13 Colonies

The New England Colonies

Massachusetts (Maine)

New Hampshire

Rhode IslandConnecticut

Massachusetts

Picture Credit: http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/OakViewES/harris/97-98/america/colonization/colonies-ne/ne-intro.html

Reasons for coming to the USA.

Some people didn’t like the Church of England.

They wanted the Church to be more pure. These people were called Puritans.

They decided to start a colony in the North East part of the USA.

Settling in Massachusetts John Winthrop was

the leader of the Puritans.

Massachusetts means at or near the great hill in Algonkian, Native American language.

The colony’s first settlement was Boston along the Charles River.

Picture Credit:

http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl310/winthrop.htm

Colonial Life Massachusetts and

Connecticut had laws saying that if there were 50 families, a teacher needed to be hired and a school setup.

These schools were called grammar or writing schools.Picture Credit:

http://alumni.cc.gettysburg.edu/~s330558/schooling.html

Schools

Boys went to grammar schools while girls went to dame school.

There was no chalkboards, maps, or paper.

School teachers were strict and were allowed to hit their students or make them wear a dunce hat.

Thomas Hooker

He left Massachusetts to live in Connecticut because he didn’t like the way the Puritans lived.

IN 1639,Connecticut had the FIRST WRITTEN LAWS IN NORTH AMERICA.

Roger Williams

Roger Williams believed you should tolerate other people’s beliefs in God.

He left Massachusetts and started a colony, Providence.

Picture Credit: www.nuwc.navy.mil/hq/ history/0003.html

Anne Hutchinson Anne Hutchinson was a

woman who believed you could go directly to God so you could pray to God without going through a priest.

She moved to Providence with Roger Williams and started the Rhode Island Colony.

Picture Credit: www.pbs.org/.../kids/civilrights/ features_hutchison.html

Life in the Colonies

The Puritans had their own laws for Courtship.

Middle Colonies

The Middle colonies included:

New York (NY) , New Jersey (NJ) , Delaware (DE),

and Pennsylvania (PA).

Picture Credit:http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/graphics/13mapnew.htm

NY

NJ

DE

PA

Climate

Good farming land (grains) Livestock, rivers and hills. Harbors.

Picture Credit: www.greenworks.tv/efp/ Lan_Farm_Trust.htm

People Groups

People came from Germany, Scotland & Ireland.

-Quakers (plain living, peaceful, against slavery and dancing)

-Germans (Pennsylvania Dutch, skilled workers and loved music).

-Scotch-Irish farmed and hunted.

Picture Credit: www.lmce.com/~marko/ celtic.html

Interesting Facts about Middle Colonies

-Called Breadbasket of Colonial America. The farmers raised a surplus so they could sell.

-Germans invented Pennsylvania rifle & Conestoga wagon.

-Philadelphia means brotherly love.

Picture Credit: www.si.edu/resource/faq/ nmah/carriage.htm

Dutch Settlement 1609, the English explorer, Henry Hudson, in the employ of the Dutch, claimed territory in America for the Netherlands • The colony of New Netherland and its principal town, New Amsterdam, on Manhattan Island. • English resented Dutch presence in America – 1664, the English navy put in at New Amsterdam, and the colony was surrendered to the British • 1673, the Dutch reconquered the colony, lost it again, for good, in 1674. • English renamed the colony New York

William Penn

-William Penn owned Pennsylvania and made it a place for religious freedom.

Picture Credit: http://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/VC/visitor_info/hello_pennsylvania/paprofile.htm

Quakers Quakers rejected the concept of predestination and original sin. – Believed all people could attain salvation. • Quakers granted women a position within the church generally equal to that of men. – could become preachers and define church doctrine • Had no church government • Had no church buildings, only meeting houses • Had no paid clergy • Refused to take oaths. • Were pacifists.

The Quaker Colony Pennsylvania was born out of the efforts of The Society of Friends to find a home • William Penn, the son of a British admiral, and a landlord of Irish estates, was the patron – Converted to Quakerism, Penn became an evangelist, was sent repeatedly to prison, and became convinced of the need of a Quaker colony • In 1681, after the death of his father, he inherited his father’s lands and also his father's claim to a large debt from the king. – Charles II paid the debt with a grant of territory • Penn was both landlord and ruler of the colony

Southern Colonies

The Southern Colonies included: Maryland (MD), Virginia (VA), North Carolina (NC), South Carolina (SC), and Georgia (GA).

MD

VA

NC

SC

GA

Southern Colonies Climate

Rich land, plenty of rain & a long growing season. Coastal plains, swamps, forests, harbors.

Picture Credit:

www.ipgri.cgiar.org/networks/ cogent/gallery.htm

People Groups

-Maryland was a safe place for Roman Catholics.

-South Carolina settled by French.

-Georgia founded by Oglethorpe for new start for debtors in England.

Picture Credit:

www.brighthand.com/html/ bhand/usergroups.html

Interesting Facts about Southern Colonies

-Planters’ duties to see that crops were planted, records kept, took care of everyone.

-Slavery was necessary for Southern plantation.

The cash crop for Virginia was Tobacco.

Picture Credit: www.lattaplantation.org/ website.htm

Georgia Last English colony on the

mainland of the future US, founded by James

Oglethorpe in 1733. • Oglethorpe wanted to: – erect a military barrier

against Spanish Florida – provide a refuge for

English debtors • Oglethorpe’s Georgia

had many rules:

Small landholdings – Blacks, free or slave, were

excluded – Trade with the Indians was

strictly regulated – Catholics excluded • Rules stifled Georgia’s

development. – Settlers began demanding the

right to acquire land and slaves • By 1752, restrictions were

removed and trustees returned control of the colony

to the king

The Carolinas Charles II awarded the

territory to eight favorites • Fundamental Constitution

for Carolina (1669) – divided the Carolina

territory into two counties • Northern and southern

regions were socially and economically distinct from

one another – Northern settlers were

mainly backcountry farmers • many of German or Scots-

Irish descent • subsistence farmers, with

some cash crop agriculture

livestock, corn, naval stores, tobacco dominated the economy

– In the south, an aristocratic society developed

• Emigrants from Barbados who est. a plantation system

• Rice emerged as the driving force of the SC economy

– success of rice dependant upon swampy lowlands and slaves

• 1729, king divided the region