTve-los sxva dasxva mxa reSi; ga mofe nebi; sa erTa Sori so konfe renci e bi, miZRvni-li sa qarTve los ebra elTa, sa qarTve-lo-pa lesti nisa da qarTul-ebra ul urTi erTo baTa isto ri is sa kiTxe-bisadmi.

mu ze u mis sa eqspo zicio koncef­

cia da Te matu ri gegma (isi ni sa­

fuZvlad da e do sa qarTve loSi ebra­

elTa damkvidre bis 2600­wlo vani

isto ri i sadmi miZRvnil sa i u bileo

ga mofe nas 1998 wels sa qarTve los

erovnul ga lere a Si)

de vizi: Tu da giviwyo ie ruSa la-im... Tu da giviwyo sa qarTve lo...

kavka sia da sa kuTriv sa qarTve-lo, ge o poli tiku ri, stra tegi u li, eko nomi kuri, eko logi u ri, konfe si-u ri Tvalsazri siT, isto ri u ladac da gansa kuTre biT dRes, Ta visi mra-vale rovnu lobi Ta da mra valkonfe si-ur-re ligi u robiT me tad feTqe bad da

`aqti u ri ve lis~ re gi ons warmo adgens. Se saba misad, erTa Sori si urTi erTo-bani erT-erTi upirve lesi proble-maa da mi si harmo ni u lad Ca moya libe-ba, ro gorc qveynis, ise re gi o nisa da msofli o saTvi sac umniSvne lova nes amo cana Ta rigSi rCe ba.

am mxriv, qarTul-ebra ul urTi-erTo bebs, ga da u Warbeblad Se iZle ba iTqvas, ba dali iSvi a Tad, Tu sru li a-dac ar mo e Zebne ba msofli os isto ri a-Si. sa qarTve los isto ri am Se mogvi naxa ori uZve lesi eris mra valsa u kuno vani mSvi dobi a ni urTi erTo bis ma gali Ti da mi si Cve neba qarTvel ebra elTa da mTli a nad, sa qarTve los ebra elTa isto ri is fonze, ga mofe nis erT-erTi umTavre si amo canaa.

bibli u ri, arqe o logi u ri, isto-ri u li da enaTmecni e ruli mo nace mebis sa fuZvelze ga mofe naze Suqde ba:

* sa qarTve lo (kavka sia)-pa lesti-nis isto ri ul-kultu ruli urTi-erTo bani (qvis, brinja os, anti kuri da Su a sa u kune e bis pe ri o debis), rac sa erTo isto ri ul-kultu ruli are a-lis arse bobiT aixsne ba;

* sa qarTve loSi ebra elTa mosv-

lis, gansaxle bisa da damkvidre bis sxva dasxva pe ri o di: Zv.w. VIII s. _ salmi nasa ris, Zv.w. VI s. (586 w. Semdeg) na buqo dono sor II-is, Zv. w. II-I ss. _ a.w. I s., VI-VII ss., XIX-XXss.;

*qarTve li ebra e lis fe nome-ni (anTro polo gi u ri, eTni kuri, so-ci a luri, iu ridi u li, konfe si u ri, kultu ruli, eTnogra fi u li...);

* qarTvel ebra elTa Rvawli sa-qarTve los sa xelmwi fo ebriv, eko-nomi kur, kultu rul, sa mecni e ro sfe-ro ebSi;

* qarTveli ebra elebi sa qarTve-loSi qristi a nobis gavrce lebis dros;

* qarTu li su li e ri da ma teri a-

luri kultu ris Zegle bi `wmi da mi-waze~;

* sa qarTve los me feTa warmo-mavlo bis izo Te istu ri Te o ria (rom-lis mi xedvi Tac qarTve li me feni _ bagra ti onni ebra elTa bibli u ri me-fe e bis da viTisa da so lomo nis STa-momavle bi ari an];

* bibli ur me fe da viT wi-naswarmetyvelTan [‚‚david hamelex‚‚] da kavSi rebu li simbo lo e bi (heqsagra-ma, bagra tovanTa gerbi) Su a sa u kune e-bis qarTul ma teri a lur kultu raSi;

* sa qarTve los ebra elTa su li e-ri da ma teri a luri kultu ris Zegle-bi, re ligi u ri cxovre ba, tra dici e bi;

* sa qarTve los ebra elTa yo fa da kultu ra;

* ratom ar yofila sa qarTve loSi, isto ri u lad da sa xelmwi fo ebri vad, anti semi tizmi. aRi niSne ba qarTvelTa Tavda deba XX saukunis da sawyisSi ru seTSi mimdinare `pogro mebi s~ dros, ebra e li tyve e bis ga darCe na II msoflio omis periodSi da sxv.

* sa qarTve lodan ebra elTa isto-ri ul samSoblo Si dabru nebis pe ri-o debi _ XIX s. _ XX s. da sawyi si,

XX s-is 70-ia ni wle bidan... axsni lia am movle nis me tafi ziku ri, isto ri u-li, so ci a lur-po liti kuri aspeqte-bi; sa qarTve losTan qarTve li ebra e-lobis da moki debu lebis mniSvne lova-ni faqte bi, sa qarTve lo-isra e lis Ta-namedro ve sa xelmwi fo ebri vi, sa mecni-e ro-kultu ruli da sa zoga do ebri vi urTi erTo bani;

* sa qarTve loSi moRva we ebra u-li, qarTul-ebra u li sa xelmwi fo da sa zoga do ebri vi orga niza ci e bi;

* ga mofe naze warmodge nili iqne-ba mra valfe rova ni fo to, teqstobri-vi, sagnobri vi ma sala: sa qarTve loSi ebra elTa isto ri u li gansaxle bis ru kebi, pe i zaJe bi, ubne bi, sa suli e ro da sa e ro na gebo bebis, sa safla o e bis xe debi, de mogra fi u li mo nace mebi, mdi dari isto ri u li, arqe o logi u ri, eTnogra fi u li, epigra fiku li, xelna-weri, beWdvi Ti ma sala, ni Wi e ri qarTve-li ebra e li `pri miti visti~ mxatvris S. ko boSvi lis, msofli o Si cno bili ebra e li mxatvris s. gerSo visa (rom-lis udi desi ko leqci ac ina xeba sa-qarTve loSi) da sxva mxatvre bis na-muSevre bi.

ga mofe nis la itmo tivi _ qarT-velma ebra e lobam Rirse u lad ganvlo sa qarTve loSi cxovre bis mra valsa u-kuno vani gza da mtki ced da imkvidra Ta vi mis isto ri a Si, rac ori ve eris to leranto bis, bibli u ri sibrZnis na-Teli ga movle naa. yo veli ve amis ga mo, sa qarTve los sru li sa fuZve li aqvs msofli os auwyos da aRniSnos erTa mSvi dobi a ni Ta na arse bobis isto ri u-li fe nome ni.

givi RambaSiZe

muzeumis direqtoriqarTul-ebraul urTierTobaTa

asociaciis prezidenti

minaweri: saqarTvelos ebraelTa muzeumis Senoba avariul mdgomareo-baSia. Svela ki jerjerobiT arsaidan Cans. Sedgenilia muzeumis restavra-ciisa da funqcionirebis proeqti, ro-melSic gaTvaliswinebulia muzeumis muSaobisaTvis saWiro yvela niuansi. Cvenc SevitanoT Cveni wvlili am ke-TilSobilur saqmeSi. muzeumi xom saqarTvelos ebraelTa istoriis ma-tianea.

d-ri Salva wiwuaSvili

saqarTvelos ebraelTa muzeumis yofili direqtori

redaqciisagan: WeSmaritad, _ ‚‚mu-zeumi istoriis matianea‘‘ _ warsulis utyuari sarke. warsulis daviwyeba ki fesvebidan mowyvetas niSnavs, rac TviT-mkvlelobis tolfasia.

saqarTvelos ebraelTa istoria xom msoflio ebraelTa istoriis erT-erTi gamorCeuli furcelia. amasTan igi, Ta-visi TiTqmis samiaTaswlovani siZveliT, saqarTvelos istoriis nawilicaa.

vexmianebiT ra winamdebare publi-kaciis paToss, migvaCnia, rom yvelafe-ri unda gakeTdes avariuli Senobis ga-dasarCenad, sxvadasxva sacavSi gadaxiz-nuli unikaluri sulier-materialuri Zeglebis Tavmosayrelad da erT adgil-ze gansaTavseblad.

SemovunaxoT momaval Taobebs qarTul-ebrauli kulturis es umniSv-nelovanesi kera _ saqarTveloSi Cveni ocdaeqvssaukunovani cxovrebis yvelaze metyveli niSansveti!

ganaxlebuli muzeumi bunebrivad Caiwereba Tbilisis istoriul konte-qstSi. igi CarTuli iqneba turistul marSrutebSi da, ori eris mravalsauku-novani Tanaarsebobis gamocdilebidan gamomdinare, qalaqis erT-erT savizito baraTad iqceva.

muzeumis Temas Cven kidev davubrun-debiT. gazeTis uaxloes nomrebSi gaTva-liswinebuli gvaqvs b-n Salva wiwuaSvi-lis vrceli masalis publikacia.

`saqarTvelodan mowveulo Zvirfaso stumrebo, sruliad israelis mw-eralTa kavSirebis federaciis Tavmjdomarev, batono efraim, Cemo sayvare-lo damswre sazogadoebav, mTeli msoflios qarTvel ebraelTa saxeliT, guliTadad mogesalmebiT da gilocavT saqarTvelos ebraelTa istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis 75 wlisTavis iubiles da muzeumis "Sromebis" me-5-e tomis gamosvlas.

rogorc CemTvis cnobili gaxda, am tomSi Sesuli masalebis TiTqmis 80% dawerilia qarTveli ebraelebis mier an qarTveli ebraelebis Sesaxeb.

udidesi siamovnebiT aRvniSnav, rom Tavisi xangrZlivi da nayofieri moRvaweobis periodSi, muzeumma didi roli Seasrula, rogorc saqarTvelos ebraelTa istoriis kvlevis, aseve maTi sazogadoebriv- kulturuli winsvli-sa da erovnuli TviTSegnebis gaRvivebis saqmeSi.

muzeumis namoRvawarma, muzeumis xelmZRvanelobis Tavdadebuli mcde-lobis Sedegad, gauZlo zogierTi avbediTi periodis susxian politikur situ-aciebs da cxadad Tu malulad Cvenamde moaRwia.

xolo, am oci wlis winaT, roca sabWoTa kavSiris respublikebSi jer kidev mZlavrobda komunisturi reJimi, TbilisSi, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa aka-demiasTan daarsda qarTul-ebraul urTierTobaTa asiciacia. amas SeiZleba vuwodoT sazogadoebrivi gmiroba. asociaciis meSveobiT Cvens or qveyanas Soris ganviTarda "saxalxo diplomatia" da gaido megobruli urTierTobis myari xidi. am xidis konstruqtorebic da mSeneblebic iyvnen aw gansvenebuli akademikosi andria afaqiZe da profesori givi RambaSiZe, profesor Salva wiwuaSvilTan erTad.

baton Salva wiwuaSvilis israelSi amosvlis Semdeg, orive zemoaRniSnul dawesebulebas xelmZRvanelobs batoni givi RambaSiZe, romelic sanimuSod da sanaqebod uZRveba Tavis maRal xalxTaSoriso misias.

batoni givi israelisa da ebraeli xalxis didi qomagia da uSurvelad iR-vwis Cveni ori qveynisa da ori xalxis megobrobis Semdgomi gaRrmavebisaT-vis.

batono givi, didad gmadlobT am TanadgomisaTvis!darwmunebuli var, rom Tqvendami daqvemdebarebuli muzeumis koordi-

natori da sainformacio ganyofilebis ufrosi q-ni Tamari [RambaSiZe] mibaZavs da kidev ofro sanimuSos gaxdis Tqvens magaliTs.

qalbatono Tamar, gisurvebT did warmatebebs Tqvens keTilSobilur saqmianobaSi.

dae, hfaravdes Cveni didi winaprebis abraamis, icxakisa da iaakobis madli israelsa da saqarTvelos!~

saqarTvelos ebraelTaistoriis muzeumi

muzeumis aRorZinebis sabWo uxmobs qtitor-Semwir-velT: gadavarCinoT erovnul-saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis

muzeumis avariuli Senoba dangrevisagan

2008 wlis 18 noembers, Tel-avivSi, israelis mweralTa saxlSi, israelis mweralTa kavSirebis federaciis, saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio kongresisa da daviT baazovis saqarTvelos ebraelTa istoriis muzeumis mier Catarebul saRamoze muzeumis daarsebidan 75-e wlisTavisa da muzeumis samecniero `Sromebis~ IV da V tomebis gamocemasTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio kongresis prezidentis batoni moSe (miSiko) mirilaSvilis werilobiTi sityva:

moambe

istoriis muzeumi

15semk

Ggamoica daviT baazovis sa-qarTvelos ebraelTa istoriis muzeumis Sromebis VI tomi [Tbi-lisi 2010 weli, 394 gverdi _ qar-Tul-rusul-inglisur enebze].

Sromebis gamomcemlebi arian: saqarTvelos kulturis, Zegl-Ta dacvisa da sportis samini-stro, daviT baazovis saqarTve-los ebraelTa istoriis muzeumi, qarTul-ebraul urTierTobaTa asociacia,asiriologTa, biblei-

daaxloebiT sami wlis win erTma axalgazrdam damireka:- me eiali mqvia, Tqveni telefonis nomeri Tqvenma megobarma momca. me da Cems

partniors qarTuli enis swavla gvinda da xom ar dagvexmarebiT?marTali giTxraT, cota Sevyovndi. ar vicodi ra pasuxi gameca.- Zalian gTxovT, uars nu gvetyviT, radgan Zalian gvWirdeba. danarCens, roca

SevxvdebiT, maSin agixsniT.cnobismoyvareobam mZlia da Sexvedraze davTanxmdi. eiali megobarTan erTad

movida, romelmac Tavi ionaTanad warmomidgina. daaxloebiT 30-35 wlis asakisa iq-nebodnen.Eeiali namdvili “cabari” [israelSi dabadebuli da gazrdili _ red.] iyo, Tanac ramaT-haSaronidan, ionaTans aqcentze Sevatyve, anglosaqsuri warmoSobis unda yofiliyo. arc Sevmcdarvar: amerikeli aRmoCnda, sul ramdenime wlis win amo-suliyo israelSi sacxovreblad.

saubarSi gairkva, rom TbilisSi saerTo sacxovrebeli saxlebis kompleqss aSe-nebdnen. saqarTvelos silamazeze, qarTul stumarTmoyvareobasa da qarTul samza-reuloze rom laparakobdnen, saWaSnikod ramdenime qarTuli sityvac gauries, maT Soris – “gogo”, “biWo”, “xaWapuri”, “Rvino” da, ra Tqma unda, “fuli”.

- Cven salaparako enis swavla gvinda. TveSi ori kvira TbilisSi gvixdeba xol-me yofna. zogjer iseT xalxTan gviwevs urTierToba, inglisuri rom ar ician. erTi sityvac rom vuTxraT qarTulad, maT guls movigebT – miTxra ionaTanma.

- Tanac xom unda vicodeT, qarTulad ras laparakoben Cvenze erTmaneTSi. arc gavamxelT, qarTuli rom gvesmis. Taviseburad es sainteresoc iqneba. – xumrobiT daumata eialma, eSmakurad gaiRima da ionaTans Tvali Caukra.

- kargi “daqoqilebi” Canan – gamecina gulSi.ase daiwyo Cemi qarTuli enis “maswavlebloba”...eiali da ionaTani bejiTi moswavleebi gamodgnen da Zalian seriozulad moekid-

nen qarTuli enis Seswavlas. jer asoebi Seiswavles, Semdeg nel-nela sityvebi da bolos winadadebebis Sedgenac daiwyes. marTalia, zogi mWaxe bgeris warmoTqmisas [R, y, Z, w, W] simwris ofli asxamdaT, magram cota xanSi mainc sakmao leqsikuri maragi daigroves. swavlis gasaadvileblad, dasawyisSi, qarTul sityvebs ebrauli asoebiT vuwerdi, xmovnebianad. ramdenime Tvis Semdeg ki, roca imdenad Seiswavles ena, rom gaqceul qarTvels daabrunebdnen da maTi rveulic ebrauli asoebiT ‘‘gamoyvanili’’

qarTuli frazeologiebiT gaivso, ionaTanma moulodnelad mkiTxa:- ar ginda, rom ebraul-qarTuli sasaubro Seadgino?- visTvis? – vkiTxe gakvirvebulma.- Senma Svilebma Tu ician qarTuli? – kiTxvaze kiTxviT momigo eialma.cota uxerxulad vigrZeni Tavi, magram gulaxdilad vuTxari:- esmiT, magram qarTulad ver laparakoben.- miT umetes, gaakeTe Seni SvilebisTvisac da aq dabadebuli bavSvebisTvi-

sac. esec ar iyos, ici ramdeni ebraulenovani turisti da biznesmeni Cadis sa-qarTveloSi israelidan da sxva qveynebidanac?Yyvelas gamoadgeba.

marTali rom giTxraT, amaze arc mifiqria. ionaTanisa da eialis naTqva-mi WkuaSi damijda, meore dResve davukavSirdi ieruSalaimSi gamomcemloba “hocaoT sifrei zak”-s, romelic sxvadasxvaenovan sasaubroebs gamoscems, erT kviraSi ki xelSekrulebas movawere xeli, iqve momces standartuli ebraul-inglisuri sasaubro, riTac unda mexelmZRvanela.

mas Semdeg TiTqmis ori weli gavida. am xnis ganmavlobaSi bevrma aqaur-ma nacnob-megobarma moinaxula saqarTvelo. maTac vuwerdi ebrauli asoebiT qarTul sityvebsa da frazebs. iqidan dabrunebis Semdeg ki maT survilebsa da winadadebebs viTvaliswinebdi da axal-axali detalebiT vavsebdi sasaubros.

roca gamomcemlobaSi wignis redaqtirebaze Camomigdes sityva, arc davfi-qrebulvar, ise davusaxele d-r gerSon ben-orenis saxeli. man erTob Sroma-tevadi samuSao gaswia _ saqmian SeniSvnebs maZlevda, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi “mtuqsavda” kidec. zogjer gvian SuaRamemdec gviwevda satelefono saubari, azrTa gacvla-gamocvla...

Cemgan damoukidebeli mizezebis gamo, wigni daTqmul droze ver Cavabare, magram gamomcemlobis xelmZRvanelebma sulgrZelad mapaties es uneblie da-gvianeba da aRar “damajarimes”.

... rac Seexeba Cems “moswavleebs”, maT saguramoSic SeiZines miwis nakveTebi da albaT iqac daiwyeben axali proeqtebis ganxorcielebas. eials qaliSvili SeeZina da moferebiT “gogos” eZaxis, ionaTani ki vaJis mama gaxda da isic mo-ferebiT “biWos” uwodebs.

maTgan inicirebuli ebraul-qarTuli sasaubro ki israelis wignebis maRa-ziebis Taroebze “hocaoT sifrei zak”-is mier 25 sxvadasxva enaze gamocemul sasaubroTa ricxvs Seemata.

cisana Samiri

gazeTi dasabeWdad iyo mzad, rodesac saqarTvelodan samwuxa-ro cnoba movida: gardaicvala didi qarTveli poeti muxran maWa-variani.

es aunazRaurebeli danaklisia mTeli qarTuli mwerlobis-Tvis, qarTveli xalxisTvis, poeziisa da mxatvruli sityvis yve-la WeSmariti moyvarulisTvis.

igi TbilisSi, rusTavelis Teatris scenaze gamosvlisas gar-daicvala, _ rogorc TviTmxilvelebi amboben, swored im dros, roca sityva ‘‘saqarTvelos’’ warmoTqvamda.

ubeduri SemTxvevisa Tu bedisweris am uCveulo aqtSic TiTqos gacxadda muxran maWavarianis, rogorc poetisa da mamuliSvilis, cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis mTeli azri da Sinaarsi.

muxran maWavariani namyofia israelSi: sruliad israelis mwe-ralTa federaciis mowveviT, igi 1989 wels stumrad ewvia Cvens qveyanas; imave wels man, rogorc saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSi-rirs Tavmjdomarem, sanaqebo maspinZloba gauwia sapasuxo vi-zitiT saqarTveloSi Casul israelis mweralTa delegacias.igi israelis WeSmariti gulSematkivari iyo, gacnobierebuli hqonda ebrauli kulturis mniSvneloba da bevrs akeTebda qarTul da ebraul kulturaTa dasaaxloeblad.

saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio kongresi, qarTvel ebrae-lobasTan erTad, Rrma gulistkivils gamoTqvams didi Semoqme-dis gardacvalebis gamo da uerTdeba mTeli qarTveli xalxis, sruliad saqarTvelos sawuxars.

RmerTma gaanaTlos misi suli!

saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio kongresi

qarTuli marto enaa? -qarTuli qarTvelT rwmenaa!RmerTia!bedisweraa!zRva roa, -imodenaa!

muxran maWavariani

stTa da kavkasiologTa sazoga-doeba, saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio kongresi.

gamoqveynebul masalebSi, ro-melTa avtorebi arian cnobili ebraeli da qarTveli mecnierebi, ganxilulia qarTvel ebraelTa religiuri cxovrebis, istoriisa da kulturis, bibleistikis, qar-Tul-ebrauli urTierTobebisa da sxva sakvanZo sakiTxebi

gamocemis redaqtoria givi RambaSiZe. saredaqcio kolegiaSi Sedian: j. ajiaSvili, d. baazovi, g. baTiaSvili, g. ben-oreni, z. da-varaSvili, i. davidi, z. kiknaZe, e. mamisTvaliSvili, T. mamisTvalo-vi-kezeraSvili, g. mircxulava, m. RambaSiZe, T. cagareiSvili, S. wi-wuaSvili.

rogorc cnobilia, ‘‘Srome-bis’’ pirveli tomi 1940 wels gam-ovida da maSinve miipyro samecni-ero wreebisa da farTo sazoga-doebriobis yuradReba. muzeumis maSindelma mesveurebma sul sami tomis gamocema moaswres [bolo, mesame tomi gamovida 1945 wels], radgan sabWouri ideologiis an-tisemiturma xasiaTma muzeumsac da mis Sromebsac naadrevad mous-wrafa sicocxle.

sabednierod, muzeumis aR-dgenis Semdeg daiwyo samzadi-si ‘‘Sromebis’’ Semdgomi tomebis gamosacemad da dRes, rogorc xe-davT, xelTa gvaqvs meeqvse tomi, romelic wina tomebis kvaldakval, maRalmecnieruli doniT gamoirCe-va. amaSi didia muzeumis amJamind-eli xelmZRvanelobis damsaxure-ba.

ase rom, Catexili xidi aRdga, tradicia grZeldeba.

‘‘Sromebi~ VI-is prezentacia Catarda saqarTvelos kulturis, ZeglTa dacvisa da sportis sami-nistroSi, saqarTvelos diasporis saministroSi, Tbilisis ebraul saxlSi da sxv.

krebuli darigda sxvadasxva organizaciasa da biblioTekaSi...

Catexili xidi aRdga,

didianaklisi

tradicia grZeldeba

Eebraul-qarTuli sasaubro

16

gazeTi Seicavs Toris wminda sityvebs. gTxovT gaufrTxildeT!

moambe

S O S

erTi wlis winaT axlobeli dameRupa. igi or-mocdaaTsac ar iyo mitanebuli. bolo sami weli narkotikebs ar gakarebia, da Zalian surda sicocxle. bevrsac akeTebda amisTvis _ cdilobda axali cxovre-ba daewyo; magram sinamdvile sastikad moeqca. warsu-lis stereotipebma, _ an, SesaZloa, Zalian dagvianebu-lic iyo yvelafris Tavidan dawyeba, _ bolo mouRo mas. aRaraa adamiani, darCa narkotikebi, romelic morig msxverpls daelodeba.

saerTod, Znelia narkomaniaze wera da, gansa-kuTrebiT _ Cveni xalxisaTvis. CvenSi xom miRebuli araa nagvis gareT gatana; magram simarTles Tu ar ityvi, ra mZimec ar unda iyos igi, kidev vin icis ramdeni adamiani gamogvecleba xelidan _ narkotikebi xom bevr sasikvdilo avadmyofobaze saSiSia _ TviT Sidsis daavadebazec ki. Sidsis sawinaaRmdego pre-paratebs mTeli msoflio eZebs da poulobs kidec; narkomaniis gansakurnavad ki dRemde ver moinaxa wa-mali.

Cveni Temi narkomanias SedarebiT axlo warsulSi Seejaxa. me maxsovs Cemi bavSvoba quTaisSi, maxsovs pirveli narkomanebi. Tavdapirvelad, morfinistebi Cven gmiris mantiebiT warmogvedgina. 13-14 wlis mozard-ebi vcdilobdiT, ufrosi ‘’megobrebisTvis’’ migvebaZa da Tavi gmirebad warmogvesaxa. maSin sazogadoebas jer kidev ar hqonda gacnobierebuli am ubedurebis sruli masStabebi. samwuxarod, Cveni samegobros zo-gierTma wevrma ‘’kaefis’’ devnaSi Zalze Sors Setopa. 20 wlis Semdeg, Tbilisis fsiqologiis institutSi muSaobis periodSi, me vxvdebodi am xalxs, magram ukve

pacientebis ampluaSi. TandaTanobiT, _ Cemi bavSvobis wlebidan moyolebuli, _ narkotikebis xmareba did problemad gveqca. romel qveyanaSic ar unda vyofili-yavi, yvelgan axlo urTierToba mqonda Cvens qarTul saTvistomoebTan. yovelive es safuZvels maZlevs gan-vacxado, rom narkomaniasTan mimarTebiT mdgomareobas jerjerobiT sasikeTo piri ar uCans.

adamianTa meti wili Tvlis, rom narkomania mavne Cvevaa. narkomanebi aRizianeben garSemomyofT TavianTi manipulaciebiT, pasuxismgeblobis Tavidan acilebiT, agresiulobiT da, bolos, damnaSaveobiTac. cota Tu xvdeba, rom wamalze damokidebul adamians, xSirad, Zala ar Seswevs, rom Secvalos cxovrebis Cveuli wesi; igi avadaa am damokidebulebis gamo _ es qroni-kuli daavadebaa, Tavisi garTulebebiTa da remisiebiT, romelic xasiaTdeba avadmyofuri moTxovnilebiT, e. w. ‘’narkotikuli SimSiliT,’’ rac sabolood iwvevs ner-vuli sistemis cvlilebebs da moSlas molekulul doneze.

umravlesoba narkotikebis miRebas 13-15 wlis asakidan iwyebs. maTi, rogorc pirovnebebis, socialuri da inteleqtualuri ganviTareba ferxdeba da saurT-ierTobo wre izRudeba mxolod narkotikebis yidva-moxmarebis doneze. axloblebi maT veRar ugeben, kano-ni _ devnis, sazogadoeba ki _ uaryofs. narkotikebSi CaTreulni mxolod 10-15 wlis Semdeg fxizldebian, iwyeben fiqrs gankurnebaze da daxmarebisTvis iwvdian xels. am etapze isini, misustebulni da dabeCavebulni, mimxvdarni arian, rom wlebi uazrod daxarjes. amis sapasuxod, ojaxis wevrebi, ukve gulgatexilni da xe-lCaqneulni, aRar ijereben maT dapirebebs da uars amboben daxmarebaze. narkomanebi Tavs gariyulebad grZnoben.

magram, narkotikebze uaris Tqmis Semdeg maTi mdgomareoba ki ar umjobesdeba, piriqiT _ uaresde-ba[?]. es, pirvel yovlisa, gamowveulia yvela sasic-ocxlo problemis erTbaSad mogvarebis iluziebiT _ rogorc narkomanis, iseve misi axloblebis mxridan. ararealuri da gadaWarbebuli momTxovneloba ganux-

orcielebeli rCeba, ris Sedegadac Cndeba undoblobis sindromi. tyuilad rodi amboben: “erTxel narkomani - mudam narkomani.’’

amasTan erTad, cxadi xdeba, rom narkomani el-ementarul donezec ki ar aris mzad yoveldRiuri cxovrebisTvis. ubralo saqmis mogvarebac ki gad-auWrel problemad eCveneba. izrdeba krizisi TviT normatiul sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis Tvalsaz-risiTac. narkodamokidebuli adamiani, Tavisi arsiT, martosulia, Tundac mas mravalricxovan ojaxSi uxdebodes cxovreba. narkotikebis ‘’gadagdebis’’ Sem-deg ki igi am martoobas ufro mwvaved ganicdis. unarkotiko cxovrebas nanatri Sveba da sixaruli ar moaqvs. Sedegic logikuria: umravlesoba brundeba iq, saidanac gamoqcevas cdilobda.

yoveli qimikati, romelsac SeuZlia adamianis gan-wyoba Secvalos. Tavisi zemoqmedebis ZaliT, fsiqoaq-tiuria. sazRvari borotad gamoyenebasa da narko-damokidebulebas Soris sakuTar qcevaze kontrolis dakargvaa.Arogorc Cemi pacientebi aRiarebdnen, arcTu iSviaTad narkotikebs im fuliT yidulobdnen, romel-ic mcirewlovani bavSvebis an xanSiSesuli mSoblebis sakvebisTvis hqondaT gadadebuli.

dReisaTvis, narkomanebis mravalricxovani armia SeiZleba oTx did jgufad daiyos:

1. am jgufSi Sedis bunebrivi [opiumi da mis-gan nawarmoebi] da sinTetikuri tkivilgamayuCebeli narkopreparatebi, meTadinisa da subuteqsis CaTvliT. maT Soris mTavari gaxlavT heroini, romelic Zlieri fsiqikuri da fizikuri narkodamokidebulebis mapro-

vocirebelia. evropasa da amerikaSi mas nemsiT ‘’iSx-apuneben,’’ israelSi ki ewevian an cxviriT ‘’isru-taven.’’

2. narkotiki-depresantebi _ esaa damawynarebeli da Zilis momgvreli tabletebi, romelsac narkomani heroinTan da sxva narkotikebTan erTad moixmars, raTa gaiZlieros eiforiuli efeqti. amave jgufSi Sedis alkoholic.

3. stimulatorebi mZime fsiqologiur damokideb-ulebas iwveven da, masTan erTad, fsiqozsac. samxreT amerikis qveynebSi kokaini iTvleba mTavar ‘’quCur’’ narkotikad. sxva qveynebSi igi yvelazeE ZviradRi-rebuli narkotikia. sinTetikuri stimulatorebi-dan yvelgan xmaroben eqstazebs, an amfetaminebisa da efedrinis Semcvel preparatebs _ yovelgvar wamals, romelsac hiperaqtiur bavSvebs uweren yuradRebis koncentraciisTvis [ritalini, nitani da sxv.].

4. kidev erTi jgufi narkotikebisa _ esaa ha-lucinogenebi, romelsac SedarebiT cotani xmaroben. maT ar uviTardebaT mZime fizikuri damokidebuleba. metwilad aq laparakia LSD-s erTjerad gamoyenebaze, rac zogjer fsiqiatriul stacionarSi hospital-izaciiT mTavrdeba. xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos, rom marixuana, anaSa da haSiSi garkveul halucinaciur zemoqmedebas axdens, rac mZime mdgomareobaSi agdebs adamianis organizms.

narkotikebis am jgufebTan erTad, arsebobs kidev mTeli wyeba sxva Cveulebrivi preparatebisa da niv-Tierebebisa, romlebic _ maRali koncentraciiT Ca-sunTqvis SemTxvevaSi _ analogiur eiforiul efeqts iZlevian. Tavze Camoicvamen ra Cveulebriv poli-eTilenis parks, bavSvebi isunTqaven webos orTqls, sarecx saSualebebs da kondicioneris freonis gazsac ki.

dasasrul, unda vicodeT, rom narkotikebi iyo, aris da iqneba. rogor davexmaroT mis tyveobaSi myof adamianebs? rogor davicvaT Cveni Svilebi am safrTx-isagan? modiT, SevexoT am Temasac.

narkodamokidebuli pacientebis mkurnaloba iwyeba

motivaciiT: SedarebiT advilad elevian mavne Cvevas cixis, avadmyofobis an, sulac, gayris SiSiT. diax, mTavari faqtori aq SiSia. Tumca, amasTan erTad, bevri pacienti modis CemTan _ gaucnobiereblad, mxolod Sinagani survilis karnaxiT _ rom Secvalon TavianTi cxovrebis wesi.

narkotikebidan gasufTavebis process detoksi-fikacia hqvia, romelic samedicino zedamxedvelobiT xorcieldeba; Tumca, aris SemTxvevebi, roca narko-manebi saxlebSi iketebian da ‘’mSrali’’ meTodiT‘’ sufTavdebian.’’Ndetoksifikaciis procesi 2-4 kvira grZeldeba. amiT, mTeli problema, samwuxarod, ar am-oiwureba. kidev sakmaod didi droa saWiro reabili-taciisaTvis. dasawyisSi esaa pirveli 90 unarkotiko dRe, pirveli gamarjvebis gemo da WeSmariti moti-vaciis ararseboba. igi unda Camoyalibdes. ai, ratomaa aucilebeli narkomanis yofna profesiul sareabili-tacio centrSi. erT-erT aseT centrSi vmuSaob mec - ager ukve aT welze metia...

sxvaTa Soris, israelSi sareabilitacio procesi mimdinareobs rogorc ambulatoriul, aseve stacio-narul [saavadmyofoSi cxovreba, mkurnaloba] reJimSi. egreT wodebuli ’’dRiuri stacionarebi’’ ekuTvnis rogorc janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis samin-istroebs, aseve sazogadoebriv da kerZo organizacie-bs. pacienti yoveldRiurad 6-8 saaTs imyofeba cen-trSi, gamosasvleli da sadResaswaulo dReebis garda: mimdinareobs jgufuri da individualuri intensiuri mkurnaloba, SromiTi Terapia, SemoqmedebiTi muSaobac ki. sistematurad [yoveldRe] mowmdeba analizebi.

aseve, sacxovrebeli adgilebis mixedviT munici-palitetebTan arsebobs ‘’ambulatoriuli centrebi.’’ aq pacienti kviraSi 2-3- jer gadis jgufur an indi-vidualur mkurnalobis kurss da iRebs analizebs.

sareabilitacio dawesebulebis alternatiuli saxeobaa e.w. ‘’samkurnalo komuna.’’ esaa namdvili sof-lis imitacia _ TviTmomsaxurebiTa da sacxovrebeli kompleqsiT, romelic 80-150 kaczea gaTvlili. aq yofnis vada daaxloebiT wlinaxevriT ganisazRvreba. zogierT aseT dawesebulebaSi aris narkodamokide-buli dedebisa da bavSvebis cxovrebis SesaZlebloba _ 0,5-dan 3 wlamde.

mkurnalobis sistema aq reJimulia da sakmaod mkacri _ yazarmuli.

zogjer narkomanebi, sxvadasxva mizeziT, veRar brundebian saxlSi. yofili narkomanebisTvis gankuT-vnilia egreT wodebuli ‘’Tbili saxli,’’ sadac isini cxovroben da muSaoben, rogorc es miRebulia norma-tiul sazogadoebaSi. saRamoobiT yvelani jgufur mkurnalobas gadian da analizebs iReben narkotike-bze.

sadac ar unda mimdinareobdes reabilitacia, yvelgan arsebobs Taviseburi dinamika. unda gvaxsovdes, rom narkomani Znelad urigdeba grZelvadian reabili-tacias. amitom Cven vcdilobT, pacients mkurnalo-bis pirvelive dRidanve CavunergoT mtkice motivacia. rogorc zemoTac aRvniSneT, yovelTvis ZalaSi rCeba sawyisi 90 dRe narkotikebis sruli SewyvetisaTvis. es pirveli da yvelaze adreuli etapia. momdevno 90 dRis ganmavlobaSi me vxedav, rogor ecvleba narkomans Tavisi Tavisa da garemomcveli sinamdvilis fizikuri aRqma. Semdgom,MDdaaxloebiT 180-dan 270 dRemde, pa-cienti TandaTanobiT iwyebs Sesvlas normatiul sa-zogadoebaSi. reabilitaciis bolo etapi ukve Cvevebis gasamyareblad aris gankuTvnili.

narkotikebis Sewyvetis pirvelive dRidan si-cocxlis bolomde narkomanma mtkiced unda daika-vos adgili ‘’anonimuri narkomanebis’’ TviTdaxmarebis jgufSi. es aris warmatebuli reabilitaciis mTavari kriteriumi, cxadia, urTierTobaTa janmrTel garemosa da normatiuli cxovrebis pirobebTan erTad.

Cemi kolegebi xSirad mekiTxebian _ SeiniSneba Tu ara raime gansakuTrebuli gamovlinebebi qarTvel

17semk

S O Ssaocari qveyanaa saqarTvelo.TiToeul sofels, dabas, qalaqs,

araTu kuTxesa da mxares, mxolod misTvis damaxasiaTebeli niri da iersaxe gamoarCevs.

sityva rom ar gamigrZeldes, erTs vityvi: sul axlo warsulSi adamianebs erTmaneTi uxarodaT, stu-mar-maspinZlobis instituti xom la-mis wmidaTa-wmida ritualis safex-uramde iyo ayvanili, xolo mezob-loba _ axlo naTesaobisa da Wirsa Tu lxinSi Tanaziarobis uiSviaTes

fenomens eyrdnoboda.Cveni saxlis karic

dilidan Ria iyo guliv-iT, SabaT-kviras xom su-lac... ezos bavSvebi ki, ukve rogorc tradicia da bunebrivi aucilebloba, TiTo-TiTod Tu wyvil-wyvilad Semolagdebodnen, uTqmelad abobRdebodnen skamebze da gafacicebiT elodnen ojaxis diasaxli-sisgan dilis nugbarsa da sasusnavebs _ mezoblebi am dros arc kiTxulobdnen TavianT Svilebs _ icod-nen, sadac iqnebodnen, isic moexsenebodaT, ramden xans dayovndebodnen Cvensas, balRebic erT-or leqssa Tu cekva-simReras dagvi-

tovebdnen “gasamrjelod” da JRu-rtuliT gaeseodnen ezos... ase vcx-ovrobdiT.

magram cxovrebas Tavisi katakl-izmebic gaaCnia.

adamiani ki asea ‘’mowyobili’’ _ mas wamSi SeuZlia mospos asi aTase-bi, gaanadguros da nacrad aqcios wlobiT naSenebi, magram, amasTan, saoperacio magidasTan erTi patara sicocxlis gadasarCenad cxra saaTi dahyos da ibrZolos!.. ras vizamT. esaa Cveni, adamianuri yofis Suq-

Crdilebi _ CvenSi xom RvTaebrivic budobs da eSmakeulic, gaaCnia, ro-dis ra, an sad ra Warbobs _ siZul-vili Tu siyvaruli.

xolo am patara qarTvels _ Tbi-lisel gurul biWs giorgi fircx-alaiSvils _ wlisa da sami Tvisac rom araa jer da ori qveynis keTili adamianebi exmarebian, _ marika bebia da Teona dediko Tu mouTxroben wlebis Semdeg, rogorc erT ucnaur da daujerebel sizmars, Tu:

2010 wlis 8 aprils, xuTSabaT dRes, israelSi, Tel avivis “volf-sonis’’ saavadmyofoSi cxra saaTis ganmavlobaSi sikvdil-sicocxlis mijnaze rogori unikaluri da uZne-lesi operacia Cautarda amave saa-vadmyofos eqim-qirurgis _ lior sa-sonisa da medpersonalis mier...

mouTxroben, Tu im xnis manZilze rogor mTlianad ‘’gamouswores’’ bunebis mier daSvebuli yvela Sec-doma, lafsusi, rogor Tavis adg-ilze “daulages’’ gulis sarqvelebi, sisxlZarRvebi da aRmofxvres yvela anomalia...

arc imas daumalaven, ukve Sua operaciisas eqim sasons rogori uimedoba dauflebia: CauTvlia, rom bavSvi bolomde ver gauZlebda aseT warmoudgenlad rTul da xangrZliv datvirTvas da kinaRam... da mainc, rogorc Tavadve uRiarebia Semdgom,

sul sxva siTbosa da siyvaruls gadauZlevia, _ giorgis im Wkvianur gamoxedvas, araCveulebriv aRna-gobasa da ulamazes saxis nakvTebs, mTeli ganyofilebis eqimebi rom mou-nusxavs... da bolomde gauriskavs da uflis nebiTa da dastaqruli osta-tobiT gaumarjvia kidec!

giorgi 20 aprils, israelis damoukideblobis dRes vinaxule. ma-Sin igi reanimaciis ganyofilebaSi imyofeboda. male Tbiliss daubrun-deba da RmerTma inebos, samomavlod, israelSi mxolod Tavisi eqimisa da ieruSalaimis mosanaxuleblad dab-rundes...

mjera, igi kargi qarTveli gaiz-rdeba _ samSobloc eyvareba da ada-mianic, da yvela im saficarsac mou-frTxildeba, rac kacis kacobas amS-venebs.

rogorc guruls, arc molxena SeeSleba da simRera xom miT umetes.

es sityvebi ki, am werilis weri-sas laitmotivad rom amekviata, is-raelisa da lior sasonis gaxsene-bisas waiRiRine xolme, Cemi lamazi saqarTvelos lamazo biWo:

“JuJuna wvima movida,didi mindori danama...”Semdeg _ rogorc teqstSia...

nugzar janaSvili

ebrael narkomanTa Soris?obieqturi statistikuri monacemebi am Temaze

ar arsebobs. Cvens TemSi am tipis raime samuSao ar Catarebula, Tumca, rogorc yvela sxva eTnikur jgufSi, ra Tqma unda, aqac aris Taviseburebebi. narkologiis dargSi momuSave specialistebs Soris figurirebs azri, rom iemenidan da saqarTvelodan gamosuli narkomanebi yvelaze Znelad eqvemdebare-bian mkurnalobas.

Cven, Cveni arsiT, konservatiuli Temi varT da wmindad vinaxavT Cvens tradiciebs, rogorc dResas-waulebSi, aseve mwuxarebis dros. amasTan, yvelani erTmaneTs vicnobT, naTesauri Tu sxva ZafebiT mt-kiced varT erTmaneTTan dakavSirebulni da Zalian vufrTxildebiT Cveni ojaxebis reputacias. amitom gviZneldeba daxmarebisa da rCevisaTvis mivmarToT vinmes, roca ojaxSi narkotikebis problema iCens Tavs. Cvenda samwuxarod, swor gzaze mxolos ram-denime wlis dagvianeiT vdgebiT, roca vrwmundebiT, rom Cvenma sakuTarma mcdelobam saqme gauaresebisken waiyvana.

zogierTi ojaxi pasiuri Carevis meTods irCevs, imis imediT, rom asakis momatebasTan erTad mozardi daWkviandeba da problema TavisTavad moixsneba. zogjer cdiloben, narkomani Zvirfasi ‘’satyuara-Ti’’ moisyidon _ magaliTad, manqaniT, zogi deda ki gzasacdenili Svilis gamosworebas mis saxeldaxelo SeuRlebasa da daqorwinebaSi xedavs. ra Tqma unda, yvela darwmunebulia, rom maTi ojaxuri situacia maT garda aravin icis, ase iketebian sakuTar naWuWSi

da TviTonve ixSoben gadarCenis gzas _ problema ki isev problemad rCeba. bevri Cemi pacienti aRi-arebs, rom sirTule narkotikebSi ki ar aris, aramed cxovrebis wesSi.

sinamdvileSi ojaxs SeuZlia narkomanis dax-mareba. amisaTvis saWiroa problemis gacnobiereba da im azrTan Segueba, rom narkomania mZime daavadebaa, romelsac mxolod ori niSnuli aqvs _ garTuleba da remisia _ da rom ar arsebobs sruli gankurnebis Sansi. sityvam moitana da erTsac vityvi: zogjer ojaxuri TavSeyrebis mamapapur tradicias da sas-melebian sufrasTan mravalsaaTian jdomas wonas-worobidan gamohyavs ‘’gasufTavebuli’’ narkomani. me xSirad vadareb narkodamokidebulebas Saqris diabet-Tan: xom aravis mouva azrad, tkbileuli daaZalos avadmyofs, romelic insulins ikeTebs.

meore mxriv, iSviaTi araa, roca narkomani tovebs Tavis saxls da aRar ubrundeba ojaxs, radgan um-Zims imis Ycqera da gagoneba, ra tkivili miayena axloblebs. yvelaferi unda viRonoT, rom narkomanma moindomos Sin dabruneba, _ miviRoT, gavugoT da gavi-TavisoT.

ramdenime sityva im garemos mniSvnelobaze, sadac ‘’gasufTavebul’’ narkomans uxdeba yofna: zogi gaurbis ‘’keTrovanTan’’ urTierTobas, zogs ki ecodeba igi. arc erTia swori da arc meore. sasurvelia, rom sazogadoeba mzad iyos daexmaros da mxarSi amoudges ‘’sufTa’’ narkomans, dauaxlovdes mas da ar CaiZiros raRac crurwmenebsa da stereotipebSi.

vubrundebi ra ojaxis did rols Cvens TemSi,

me mivmarTav yvela mSobels: gjerodeT, rom Sei-

Zleba ubedurebis Tavidan acileba. mozardebi 12-

14 wlis asakidan iwyeben prioritetebis SerCevas.

kargi, janmrTeli ojaxuri atmosfero mas daexmareba,

umtkivneulod gaumklavdes quCis cdunebebs. gvaxs-

ovdes, rom narkomanebad ar ibadebian. Tu problema

ukve momwifda, nu gadadebT _ dauyovnebliv mimarTeT

daxmarebisTvis. profesionali narkologebi, eqimebi

da fsiqologebi usaTuod dagexmarebian. nu ahyvebiT

‘’mcodne’’ xalxis rCevebs. guli mtkiva, rodesac

vxedav kargi potencialis axalgazrdebs, kbils rom

usinjaven metadons _ heroinis Semcvlels _ da

Tavis Tavs ver erevian.

dasasrul, ramdenime sityva Cems Sesaxeb:

davibade quTaisSi, davamTavre leningradis uni-

versitetis fsiqologiis fakulteti. vmuSaobdi

Tbilisis fsiqiatriis institutSi da moskovis

mecnierebaTa akademiaSi. var fsiqologiisa da so-

ciologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori. Tbilisis samo-

qalaqo omma, bevr sxva ‘‘sikeTesTan’’ erTad, Cemi samec-

niero karierac Seaferxa. vmoRvaweobdi kanadasa da

belgiaSi. amJamad ganvageb sareabilitacio centrs

iafoSi, maqvs kerZo klinika naTaniaSi. Cemi profesiu-

li kompetenciis farglebSi vmkurnalob narkomanebs

_ maT, visac esaWiroeba moklevadiani Terapia. mox-

aruli viqnebi, swor gzaze davayeno Cveni Tanamemamu-

leni da yvela, visac esaWiroeba Cemi daxmareba.

emzar eligulaSvili

meored dabadeba

israelis medpersonali cxra saaTis manZilze ibrZoda patara qarTvelis gadasarCenad

2010 wlis 6-13 maiss, Tel-avivSi, sastumro ‘’metropolitanis’’ sxdoma-Ta darbazSi, mimdinareobda VII saer-TaSoriso samedicino konferencia. monawileTa Soris iyo 44 stumari saqarTvelodan. sxdomebs 100-mde kaci eswreboda.

konferencia gaxsna misma ucvlel-ma Tavmjdomarem, proeqtis avtorma da organizatorma, qirurgiis erovnu-li centris sisxlZarRvTa qirurgiis ganyofilebis xelmZRvanelma da qiru-rgTa saerTaSoriso kolejis [q. Cik-ago, aSS] namdvilma wevrma _ prof. givi wiwuaSvilma [TanaTavmjdomaree-

bi _ prof. merab sareli da prof. robert eligeri]. misasalmebeli si-tyviT gamovidnen profesorebi david baazovi [israeli] da manana maxvilaZe [saqarTvelo].

dRidan daarsebisa, konferencie-bis orgkomitets aqtiurad uWers mx-ars saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio kongresi. batoni moSe [miSiko] miri-laSvili am proeqtis didi enTuzias-ti brZandeboda da yovel Rones xma-robda konferenciebis maRal doneze warmarTvisaTvis. semk-is prezidentis movaleobis Semsruleblis _ b-n Gga-briel mirilaSvilisa da generaluri

direqtoris _ b-n jemal ajiaSvilis damsaxurebaa, rom konferenciebi kv-lav Seuferxeblad da warmatebiT tardeba. sagangebod unda iTqvas cno-bili mecnierebis _ david baazovis, Salva mardis da merab sarelis wv-lilze. aRsaniSnavia saqarTveloSi israelis saelCosa [b-ni icxak ger-beri] da sakonsulos [q-ni mixail kali] mxardaWera.

konferenciis samuSao enebi iyo qarTuli da inglisuri. Tematika, wina konferenciebis msgavsad, multidis-ciplinaruli gaxldaT, _ monawile-Ta azriT, amgvari midgoma mizanSe-wonilia, vinaidan igi sxvadasxva spe-cialobis warmomadgenlebs sruliad mokle droSi urTierTgacnobisa da azrTa gaziarebis karg SesaZleblobas aZlevs.

ganxilul iqna 14 moxseneba _ di-agnostikisa da mkurnalobis axali, originaluri meTodebi medicinis sxvadasxva dargSi [ofTalmologia, onkologiuri qirurgia, laparosko-

piuli da Torakoskopiuli qirurgia,

kardiologia, sefsisi da sxv.]. iyo

saintereso diskusiebi, daisaxa per-

speqtivebi.

dasasrul, orgkomitetis xelmZ-

Rvanelobam madloba gadauxada yve-

las da monawileebi saTanado serti-

fikatiT daajildova.

konferenciis daxurvis Semdeg

stumrebma daaTvalieres israelis

RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebi, iyvnen

wamyvan samedicino centrebSi, daam-

yares piradi kontaqtebi. maT aRfr-

Tovaneba gamoTqves israelis miRw-

evebis gamo, sagangebod gausves xazi

qarTveli ebraeli eqimebis warmate-

bebs, romelTac mokle droSi umaR-

les saerTaSoriso dones miaRwies

da wamyvani poziciebi uWiravT bevr

samedicino dargSi.

damTavrda saintereso da STabe-

WdilebebiT savse kvireuli, romel-

sac Tan axlda tradiciuli megobro-

bisa da siyvarulis xibli.

saqarTvelo-israelis VII

saerTaSoriso konferenciamecnierul-praqtikuli urTierTobani medicinaSi

realoba da perspeqtivebi

gazeTi Seicavs Toris wminda sityvebs. gTxovT gaufrTxildeT!

18

istoriis damRlel mara-Tonebze, tanjviTa da tragizmiT Sejerebul aTaswleulebSi, gamJRavnda ori ganfeniloba ebrauli sulisa: konkretul-lokaluri da zedroul-kosmi-uri; oriveni dRemde erTmaneTis gverdigverd moabijeben, ras-ac Tundac meoce saukunis ori ebraeli mwerlis _ Semuel agnon-isa da isaak zingeris [nobelis premiis laureatebi] Semoqmede-baze zerele Tvalis gadavleba adasturebs: Tu pirvelis xedva zedroul-bibliuri pirvelsaw-yisebisken aris miqceuli, meo-re, umetesad, konkretuli ga-remos _ e. w. daba-dasaxlebebis [‘’местечковый’’] umdidresi xalx-uri iumoriTaa STagonebuli. rac Seexeba saqarTvelos ebraels, igi

Tavisi cxovrebis wesiT yovelT-vis pirvelisaken ufro ixreboda, radgan mis warmosaxvaSi gaqvave-buli iyo sizmareuli xsovna im Zvelbibliuri cxovrebis xatisa, oriaTaseqvsasi wlis winaT rom Semoitana mcxeTis sanaxebSi:

da uTxra ufalma moses: war-sdeq xalxTan da ganwminde igi dRes da xval, da ganispetakon samoseli.

da ganemzadon mesame dRisaT-vis, rameTu mesame dRes gardam-ova ufali xalxis winaSe sinais mTaze.

da garemoavle sartyeli xalxs da uTxar: ekrZaleT mTaze asvlas da ar SeexoT mis kides. yoveli, romelic miekareba mas, sikvdiliT aResruleba.

ukeTu xeli Seexeba mas, qviT

Caiqoleba an isriT Seimusreba _ gina pirutyvi iyos, gina adami-ani, cocxali ver gadarCeba. Dda rodesac gabmiT Semohkravs buki, maSin amovidnen mTaze.

da Cavida mose mTidan xalx-Tan da akurTxa xalxi da maT ganispetakes samoseli.

da mimarTa man xalxs: ganemza-deTMEmesame dRisaTvis da ar gaekaroT qals.

da ai, mesame dRes, ganTiadisas, caze gaielva da iWeqa, cis tat-nobs ruxi Rrubeli gadaefara, da naRaris xma mZlavrad gaisma, da xalxi TrTolviT Seirxa.

da gamoiyvana mosem xalxi banakidan RmerTTan Sesaxvedrad da daayena mTis Ziras.

sinais mTas ki buRi asdioda, viTarca Rumels, da mTeli mTa

“bibliaSi, RvTaebrivi samarTlis am wignSi, laparakia xalxze, iseTi maRali rangis sagnebsa da azrebze, rom arc berZnul da arc indoeTis literaturas ar ZaluZs daupirispiros mas raime.

da ai, dgaxar gaognebuli da TayvaniscemiT aRsavse im giganturi narCenebis winaSe, rac odesRac iyo adamiani, da eflobi naRvlian fiqrebSi Zveli drois aRmosavleTze...

bibliis gageba aris sasinji qva, romelzec mowmdeba yvelaferi _ didic da mcirec.’’fridrix nicSe

Toris gadmosacemad yovladZlierma aarCia ara sididiTa da simaRliT gamorCeu-li romelime mwvervali, aramed momcro da ,,mokrZalebuli~ sinais mTa.

sakiTxavia: Tuki adgili, saidanac uflis xeliT xalxs Tora unda boZeboda, saWiroebs ,,Tavmdablobas~, maSin, saerTod, ra SuaSia aq mTa? dablobSic _ xeobaSi an gaSlil, vake alagzec xom SeeZloT Toris miReba ebrael-ebs?; da, piriqiT _ Tuki aucilebeli iyo sia-mayisa da sulieri amaRlebis xazgasma, ratom ar unda agveRo mwvervalebs Soris yvelaze maRali mTa?

pasuxi aseTia: Toris misaRebad saWiro iyo iseTi adgili, romelic orive sawyiss aer-Tianebs. sinai, erTis mxriv, yvelaze dabalia mwvervalebidan, meore mxriv ki, rac ar unda iyos, ase Tu ise, _ mainc mTaa.

aseTive Tvisebebi moeTxoveba TiToeul CvenTagans, roca wmida wignebs viRebT xelSi; unda SegveZlos Cvens arsebaSi usazRvrosa da zRvrulis, anu sulieri da materialuri sawyisebis harmoniuli SekavSireba, rameTu ToraSi Cabudebuli RvTiuri sibrZnis Ses-wavla uzarmazar Zalisxmevas, mtkice SemarTe-basa da aRmasvlisaken miswrafebas moiTxovs; yovel cismare dRes, mefe davidis msgavsad, unda SevTxovdeT ufals: ,,aRmixile Tvalni da vWvretde saocrebebs Seni sjulisas; sjuli uflisa srulyofilia, suls ganamtkicebs...~ (,,Tehilim~; 119:18, 19:8).

Toris mTaze boZebiT gvemcno, rom aucilebelia gagvaCndes ,,mTismieri~ Zala da qeduxreloba (metismeti moridebuloba xom erTgvari naklovanebacaa?!). aseTi siamaye, an, Tu gnebavT _ qedmaRloba, araviTar SemTxveva-Si ar ewinaaRmdegeba Cvengan moTxovnil Tav-mdablobas; igi ar gaxlavT didgulobisa da

ampartavnobis Sedegi; es siamayea jariskacisa, romelic asrulebs mTavarsardlis brZanebas; siamayea ebraelisa, romelic uflis neba-sur-vils emorCileba.

traqtati ,,firkei avoT~ (,,mamaTa Segone-bani~), iwyeba sityvebiT: ,,moSem miiRo Tora si-nais mTaze...~

SeiZleba vikiTxoT: nuTu es aris mTa-vari? umjobesi xom ar iqneboda imis Sexsen-eba, rom Tora uSualod samyaros Semoqmedis xeliT gveboZa?

brZenTa ganmartebiT, moSe rabenus _ `Cveni maswavleblis~ _ moxseniebaSi gansa-kuTrebuli miniSnebaa Cadebuli: yoveli ebrae-li valdebulia icodes _ Tuki surs miiRos Tavis mama-papaTa sulieri memkvidreoba, unda iaros kidec imave gzebiT, ra gzebiTac dadio-da didi winaswarmetyveli. moSes kargad es-moda, rom miuxedavad misi sidiadisa, sakuTari araferi ebada; uflis mier micemuli goneba da Zalebi imisTvis gaaCnda, raTa emoqmeda amqveynad da, Toris brZanebis Tanaxmad, uke-Tesobisaken Seecvala samyaro. _ amitom iyoo winaswarmetyvelTa mefe yvelaze Tavmdabali adamiani dedamiwis zurgze.

manamde, vidre kacobriobas Tora eboZe-boda, yovlisSemZlis nebiT _ ca da dedamiwa _ sulieri laSqari da materialuri sawyisi _ ar unda gaerTianebuliyo. sinais mTasTan es akrZalva moixsna. Toris miRebisTanave qveynierebam erTianoba da sisrule moipova:

ca daixara, Tavi daukra da Tayvani sca dedamiwas;dedamiwa aizida, aRemarTa da Seegeba cas;wertili maTi Sexebisa _ mTa sinaisa.Toras, Tavisi arsiT, arc dasasruli

aqvs da arc zRvari, igi ,,caTa mwvervalebia...

SavuoTi

da moixmo ufalma mose . . .

qvesknelze uRrmesia... dedamiwaze vrceli da

zRvebze farToa~ (`iob~; 11:8,9). masSi adami-

anuri eniT gadmocemulia samyaros Seqmnisa da

agebulebis saidumloeba, Jamuxsovari movlen-

ebi, kanon-debulebebi da brZnuli Segonebani;

Cabudebulia RvTiuri sibrZne, gamudmebeli

kavSiri zecasTan, _ sulierebas rom aziarebs

kacobriobas. TviT saxelwodeba ,,Tora~ war-

momavlobs Zvelebrauli sityvidan ,,horaa~ da

`codnis gadacemis~, `Cvenebis~, ,,miTiTebis~,

,,darigebis~ garda, ,,mfarvelobasac~ niSnavs

(,,zohari~ _ `naTeba~, `ciali~; 111, 53b).

bibliis centrSi moqceulia adamiani _

Tavisi sixaruliTa da mwuxarebiT, aRmafreni-

Ta da dacemiT, siyvaruliTa da siZulviliT,

adamiani _ sikeTiT amaRlebuli, SeSinebuli,

da mainc imediani.

amitom aris iudaizmi is moZRvreba,

romelmac WeSmaritad inteleqtualuri revo-

lucia moaxdina kacobriobis istoriaSi,

romelsac daesesxnen da mis winaSe valSi ar-

ian sxva religiebi. Zneli warmosadgenia, ra

iqneboda qveyniereba, rom ar mohfenoda mas

am moZRvrebis Suqi, adamianebs rom ara smeno-

daT ra gulmowyale Semoqmedze, romelic

Tavis gaCenilTagan moiTxovs mxolod samar-

Tlianobasa da keTil saqmeebs. amitomacaa

bibliis wignebi yvelaze mimzidveli, ufro

da ufro rom ipyrobs kacTa modgmis gonebas;

mis sibrZneSi wvdomiT adamiani iwyebs Tavis

TavSi garkvevas, sakuTari arsebisa da gar-

emomcveli samyaros Secnobas da am samyaroSi

kuTvnili adgilis povnas.

irakli (icxak) krixeli

niu iorki

"razom didebulia es wigni! giganturi da usazRvro, viTarca TviT sam-yaro, fesvebiT SeWrili pirvelyofil qaosSi da mwvervaliT SemarTuli ze-cis lurj laJvardSi! mzis amosvla da Casveneba, dabadeba da sikvdili, kacobrio-bis mTeli drama, - yvelaferi Serwymulia am wignSi, WeSmaritad igi wignTa wignia."

hainrix haine

Toris boZebis dResaswauli

zanzarebda.

da naRaris xma sul ufro

da ufro mZlavrdeboda, mose

laparakobda da RmerTi mas xmiT

miugebda.

da gardmovida ufali sinais

mTaze, mTis Txemze, da moixmo

ufalma mose, da avida mose mTis

mwvervalze...

[gamosvlaTa, Tavi 19].

diax, qarTveli ebraelis cno-

bierebaSi mkafiod iyo aRbeWdi-

li is DdRe, ufali rom gamoecx-

ada udabnoSi mis winaprebs, da

TiTqos Caesmoda mose msjulmde-

blis sityvebi, Toris miRebisas

rom ganucxada uflis sinaTliT

dabrmavebul ebraelebs: ‘’dRes

iqmeniT Tqven erad, rameTu miiReT

Tora...’’ Tora _ e.i. sulieri moZ-

Rvreba.

rogorc vxedavT, es suliere-

ba _ ebraelobis, rogorc eris,

TviT genezisSivea gacxadebuli

da ramdenadme scildeba erisa

da erovnulobis Cveneul gagebas,

rac geografiul-teritoriul

Tu sxva lokalur kategoriebzea

dafuZnebuli...

j.a.

sinais mTis saidumlo

moambe

19semk

k v a l i

axali locva - interieri

axali locva

SoTa bostanaSvili

axali locva - fasadi

Zveli locva - fasadi

Zveli locva

daibada 1948 w. qalaq TbilisSi. 1972 wels daamTavra saqarT-velos politeqnikuri institu-ti, arqiteqtoris specialobiT.saqarTvelos teqnikuri uni-versitetis sruli profesori, arqiteqturis saerTaSoriso akademiebis profesori, wevr-korespondenti, sruli wevri (1997-98). saqarTvelos saxelm-wifo premiis da mravali saer-TaSoriso premiis laureati (1983, 1985, 1987, 2003, 2006 ww.)asamde SemoqmedebiTi proeqtisa da realizaciis avtori.Rirsebis ordenis kavaleri.

”moambis” redaqciis survils, rom gan-vagrZoT werilebis seria sinagogebisa da sasaflaoebis Sesaxeb, - gansakuTrebiT saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebuli Zegleb-is garSemo, rogorc konkretuli, ise zogad-kulturologiuri aspeqtebis gaSuqebiT - yve-laferTan erTad piradi pativiscemis niSnadac vRebulob da Cems mzadyofnas vucxadeb.

wina werilis saTaurma k/vali, rogorc Cans kargad imuSava da amitom mas rubrikis aRmniSvnelad gamoviyenebT.

gazeTis gverdis zeda kuTxeSi dabeWdili logo - sicocxlis xisa da menoris erTiani niSani, romelic gauZRveba Cveni werilebis ru-brikas, Seiqmna 1990 wels saqarTvelos ebrael-Ta materialuri kulturis centris daarse-basTan dakavSirebiT. centri atarebs cnobili semitologis, aw gansvenebuli nisan babalikaS-vilis saxels, vinc pirvelma gaikvlia is gza, romelsac vcdilob movuaro. SemoTavazebuli logo, romelic misi memorialis grafikuli adekvatia, pativis migebis simboloc iqneba didi mecnieris mimarT.

winamdebare werilSi visaubrebT im gad-audebel problemaze, romelic Seexeba sina-gogebis sadReiso mdgomareobas saqarTveloSi. ufro sxartad ase vTqvaT: salocavi axla.

salocavi axla ufro didi sazrunavia, roca is galuTSi darCa. axla saqarTvelo-Si ocdaerTi sinagoga - salocavi saxlia da Cvidmeti adgili, sadac es saxlebi dganan. Cam-ovTvaloT es adgilebi (dasaxlebebi) anbanuri mimdevrobiT - istoriisTvis: axalcixe, baTumi, banZa, gori, vani, Tbilisi, kulaSi, lailaSi, oni, saCxere, soxumi, surami, sujuna, foTi, qareli, quTaisi, cxinvali. aqve aRvniSnoT, rom es ricxvi oTxjer naklebia imaze, rac asi wlis win iyo zaqaria WiWinaZis aRweriT.

axla Cemi ocwliani mecnieruli kvleva-Ziebis, gamokiTxvis da dakvirvebis Sedegebi davajgufod sam kategoriad: 1. sinagogebi, romelTa nakvalevic gaqra (an qreba); 2. sina-gogebi, romlebic dganan da aRar moqmedeben; 3. moqmedi sinagogebi. ganvixiloT es jgufebi cal-calke da davasaxeloT maT Soris Zeg-lis Rirsebis mqone Senobebi, romlebic aseTi statusis Rirsni arian da mis miniWebas unda elodnen.

pirvel kategorias (dakarguli sinagoge-bi) ganekuTvnebian: Tbilisi (oTxi), cxinvali (ramdenime), banZa, saCxere (ori), senaki da sox-umi (savaraudod).

meore kategoria (umoqmedo sinagogebi) - lailaSi, banZa, sujuna, kulaSi (ramdenime), vani, surami, qareli, axalcixe (ori), foTi, ba-Tumi, quTaisi (ori) da oni.

mesame kategoria (moqmedi) - Tbilisi (ori) da quTaisi (erTi), gori (drodadro).

baTumis, goris, foTis da quTaisis sina-gogaTa Senobebi inarCuneben moqmedebas xese-dis funqcionirebis reJimSi. maT ricxvs unda mivakuTvnoT onis da axalcixis umoqmedo si-nagogebic. sadReisod tradiciuli saxiT da SemadgenlobiT (rabini, xaxami, Talmidi, gabai da a.S.) moqmedebas ganagrZobs mxolod Tbili-sis ori sinagoga.

Cveni Semdgomi sistemuri svliT gansa-kuTrebuli xuroTmoZRvruli Senobebi aRvniS-noT. es gaxlavT (pirvel rigSi): axalcixe (ori), lailaSi, quTaisi (sami), oni. meore rig-Si: vani, banZa, Tbilisi, baTumi.

ganvixiloT saqarTvelos sinagogebi TanmimdevrobiT, - xuroTmoZRvruli Rirsebe-bis kvalobaze.

axalcixeaxalcixel ebraelTa pirveli sacxovri-

si awyuri gaxldaT. awyuris xids gaRma, cixis marjvena ferdze, WalaSi dRemde SemorCenilia ebrauli saflavis qvebi, iseTive or-sam safex-uriani zikuratebi, rogoric axalcixis sasa-flaozea (ix. moambe #1, 2010).

axalcixel qarTvel ebraelebs vaxuSti batoniSvili moixseniebs. zaqaria WiWinaZe ax-alcixeli ebraelebis cxovrebas axasiaTebs, rogorc ”Zlier daqveiTebuls”, ”gaRatake-buls”. iehuda Corni ki mraval uaryofiT daxasiaTebas iZleva maTze. ”axalcixeSi erTi Zveli locvis Senoba vnaxe, romlis aSenebis dro aravis axsovda, locvis Senobis SigniT, dasavleTis mxareze mdebare qvaze ki aRniS-nuli iyo aSenebis TariRi 5501 e. i. 1741 - 42 wlebi” - wers iehuda Corni 1870 wels. aseTi kritikis fonze (miT umetes) aRtacebis Rirsia is didebuli salocavebi da saflavis qvebi, romlebic sxva ebraul regionebs am Tvalsaz-risiT auferuleben.

axalcixe aSkarad gamoikveTeba, rogorc saqarTvelos ebraelTa kulturuli centri yvela niSniT: sinagogebisa da sasaflaoebis monumenturi arqiteqturiT; TbilisSi sinago-gis pirveli kapitaluri nagebobis - ”axalcix-elebis locvis” mSeneblobiT (1904 - 1913); ko-boSvilis ferweriT; saarqivo fotosuraTebze SemorCenili Cacmulobis kulturiT da saxel-ganTqmuli kulinariiT; legendebis SeTxzvisa da Txrobis unikaluri maneriT; qarTuli enis siZveleebiT, romelic axalcixel ebraelTa zepir metyvelebas SemorCa ukanasknel dromde; da rac mTavaria, sulieri simaRleebiT: Talm-id-xaxam-rabinebad xeldasxmis tradiciuli in-stitutiT; mTeli Tavisi bunebiT, nebiT, Toris kiTxvisa Tu saSabaTo simRerebis niguniT.

am axalcixur samyaroSi - rabaTSi - qalaqis Zvel ubanSi - ebraelTa uZveles dasax-lebaSi gasuli saukunis oTxmociani wlebis bolomde (galuTis dasasrulamde) xSirad Sev-sulvar. swored im dros vwerdi: ”rogorc Cans, axlandeli moqmedi sinagoga, romlis aSenebis zust TariRs ver mivakvlieT, aSenebuli unda iyos 1880-ian wlebSi, amas adasturebs Seno-bis arqiteqturac (kar-fanjris sapireTa qvis profilebi). igi warmoadgens qva-kiriT nageb Senobas da, gansxvavebiT sxva sinagogebisagan, gamoricxavs yovelgvar ekleqtikas, warmoad-gens klasicisturi xuroTmoZRvrebis nimuSs da exmianeba uZveles tradiciebs - “sinagogis wyobaSi unda iyos mkacri ubraloeba”. am si-nagogas axalcixeli ebraelebi moixseniebdnen saxeliT - “axali locva”.

Senobis zomebia 19.9×15.3 m., simaRle 6.7 m. (saxuraviT 9.7 m.). salocav darbazSi, rom-lis farTobia 225.0 m2, aRsaniSnavia Zalze Se-maRlebuli Teba (2 m.), sinagogas aqvs qalTa galerea, romelic gamoirCeva xis aJuruli kazmulobiT.

rac Seexeba Cornis axalcixur STabe-Wdilebebs, - savsebiT samarTlianad SeniSnavs b-ni icxak davidi: ”...rom igi SesaZloa dam-yareboda movlenaTa Sefasebis, rogorc zogad ebraul kriteriumebs, aseve Sida rusulsac”.

axalcixeSi meore brwyinvale sinagogaa - “Zveli locva” aseve qva-kiriT nagebi. misi zomebia 13.5×12.5 m., simaRle - 7.3 m. (saxuraviT 10 m.), darbazis farTobia 117.7 m2. am SenobaSi mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi krivis darbazi iyo gamarTuli. ai ras gvamcnobs gauqmebuli Sesasvlelis Tavze aRbeWdili warwera: “saxli uflisa. saxeliTa uflisaTa warmatebiT aigo axalcixis wminda mrevlis salocavis Senoba 5623” e. i. 1862-63 w. warwera (45) gamoikvlia nisan babalikaSvilma.

gadaWarbebuli ar iqneba Tu vityviT, rom axalcixis es Zveli sinagoga arqiteqturis namdvili Sedevria, xuroTmoZvrebis saxieri nimuSia, - ara mxolod sinagogaTa Soris da ara mxolod Cvens teritoriaze - saerTod.

SoTa bostanaSvilifotosuraTebi da anazomebi Sesrulebulia avtoris mier

Cveni beiT mikdaSebi

gazeTi Seicavs Toris wminda sityvebs. gTxovT gaufrTxildeT!

moambe

20

niu iorkis "karnegi holisken" sruliad damsaxurebulad

- Temur, dReisaTvis TqvenisTana pirovnebas, aseT cnobil da cnobad saxes, Tavisuflad SeuZlia gadaxe-dos Tavis ganvlil cxovrebas. Semoq-medebiTi biografiiT metad mdidari xarT. TqvenTvis gamorCeulad mniS-vnelovans ras gaixsenebdiT?

- neba miboZeT, visargeblo SemTx-veviT da uRrmesi madloba vuTxra yvelas, vinc pativiscema da erTgule-ba gamoxata Cemi pirovnebisa da Semo-qmedebis mimarT. gansakuTrebiT ki maT, vinc Cems gverdiT iyo CemTvis rTul momentebSi. mogexsenebaT, mT-lad dalxenilad aravin cxovrobs. aseT dros, udidesi stimulia, rode-sac grZnob adamianTa keTilganwyobas. vcdilob, yovelTvis da yvelgan gam-ovxato maT mimarT madliereba.

vfiqrob, erT-erTi ZiriTadi, rac adamians da, miT ufro, xelovans mo-eTxoveba, aris is, rom yovelTvis iyos “formaSi,’’ mowesrigebuli, Tavis si-maRleze, Torem 20 wlisac bevri gv-inaxavs ‘’daberebuli”, motexili da “gatexili”. vinmem rom mkiTxos, _ Tav-idan rom daiwyo, ras Secvlidio, _ vupasuxebdi, rom arafers. arasodes micxovria xelovanisa da musikosis wesebiT. pirvel rigSi unda iyo _ wesieri, vaJkacuri, sityvis patroni, erTguli, giyvardes qveyana, ojaxi, megobrebi da akeTebde xalxisaTvis sasargeblo saqmes. me Cemi principe-biT Zalian bevrs mivaRwie. amiT, ra Tqma unda, vamayob. mTlianad TviT-naswavli musikosi var da mxolod Cemi disciplinisa da Tavdauzogavi Sromis Sedegia mTeli Cemi sagita-ro xelovneba. Dda, roca amas xalxic afasebs, amaze didi bedniereba xom ar arsebobs... magram aris Cems cxovreba-Si erTi didi “laqa”. Cems asakSi, Cemi rangis musikosi, finansurad Zalian SeZlebulad unda cxovrobdes. ar ifiqroT, rom Cemi cxovrebis wess vnanob, _ araviTar SemTxvevaSi! ma-gram, imdenad ukuRmarTad da araswo-rad aris mowyobili Soubiznesi, rom ar arsebobs didi xelovani didi fu-liT. Mme amaSi Cemma mware gamocdile-bam damarwmuna. magram imeds ar vkar-gav. mova dro, mec meqneba saSuale-ba qvelmoqmedi gavxde da davexma-ro im adamianebs, visac Cvenze metad uWirs. Aarc me micxovria dalxenili cxovrebiT da Tu finansurad fexze davdgebi, Zalian bevrs Sevuqmni ada-

mianuri cxovrebis pirobebs...dReisaTvis Tavaweuli, garkveu-

li siamayis grZnobiTac ki davdivar: moviare TiTqmis mTeli msoflio, vukrav prestiJul darbazebSi, var ramdenime brendis saxe, davimsaxure Zalian bevri tituli da Tavisuflad vambob: Cemi kariera, rogorc xelo-vanisa, Sedga. im pirobebSi, romelSic me gavizarde, amis miRweva TiTqmis SeuZlebeli iyo. damerwmuneT, erTa-derTi Tu ara, erT-erTi mainc var, romelmac msgavs viTarebaSi aseT warmatebas miaRwia...

- Tavad veswrebodi 2010 wlis 20 ianvars Tqvens solo-koncerts Tbili-sis filarmoniaSi, romelmac Tavbru-damxvevi warmatebiT Caiara. koncerti faqtiurad Tqveni meeqvse albomis pr-ezentacia iyo. kidev erTxel gilo-cavT axali albomis gamoSvebas. al-baT gaqvT saTqmeli am koncertisa da am albomis Sesaxeb.

- Zalian bevri. Udidi madlo-ba am SekiTxvisTvis. minda giTxraT, rom saqarTveloSi bevri momRerali da solisti ver daitrabaxebs, rom Catarebuli hqondes 6 solo-koncer-ti filarmoniis did sakoncerto darbazSi da erTic konservatoriis did darbazSi. bednieri var, rom Cemi meeqvse koncertis damfinansebelia kompania “magTikomi”. uRrmesi madlo-ba b-n gia joxTaberiZes _ kompaniis damfuZnebels, romelmac yvelaferi gaakeTa, rom aseTi yofiliyo diskis dizaini da gamocema, diskis prezent-acia, Cemi preskonferencia, mTeli PR aqcia, scenis gaformeba da Tavad kon-certi _ aseTi fantastikuri da gran-diozuli. es yvelaferi dedis-ciala yviTelaSvilis-xsovnas mivuZRveni, romelsac yvelaze metad gaexardebo-da es dRe. raoden saamayoa CemTvis, rom yvelaferma aseT doneze Caiara.

- cota xnis win Tbilisis ebraul saTemo saxlSi Tqveni niWis bevrma Tayvanismcemelma moiyara Tavi da gamoxata didi siyvaruli da pativis-cema Tqvens mimarT. Tqven es Sexvedra dedis xsovnas miuZRveniT. ras gaix-senebdiT Tqveni bavSvobidan?

- Tbilisis ebrauli saxli is ad-gilia, yovelTvis didi siamovnebiT rom mivdivar xolme. minda guliTa-di madloba vuTxra am Tbil saxls, sadac orjer momiwyves Semoqmedebi-Ti saRamo. am saxlis mesveurebi mar-

Tlac gamorCeulad did, keTilSobi-lur saqmianobas ewevian. aq bevri me-gobari myavs, gulwrfelad rom uxar-iaT Cemi yoveli warmateba. rac Se-exeba Cems rigiT meore SemoqmedebiT saRamos ebraul saxlSi, vityvi, rom es iyo siyvaruliT, simpaTiiTa da siTboTi savse saRamo. SeiZleba ada-mianma 100 weli icocxlos da pati-vi ver miiRos xalxisagan. Mme ki amas yovel fexis nabijze vgrZnob. madlo-ba yvelas, vinc movida, vinc taSi da-mikra... es saRamoc dedis xsovnas mi-vuZRveni. SesaZloa, cota sevdiani elferi Warbobda, magram asec unda yofiliyo. raki ebraul saxlze Cam-ovarda sityva, gavixseneb, rom erTx-el dedam misayvedura, _ ra aris, rom arc erT ebraul nawarmoebs ar asrulebo? araferi mipasuxia, Tumca ganawyenebisa da gulistkivilis miz-ezi ki mqonda: me, dediTa da mamiT ebraels, aranairi yuradReba ar mi-grZvnia Cemi Tvistomebisagan. ar minda davijero, magram, albaT, mainc Surs unda mivawero. Cemi rom kacs SeSurd-eba?! mamiT oboli, ufulo, upatrono adamianisa, romelmac miuxedavad yve-lafrisa mainc amdens miaRwia. xuTive kontinentze var namyofi, israelSi ki erTxelac ar mivuwvevivarT koncer-tis Casatareblad...

ra Tqma unda, iyo “gamonaTebe-bic:’’ verasodes daviviwyeb cnobi-li mewarmisa da qvelmoqmedis merab elaSvilis sikeTes, romelic yvelaze kritikul momentebSi ZmasaviT amo-midga mxarSi. aseve madlobiT minda movixsenio SoTa kezeraSvilis, mer-ab CanCalaSvilis, simon da mixeil ka-Jilotebis saxelebi...

roca dedaCems janmrTeloba Seerya, maSinRa gadavwyvite “hava nag-ila” damemuSavebina. es dedas mivuZR-veni da albomSic miweria, rom eZRvne-ba ciala yviTelaSvils. mixaria, rom mis sicocxleSi movaswari am nawar-moebis did scenaze gamotana.

...Cemi bavSvoba ki kargad maxs-ovs.rTuli cxovreba gaviare. mama adre gardagvecvala da deda yvela-nairad cdilobda, CvenTvis obloba ar egrZnobinebina. vafaseb meidans, puris moedans, “klorTaRs” rom eZax-ian,- Cems mSobliur ubans. Tbilisi ase Zalian imitom miyvars, rom aq ada-mians erovnebis mixedviT ar afaseben, aq yvela religiasa da erovnebas sce-men pativs. esaa Cemi qalaqis madli.

- arasodes damaviwydeba didi si-urprizi 20 ianvris koncertze-um-crosi Temur yviTelaSvilis gamoCe-na scenaze gitariT xelSi da is mqux-are aplodismentebi, mis Sesrulebas rom mohyva. bevrisaTvis es samomavlo ganacxadi iyo. ras fiqrobs mama amis Sesaxeb?

- Temuri jer kidev Zalian patara iyo, saTamaSo gitaras xelidan rom ar uSvebda. sul RiRinebda. mis xelebsa da TiTebs raRaca gansakuTrebulobas vamCnevdi... ager ukve ori welia mos-veneba aRar maqvs. dReSi SeiZleba 100 SekiTxva momces. yvela Canaweri zepi-rad icis. pirveli frazidanve cnobs, romeli gitaristi ukravs. “daisi”-s Sesruleba mis asakSi didi miRwevaa. me vTvli, rom man SeuZlebeli SeZlo. Tqven Tavad naxeT: taSi ar damcxra-la. daufasda Sroma. Tu moindomebs da disciplinac maRal doneze eqneba, skolaSi swavlasa da gitaras kar-gad SeuTavsebs erTmaneTs. momavali gviCvenebs.Yyvela monacemi aqvs. me yve-lanairad Sevuwyob xels.

- msoflios TiTqmis yvela did qveyanaSi gaqvT gamarTuli koncerte-bi. A romel koncerts gamohyofdiT da kidev romel qveyanaSi isurvebdiT Tqveni Semoqmedebis wardgenas?

- xelovani adamianisTvis nebis-mieri qveyana sapasuxismgeblo unda iyos. artisti yvelgan erTnairi pa-suxismgeblobiT, gulwrfelad unda wardges, erTnairad daixarjos. amas msmeneli umalve amCnevs. pirvel rig-Si, Cems usayvarles Tbiliss gam-ovyofdi, Semdeg ki _ amerikis SeerTe-bul Statebs - sagitaro xelovnebis

meqas. razec 30 wlis win vocnebob-

di, rac wignebsa da enciklopediebSi

wamikiTxavs, Rm-rTma damajildova da

yvela am qveyanaSi da yvela am dar-

bazSi gamovedi. ramdenime maTgans

mainc gamovyofdi. esenia niu iorkis

“Birdland”-i da “Iridium”-i (legendarul

les polTan erTad), los-anjelesis

“The Baked Potato”, “La Velle” da sxva.23 ivniss ki koncerti maqvs im dar-

bazSi, romelzedac msoflios yvela

didi musikosi ocnebobs. es gaxlavT

niu iorkis “karnegi holi”. RvTis

madliT, es dRec dadgeba, koncer-

ti Catardeba da kidev erTi bednieri

furceli Caiwereba Cems Semoqmedeb-

iT biografiaSi. ai, maSin ki vityvi,

rom “samarTalma puri Wama”. patro-

ni rom myoloda da finansurad wel-

Si gamarTuli vyofiliyavi, es didi

xniT adre moxdeboda. magram ras

izam. sjobs, swori gziT iaro da mi-

zans ise miaRwio, rom saxeli da rep-

utacia SeubRalavi gqondes.

- dRes Temur yviTelaSvili

msoflioSi aRiarebuli virtuozi

gitaristi, ginesis wignis rekordsme-

nia. werT musikas, SesaniSnavad mRe-

riT, atarebT masterklasebs. kidev

ris gakeTebas isurvebdiT?

rac mainteresebda, TiTqmis yve-

la stilis musika Sevasrule: msof-

lio klasikis nimuSebi (baxi, mocar-

ti, Sopeni, Suberti, paganini, rimski-

korsakovi da sxva), jazi, roki, fiuJe-

ni da, ra Tqma unda, qarTuli musika.

saqarTveloSi pirvelma [1977 wlidan]

daviwye qarTuli klasikuri Sedevre-

bis da Tanamedrove kompozitoreb-

is nawarmoebTa damuSaveba eleqtro

gitarisaTvis. warmoudgeneli da

bevrisTvis Sokismomgvrelic ki iyo

gitaraze z. faliaSvilis “daisis”

uvertiurisa da “sacekvaos” mosme-

na, v. doliZis “sacekvao”, r. laRiZis

“saWidao”, “Tbiliso”, s. cincaZis “xo-

rumi”, aseve “janaia”, “moxuci fosta-

lionis simRera”, “rodesac gicqer”,

“yvavilebis qveyana” da sxva mravali.

gitaraze am nawarmoebTa aJRerebas

sruliad gansxvavebuli midgoma, az-

rovneba da gasaRebi sWirdeboda. Rm-

Tma momca saamiso Zala da unari...sak-

uTar musikasac bevrs vwer. “karnegi

holSi” ZiriTadad Cemi kompoziciebi

Sesruldeba.

- Temur, Cveni axlo urTierToba

uflebas maZlevs xmamaRla ganvacxa-

do: moxibluli var Tqveni adamianuri

TvisebebiT, obieqturobiT, principu-

li xasiaTiT. bevrjer Sevswrebivar,

ra aRfrTovanebuli epiTetebiT gam-

koben isinic ki, vinc pirvelad gxvde-

bian, rogor eamayebiT qarTvelebsac

da ebraelebsac. damerwmuneT, es didi

simdidrea xelovanisaTvis. meTanxme-

biT?

- es siyvaruli da pativiscema

ufro mets mavalebs. moridebuloba

da Tavmdabloba kargia, magram sak-

uTari Tavis fasic vici. Mminda meti

gavakeTo da Cemi SemoqmedebiT siam-

ovneba mivaniWo msmenelebs. dafase-

ba da aRiareba SemTxveviT, SekveTiT

da “TamaSiT” ki ara _ wlobiT, Tan-

daTanobiT, etapobrivad modis. xalxi

marto SesrulebiT ar gafasebs (Ses-

ruleba, rasakvirvelia umaRles

doneze unda iyos!), pirovnuli Tvise-

bebi aasmagebs adamianis Rirsebas.

erTi ki Rrmad mwams: Cemi cxovreb-

is wesiT aravin unda Sevawuxo da

davazaralo. mTavaria swori xedva da

principebi. aseTma cxovrebam mimiyvana

niu iorkis “karnegi holamde”, sadac

2010 wlis 23 ivniss Catardeba Cemi so-

lo-koncerti.

- warmatebas gisurvebT, raSic

eWvi ar gvepareba!

esaubra

zaira davaraSvili

Tbilisi

Temur yviTelaSvilis saxeli kargadaa cnobili sazogadoebisTvis. mis fenom-enalur niWze aRfrTovanebiT wers msoflio presa. virtuozi gitaris-ti, ginesis wignis rekordsmeni, romlis saxeli Sesulia ramdenime encik-

lopediaSi, Rirsebis ordenis kavaleri, kompozitori, ""didi musikosi"" [mstislav rostropoviCi], saqarTvelos saukeTeso instrumentalisti - yvela epiTetisa da musikaluri regaliis CamoTvla Sors wagviyvans. magram erTia, roca sxvebi weren xelovanze da meore - roca igi TviTon gvesaubreba Tavis Tavze, Semoqmedeba-ze, ganvlil cxovrebaze...

maS ase, ramdenime SekiTxva Temur yviTelaSvils:

21semk

r.e.: gamarjoba rav laitman.m.l.: gamarjoba.r.e.: pativi maqvs dRes Cemi stu-

mari iyoT. iqneb jer sjobda Cemi Tavi warmomedgina. Cemi saxelia reuven enoxi, var radio ”kol israel”-is (israelis xmis) qarTuli ganyofileb-is ufrosi. garda amisa var arielis sauniversiteto centris arCeuli leq-tori. am bolo dros rogorc Cemi ra-diomsmenelebi, aseve Cemi studentebi did interess iCenen kabalis da saer-Tod, Tqvens mier gaweuli saqianobis mimarT da ai, bolos da bolos Ses-aZlebloba momeca rom SegxvdeT da mogisminoT.

me aq movedi rogorc gulubryvilo adamiani, romelmac TiTqos araferi icis kabalis Sesaxeb. Tavdapirvelad msurs movismino nawyvetebi Tqveni bi-ografidan.

m.l.: ubralo biografiaa. me 1946 wels belorusiis patara qalaq viteb-skSi davibade.

r.e.: (mark) Sagalis qalaqi...m.l.: diax, Sagalis... Cemi dedac da

mamac eqimebi iyvnen. SeiZleba iTq-vas rom uzrunveli bavSvoba mqonda. amasTan erTad yovelTvis msurda si-cocxlis saidumloebis Sesaxeb Seme-tyo rame. raRac ZiriTadi, arsebiTi... sicocxlis programis, masSi moqmedi Zalebis, cxovrebis arsis Sesaxeb. ase movxvdi leningradis universitetis biologiuri da samedicino kiberneti-kis fakultetze, sadac skolis Semdeg wavedi saswavleblad. imedi mqonda, rom swored iq momecemoda sicocxlis meqanizmebis, bunebis marTvis sistemis Seswavlisa da gamokvlevis saSualeba, magram swavlis dasrulebis Semdegac kiTxva sicocxlis saidumlos Sesaxeb CemSi upasuxod darCa.

r.e.: sainteresoa, rom bevri swored am sferoSi – kibernetikaSi moRvawe adamiani midis sicocxlis saidumloebaTa Ziebamde...

m.l.: Cems SemTxvevaSi es piriqiTaa. me am Ziebam mimiyvana kibernetikamde. mogvianebiT leningradis samxedro medicinis akademiaSi daviwye muSaoba, iq doqtoratis weras Sevudeqi, magram maleve Tavi davanebe, radgan im peri-odSi sabWoTa kavSiridan gamosvlis SesaZlebloba gaCnda. oTxi wlis uar-is Semdeg bolos da bolos dadebiTi pasuxi miviRe da israelSi iom qifu-ris omis periodSi, 1973 wels amovedi. ganzrax vaicmanis institutis maxlo-blad, qalaq rexovoTSi davsaxldi. imedi mqonda rom aq Cemi profesiiT gavagrZelebdi kvlevas, magram amaod. muSaobac daviwye, rac ar unda iyos, absorbciis pirveli etapi unda gad-

amelaxa. mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi Zieba

ar Semiwyvetia. gavicani uamravi ada-miani, garkveuli periodi vswavlobdi organizacia „xabadis“ sofelSi, rav fiSerTan, mas Semdeg ierusalimSi, rav zilbermanTan, ufro mogvianebiT baba salisTan. es Zieba didi xani, daaxloebiT oTxi weli grZeldebo-da, sanam Cems momaval maswavlebels ar mivageni bnei-brakSi, rabaSs - rav barux halevi aSlags, baal sulamis ufros vaJs. baal sulami cnobilia, rogorc wigni „zoharis“ „sulamis” komentarebis („peruS hasulam le sefer hazohar“) avtori.

dRevandel dResaviT maxsovs Cemi da rabaSis pirveli Sexvedra. me mis pirdapir vijeqi. man wigni gadaSala, kiTxva da TandaTanobiT axsna daiwyo. xuTi wuTis Semdeg ukve vicodi, rom es Cemi adgili iyo. gulis siRrmeSi vigrZeni, rom mas verasodes movcil-debodi. mivxvdi, rom cxovrebaSi amis garda sxva araferi arsebobs da mTeli msoflio da yovelive rac ka-cobriobaSi xdeba Seqmnilia molod imisaTvis, raTa am Sinagani wertilis samosi gamxdariyo.

rabaSi maSin 74 wlis moxuci iyo. me mis gverdiT 12 weli gavatare. mas arasodes gaucruebia Cemi imedebi Cveni swavlis da saerTod Cemi masTan yofnis mTel periodSi.

r.e.: Tuki nebas momcemT vityvi, rom Tqvenc ar gagicruebiaT misi imedebi, aramed misi gza saukeTesod gaagrZe-leT.

m.l.: imedia rom es marTlac asea. Cven marTlac erTad vmoqmedebT, is da me, is Cemi meSveobiT. ase rom misi sicocxlis bolomde mis gverdiT vi-yavi rogorc misi TanaSemwe, mdivani da moswavle. man Cems xelSi dalia suli. mas Semdeg, 1991 wels Camovaya-libe saswavlo centri ”bnei baruxi”. es aris kabalis Semswavleli saerTa-Soriso akademia, saganmanaTleblo centri...

r.e.: iqneb swored aqedan dagvew-yo. arsebobs akademia, SeiZleba iTq-vas ”msoflio akademia”.

m.l.: diax, akademiis muSaoba 37 enaze mimdinareobs, gvyavs or mil-ionze meti studenti da msmeneli mTels msoflioSi...

r.e.: ar mindoda aq amis motana, ma-gram iqneb israelSi madonas Camosv-liTaa ganpirobebuli Cems msmenel-ebs Soris kabaliT aseTi didi dain-tereseba?

m.l.: es SesaniSnavi magaliTia imi-sa Tu ra ar aris kabala.

kabala aris qmnilebisaTvis (ada-

mianisaTvis) Semqmnelis amqveynad gam-ovlenis meTodika. aseTia kabalis ganmarteba. ra Tqma unda, arsebobs ufro farTo, ufro mecnieruli gan-martebac, magram jerjerobiT amas davjerdeT.

kabala Tavis saTaves abraamis da nimrodis dros, Zvel babilonSi iRebs. abraamma aRmoaCina Semqnelis Secnobis meTodi, romelic erT yov-lismomcvel princips, safuZvels em-yareboda – „giyvardes moyvasi Seni rogorc Tavi Seni“ („veahavTa lere-axa qamoxa“) da Seecada es codna yvela babilonelas Soris gaevrcelebina. am ideiT gaerTianebuli xalxisagan Camoyalibda ebraeli eri. amitomac ewoda ers SemdgomSi ”israel” - iaSar el (pirdapir Semqmnelisaken). esaa mi-zani, mivaRwioT Semqmnels, gavxdeT misi msgavsi.

r.e.: rav laitman, Cems radiomsne-lebs Soris bevri morwmune adamiania. morwmune Tu ara, tradiciebis dam-cveli mainc. maT swamT is, rom kabala, wigni „zohari“ da raSbi (rabi Simon bar ioxai) erTmaneTTan mWidro kav-SirSia da axla Tqven mas eubnebiT, rom kabala mama abraamis droinde-lia.

m.l.: diax, mama abraamis, radgan man Tavis droze kabalis wigni ”sefer haiecira” (Seqmnis wigni) dawera.

r.e.: gamodis, rom wigni „zohari“ kabalis mxolod erTi gamovlinebaa.

m.l.: diax, es asea. r.e.: mindoda TqvenTvis mekiTxa:

SesaZloa Tu ara, rom erTis mxriv ka-bala TanaxSi moTxrobili da CvenT-vis dafaruli movlenebis gaSifrvaSi gvexmareba, xolo, meores mxriv, Ta-naxi kabalis gasaxsnel gasaRebs, mas-Si ufro Rrmad Cawvdomis saSualebas gvaZlevs? saboloo jamSi ra kav-Siria kabalasa da Tanaxs Soris?

m.l.: TviT Tanaxi, iseve rogorc ebraelTa yvela wminda wigni sxva araferia, Tu ara kabala. am wignebs wminda imitom ewodeba, rom isini sam-yaros im nawilis Sesaxeb mogviTxro-ben, romelic Cvengan dafarulia. ”siwmindes” ebraulad hqvia ”kodeS”. ”kadoS” - sityvidan ”gansakuTrebuli, gankerZoebuli”, TiTqosda mowyveti-li, sadRac arsebuli.

da marTlac, ris Sesaxeb mogviTxrobs Tora? ra unda daewera CvenTvis moSe rabeinus?

r.e.: rac Semqmnelma ukarnaxa.m.l.: da ra unda ekarnaxa Semqm-

nels? ebraeli xalxis istoria? is rac maT udabnoSi gamoiares?

r.e.: me pasuxs Tqvengan veli.m.l.: sityva adami sityvisagan

„dome“ – msgavsi modis, anu Semqmnelis msgavsi. sabolood adamiani mas unda daemsgavsos, Semqmneli unda gamoav-linos. rogorc sweria ”dabrundiT israelis Svilebo SemqmnelTan da yvela micnobdes dawyebuli pataridan da damTavrebuli didiT” („Suvu bnei israel ad haSem elokexa ve qulam idu oTi miktanam ve ad gdolam“). es aris adamianis arsi da daniSnuleba da amaze dawera moSe rabeinum, Tumca faruli formiT. Tora gansakuTreb-uli da unikaluri wigni swored imi-tomaa, rom am wigns safuZvlad Semqm-nelis gamovlena udevs. esaa misi miz-ani. rac Seexeba wign zohars, is Toris ufro Rrma komentars warmoadgens.

ToraSi moTxrobili da aRwerili ambebi, rCevebi, tradiciebi da kanonebi erTi SexedviT gare, anu fizikur sam-yaros SeiZleba mivakuTvnoT (TiTqos laparakia adamianebze, Cvens sxeule-bze), kabala ki gvixsnis, rom ToraSi laparakia sulze, sulier samyaroze, romelic adamianis yvelaze Rrma, Si-nagani samyaroa, magram, romelsac Cven Cvens Cveulebriv mdgomareobaSi ver vgrZnobT. kabalis Seswavlis sa-gani swored es umaRlesi, sulieri sayaroa, romelic marTavs Cvens sam-

yaros. anu ubralo sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, kabala aris adamianis mier umaRlesi Zalis – Semqmnelis Secno-bis meTodika.

Toris kiTxvisas Cven masSi isto-riul moTxrobas vxedavT. magram Tuki Cven am sityvebs ufro Sinagan dat-virTvas vaZlevT, maSin maTi Sinagani azri gvixatavs sxva suraTs – ZalTa badis suraTs, romelic marTavs Cvens samyaros. ese igi, gare moTxrobis miRma wignis Sinagani, namdvili ar-sis danaxvas viwyebT.

zustad iseve, rogorc, ai, exla televizoris ekrans vxedavT. am ekran-ze garkveuli suraTi xatia, magram am suraTis miRma eleqtronuli Za-lebi moqmedebs, romlebic am suraTs qmnis. swored es Zalebia CvenTvis mniSvnelovani da ara TviT suraTi. Zalianac rom gvindodes, SeuZlebe-lia am suraTis Secvla Tuki mis ukan mdgom Sinagan Zalebs ar mivmarTavT da maTze ar movaxdenT zemoqmedebas. Torac swored imas mogviTxrobs, Tu rogor SeiZleba im Sinagan Zalebs mivaRwioT, romlebic „cxovrebi-seul suraTs“ (Cvens samyaros) gvix-atavs, rogor SegviZlia sinamdvileSi SevcvaloT Cveni realoba am Zalebis meSveobiT da amiT rogor aviyvanoT Cveni Tavi im doneze, iq, sadac gadaw-yvetilebebis miReba xdeba.

r.e.: e.i. kabalas Cveni realobis, Cveni cxovrebis Secvla SeuZlia.

m.l.: diax, da es sibrZne swored axlaa Zalian aqtualuri, rameTu Cven dRes Zveli babilonis msgavs mdgomareobaSi vimyofebiT da kvlav gvesaWiroeba kabalis gamoyenebiT mivaRwioT erTianobas. principma – „giyvardes moyvasi Seni rogorc Tavi Seni”, romlis mixedviTac Camoyali-bda ebraeli eri, dRes isev unda gag-vaerTianos Cven erTi fesvis, erTi Za-lis Sesacnobad da mis misaRwevad.

r.e.: me pativi maqvs davasrulo gadacema. ratom vambob pativi maqvs – meTqi? imitom rom vimedovneb, rom Cvens saubars gavagrZlebT.

m.l.: didi siamovnebiT. momaval Sexvedramde.

r.e.: isRa damrCenia, uRrmesi mad-loba gadagixadoT... momaval Sexve-dramde.

gadacema translirebuli iyo 66–e sakabelo arxze.

“moambis” redaqciisagan: moxaruli viqnebiT gazeTis furclebi kvlavac davuTmoT nebismier kompetentur pirs (sasuliero moRvawe iqneba is Tu mecn-ieri) an organizacias, romelic moisur-vebs Cvens gazeTSi kabalaze damatebiTi informaciis, statiebis an kabalisturi pirvelwyaroebis qarTuli Targmanebis gamoqveynebas.

“Toris Seswavlis 70 gza arsebobs, - uTqvams erT did rabins, - maT Soris erT-erTia dumili”.

Sexvedra kabalasTanfragmentebi profesor reuven enoxis saubridan

mecnier kabalist mixeil laitmanTan

`moambe~ - saqarTvelos ebraelTa msof-lio kongresis yovelTviuri gazeTi.

mTavari redaqtori: jemal ajiaSvili

saredaqcio kolegia:gerSon ben-oreni (wiwuaSvili), cisana Samir-biniaSvili, Tamar kezeraSvili, izolda krixeli, eTer fiCxaZe, nugzar janaSvili.

dakabadoneba da dizaini:levan ajiaSvili

calkeul SemTxvevebSi SesaZloa redaq-cia ar iziarebdes avtoris Sexedule-bebs.

ebraul sakuTar saxelTa xmarebisas, saTemo gazeTis specifikidan gamomdin-are, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, upirate-sobas TemSi damkvidrebul tradicias vaniWebT.

redaqciis misamarTi: Tel-avivi, dizingofis q. 50, 64332.tel.: +972 3 620 45 57faqsi: +972 3 620 45 73veb misamarTi: www.georgianjews.orgel. fosta: wcje1@netvision.net.il