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PHOBIA
http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0Je5xXM9YxFYZIAOEqJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBxY2Jrdmc0BHBvcwMxMQRzZWMDc3IEdnRpZANJMDYyXzg0/SIG=1fqv97779/EXP=1166952268/**http%3a//images.search.yahoo.com/search/images/view%3fback=http%253A%252F%252Fimages.search.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%252Fimages%253F_adv_prop%253Dimages%2526imgsz%253Dall%2526vf%253Dall%2526va%253Dphobia%2526ei%253DUTF-8%2526fr%253Dyfp-t-501%2526b%253D1%26w=366%26h=426%26imgurl=www.bu.edu%252Ffammed%252FHumor%252Fphobia.jpg%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.bu.edu%252Ffammed%252FHumor%26size=44.5kB%26name=phobia.jpg%26p=phobia%26type=jpeg%26no=11%26tt=22,301%26oid=a7efe6c70c431d94%26ei=UTF-87/31/2019 12. Phobia
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Phobia
refers to a group of symptoms brought onby feared objects or situations
People can develop phobic reactions toanimals ,activities, or social situations.affect people of all ages, from all walks of
life, and in every part of the countrycan interfere with your ability to work,socialize, and go about a daily routine
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Symptoms
Feelings of panic, dread, horror, or terrorRecognition that the fear goes beyond normal
boundaries and the actual threat of dangerReactions that are automatic and uncontrollable,practically taking over the person's thoughtsRapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, trembling, andan overwhelming desire to flee the situation - all thephysical reactions associated with extreme fearExtreme measures taken to avoid the feared objector situation
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Categories of Phobias
3. Specific
people with a specific phobiagenerally have an irrational fear of specific objects or situations
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AGORAPHOBIA
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AGORAPHOBIA
fear of experiencing a difficult or embarrassingsituation from which the sufferer cannot
escapeAgoraphobia occurs about twice as commonlyamong women than men (Magee et al., 1996
Agoraphobics are often extremely sensitized totheir own bodily sensations, subconsciouslyover-reacting to perfectly normal events
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Symptoms
Fear of being aloneFear of losing control in a public placeFear of being in places where escape might be difficult
Becoming housebound for prolonged periods of timeFeelings of detachment or estrangement from othersFeelings of helplessnessDependence on othersFeeling that the body is unrealFeeling that the environment is unrealAnxiety or panic attack (acute severe anxiety)Unusual temper or agitation with trembling ortwitching
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Symptoms Lightheadedness, near faintingDizzinessExcessive sweatingSkin flushingBreathing difficultyChest painHeartbeat sensationsNausea and vomiting
Numbness and tinglingConfused or disordered thoughts Intense fear of going crazy Intense fear of dying
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Treatment
There are three main types of treatment foragoraphobia:
1. TherapyBehavior and cognitive therapy are thetreatments of choice for agoraphobia
2. Medicationsantianxiety medication.3. Combination of therapy and medications
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SOCIAL PHOBIA
http://www.shop.com/op/~Posters_Prints_Blurred_Picture_of_Crowd_Art_Photographic_Print_Artist:_Poster_Size:_24x18-prod-382123577/31/2019 12. Phobia
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Social Phobia an experience of fear, apprehension orworry regarding social situations and being
evaluated by othersexcessive long-lasting social anxietycausing relatively extreme distress and
impaired ability to function in at least someareas of daily life
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Signs and Symptoms
Blushingsweating (hyperhidrosis)TremblingNauseaStammeringPalpitationsshaking
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Causes
Genetic and family factorsSocial experiencesSocial/cultural influencesEvolutionary contextNeurochemical and neurocognitiveinfluencesPsychological factors
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Treatment
Pharmacological treatments Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) Reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase
subtype A (RIMAs)
Benzodiazepines beta-blockers
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SPECIFIC PHOBIA
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Definition
extreme fear of a specific object or situationthat is out of proportion to the actual danger
or threatgeneric term for any kind of anxiet disorderthat amounts to an unreasonable or
irrational fear related to exposure to specificobjects or situations
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Signs & Symptoms
feelings of anxietyFear
panicTachycardiaTachypneaHyperhydrosispalpitations
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Causes
Learning History Direct Learning Experiences Observational Learning Experiences Informational Learning
Psychological Factors Attention and Memory Beliefs and Interpretations about Feared Objects and
Situations Avoidance and other Anxious Behaviors
Biological Factors
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Categories of Specific Phobias
Animal TypeNatural Environment Type
Situational TypeBlood injection or Injury TypeOther
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Treatment
Psychological Treatments Exposure to Feared Situation/Systemic
desensitization Applied Muscle Tension Cognitive Therapy
Biological treatments
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Thank you andgood night