ME/JZ Rev 10.5.2016

1201 THE FIGURE OF JESUS THROUGH THE CENTURIESCourse DescriptionJesus of Nazareth is agreed to be one of the most important figures in the history of the world. The major Christian churches teach not only that he was the foremost of the prophets, but that he is eternally the Son of God, the Second Person of the Trinity. They also teach that his work as a man included not only his public miracles and his oral teaching but an invisible ministry of reconciling human beings to the God from whom they had been estranged by sin. Even for Christians who do not subscribe to traditional teachings, he remains a moral exemplar and an object of devotion. Moslems revere him as the sixth of seven great prophets, a number of Jews and Hindus have found a place for him in their faith, and he has been a frequent subject for poets and novelists, whatever their religion.

This paper therefore considers Jesus of Nazareth not only as a subject of Christian proclamation, but also as a subject of imaginative or philosophical reflection in Christian and other traditions. The examination will be divided into two sections, A and B: candidates will be expected to answer two questions from one section and one from the other.

Questions in Section A will concern the nature, ministry, teaching and example of Jesus as these have been understood in the public teaching of the chief Christian denominations. Students will be expected to be familiar with the ecumenical doctrines of the Trinity and the incarnation of Jesus Christ as second person of the Trinity. They will also be expected to know how these doctrines have informed different understandings of the redemption of the world through his death and resurrection, and how Christians have understood the ends and duties of life in the light of this redemption.

The majority of questions in Section B will concern the relation between the Jesus of the gospels and/or ecclesiastical dogma to Christian devotion, philosophy, literature, culture, aesthetics and social policy. There will also be questions on the place of Jesus in other religious traditions.

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Aims and objectivesAims:

to introduce students to the study and practice of Christian doctrine through the figure of Jesus as the universal focus of theological reflection reasoning

to promote awareness of the significance of Jesus in all spheres of Christian life, reflection and church practice;

to introduce students to the religiously plural context in which the doctrinal significance of Jesus is considered

to promote reflection on the relation between theology and culture, both within and outside the Christian sphere

Objectives:A student who has attended the lectures and prepared thoroughly for eight tutorials may be expected:

to be aware of the content of the ecumenical creeds of the Church; to have some understanding of the relation between scriptural

exegesis and the formulation of doctrine; to be aware of ways in which belief has informed life and conduct

for Christians over the centuries; to be aware of some responses to the religiously plural context in

which Christian theology is studied and practised.

Lectures will review important literature in sections A and B; tutorials will allow tutors and students to choose special areas of study.

Course delivery 16 lectures 8 tutorials

AssessmentAssessment for this paper will be by three-hour examination in the Trinity Term.

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Lectures (Michaelmas and Hilary Terms)

Weeks

Topics

MT 1 The Jesus of History versus the Christ of Faith?Gospel of John, Hebrews

MT 2 The Christ of the Creeds, 200-500 A.D.Athanasius, Nicene Creed, Chalcedonian Definition

MT 3 The Suffering Christ of the Mediaeval ChurchAnselm

MT 4 Christ in the Life of the Byzantine and pre-Reformation ChurchCabasilas

MT 5 Christ set free? The Gospel of the ReformationLuther, Calvin

MT 6 Jesus in Doubt: the Enlightenment and afterStrauss, Renan

MT 7 Jesus and the World WarsBultmann, Barmen Declaration

MT 8 Many Churches, one Christ? The Modern SituationVerbum Dei, Schilllebeecx

HT 1 The Apocryphal JesusEarly apocryphal and gnostic gospels

HT 2 Jesus the conquerorGospel of Nicodemus, Langland, Milton

HT 3 Jesus the mystical bridegroomOrigen, Bernard, Teresa, John of the Cross

HT 4 Jesus in English poetrySpenser, Donne, Marvell, Blake, Browning

HT 5 Jesus on TrialDostoyevsky and Nietzsche

HT 6 The Life of Jesus in novelsGeorge Moore, Robert Graves, Kazantzakis, Saramago, Philip Pulman

HT 7 Jesus in IslamKoran, Gospel of Barnabas, Ibn Arabi, Rumi

HT 8 Jesus and IndiaThomasine traditions, Jesus and Buddha, Jesus and Krishna, “Hindu Christianity”

Recommended Reading

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General / Reference WorksMarkus Bockmuehl (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Jesus (Cambridge: CUP, 2001)Delbert Burkett (ed.), The Blackwell Companion to Jesus (Oxford: Blackwell, 2011)Stephen T. Davis, Daniel Kendall, SJ, and Gerald O’Collins, SJ (eds), The Incarnation: An

Interdisciplinary Symposium on the Incarnation of the Son of God (Oxford: OUP, 2002)Daniel J. Harrington, Historical Dictionary of Jesus (Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 2010)J. Leslie Houlden (ed.), Jesus in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia (Santa

Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2003)Francesca Aran Murphy (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Christology (Oxford: OUP, 2015)Jaroslav Pelikan, Jesus through the Centuries: His Place in the History of Culture (New

Haven, CT: Yale UP, 1985)

New Testament—GeneralDale C. Allison, Constructing Jesus: Memory, Imagination and History (London: SPCK,

2010)Richard Bauckham, Jesus and the God of Israel: God Crucified and Other Studies on the

New Testament’s Christology of Divine Identity (Milton Keynes: Paternoster, 2008)Maurice Casey, From Jewish Prophet to Gentile God: The Origins and Development of New

Testament Christology (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 1991)Oscar Cullmann, The Christology of the New Testament, trans. Shirley C. Guthrie and

Charles A.M. Hall (London: SCM, 1959)James D.G. Dunn, Christology in the Making: A New Testament Inquiry into the Origins of

the Doctrine of the Incarnation (London: SCM Press, 1980)——, Did the First Christians Worship Jesus? (London: SPCK, 2010)Paula Fredriksen, From Jesus to Christ: The Origins of the New Testament Images of Jesus

(New Haven: Yale UP, 1988)William Horbury, Jewish Messianism and the Cult of Christ (London: SCM Press, 1998)Larry W. Hurtado, Lord Jesus Christ: Devotion to Jesus in Earliest Christianity (Grand

Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2003)Andrew T. Lincoln and Angus Paddison (eds.), Christology and Scripture: Interdisciplinary

Studies (London: T&T Clark, 2007)C.F.D. Moule, The Origin of Christology (Cambridge: CUP, 1977)E.P. Sanders, The Historical Figure of Jesus (London: Allen Lane and Penguin, 1993)* Christopher M. Tuckett, Christology and the New Testament: Jesus and His Earliest

Followers (Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2001)N.T. Wright, Jesus and the Victory of God (London: SPCK, 1996)

Gospel of JohnJohn Ashton (ed.), The Interpretation of John (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1997)——, Understanding the Fourth Gospel (2nd edn; Oxford: OUP, 2007), 238–380C.K. Barrett, Essays on John (London: SPCK, 1982), 1–36Richard Bauckham and Carl Mosser (eds), The Gospel of John and Christian Theology

(Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2008)Rudolf Bultmann, The Gospel of John: A Commentary, trans. G.R. Beasley-Murray (Oxford:

Blackwell, 1971) Maurice Casey, Is John’s Gospel True? (London: Routledge, 1996)R. Alan Culpepper, ‘The Christology of the Johannine Writings’, in Who Do You Say That I

Am? Essays on Christology, ed. David R. Bauer and Mark Allan Powell (Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 1999), 66–87

Mark J. Edwards, John, Blackwell Bible Commentaries (Oxford: Blackwell, 2004)Barnabas Lindars, The Gospel of John, New Century Bible (London: Oliphants, 1972)James F. McGrath, John’s Apologetic Christology: Legitimation and Development in

Johannine Christology (Cambridge: CUP, 2001)Jerome H. Neyrey, An Ideology of Revolt: John’s Christology in Social-Science Perspective

(Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1988)Paul A. Rainbow, Johannine Theology: The Gospel, The Epistles and the Apocalypse

(Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2014)

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Herman Ridderbos, The Gospel of John: A Theological Commentary, trans. John Vriend (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1997)

D. Moody Smith, The Theology of the Gospel of John (Cambridge: CUP, 1995)——, ’Jesus Tradition in the Gospel of John’, in Handbook for the Study of the Historical

Jesus, ed. Tom Holmén and Stanley E. Porter (Leiden: Brill, 2010), vol. 3, 1997–2040

Letter to the HebrewsHarold W. Attridge, The Epistle to the Hebrews: A Commentary, ed. Helmut Koester,

Hermeneia (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1989)Richard Bauckham (ed.), A Cloud of Witnesses: The Theology of Hebrews in Its Ancient

Contexts (London: T&T Clark, 2008)C.K. Barrett, ‘The Christology of Hebrews’, in Who Do You Say That I Am? Essays on

Christology, ed. David R. Bauer and Mark Allan Powell (Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 1999), 110–127

Raymond Brown, The Message of Hebrews: Christ above All (Leicester: Inter-Varsity Press, 1982)

Eric Farrel and Kevin B. McCruden (eds), Reading the Epistle to the Hebrews: A Resource for Students (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature), 2011

* R.P. Gordon, Hebrews, Readings (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2000)Daniel J. Harrington, What Are They Saying about the Letter to the Hebrews? (New York:

Paulist Press, 2005)L.D. Hurst, The Epistle to the Hebrews: Its Background of Thought (Cambridge: CUP,

1990)Craig R. Koester, Hebrews (New Haven, CT: Yale UP, 2007)Luke Timothy Johnson, Hebrews: A Commentary (Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2006)Jon Laansma and Daniel J. Treier (eds), Christology, Hermeneutics, and Hebrews: Profiles

from the History of Interpretation (London: T&T Clark, 2012)Barnabas Lindars, The Theology of the Letter to the Hebrews (Cambridge: CUP, 1991)

RevelationMark Bredin, Jesus, Revolutionary of Peace: A Nonviolent Christology in the Book of

Revelation (Milton Keynes: Paternoster, 2003)Richard Bauckham, The Theology of the Book of Revelation (Cambridge: CUP, 1993)Peter R. Carrell, Jesus and the Angels: Angelology and the Christology of the Apocalypse of

John (Cambridge: CUP, 1997)Matthias Reinhard Hoffmann, The Destroyer and the Lamb: The Relationship between

Angelomorphic and Lamb Christology in the Book of Revelation (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2005)

Loren L. Johns, The Lamb Christology of the Apocalypse of John: An Investigation into Its Origins and Rhetorical Force (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2003)

Judith Kovacs and Christopher Rowland, Revelation: The Apocalypse of Jesus Christ (Oxford: Blackwell, 2003)

Dan Lioy, The Book of Revelation in Christological Focus (New York: Peter Lang, 2003)Mitchell G. Reddish, ‘Martyr Christology in the Apocalypse’, Journal for the Study of the

New Testament 33 (1988): 85–95Christopher Rowland, The Open Heaven: A Study of Apocalyptic in Judaism and Early

Christianity (London: SPCK, 1982)Loren T. Stuckenbruck, Angel Veneration and Christology: A Study in Early Judaism and in

the Christology of the Apocalypse of John (Tübingen: Mohr, 1995)

Nicaea and ChalcedonHenry Bettenson, Documents of the Christian Church, ed. Chris Maunder (3rd edn; Oxford:

OUP, 1999)J. Stevenson (ed.), A New Eusebius: Documents Illustrative of the History of the Church to

AD 337 (London: SPCK, 1957)

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Khaled Anatolios, Retrieving Nicaea: The Development and Meaning of Trinitarian Doctrine (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2011)

Lewis Ayres, Nicaea and Its Legacy: An Approach to Fourth-Century Trinitarian Theology (Oxford: OUP, 2004)

John Behr, The Nicene Faith (Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 2004)Leo Donald Davis, The First Seven Ecumenical Councils (325–787): Their History and

Theology (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 1988)Alois Grillmeier, Christ in the Christian Tradition, vol. 1: From the Apostolic Age to

Chalcedon, trans. John Bowden (2nd edn; London: Mowbray, 1975)Stephen W. Need, Truly Divine and Truly Human: The Story of Christ and the Seven

Ecumenical Councils (London: SPCK, 2008)Basil Studer, Trinity and Incarnation: The Faith of the Early Church, ed. Andrew Louth

(Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1993)Frances M. Young, From Nicaea to Chalcedon: A Guide to the Literature and its

Background (London: SCM Press, 1988)——, The Making of the Creeds (London: SCM Press, 1991)

Athanasius Athanasius, Against the Gentiles – On the Incarnation, ed. and trans. Robert W. Thomson

(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971); other editions: On the Incarnation, ed. and trans. John Behr (Yonkers, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 2012); Contra Gentes, ed. and trans. E.P. Meijering (Leiden: Brill, 1984)

Khaled Anatolios, Athanasius (London: Routledge, 2004)——, Athanasius: The Coherence of His Thought (London: Routledge, 1998)David Gwynn, Athanasius of Alexandria: Bishop, Theologian, Ascetic (Oxford: OUP, 2012),

55–103R.P.C. Hanson, The Search for the Christian Doctrine of God: The Arian Controversy, 318-

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Interpretation (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2011)Andrew Louth, ‘Athanasius’ Understanding of the Humanity of Christ’, Studia Patristica 16

(1985) 309–323J. Rebecca Lyman, Christology and Cosmology: Models of Divine Activity in Origen,

Eusebius, and Athanasius (New York: OUP, 1993)E.P. Meijering, Orthodoxy and Platonism in Athanasius: Synthesis or Antithesis? (Leiden:

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Marcellus of Ancyra, and Athanasius of Alexandria (Oxford: OUP, 2007), 137–216Thomas G. Weinandy, Athanasius: A Theological Introduction (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007)Peter Widdicombe, The Fatherhood of God from Origen to Athanasius (2nd edn; Oxford:

OUP, 2001), 128–249

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Liverpool UP, 2005)

Pauline Allen, ‘The Definition and Enforcement of Orthodoxy’, in The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. 14: Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, AD 425–600, ed. Averil Cameron, Bryan Ward-Perkins, and Michael Whitby (Cambridge: CUP, 2001), 811–34

Ernest L. Fortin, ‘The Definitio Fidei of Chalcedon and Its Philosophical Sources’, Studia Patristica 5 (1962), 489–98

Richard Norris, ‘Chalcedon Revisited: A Historical and Theological Reflection’, in New Perspectives on Historical Theology: Essays in Memory of John Meyendorff, ed. Bradley Nassif (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1996), 140–58

Richard Price and Mary Whitby (eds), Chalcedon in Context: Church Councils 400–700 (Liverpool: Liverpool UP, 2009)

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Aaron Riches, Ecce Homo: On the Divine Unity of Christ (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2016)

R.V. Sellers, The Council of Chalcedon: A Historical and Doctrinal Survey (London: SPCK, 1953)

Dorothea Wendebourgh, ‘Chalcedon in Ecumenical Discourse’, Pro Ecclesia 7 (1998), 307–32

AugustineAugustine of Hippo, Confessions, trans. Henry Chadwick (Oxford: OUP, 1992), Book 7, pp.

111–132; critical Latin edition with commentary by James J. O’Donnell (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992)

Brian E. Daley, SJ, ‘A Humble Mediator: The Distinctive Elements in St. Augustine’s Christology’, Word and Spirit 9 (1987), 100–17

Brian Dobell, Augustine’s Intellectual Conversion: The Journey from Platonism to Christianity (Cambridge: CUP, 2009)

John Peter Kenney, The Mysticism of Saint Augustine: Re-Reading the Confessions (London: Routledge, 2005)

William Mallard, ‘The Incarnation in Augustine’s Conversion’, Revue d’études augustiniennes et patristiques 15 (1980), 80–98

David Vincent Meconi, ‘The Incarnation and the Role of Participation’, Augustinian Studies 29 (1998), 61–75

John Thomas Newton, Jr., ‘The Importance of Augustine’s Use of the Neoplatonic Doctrine of Hypostatic Union for the Development of Christology’, Augustinian Studies 2 (1971), 1–16

John M. Quinn, A Companion to the Confessions of St. Augustine (New York: Lang, 2002)Kim Paffenroth and Robert Peter Kennedy (eds), A Reader’s Companion to Augustine’s

Confessions (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 2003)Philip Rigby, The Theology of Augustine’s Confessions (Cambridge: CUP, 2015)Colin Starnes, Augustine’s Conversion: A Guide to the Argument of Confessions I-IX

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of the Incarnation: Essays on Jesus Christ in the Early Church in Honor of Brian E. Daley, S.J., ed. Peter W. Martens (Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2008)

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Works, ed. Brian Davies and G.R. Evans (Oxford: OUP, 1998)

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Bernhard Lohse, Martin Luther: An Introduction to His Life and Work, trans. R. Schultz (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1986)

——, Martin Luther’s Theology: Its Historical and Systematic Development, trans. Roy A. Harrisville (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1999)

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** Stephen Edmondson, Calvin’s Christology (Cambridge: CUP, 2004)John F. Jansen, Calvin’s Doctrine of the Work of Christ (London: J. Clarke, 1956)* Cornelis van der Kooi, ‘Christology’, in The Calvin Handbook, Herman J. Selderhuis, tr.

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Theology (Durham, NC: Labyrinth, 1986)T.H.L. Parker, Calvin: An Introduction to His Thought (London: Chapman, 1995)J.B. Torrance, ‘The Vicarious Humanity and Priesthood of Christ in the Theology of John

Calvin’, in Calvinus Ecclesiae Doctor, ed. W.H. Neuser (Kampen: Kok, 1978)David E. Willis, Calvin’s Catholic Christology: The Function of the So-Called Extra

Calvinisticum in Calvin’s Theology (Leiden: Brill, 1966)Peter Wyatt, Jesus Christ and Creation in the Theology of John Calvin (Allison Park, PA:

Pickwick, 2009)* Randall Zachman, ‘Jesus Christ as the Image of God in Calvin’s Theology’, Calvin

Theological Journal 25.1 (1990), 46–52

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Tice (Richmond, VA: John Knox, 1967); alternative translation: Christmas Dialogue, The Second Speech, and Other Selections, ed. and trans. Julia A. Lamm, Classics of Western Spirituality (New York: Paulist Press, 2014)

——, The Life of Jesus, ed. Jack C. Verheyden, trans. S. Maclean Gilmour (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1975)

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Dawn DeVries, Jesus Christ in the Preaching of Calvin and Schleiermacher (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 1996)

B.A. Gerrish, A Prince of the Church: Schleiermacher and the Beginnings of Modern Theology (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1984)

Catherine L. Kelsey, Thinking about Christ with Schleiermacher (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 2003)

Jacqueline Mariña, ‘Christology and Anthropology in Friedrich Schleiermacher’, in The Cambridge Companion to Friedrich Schleiermacher, ed. Jacqueline Mariña (Cambridge: CUP, 2005), 151–70

Richard R. Niebuhr, Schleiermacher on Christ and Religion (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1964)

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Hodgson (London: SCM Press, 1973), ‘Introduction’, §§1–16, and ‘Concluding Dissertation’, §§144–52

——, The Christ of Faith and the Jesus of History: A Critique of Schleiermacher’s The Life of Jesus, trans. L.E. Keck (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1977)

Horton Harris, David Friedrich Strauss and His Theology (Cambridge: CUP, 1973)——, The Tübingen School (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975)Edwina G. Lawler, David Friedrich Strauss and His Critics: The Life of Jesus Debate in

Early Nineteenth-Century German Journals (New York: Peter Lang, 1986)Erik Linstrum, ‘Strauss’s Life of Jesus: Publication and the Politics of the German Public

Sphere’, Journal of the History of Ideas 71 (2010), 593–616Alister E. McGrath, The Making of Modern German Christology: From the Enlightenment

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Baur to Ernst Troeltsch (Oxford: OUP, 2013)

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Robert Daniel Priest, The Gospel according to Renan: Reading, Writing, and Religion in Nineteenth-Century France (Oxford: OUP, 2015), esp. 69–108

David C.J. Lee, Ernest Renan: In the Shadow of Faith (London: Duckworth, 1996), 187–206H.W. Wardman, Ernest Renan: A Critical Biography (London: Athlone, 1964)Richard M. Chadbourne, Ernest Renan (New York: Twayne, 1968)Dora Bierer, ‘Renan and His Interpreters: A Study in French Intellectual Warfare’, Journal

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David Deane, Nietzsche and Theology: Nietzschean Thought in Christological Anthropology (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006)

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Gemes and John Richardson (Oxford: OUP, 2013), 344–62Alistair Kee, Nietzsche against the Crucified (London: SCM Press, 1999)Weaver Santaniello, Nietzsche, God, and the Jews: His Critique of Judeo-Christianity in

relation to the Nazi Myth (Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1994)Gary Shapiro, ‘Nietzsche contra Renan’, History and Theory, 21.2 (1982), 193–222Lev Shestov, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy and Nietzsche, trans. Bernhard Martin (Athens, OH: Ohio

UP, 1969)Richard Walsh, ‘Three Versions of Judas Jesus’, in Those Outside: Noncanonical Readings

of the Canonical Gospels, ed. George Aichele and Richard Walsh (London: T&T Clark, 2005), 155–82

Julian Young, Nietzsche’s Philosophy of Religion (Cambridge: CUP, 2006)

Lux MundiCharles Gore (ed.), Lux Mundi: A Series of Studies in the Religion of the Incarnation

(London: John Murray, 1889)

Paul D.L. Avis, Gore: Construction and Conflict (Worthing: Churchman, 1988)James Carpenter, Gore: A Study in Liberal Catholic Thought (London: Faith Press, 1960)Mark D. Chapman, ‘Charles Gore, Kenosis and the Crisis of Power’, Journal of Anglican

Studies 3.2 (2005), 197–218Horton Davies, Worship and Theology in England: From Newman to Martineau, 1850–1900

(Princeton: Princeton UP, 1960)* Ulrike Link-Wieczorek, ‘Mediating Anglicanism: Maurice, Gore, and Temple’, in The

Blackwell Companion to Nineteenth-Century Theology, ed. David Fergusson (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 280–300

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Eberhard Busch, The Great Passion: An Introduction to Karl Barth's Theology (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004)

* Geoffrey W. Bromiley, Introduction to the Theology of Karl Barth (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1979)

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——, ‘Karl Barth’s Christology: Its Basic Chalcedonian Character’, in Disruptive Grace: Studies in the Theology of Karl Barth (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2001), 131–47

Martin Kähler, The So-Called Historical Jesus and the Historic, Biblical Christ, trans. Carl E. Braaten (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1964)

** Bruce L. McCormack, Karl Barth’s Critically Realistic Dialectical Theology: Its Genesis and Development, 1909-1936 (New York: OUP, 1997)

——, ‘Karl Barth’s Historicized Christology: Just How “Chalcedonian” Is It?’, in Orthodox and Modern: Studies in the Theology of Karl Barth (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2008), 201–34

Adam Neder, Participation in Christ: An Entry into Karl Barth’s Church Dogmatics (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 2009), 58–80

Darren O. Sumner, Karl Barth and the Incarnation: Christology and the Humility of God (London: Bloomsbury, 2014)

Stephen H. Webb, ‘Karl Barth’s Christological Metaphysics’, in Jesus Christ, Eternal God: Heavenly Flesh and the Metaphysics of Matter (Oxford: OUP, 2012), 209–42

Rudolf Bultmann Rudolf Bultmann, Jesus and the Word, trans. Louise Pettibone Smith and Erminie Huntress

Lantero (London: I. Nicholson & Watson, 1935)——, Jesus Christ and Mythology (London: SCM Press, 1958)Hans Werner Bartsch (ed.), Kerygma and Myth: A Theological Debate (London: SPCK,

1953–62)

David Ferguson, Bultmann (London: Chapman, 1992)Roger A. Johnson, The Origins of Demythologizing: Philosophy and Historiography in the

Theology of Rudolf Bultmann (Leiden: Brill, 1974)Roger A. Johnson (ed.), Rudolf Bultmann: Interpreting Faith for the Modern Era (London:

Collins, 1987)Gareth Jones, Bultmann: Toward a Critical Theology (Cambridge: Polity, 1991)James F. Kay, Christus Praesens: A Reconsideration of Rudolf Bultmann’s Christology

(Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1994)Tim Labron, Bultmann Unlocked (London: T&T Clark, 2010)John Macquarrie, Jesus Christ in Modern Thought (London: SCM, 1990)John Painter, Theology as Hermeneutics: Rudolf Bultmann’s Interpretation of the History

of Jesus (Sheffield: Almond Press, 1987)Robert Campbell Roberts, Rudolf Bultmann’s Theology: A Critical Interpretation (London:

SPCK, 1977)

Vatican II‘Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation’ (Dei Verbum), in The Documents of Vatican

II, ed. Walter M. Abbott, trans. ed. Joseph Gallagher (London: Geoffrey Chapman, 1966), 111–28; alternative edition: Vatican Council II: The Conciliar and Post-Conciliar Documents, ed. Austin Flannery (rev. edn; Dublin: Dominican Publications, 1992)

Massimo Faggioli, Vatican II: The Battle for Meaning (New York: Paulist Press, 2012)Mary Healy, ‘Inspiration and Incarnation: The Christological Analogy and the

Hermeneutics of Faith’, Letter & Spirit 2 (2006), 27–41Matthew L. Lamb and Matthew Levering (eds), Vatican II: Renewal within Tradition

(Oxford: OUP, 2008), 55–100René Latourelle, Theology of Revelation: Including a Commentary on the Constitution ‘Dei

Verbum’ of Vatican II (Cork: Mercier, 1968)

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Gerald O’Collins, The Second Vatican Council: Message and Meaning (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2014), 140–57

The Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Interpretation of the Bible in the Church (Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1993)

Joseph Ratzinger, ‘Biblical Interpretation in Conflict: On the Foundations and the Itinerary of Exegesis Today’, in Opening Up the Scriptures: Joseph Ratzinger and the Foundations of Biblical Interpretation, ed. José Granados, Carlos Granados, and Luis Sánchez-Navarro (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2008), 1–29

Joseph Ratzinger, Alois Grillmeier, and Béda Rigaux, ‘Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation’, in Commentary on the Documents of Vatican II, ed. Herbert Vorgrimler (New York: Herder and Herder, 1969), vol. 3, 155–272

Jared Wicks, ‘Vatican II on Revelation—From Behind the Scenes’, Theological Studies 71 (2010), 637–50

Karl Rahner Karl Rahner, Foundations of Christian Faith: An Introduction to the Idea of Christianity,

trans. William V. Dych (London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1978)Theological Investigations (vols 1–20, London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1963–92):

‘Current Problems in Christology’, vol. 1, 149–200; ‘On the Theology of the Incarnation’, vol. 4, 105–20; ‘Christology within an Evolutionary View of the World’, vol. 5, 157–92; ‘Dogmatic Reflections on the Knowledge and Self-Consciousness of Christ’, vol. 5, 193–215; Mysteries in the Life of Christ, vol. 7, 121–201; ‘The Positions of Christology in the Church between Exegesis and Dogmatics’, vol. 11, 185–214; ‘Remarks on the Importance of the History of Jesus for Catholic Dogmatics’, vol. 13, 201–12; ‘Jesus Christ in the Non-Christian Religions’, vol. 17, 39–50

Patrick Burke, Reinterpreting Rahner: A Critical Study of His Major Themes (New York: Fordham UP, 2002), 128–58

Leo J. Donovan (ed.), A World of Grace: An Introduction to the Themes and Foundations of Karl Rahner’s Theology (New York: Seabury, 1980), 92–119

Philip Endean, ‘Rahner, Christology and Grace’, Heythrop Journal 37 (1996), 284–97Mark F. Fischer, The Foundations of Karl Rahner: A Paraphrase of the Foundations of

Christian Faith (New York: Crossroad, 2005)——, ‘Rahner’s “New Christology” in Foundations of Christian Faith’, Philosophy and

Theology 22 (2010), 389–404——, ‘Karl Rahner’s Transcendental Christology’, Philosophy and Theology 26 (2014), 383–

95Karen Kilby, The SPCK Introduction to Karl Rahner (rev. edn; London: SPCK, 2007)John M. McDermott, ‘The Christologies of Karl Rahner’, Part I, Gregorianum 67.1 (1986),

87-122; Part II, Gregorianum 67.2 (1986), 297-327Bruce Marshall, Christology in Conflict: The Identity of a Saviour in Rahner and Barth

(Oxford: Blackwell, 1987)Roman A. Siebenrock, ‘Christology’, in The Cambridge Companion to Karl Rahner, ed.

Declan Marmion and Mary E. Hines (Cambridge: CUP, 2005), 112–27

Edward Schillebeeckx Edward Schillebeeckx, Christ, the Sacrament of Encounter with God, trans. Paul Barrett

and Lawrence Bright (London: Sheed and Ward, 1963); revised edition: The Collected Works of Edward Schillebeeckx (London: Bloomsbury, 2014), vol. 1

——, Jesus: An Experiment in Christology, trans. Hubert Hoskins (London: Collins, 1979); Collected Works, vol. 6

——, Christ: The Christian Experience in the Modern World, trans. John Bowden (London: SCM, 1980); Collected Works, vol. 7

——, Interim Report on the Books Jesus and Christ, trans. John Bowden (London: SCM, 1980); Collected Works, vol. 8

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Marguerite Thabit Abdul-Masih, Hans Frei and Edward Schillebeeckx: A Conversation on Method and Christology (Waterloo, ON: Canadian Corporation for Studies in Religion, 2001), 51–122

Louis Dupré, ‘Experience and Interpretation: A Philosophical Reflection on Schillebeeckx’ Jesus and Christ’, Theological Studies 43 (1982), 30–51

G. Fackre, ‘Bones Strong and Weak in the Skeletal Structure of Schillebeeckx’s Christology’, Journal of Ecumenical Studies 21 (1984), 248–77

Jennifer Cooper, Humanity in the Mystery of God: The Theological Anthropology of Edward Schillebeeckx (London: T&T Clark, 2009)

* Philip Kennedy, Schillebeeckx (London: Chapman, 1993)Kathleen Anne McManus, OP, Unbroken Communion: The Place and Meaning of Suffering

in the Theology of Edward Schillebeeckx (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003), 75–122

Aloysius Rego, Suffering and Salvation: The Salvific Meaning of Suffering in the Later Theology of Edward Schillebeeckx (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2006)

Leo Scheffczyk, ‘Christology in the Context of Experience: An Interpretation of Christ by Edward Schillebeeckx’, The Thomist 48 (1984), 383–408

Robert J. Schreiter, ‘Edward Schillebeeckx’, in The Modern Theologians, ed. David F. Ford (Oxford: Blackwell, 1989)

—— and Mary Catherine Hilkert (eds), The Praxis of the Reign of God: An Introduction to the Theology of Edward Schillebeeckx (2nd edn; New York: Fordham UP, 2002)

Feminist ChristologiesThomas Bohache, Christology from the Margins (London: SCM Press, 2008), 103–53Rita Nakashima Brock, Journeys by Heart: A Christology of Erotic Power (New York:

Crossroad, 1988)Joan Gibson, ‘Could Christ Have Been Born a Woman? A Medieval Debate’, Journal of

Feminist Studies in Religion 8.1 (1992), 65–82Jacquelyn Grant, White Women’s Christ and Black Women’s Jesus: Feminist Christology

and Womanist Response (Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press, 1989)Arnfríður Gudmundsdóttir, Meeting God on the Cross: Christ, the Cross, and the Feminist

Critique (Oxford: OUP, 2010)Julie M. Hopkins, Towards a Feminist Christology: Jesus of Nazareth, European Women,

and the Christological Crisis (London: SPCK, 1994)Lisa Isherwood, Introducing Feminist Christologies (London: Sheffield Academic Press,

2001)Elizabeth A. Johnson, Consider Jesus: Waves of Renewal in Christology (London: Geoffrey

Chapman, 1990)Rosemary Radford Ruether, To Change the World: Christologies and Cultural Criticism

(London: SCM Press, 1981)Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza, Jesus: Miriam’s Child, Sophia’s Prophet: Critical Issues in

Feminist Christology (London: SCM, 1995)——, Jesus and the Politics of Interpretation (New York: Continuum, 2000)

ApocryphaBart D. Ehrman and Zlatko Pleše (eds), The Apocryphal Gospels: Texts and Translations

(Oxford: OUP, 2011); other editions: J. Keith Elliott, The Apocryphal New Testament: A Collection of Apocryphal Christian Literature in an English Translation Based on M.R. James (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993); Wilhelm Schneemelcher, New Testament Apocrypha, trans. R. McL. Wilson (Cambridge: Clarke, 1991–92)

Tony Burke, Secret Scripture Revealed: A New Introduction to the Christian Apocrypha (London: SPCK, 2013)

J. Keith Elliott, The Apocryphal Jesus: Legends of the Early Church (Oxford: OUP, 1996)Majella Franzmann, Jesus in the Nag Hammadi Writings (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1996)Simon J. Gathercole, The Gospel of Judas: Rewriting Early Christianity (Oxford: OUP, 2007)

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Andrew Gregory and Christopher Tuckett, The Oxford Handbook to the Early Christian Apocrypha (Oxford: OUP, 2015)

C.W. Hedrick (ed.), The Historical Jesus and the Rejected Gospels (Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press, 1988)

Tom Holmén and Stanley E. Porter (eds), Handbook for the Study of the Historical Jesus (Leiden: Brill, 2010), vol. 3, 2059–2118

Hans-Josef Klauck, Apocryphal Gospels: An Introduction, trans. Brian McNeil (London: T&T Clark, 2003)

A.F.J. Klijn, Jewish-Christian Gospel Tradition (Leiden: Brill, 1992)Helmut Koester, Ancient Christian Gospels: Their History and Development (London: SCM

Press, 1990)Philip Jenkins, The Many Faces of Christ: The Thousand-Year Story of the Survival and

Influence of the Lost Gospels (New York: Basic Books, 2015)Elaine H. Pagels, The Gnostic Gospels (New York: Vintage, 1979)Francis Watson, Gospel Writing: A Canonical Perspective (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans,

2013)

The Gospel of NicodemusR.J. Hoffman, ‘Confluence in Early Christian and Gnostic Literature: The Descensus Christi

ad Inferos (Acta Pilati XVII)’, Journal for the Study of the New Testament 10 (1981), 42–60

The Middle-English Harrowing of Hell and Gospel of Nicodemus, ed. William Henry Hulme (London: Early English Text Society, 1961)

J.A. MacCulloch, The Harrowing of Hell: A Comparative Study of an Early Christian Doctrine (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1930)

C. William Marx, ‘The Devil’s Rights in the Vernacular Gospel of Nicodemus and Instructional Writing’, in The Devil’s Rights and the Redemption in the Literature of Medieval England (Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 1995), 80–99

OrigenOrigen, The Song of Songs: Commentary and Homilies , trans. R.P. Lawson (London:

Longmans, Green, 1957) ——, An Exhortation to Martyrdom, Prayer, and Selected Works, trans. Rowan A. Greer

(London: SPCK, 1979)

Augustine Casiday, ’Origen and His Followers’, in The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Christian Mysticism, ed. Julia A. Lamm (Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012), 147–60

Henri Crouzel, Origen, trans. A.S. Worrall (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1989)Ronald E. Heine, Origen: Scholarship in the Service of the Church (Oxford: OUP, 2010)J. Christopher King, Origen on the Song of Songs as the Spirit of Scripture: The

Bridedgroom’s Perfect Marriage-Song (Oxford, 2005)F. Ledegang, Mysterium Ecclesiae: Images of the Church and Its Members in Origen

(Leuven: Leuven UP, 2001), 131–202Andrew Louth, The Origins of the Christian Mystical Tradition: From Plato to Denys

(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981)Bernard McGinn, The Presence of God: A History of Western Christian Mysticism, vol. 1:

The Foundations of Mysticism: Origins to the Fifth Century (London: SCM Press, 1992)C. Macleod, ‘Allegory and Mysticism in Origen and Gregory of Nyssa’, Journal of

Theological Studies 22 (1971), 362–79

Bernard of Clairvaux Bernard of Clairvaux, Sermons on the Song of Songs, trans. Killian Walsh and Irene

Edmonds (Kalamazoo, MI: Cistercian Publications, 1971–80)——, On Loving God, trans. Emero Stiegman (Kalamazoo, MI: Cistercian Publications,

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Michael Casey, Athirst for God: Spiritual Desire in Bernard of Clairvaux’s Sermons on the Song of Songs (Kalamazoo, MI: Cistercian Publications, 1988)

Gillian R. Evans, Bernard of Clairvaux (Oxford: OUP, 2000)Glossa Ordinaria on the Song of Songs, trans. Mary Dove (Kalamazoo, MI: Medieval

Institute Publications, 2004)Brian Patrick McGuire, A Companion to Bernard of Clairvaux (Leiden: Brill, 2011)——, ‘Bernard of Clairvaux and the Cistercian Mystical Tradition’, in The Wiley-Blackwell

Companion to Christian Mysticism, ed. Julia A. Lamm (Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012), 237–50

Richard A. Norris, Jr. (ed.), The Song of Songs Interpreted by Early Christian and Medieval Commentators (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003)

Denys Turner, Eros and Allegory: Medieval Exegesis of the Song of Songs (Kalamazoo, MI: Cistercian Publications, 1995)

Nicholas Cabasilas Nicholas Cabasilas, The Life in Christ, trans. Carmino J. deCatanzaro (Crestwood, NY: St.

Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1974)

J.M. Hussey, ‘Symeon the New Theologian and Nicholas Cabasilas: Similarities and Contrasts in Orthodox Spirituality’, Eastern Churches Review 4 (1972), 131–40

John Meyendorff, Byzantine Hesychasm: Historical, Theological and Social Problems: Collected Studies (London: Variorum Reprints, 1974)

——, Byzantine Theology: Historical Trends and Doctrinal Themes (London: Mowbray, 1974)

——, Christ in Eastern Christian Thought (Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1975)

Panayiotis Nellas, Deification in Christ: Orthodox Perspective on the Nature of the Human Person, trans. Norman Russell (Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1987)

Norman Russell, The Doctrine of Deification in the Greek Patristic Tradition (Oxford: OUP, 2004)

Basil Tatakis, Byzantine Philosophy, trans. Nicholas J. Moutafakis (Indianapolis, IN: Hackett, 2003)

Constantine N. Tsirpanlis, The Liturgical and Mystical Theology of Nicolas Cabasilas (New York: Tsirpanlis, 1979)

Kallistos Ware, ‘The Hesychasts: Gregory of Sinai, Gregory Palamas, Nicolas Cabasilas’, in The Study of Spirituality, ed. Cheslyn Jones, Geoffrey Wainwright, and Edward Yarnold, SJ (Oxford: OUP, 1986), 242–54

William Langland William Langland, Piers Plowman: A New Translation of the B-Text, trans. A.V.C. Schmidt

(Oxford: OUP, 1992)

David Aers, Piers Plowman and Christian Allegory (London: E. Arnold, 1975)——, ‘The Humanity of Christ: Representations in Wycliffite Texts and Piers Plowman’, in

Powers of the Holy: Religion, Politics, and Gender in Late Medieval English, ed. David Aers and Lynn Staley (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State UP, 1996), 43–76

John A. Alford (ed.), A Companion to Piers Plowman (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988)

Anna Baldwin, A Guidebook to Piers Plowman (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007)Mary Clemente Davlin, ‘Chaucer and Langland as Religious Writers’, in William Langland’s

Piers Plowman: A Book of Essays, ed. Kathleen M. Hewett Smith (London: Routledge, 2001), 119–44

Claire Marshall, William Langland, Piers Plowman (Tavistock: Northcote House, 2001)H. Phillips (ed.), Langland, the Mystics and the Medieval English Religious Tradition

(Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 1990)

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James Simpson, The Oxford English Literary History: Reform and Cultural Revolution, 1350–1547 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2004), 322–82

Emily Steiner, Reading Piers Plowman (Cambridge: CUP, 2013), 172–210

Julian of Norwich Julian of Norwich, Revelations of Divine Love, trans. Barry Windeatt (Oxford: OUP, 2015);

other editions: Julian of Norwich: A Critical Edition, ed. Denise N. Baker (New York: Norton, 2004); The Writings of Julian of Norwich: A Vision Showed to a Devout Woman and A Revelation of Love, ed. Nicholas Watson and Jacqueline Jenkins (Turnhout: Brepols, 2006)

Christopher Abbott, Julian of Norwich: Autobiography and Theology (Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 1999)

David Aers, ‘The Humanity of Christ: Reflections on Julian of Norwich’s Revelation of Love’, in Powers of the Holy: Religion, Politics, and Gender in Late Medieval English Culture, ed. David Aers and Lynn Staley (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State UP, 1996), 77–104

Christine Allen, ‘Christ Our Mother in Julian of Norwich’, Studies in Religion 10 (1981), 421–28

** Caroline Walker Bynum, Jesus as Mother: Studies in the Spirituality of the High Middle Ages (University of California Press, 1984)

Kerry Dearborn, ‘The Crucified Christ as the Motherly God: The Theology of Julian of Norwich’, Scottish Journal of Theology 55.3 (2002), 283–303

Grace M. Jantzen, Julian of Norwich: Mystic and Theologian (New York: Paulist Press, 1988)

Liz Herbert McAvoy (ed.), A Companion to Julian of Norwich (Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 2008)

Joan M. Nuth, Wisdom’s Daughter: The Theology of Julian of Norwich (New York: Crossroad, 1991)

Brant Pelphrey, Christ Our Mother: Julian of Norwich (London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1989)

Rosemary Radford Ruether, Visionary Women: Three Medieval Mystics (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2002)

Denys Turner, Julian of Norwich, Theologian (New Haven: Yale UP, 2011)

Thomas à Kempis Thomas à Kempis, The Imitation of Christ, trans. R.M.C. Jeffery (London: Penguin Classics,

2013), Part 1

Giles Constable, ‘The Ideal of the Imitation of Christ’, in Three Studies in Medieval Religious and Social Thought (Cambridge: CUP, 1995), 143–248

Otto Grundler, ‘Devotio Moderna’, in Christian Spirituality: High Middle Ages and Reformation, ed. Jill Raitt with Bernard McGinn and John Meyendorff (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1987), 176–93

Albert Hyma, The Christian Renaissance: A History of the ‘Devotio Moderna’ (2nd edn; Hamden, CT: Archon Books, 1965)

John Van Engen (ed.), Devotio Moderna: Basic Writings (New York: Paulist Press, 1988)

John of the Cross St John of the Cross, Poems, trans. Roy Campbell (London: Harvill, 2000); alternative

edition: The Collected Works of John of the Cross, trans. Kieran Kavanaugh and Otilio Rodriguez (Washington, DC: Institute of Carmelite Studies, 1991)

Gerald Brenan, St John of the Cross: His Life and Poetry (Cambridge: CUP, 1973)

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Richard P. Hardy, Search for Nothing: The Life of St. John of the Cross (London: Darton, Longman, and Todd, 1982)

Elizabeth Teresa Howe, Mystical Imagery: Santa Teresa de Jésus and San Juan de la Cruz (Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1988)

Edward Howells, John of the Cross and Teresa of Avila: Mystical Knowledge and Selfhood (New York, 2002)

——, ‘Spanish Mysticism and Religious Renewal: Ignatius of Loyola, Teresa of Avila, and John of the Cross’, in The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Christian Mysticism, ed. Julia A. Lamm (Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012), 422–36

José C. Nieto, Mystic, Rebel, Saint: A Study of St. John of the Cross (Geneva: Droz, 1979)Peter M. Tyler, St John of the Cross (London: Continuum, 2010)Colin P. Thompson, St John of the Cross: Songs in the Night (London: SPCK, 2002)Desmond B. Tillyer, Union with God: The Teaching of St John of the Cross (London:

Mowbray, 1984)

Teresa of Avila Teresa of Avila, Collected Works, trans. Kieran Kavanaugh and Otilio Rodriguez

(Washington, DC: Institute of Carmelite Studies, 1987)

Joseph F. Chorpenning, The Divine Romance: Teresa of Ávila’s Narrative Theology (Chicago: Loyola UP, 1992)

Julienne McLean, Towards Mystical Union: A Modern Commentary on the Mystical Text The Interior Castle by St Teresa of Avila (London: St Pauls, 2003)

Cathleen Medwick, Teresa of Avila: The Progress of a Soul (London: Duckworth, 2000)Elizabeth Newman, Attending to the Wounds on Christ’s Body: Teresa’s Scriptural Vision

(Cambridge: James Clarke, 2013)José Pereira and Robert Fastiggi, The Mystical Theology of the Catholic Reformation: An

Overview of Baroque Spirituality (Lanham, MD: UP of America, 2006)Carol Slade, St. Teresa of Avila: Author of a Heroic Life (Berkeley: University of California

Press, 1995)Alison Weber, Teresa of Avila and the Rhetoric of Femininity (Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP,

1990)

Edmund Spenser Edmund Spenser, The Shorter Poems, ed. Richard McCabe (Harmondsworth: Penguin,

1999)——, The Faerie Queene, ed. A.C. Hamilton et al. (London: Longman, 2001)

A.C. Hamilton (ed.), The Spenser Encyclopedia (London: Routledge, 1990)Darryl J. Gless, Interpretation and Theology in Spenser (Cambridge: CUP, 1994)Carol V. Kaske, Spenser and Biblical Poetics (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1999)John N. King, Spenser’s Poetry and the Reformation Tradition (Princeton: Princeton UP,

1990)Naseeb Shaheen, Biblical References in The Faerie Queene (Memphis: Memphis State UP,

1976)John N. Wall, Transformations of the Word: Spenser, Herbert, and Vaughan (Athens:

University of Georgia Press, 1988)Harold L. Weatherby, Mirrors of Celestial Grace: Patristic Theology in Spenser’s Allegory

(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1994)Virgil K. Whitaker, The Religious Basis of Spenser’s Thought (Stanford: Stanford UP, 1950)Andrew Zurcher, Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene: A Reading Guide (Edinburgh:

Edinburgh UP, 2011)

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John Donne John Donne, The Divine Poems, ed. Helen Gardner (2nd edn; Oxford: OUP, 1978); other

editions: The Complete English Poems of John Donne, ed. C.A. Patrides (London: Dent, 1985)

Arthur L. Clements, Poetry of Contemplation: John Donne, George Herbert, Henry Vaughan, and the Modern Period (Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1990), 19–80

Theresa M. DiPasquale, Literature and Sacrament: The Sacred and the Secular in John Donne (Pittsburgh, Duquesne UP, 1999)

David L. Edwards, John Donne: Man of Flesh and Spirit (London: Continuum, 2001)Raymond-Jean Frontain and Frances M. Malpezzi (eds), John Donne’s Religious

Imagination: Essays in Honour of John T. Shawcross (Conway: University of Central Arkansas Press, 1995)

Robert S. Jackson, John Donne’s Christian Vocation (Evanston, IL: Northwestern UP, 1970)Jeffrey Johnson, The Theology of John Donne (Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 1999)Barbara Kiefer Lewalski, Protestant Poetics and the Seventeenth-Century Religious Lyric

(Princeton: Princeton UP, 1979)Felecia Wright McDuffie, ‘To Our Bodies Turn We Then’: Body as Word and Sacrament in

the Works of John Donne (New York: Continuum, 2005)P.M. Oliver, Donne’s Religious Writing: A Discourse of Feigned Devotion (Harlow:

Longman, 1997)R.V. Young, Doctrine and Devotion in Seventeenth-Century Poetry: Studies in Donne,

Herbert, Crashaw and Vaughan (Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 2000)

John Milton John Milton, Paradise Lost, ed. Stephen Orgel and Jonathan Goldberg (Oxford: OUP), Book

7‘Paradise Regained’, in Complete Shorter Poems, ed. John Carey (2nd edn; London:

Longman, 1997)The Complete Works of John Milton, vol. 8: De Doctrina Christiana, ed. John K. Hale and J.

Donald Cullington (Oxford: OUP, 2012)

Christopher Bond, Spenser, Milton, and the Redemption of the Epic Hero (Newark: University of Delaware Press), 169–206

Stephen B. Dobranski and John P. Rumrich (eds), Milton and Heresy (Cambridge: CUP, 1998)

Russell M. Hillier, Milton’s Messiah: The Son of God in the Works of John Milton (Oxford: OUP, 2011)

C.S. Lewis, A Preface to Paradise Lost (London: OUP, 1942)Michael Lieb, Theological Milton: Deity, Discourse and Heresy in the Miltonic Canon

(Pittsburgh: Duquesne UP, 2006)Hugh MacCallum, ‘“Most Perfect Hero”: The Role of the Son in Milton’s Theodicy’, in

Paradise Lost: A Tercentenary Tribute, ed. Balachandra Rajan (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1969), 79–105

Nicholas McDowell and Nigel Smith (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Milton (Oxford: OUP, 2009)

Elizabeth Sauer, ‘Discontents with the Drama of Regeneration’, in The New Milton Criticism, ed. Peter C. Herman and Elizabeth Sauer (Cambridge: CUP, 2012), 120–38

John Savoie, ‘The Point of the Pinnacle: Son and Scripture in Paradise Regained’, English Literary Renaissance 34 (2004), 83–124

Hideyuki Shitaka, Milton’s Idea of the Son in the Shaping of ‘Paradise Lost’ as a Christian Epic (Tokyo: Eihosha, 1996)

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Andrew Marvell Andrew Marvell, Selected Poems, ed. Anna Beer (Oxford: OUP, 2012); alternative editions:

The Complete Poems, ed. Elizabeth Story Donno (London: Allen Lane, 1974); The Poems, ed. Nigel Smith (rev. edn; Abingdon: Routledge, 2003)

Warren Chernaik, The Poet’s Time: Politics and Religion in the Work of Andrew Marvell (Cambridge: CUP, 1983)

A.D. Cousins, ‘The Religious Verse’, in Andrew Marvell: Loss and Aspiration, Home and Homeland in Miscellaneous Poems (London: Routledge, 2016), 107–45

Barbara Lewalski, ‘Marvell as Religious Poet’, in Approaches to Marvell: The York Tercentenary Lectures, ed. C.A. Patrides (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1978), 251–79

Robert H. Ray, An Andrew Marvell Companion (London: Garland, 1998)John Spurr, ‘The Poet’s Religion’, in The Cambridge Companion to Andrew Marvell, ed.

Derek Hirst and Steven N. Zwicker (Cambridge: CUP, 2011), 158–73Takashi Yoshinaka, Marvell’s Ambivalence: Religion and the Politics of Imagination in Mid-

Seventeenth-Century England (Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 2011)

William Blake William Blake, The Complete Poetry and Prose, ed. David V Erdman (New York: Anchor

Books, 1988)

Thomas J.J. Altizer, The New Apocalypse: The Radical Christian Vision of William Blake (East Lansing, MI: Michigan State UP, 1967)

Magnus Ankarsjo , William Blake and Religion: A New Critical View (Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2009)

S. Foster Damon, A Blake Dictionary: The Ideas and Symbols of William Blake (Providence, RI: Brown UP, 1965)

J.G. Davies, The Theology of William Blake (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1948)Harold Fisch, The Biblical Presence in Shakespeare, Milton, and Blake: A Comparative

Study (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999)A.D. Nuttall, The Alternative Trinity: Gnostic Heresy in Marlowe, Milton and Blake (Oxford:

Clarendon Press, 1998)Stephen Prickett and Christopher Strathman, ‘Blake and the Bible’, in Palgrave Advances

in William Blake Studies, ed. Nicholas M. Williams (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), 109–31

Robert Rix, William Blake and the Cultures of Radical Christianity (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007)

Jonathan Roberts, Blake. Wordsworth. Religion (London: Continuum, 2010)Christopher Rowland, Blake and the Bible (New Haven, CT: Yale UP, 2010)Robert M. Ryan, ‘Blake and Religion’, in The Cambridge Companion to William Blake, ed.

Morris Eaves (Cambridge: CUP, 2003), 150–68

Robert Browning The Poems, ed. John Pettigrew (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1981); other editions: Selected

Poems, ed. Julia Geddes (Oxford: OUP, 2011); The Major Works, ed. Adam Roberts (Oxford: OUP, 2009); The Poems, ed. John Woolford and Daniel Karlin (London: Longman, 1991–); The Poetical Works, ed. Ian Jack, et al. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983–); The Complete Works, ed. Roma A. King, Jr., et al. (Athens, OH: Ohio UP, 1969–2011)

Vincent P. Anderson, Robert Browning as a Religious Poet: An Annotated Bibliography of the Criticism (Troy, NY: Whitston, 1983)

Suzanne Bailey, ‘“Decomposing” Texts: Browning’s Poetics and Higher-Critical Parody’, in Victorian Religious Discourse: New Directions in Criticism, ed. Jude V. Nixon (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004), 117–130

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R.L. Brett, Faith and Doubt: Religion and Secularization in Literature (Cambridge: James Clarke, 1997)

G.K. Chesterton, Robert Browning (London: Macmillan, 1903)Stefan Hawlin, The Complete Critical Guide to Robert Browning (London: Routledge,

2002)Hugh Martin, The Faith of Robert Browning (London: SCM Press, 1963)J. Hillis Miller, The Disappearance of God: Five Nineteenth-Century Writers (Cambridge,

MA: Belknap Press, 1963)W.O. Raymond, ‘Browning and the Higher Criticism’, in The Infinite Moment and Other

Essays in Browning (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1965)Elinor Shaffer, Kubla Khan and the Fall of Jerusalem: The Mythological School in Biblical

Criticism and Secular Literature: 1770–1880 (CUP, 1970)William Whitla, The Central Truth: The Incarnation in Robert Browning’s Poetry (Toronto:

University of Toronto Press, 1963)

The Way of a PilgrimThe Way of a Pilgrim; and, The Pilgrim Continues His Way, trans. R.M. French (London:

SPCK, 2012); The Way of a Pilgrim: Annotated and Explained, trans. Gleb Pokrovsky (London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 2003)

Sergius Bolshakoff, Russian Mystics (London: Mowbray, 1977)Igumen Chariton of Valamo, The Art of Prayer: An Orthodox Anthology, trans. E.

Kadloubovsky and E.M. Palmer, ed. Timothy Ware (London: Faber, 1997)Mary B. Cunningham, ‘The Place of the Jesus Prayer in the Philokalia’, in The Philokalia: A

Classic Text of Orthodox Spirituality, ed. Brock Bingaman and Bradley Nassif (Oxford: OUP, 2012), 195–202

G.P. Fedotov, The Russian Religious Mind (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1966)John McGuckin, The Orthodox Church: An Introduction to Its History, Doctrine, and

Spiritual Culture (Oxford: Blackwell, 2008), 346–54George Maloney, SJ, Prayer of the Heart: The Contemplative Tradition of the Christian

East (rev. edn; Notre Dame, IN: Ave Maria Press, 2008)Philip Sherrard, ‘The Revival of Hesychast Spirituality’, in Christian Spirituality: Post-

Reformation and Modern, ed. Louis Dupré, Don E. Saliers, and John Meyendorff (New York: Crossroad, 1989)

Kallistos Ware, ‘The Hesychast Renaissance’, in The Study of Spirituality, ed. Cheslyn Jones, Geoffrey Wainwright, and Edward Yarnold (London: SPCK, 1986)

Writings from the Philokalia on Prayer of the Heart, trans. E. Kadloubovsky and G.E.H. Palmer (London: Faber and Faber, 1951)

Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821–1881)Fyodor Dostoevsky, The Karamazov Brothers, trans. Ignat Avsey (Oxford: OUP, 2008);

other translations: The Brothers Karamazov, trans. Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (London: Quartet, 1990); The Brothers Karamazov: A Novel in Four Parts and an Epilogue, trans. David McDuff (London: Penguin, 1993)

Robert L. Belknap, The Genesis of The Brothers Karamazov: The Aesthetics, Ideology and Psychology of Making a Text (Evanston, IL: Northwestern UP, 1990)

Steven Cassedy, Dostoevsky’s Religion (Stanford: Stanford UP, 2006)David S. Cunningham, ‘“The Brothers Karamazov” as Trinitarian Theology’, in Dostoevsky

and the Christian Tradition, ed. George Pattison and Diane Oenning Thompson (Cambridge: CUP, 2001), 134–55

Joseph Frank, Dostoevsky: The Mantle of the Prophet, 1871–1881 (Princeton: Princeton UP, 2002)

William Hamilton, ‘Banished from the Land of Unity: Dostoevsky’s Religious Vision through the Eyes of Dmitry, Ivan and Alyosha Karamazov’, in Radical Theology and the Death of God, by Thomas J. Altizer and William Hamilton (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968), 64–94

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Malcolm Jones, ‘Dostoevskii and Religion’, in The Cambridge Companion to Dostoevskii, ed. W.J. Leatherbarrow (Cambridge: CUP, 2002), 148–74

——, Dostoevsky and the Dynamics of Religious Experience (London: Anthem Press, 2005)James Scanlan, Dostoevsky the Thinker (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2002)Victor Terras, A Karamazov Companion (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1981)Rowan Williams, Dostoevsy: Language, Faith, and Fiction (London: Continuum, 2008)

George MooreThe Apostle: A Drama in Three Acts (Dublin: Maunsel, 1911)The Brook Kerith: A Syrian Story (London: T. Warner Laurie, 1916); alternative edition:

The Brook Kerith (London: Penguin Books, 1952)Letters from George Moore to Édouard Dujardin, 1886–1922, ed. John Eglinton (New York:

C. Gaige, 1926)

Richard Allen Cave, A Study of the Novels of George Moore (Gerrards Cross: Smythe, 1978)

Peter Christensen, ‘The Brook Kerith and the Search for the Historical Jesus’, in George Moore: Artistic Visions and Literary Worlds, ed. Mary Pierse (Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Press, 2006), 115–28

Édouard Dujardin, The Source of the Christian Tradition: A Critical History of Ancient Judaism, trans. Joseph McCabe (Chicago: Open Court, 1911)

Adrian Frazier, George Moore, 1852–1933 (New Haven, CT: Yale UP, 2000)Elizabeth Grubgeld, George Moore and the Autogenous Self: The Autobiography and

Fiction (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse UP, 1994)Harold Orel, ‘George Moore’s The Brook Kerith (1916)’, in Popular Fiction in England,

1914–1918 (Lexington, KY: The University of Kentucky Press, 1992), 49–64Jennifer Stevens, The Historical Jesus and the Literary Imagination, 1860–1920 (Liverpool:

Liverpool UP, 2010), 217–81

Nikos KazantzakisNikos Kazantzakis, Christ Recrucified, trans. Jonathan Griffin (London: Faber and Faber,

1954)——, The Last Temptation, trans. Peter A. Bien (London: Faber and Faber, 1975)

Peter A. Bien, Tempted by Happiness: Kazantzakis’ Post-Christian Christ (Wallingford, PA: Pendle Hill, 1984)

Richard W. Chilson, ‘The Christ of Nikos Kazantzakis’, Thought 47 (1972), 69–89F.W. Dillistone, The Novelist and the Passion Story (London: Sheed and Ward, 1960), 69–

91Daniel A. Dombrowski, Kazantzakis and God (Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1997)Frederick J. Hoffman, The Imagination’s New Beginning: Theology and Modern Literature

(Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1967), 49–72Morton Levitt, ‘The Modernist Kazantzakis and The Last Temptation of Christ’, Mosaic 6.2

(1973), 103–24Darren J. N. Middleton, Broken Hallelujah: Nikos Kazantzakis and Christian Theology

(Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2006)—— (ed.), Scandalizing Jesus? Kazantzakis’s The Last Temptation of Christ Fifty Years On

(New York: Continuum, 2005)—— and Peter A. Bien (eds), God’s Struggler: Religion in the Writings of Nikos Kazantzakis

(Macon, GA: Mercer UP, 1996)

Robert GravesRobert Graves, King Jesus (London: Cassell, 1946); new edition: King Jesus and My Head!

My Head! ed. Robert A. Davis (Manchester: Carcanet, 2006)

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John Michael Cohen, Robert Graves (Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1960)A.G.G. Gibson (ed.), Robert Graves and the Classical Tradition (Oxford: OUP, 2015)Richard Perceval Graves, Robert Graves and The White Goddess, 1940–85 (London:

Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1995) Hyam Maccoby, ’Robert Graves and The Nazarene Gospel Restored’, Gravesiana 1 (1996),

46–51D. Psilopoulos, ‘Robert Graves, the Esoteric Tradition, and the New Religion’, in New

Perspectives on Robert Graves, ed. Patrick J. Quinn (Selinsgrove, PA: Susquehanna UP, 1999), 159–71

Martin Seymour-Smith, Robert Graves: His Life and Work (rev. edn; London: Bloomsbury, 1995)

José Saramago José Saramago, The Gospel according to Jesus Christ, trans. Giovanni Pontiero (London:

Harvill, 1993)

Ziva Ben-Porat, ‘Saramago’s Gospel and the Politics of Prototypical Rewriting’, Journal of Romance Studies 3.3 (2003): 93-105

David Gibson Frier, The Novels of José Saramago (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2007)H. Kaufman, ‘Evangelical Truths: José Saramago on the Life of Christ’, Revista Hispanica

Moderna 47 (1994), 449–58Bruce W. Longenecker, ‘The Challenge of a “Hopeless” God: Negotiating José Saramago’s

Novel The Gospel according to Jesus Christ’, in Art, Imagination and Christian Hope: Patterns of Promise, ed. Trevor A. Hart, Jeremy Begbie, and Gavin Hopps (Farnham: Ashgate, 2012)

Philip PullmanPhilip Pullman, The Amber Spyglass; Northern Lights; The Subtle Knife (London:

Scholastic, 2001)——, The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ (Edinburgh: Canongate, 2010)

Arthur Bradley and Andrew Tate, The New Atheist Novel: Fiction, Philosophy and Polemic after 9/11 (London: Continuum, 2010)

William Gray, Fantasy, Myth and the Measure of Truth: Tales of Pullman, Lewis, Tolkien, MacDonald and Hoffmann (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009)

Graham Holderness, ‘“The Undiscovered Country”: Philip Pullman and the “Land of the Dead”’, Literature and Theology 21.3 (2007), 276–92

Gerald O’Collins, Philip Pullman’s Jesus (London: Darton, Longman & Todd, 2010)Hugh Rayment-Pickard, The Devil’s Account: Philip Pullman and Christianity (London:

Darton, Longman and Todd, 2004)

Literature—GeneralJ.A.W. Bennett, The Poetry of the Passion: Studies in Twelve Centuries of English Verse

(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982)Paul C. Burns (ed.), Jesus in Twentieth Century Literature, Art, and Movies (London:

Continuum, 2007)** Andrew Hass, David Jasper, and Elisabeth Jay (eds), The Oxford Handbook of English

Literature and Theology (Oxford: OUP, 2007)Graham Holderness, Re-writing Jesus: Christ in 20th-Century Fiction and Film (London:

Bloomsbury, 2015)Jeffrey Keuss, A Poetics of Jesus: The Search for Christ through Writing in the Nineteenth

Century (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2002)Warren S. Kissinger, The Lives of Jesus: A History and Bibliography (New York: Garland,

1985)

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Magdalena Mączyńska, The Gospel according to the Novelist: Religious Scripture and Contemporary Fiction (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2015)

Francesca Aran Murphy, Christ the Form of Beauty: A Study in Theology and Literature (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1995)

Peggy Rosenthal, The Poets’ Jesus: Representations at the End of a Millennium (Oxford: OUP, 2000)

Icons and PaintingHans Belting, Likeness and Presence: A History of the Image before the Era of Art, trans.

Edmund Jephcott (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994) Gabriele Finaldi, The Image of Christ (London: National Gallery, 2000)Robin Margaret Jensen, Face to Face: Portraits of the Divine in Early Christianity

(Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2005)David Morgan, The Forge of Vision: A Visual History of Modern Christianity (Berkeley:

University of California Press, 2015), 168–95Christoph Schönborn, God’s Human Face: The Christ-Icon (San Francisco: Ignatius Press,

1994)C.A. Tsakiridou, Icons in Time, Persons in Eternity: Orthodox Theology and the Aesthetics

of the Christian Image (Farnham: Ashgate, 2013)

FilmLloyd Baugh, Imaging the Divine: Jesus and Christ-Figures in Film (London: Sheed and

Ward, 1997)M.E. Brinkman, Jesus Incognito: The Hidden Christ in Western Art since 1960

(Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2013)Paul C. Burns (ed.), Jesus in Twentieth Century Literature, Art, and Movies (London:

Continuum, 2007)Roy Kinnard and Tim Davis, Divine Images: The History of Jesus on the Screen (New York:

Citadel, 1992)Robert Pope, Salvation in Celluloid: Theology, Imagination and Film (London: T&T Clark,

2007)Adele Reinhartz, Jesus of Hollywood (Oxford: OUP, 2007)David Shepherd, Images of the Word: Hollywood’s Bible and Beyond (Leiden: Brill, 2008)

Beyond Christianity—General / ReferenceGregory A. Barker (ed.), Jesus in the World’s Faiths: Leading Thinkers from Five Religions

Reflect on His Meaning (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2005)Gregory A. Barker and Stephen E. Gregg (eds), Jesus Beyond Christianity: The Classic

Texts (Oxford: OUP, 2010)Robert F. Berkey and Sarah A. Edwards (eds), Christology in Dialogue (Cleveland, OH:

Pilgrim Press, 1993)Jacques Dupuis, Jesus Christ at the Encounter of World Religions, trans. Robert R. Barr

(Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1991)Paul J. Griffiths, Christianity through Non-Christian Eyes (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1990)* Veli-Matti Ka rkkainen, Christology: A Global Introduction (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker

Academic, 2003)Anton Wessels, Images of Jesus: How Jesus is Perceived and Portrayed in Non-European

Cultures (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1990)

JudaismDaniel Boyarin, The Jewish Gospels: The Story of the Jewish Christ (New York: New Press,

2012)

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Ellen T. Charry, ‘The Doctrine of God in Jewish–Christian Dialogue’, in The Oxford Handbook of the Trinity, ed. Gilles Emery, OP, and Matthew Levering (Oxford: OUP, 2011), 559–72

Paul Copan and Craig A. Evans, Who Was Jesus? A Jewish-Christian Dialogue (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 2001)

Tikva Frymer-Kensky et al., Christianity in Jewish Terms (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2000)

Zev Garber, The Jewish Jesus: Revelation, Reflection, Reclamation (West Lafayette, IN: Purdue UP, 2011)

Morris Goldstein, Jesus in the Jewish Tradition (New York: Macmillan, 1950)R. Travers Herford, Christianity in Talmud and Midrash (New York: Ktav, 1975)Matthew B. Hoffman, From Rebel to Rabbi: Reclaiming Jesus and the Making of Modern

Jewish Culture (Stanford, CA: Stanford UP, 2007)Pinchas Lapide, Israelis, Jews, and Jesus, trans. Peter Heinegg (Garden City, NY:

Doubleday, 1979)Jacob Neusner, A Rabbi Talks with Jesus (rev. edn; Montreal: McGill-Queen’s UP, 2000)Neat Stahl, Jesus among the Jews: Representation and Thought (London: Routledge, 2012)Peter Schäfer, Jesus in the Talmud (Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 2007)Arthur E. Zannoni (ed.), Jews and Christians Speak of Jesus (Minneapolis: Fortress Press,

1994)

IslamMahmoud M. Ayoub, A Muslim View of Christianity: Essays on Dialogue, ed. Irfan A. Omar

(New York: Orbis, 2007), 111–86Kenneth Cragg, Jesus and the Muslim: An Exploration (London: Allen & Unwin, 1985)Hugh Goddard, Muslim Perceptions of Christianity (London: Grey Seal, 1996)Tarif Khalidi, The Muslim Jesus: Sayings and Stories in Islamic Literature (Cambridge, MA:

Harvard UP, 2001)Oddbjørn Leirvik, Images of Jesus Christ in Islam (2nd edn; London: Continuum, 2010)Geoffrey Parrinder, Jesus in the Qur’an (London: Faber and Faber, 1965)Heikki Ra isanen, ‘The Portrait of Jesus in the Qur’an: Reflections of a Biblical Scholar’,

Muslim World 70, (1980), 122–33Lloyd Ridgeon (ed.), Islamic Interpretations of Christianity (Richmond: Curzon, 2001)Neal Robinson, Christ in Islam and Christianity: The Representation of Jesus in the Qur’ān

and the Classical Muslim Commentaries (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1991)Zeki Sarıtoprak, Islam’s Jesus (Gainesville: UP of Florida, 2014)W. Montgomery Watt, Muslim-Christian Encounters: Perceptions and Misperceptions

(London: Routledge, 1991)A.H. Mathias Zahniser, The Mission and Death of Jesus in Islam and Christianity

(Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2008)

HinduismSwami Akhilananda, Hindu View of Christ (New York: Philosophical Library, 1949)Sandy Bharat, Christ across the Ganges: Hindu Responses to Jesus (Winchester: O Books,

2007)M.K. Gandhi, The Message of Jesus Christ (Bombay: Bharatiya Viya Bhavan, 1965)Sita Ram Goel, History of Hindu-Christian Encounters AD 304 to 1996 (rev. edn; New

Delhi: Voice of India, 1996)Kristin Johnston Largen, Baby Krishna, Infant Christ: A Comparative Theology of Salvation

(Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2011)Ovey N. Mohammed, ‘Jesus and Krishna’, Journal of Ecumenical Studies 26.4 (1989), 664–

80Ronald Neufeldt, ‘Hindu Views of Christ’, in Hindu–Christian Dialogue: Perspectives and

Encounters, ed. Harold Coward (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1990), 162–75Ravi Ravindra, The Yoga of the Christ (Shaftesbury: Element Books, 1990)Jan Peter Schouten, Jesus as Guru: The Image of Christ among Hindus and Christians in

India, trans. Henry and Lucy Jansen (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2008)

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Thomasine ChristianityL.P. van den Bosch, ‘India and the Apostolate of St. Thomas’, in The Apocryphal Acts of

Thomas, ed. Jan N. Bremmer (Leuven: Peeters, 2001), 125–48Robert Eric Frykenberg, Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present (Oxford:

OUP, 2008), 91–115A.F.J. Klijn, The Acts of Thomas: Introduction, Text, Commentary (Leiden: Brill, 1962)S. Neill, A History of Christianity in India: The Beginnings to AD 1707 (Cambridge: CUP,

1984)

Christianity and HinduismRaimundo Panikkar, The Unknown Christ of Hinduism: Towards an Ecumenical

Christophany (1964; rev. edn: Maryknoll: Orbis, 1981)Hans Staffner, Jesus Christ and the Hindu Community: Is a Synthesis of Hinduism and

Christianity Possible? (Anand, India: Gujarat Sahitya Prakash, 1968)M. M. Thomas, The Acknowledged Christ of the Indian Renaissance (London: SCM Press,

1969)

BuddhismMarcus Borg (ed.), Jesus and the Buddha: The Parallel Sayings (London: D. Baird, 2002)Gunapala Dharmasiri, A Buddhist Critique of the Christian Concept of God (Antioch, CA:

Golden Leaves, 1988)Robert Elinor, Buddha and Christ: Images of Wholeness (Cambridge: Lutterworth, 2000)Rita M. Gross and Terry C. Muck (eds), Buddhists Talk about Jesus, Christians Talk about

the Buddha (New York: Continuum, 2003)Thích Nhất Hạnh, Living Buddha, Living Christ (London: Rider, 1995)Hee-Sung Keel, ‘Jesus the Bodhisattva: Christology from a Buddhist Perspective’, Buddhist

Christian Studies 16 (1996), 169–85Leo D. Lefebure, The Buddha and the Christ: Explorations in Buddhist- Christian Dialogue

(Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1993)Donald S. Lopez and Stephen C. Rockerfeller (eds), The Christ and the Bodhisattva (New

York: SUNY Press, 1987)Perry Schmidt-Leukel (ed.), Buddhism and Christianity in Dialogue: The Gerald Weisfeld

Lectures 2004 (Norwich: SCM Press, 2005), 151–214Friedrich Seifert, ‘Historical-Critical Analysis and Buddhist-Christian Dialogue’, Buddhist

Christian Studies 2 (1982), 63–76D.T. Suzuki, Mysticism: Christian and Buddhist (London: Allen & Unwin, 1957)