R

ment offers many alternatives. Remote metering and control now are more commonly employed to minimize personnel overhead. The net result is a more complex production system than the traditional one.

Many seemingly superior instruments and controls are not suitable for some production systems. They may not be packaged to withstand exposure to the weather and elements in the environment-rain, salt spray, sand.

A velocity meter is any device that measures flow by im- pact kinetic energy or by using the change in pressure that accompanies a controlled change in velocity. However this change is induced, meter performance is governed by an energy balance.

The Energy Balance. Fig. 13. I illustrates a general flow system on which a general flow equation may be based. Points 1 and 2 represent any two points in a flow

energy balance may be

1 has an internal energy, evious energy obtained. In pV work must be done to the eiiergy necessary for sesses potential energy , X 1 , wind, lightning, etc. Some devices are so sensitive that mere vibration may be a problem. Calibration and other like necessities may be inconvenient (or maybe imprac- tical) in remote locations. Also, properly trained person- nel may not be available for maintenance.

If transfer of custody is involved, contractural obliga- tion may limit the choice of system. Other factors like

system between which an written

The fluid entering at PointU 1 , which is the result of praddition, a certain amount ofget the fluid past Point I-i.e.,it to flow. This fluid also posChapter 13

Gas Measurement andJohn M. Campbell Sr.. The Campbell Cornpaws*

Introduction

Measurement and regulation are an integral part of the production of gas. As the value of gas has increased, the need for more accurate measurement has become ap- parent. Proper regulation is necessary to prevent un- necessary flaring or production curtailment.

Today the engineer has a choice from among many in- struments and controls, some of which are rather sophisticated. The advent of electronic and digital equip- spare parts availability and vendor service all influence the proper selection of equipment and vendor.

Gas Measurement The choice of meter depends on the absolute volume in- volved and the rangeability-the ratio of maximum to minimum flow rate that a given size meter can accom- modate. Reliability also is a factor. Both accuracy and precision must be cdnsidered. Accuracy is the difference between true and measured rate. Precision is the repeatability of a measurement, however wrong it may be. egulation

There are a series of volumetric meters that measure volume directly by use of bellows, reciprocating pistons, rotating vanes and cams, etc. These are used primarily for measuring small volumes of low-pressure gas and have little application in production operations.

Velocity Meters above the datum plane, and kinetic energy vI i2g. The fluid leaving at Point 2 possesses the same forms of energy but the amount depends on the work W or heat Q gained or lost by the system between the two points. The general equation may then be written

2

lJ,+p,V,+Z,+~+Q-W 21:

=u2+p2v1+z?+$; . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1)

13-2

L----------------------J I DATUM X=0 2

Fig. 13.1 -General flow system.

where U = internal energy, which includes all energy

such as heat, electrical, chemical, and surface,

p = pressure, V = volume or specific volume, Z = height above an arbitraty datum plane, v = velocity in conduit, Q = heat gained or lost by system (plus if

gained, minus if lost), and W = work done by system (plus if done by

system, minus if done on system).

The many ramifications of Eq. 1 are developed in any standard text on thermodynamics.

Eq. 1 may be applied to any of the systems shown in Fig. 13.2. When writing it between Points 1 and 2 of any of the three systems shown, it may be reduced to

2 2

p,Y,-p~v*=~-~. . . . . . . . . . . . . (2)

Eq. 2 develops on the normally correct premise that Q, W, and AU are substantially zero between the two points. These two points are, furthermore, so close together that any change in potential energy is negligible in comparison with the other changes involved. Eq. 2 is the basic equation governing velocity or head meters and expresses the general fact that changes in velocity in

such a system must be accompanied by a corresponding change in static pressure.

Forms of Meter. Fig. 13.2 shows several common ways in which a velocity change may be imposed on the system. In each instance, a constriction is supplied for increasing the velocity (decreasing static pressure), following which the velocity returns to normal. The amount of permnerzr pressure loss across the device is small and depends largely on the amount of turbulence and friction loss involved.

The Venturi tube shown in Part a is designed so that a high-pressure differential can be induced and still minimize the permanent pressure loss due to turbulence and eddy currents. In general, it will restore at least 90%

of the pressure drop at the throat. The sections involved,

1 though, are expensive to manufacture and bulky to han- dle, especially at elevated pressures. Consequently, their PETROLEUM ENGINEERING HANDBOOK

Fig. 13.2-Diagrammatic representation of fluid flow through a flat-plate orifice showmg relative positlons of the pressure taps in common use and the change in static pressures (flow is from left to right). (a) Venturi tube, cross section; (b) flow nozzle, cross section; (c) location of taps; (d) schematic view of pitot tube.

use is usually limited to low-pressure applications where high-pressure recovery is essential. The flow nozzle is essentially a cross between the three devices shown and represents an attempt to incorporate the best features of each. General usage is limited.

The flat-plate orifice is used in the majority of all gas- production and transportation facilities. It is simple, in- expensive, handy to change and stock, and gives reproducible results. Although the pressure recovery is seldom higher than 65%, this is not a critical fault, for most systems are designed to operate with a low dif- ferential pressure.

Derivation of an Orifice Equation. Eq. 2 may be simplified by assuming that V, = V? = V, an assumption that is approximately ttue and is later corrected by a term called the expansion factor. Then

VI 2

-v2 2 =2gV(p* -p, )=2gh. . . . . (3)

The term h is the differential head loss between Points 1 and 2 expressed as feet of fluid (that fluid flowing in the system).

The velocities may be expressed in terms of volume rate of flow qR and diameters d; and d, (internal diameter of pipe and orifice opening, respectively). This substitution yields an intermediate equation

R =A2 &i Jql, . (4) where A2 =area of orifice plate opening, and Fd =d,ldi. The second term on the right side of Eq. 4 is often re- ferred to as the approach factor.

GAS MEASUREMENT AND REGULATION

Further modification of our theoretical equation is necessary. Part c of Fig. 13.2 shows that the diameter of the flowing stream becomes smaller than that of the orifice opening. This point, known as the vena contrac- ta, is really the limiting diameter, and some correction must be made when using the orifice-opening diameter in the equation. There is also an energy loss due to tur- bulence and friction not yet accounted for. Both of these considerations are easily handled by use of an efficiency factor, K,, that must be determined experimentally.

For convenience we furthermore like to express h in terms of inches of water, h ,I.. If all these corrections and conversions are superimposed on Eq. 4 the equation reads

where

Yx - gas-flow rate, std cu ft/hr measured at I)), and Th,

di = internal diameter, in.,

d,, = orifice-opening diameter. in.,

Pf = flowing pressure, psia,

P \C = base pressure, psia,

Tf = flowing temperature, R. T,,. = base temperature, R, h ,,. = differential across orifice, in. H20,

Yr: = specific gravity of gas (air= 1 .O), and

K, = efficiency factor, which includes the approach factor.

Eq. 5 may be modified to a more standard form by (1) combining terms, (2) writing it for a gas whose specific gravity= 1.0, and (3) assuming that p,,( = 14.73 psia and T,,. = Tf=520R.

This yields the two basic orifice equations

qs=CJh,pf . . . . . . . . . . . . . (6)

and

C=FhF,,I,F,i,F,~FdF,YF,,.F,,,F,,F,. _. (7)

The value C is known as the orifice constant. It is deter- mined primarily from F,, the basic orifice flow factor, which is equal to 338.17 K,d,,. The other multipliers shown in Eq. 7 are correction factors to correct for the basic assumptions necessary to arrive at Eq. 6. Only the first five are usually used in routine lease operations. in measuring gas for proration records and the like. The last six correction factors are relatively small and are used to obtain accurate records in the sale or purchase of gas. The last two apply only to meters with mercury manometers.

Table 13.1 summarizes these constants except for F,,,. ,

which is calculated from compressibility factor, and F,,. calculated from the expansibility of metals used for orifice construction. 2.x 13-3

The comparable metric standard for the orifice equa- tions and constants is ANSI/API 2530. * At the time this material was being prepared, the conversion effort to SI units had not been completed. Until it is, calculations may be made in English units and converted.

q,(m3)=(0.028 33)(cu ft),

where qR =m3 measured at 101.315 kPa and 15C and cu ft=volume measured at 14.73 psia and 60F.

Orifice Constants

The value of the constants in Eq. 7 depends in many cases on the points between which the differential head loss, h H,, is measured. Two standards are provided in gas measurement-flange taps and pipe taps. With the former, the flange or orifice holder is so tapped that the center of the upstream and downstream taps is 1 in. from the respective orifice-plate surfaces. For standard pipe taps, the upstream tap is located two and one-half pipe diameters upstream and eight pipe diameters downstream. The location of Sec. 1 (Tables 13. la, g, i, and 1) of the orifice tables is forflange taps and Sec. 3 (Tables 13. lb, h, j, and m) is for pipe taps. Sec. 2 (the remaining parts of Table 13.1) shows the fluid-condition factors common to both types.

Basic Orifice Factor Fb. This factor, as noted above, is based on those assumptions necessary to go from Eq. 5 to 6. These are T,,,. =520R, yR = 1 .OO, and Tf=520R. It is a function of the experimental constant K,,. which means that it depends on the location of the differential pressure taps and the internal pipe diameter, in addition to the orifice diameter.

The value of Fb may be found from tables of Fh shown in Table 13.1 a for flange taps and Table 13.1 b for pipe taps if the meter run is of standard internal diameter. For gas-measurement work involving sale and purchase by a gas-transmission or distribution company, correc- tions are provided for values of F,, not fitting the stan- dard tables. These are not shown here, for they are not normally used in production operations.

Pressure-Base Factor Ft,b. Values of this factor are shown in Sec. 2 (Table 13.1~) of the charts. It corrects the value of Fh for the case where the pressure base used is not 14.73 psia. It my be determined by the equation F,,f, = 14.73 psc.

Temperature-Base Factor Frb. This is shown in Table 13. Id and corrects for any contract wherein the base temperature is not 520R (60F). This factor may be computed by the equation F,/, = T,,,.i520.

Specific-Gravity Factor Fg. This factor, shown in Table 13. le, is to correct the basic orifice equation for those cases where the specific gravity of the gas is other than 1.00. The equation is F, =(l/y,).s.

Flowing-Temperature Factor Fu. This factor corrects for those cases where the flowing temperature of the as

is other than 60F. The equation is F,f=(520/Tf-) 8 5. Values are given in Table 13. If.

(contmued on Page 8)

13-4 PETROLEUMENGINEERINGHANDBOOK

TABLE 13.la-FLANGE TAPS: BASIC ORIFICE FACTORS, F, Orifice Diameter,

;K)

0.250 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750

0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1.500 1.625 1.750 1.875 2.000

2.125 2.250 2.375 2.500 2.625

2.750 2.875 3.000 3.125 3.250

3.375 3.500 3.625 3.750 3.875

4.000 4.250 4.500 4.750 5.000

5.250 5.500 5.750 6.000 6.250

6.500 6.750 7.000 7.250 7.500

7.750 8.000 8.250 8.500 8.750

9.000 9.250 9.500 9.750

10.000

10.250 10.500 10.750 11.000 11.250

lnternalDiameterofPipe,d,, in

1.689

12.695 28.474 50.777 80.090 117.09

162.95 219.77 290.99 385.78 -

-

-

- - - -

-

-

-

- - - - -

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

-

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- 2 1.939 2.067

12.707 28.439 50.587 79.509

115.62

159.56 212.47 276.20 353.58 448.57

-

- - - - -

-

-

-

- - - - -

-

-

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

12.711 28.428 50.521 79.311

115.14

158.47 210.22 271.70 345.13 433.50

542.26 -

-

- - - - -

-

-

-

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

- - -

- - - -

3

2.300

12.714 28.411 50.435 79.052

114.52

157.12 207.44 266.35 335.12 415.75

510.86 623.91

-

- - - - -

-

- - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - -

-

2.626 2.900 3.068

12.712 28.393 50.356 78.818

113.99

156.00 205.18 262.06 327.39 402.18

487.98 586.82 701.27 834.88

- - - - -

- - -

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

- - -

- - - - -

-

-

12.708 28.382 50.313 78.686

113.70

155.41 204.04 259.95 323.63 395.80

477.36 569.65 674.44 793.88 930.65

1091.2 - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

-

-

- - - - -

-

-

12.705 28.376 50.292 78.625

113.56

155.14 203.54 259.04 322.03 393.09

472.96 562.58 663.42 777.18 906.01

1052.5 1223.2

-

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

-

-

- - - - -

- -

-

GASMEASUREMENTANDREGULATION 13-5

TABLE 13.la-FLANGE TAPS: BASIC ORIFICE FACTORS, F, (continued) Orifice Diameter,

d 0 (in.)

0.250 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750

0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1.500 1.625 1.750 1.875 2.000

2.125 2.250 2.375 2.500 2.625

2.750 2.875 3.000 3.125 3.250

3.375 3.500 3.625 3.750 3.875

4.000 4.250 4.500 4.750 5.000

5.250 5.500 5.750 6.000 6.250

6.500 6.750 7.000 7.250 7.500

7.750 8.000 8.250 8.500 8.750

9.000 9.250 9.500 9.750

10.000

10.250 10.500 10.750 11.000 11.250

3.152

12.703 28.373 50.284 78.598 113.50

155.03 203.33 258.65 321.37 391.97

471.14 559.72 658.96 770.44 896.06

1038.1 1499.9

- -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

-

- - - - -

-

-

-

4

- 3.438

12.697 28.364 50.258 78.523 113.33

154.71 202.75 257.63 319.61 389.03

466.39 552.31 647.54 753.17 870.59

1001.4 1147.7 1311.7 1498.4

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

-

-

- - -

-

-

-

Internal Diameterof Pipe,d,, in

3.826 4.026

12.687- 28.353 50.234 78.450 113.15

154.40 202.20 256.69 318.03 386.45

462.27 545.89 637.84 738.75 849.41

970.95 1104.7 1252.1 1415.0 1595.6

1797.1 - - - -

- - - - -

- - - -

12.683 28.348 50.224 78.421

113.08

154.27 201.99 256.33 317.45 385.51

460.79 543.61 634.39 733.68 842.12

960.48 1089.9 1231.7 1387.2 1558.2

1746.7 1955.5 2194.9

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

-

- - - - -

-

-

-

- -

-

-

- - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

-

- - -

-

-

-

-

6

4.897

- -

50.197 78.338

112.87

153.88 201.34 255.31 315.83 382.99

456.93 537.77 625.73 721.03 823.99

934.97 1054.4 i 182.9 1320.9 1469.2

1628.9 1801.0 1986.6 2187.2 2404.2

2639.5 2895.5 3180.8

- -

- - - - -

-

-

- - - - -

- -

-

- - - - -

-

-

-

5.189 - -

50.191 78.321 112.82

153.78 201.19 255.08 315.48 382.47

456.16 536.64 624.09 718.69 820.68

930.35 1048.1 1174.2 1309.3 1453.9

1608.7 1774.5 1952.4 2143.4 2348.8

2569.8 2808.1 3065.3 3345.5 3657.7

- - - - -

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- -

-

- - - - -

5.761 -

50.182 78.296

112.75

153.63 200.96 254.72 314.95 381.70

455.03 535.03 621.79 715.44 816.13

924.07 1039.5 1162.6 1293.8 1433.5

1582.1 1740.0 1907.8 2086.4 2276.5

2479.1 2695.1 2925.7 3172.1 3435.7

3718.2 4354.8

- - -

-

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

6.065 - -

50.178 78.287 112.72

153.56 200.85 254.56 314.72 381.37

454.57 534.38 620.88 714.19 814.41

921.71 1036.3 1158.3 1288.2 1426.0

1572.3 1727.5 1891.9 2066.1 2250.8

2446.8 2654.9 2876.0 3111.2 3361.5

3628.2 4216.6 4900.9

- -

- - - - -

- -

-

- - -

-

- -

- -

- - - - -

13-6 PETROLEUM ENGINEERING HANDBOOK

TABLE 13.la-FLANGE TAPS: BASIC ORIFICE FACTORS, F, (continued) Orifice Internal Diameter of Pipe, d,, in. Diameter,

d 8 "\ (in.) 7.625 7.981 8.071 9.564 10.020 10.136

0.250 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750

0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1.500 1.625 1.750 1.875 2.000

2.125 2.250 2.375 2.500 2.625

2.750 2.875 3.000 3.125 3.250

3.375 3.500 3.625 3.750 3.875

4.000 4.250 4.500 4.750 5.000

5.250 5.500 5.750 6.000 6.250

6.500 6.750 7.000 7.250 7.500

7.750 8.000 8.250 8.500 8.750

9.000 9.250 9.500 9.750 10.000

10.250 10.500 10.750 11.000 11.250

- - - - - - - - - -

153.34 153.31 200.46 200.39 253.99 253.89 313.91 313.78 380.25 380.06

453.02 452.78 532.27 531.95 618.02 617.60 710.32 709.77 809.22 808.50

914.79 913.86 1027.1 1025.9 1146.2 1144.7 1272.3 1270.3 1405.4 1402.9

1545.7 1542.5 1693.4 1689.3 1848.8 1843.5 2011.6 2005.2 2182.6 2174.6

2361.8 2352.0 2549.7 2537.7 2746.5 2731.8 2952.6 2934.8 3168.3 3146.9

3394.3 3368.5 3879.4 3842.3 4412.8 4360.5 5000.7 4928.1 5650.0 5551.1

6369.3 6236.4 7170.9 6992.0

- 7830.0 - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

- -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- -

- -

- - - - -

- - -

-

153.31 200.38 253.87 313.74 380.02

452.72 531.87 617.50 709.84 808.34

913.64 1025.6 1144.3 1269.8 1402.3

1541.8 1688.4 1842.3 2003.8 2172.9

2349.9 2535.0 2728.6 2930.8 3142.1

3362.9 3834.2 4349.0 4912.2 5529.5

6207.3 6953.6 7777.8 8706.9

-

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - -

- - - - -

10

- - - - - -

200.20 253.55 313.31 379.44

451.95 530.87 616.21 707.99 805.23

910.97 1022.2 1140.1 1264.5 1395.6

1533.4 1678.0 1829.4 1987.8 2153.2

2325.7 2505.6 2692.8 2887.6 3090.1

3300.6 3746.1 4226.0 4742.7 5298.6

5897.4 6543.1 7240.0 7993.3 8808.9

9693.3 10654 11711

- -

- - - - -

- - - -

- - - - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - - -

253.48 253.47 313.20 313.18 379.29 379.26

451.76 451.72 530.63 530.57 615.90 615.83 707.61 707.51 805.76 805.65

910.38 910.24 1021.5 1021.3 1139.2 1139.0 1263.4 1263.1 1394.2 1393.9

1531.7 1531.3 1675.9 1675.4 1826.9 1826.3 1984.7 1984.0 2149.5 2148.6

2321.2 2320.2 2500.1 2498.9 2686.2 2684.7 2079.7 2877.9 3080.7 3078.5

3289.3 3286.8 3730.2 3726.7 4204.1 4199.2 4712.8 4706.2 5258.5 5249.6

5843.6 5831.8 6471.9 6456.3 7146.9 7126.5 7873.0 7846.6 8654.8 8621.1

9498.1 9455.3 10409 10355 11394 11327 12467 12381 13656 13541

- - - - -

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - -

-

- -

- - - - -

GASMEASUREMENTAND REGULATION 13-7 TABLE 13.la-FLANGE TAPS: BASIC ORIFICE FACTORS, F, (continued)

Orifice Internal Diameter of Pipe, d,. in. Diameter,

d "3 (in.) 11.376

0.250 -

12

11.938 12.090 14.688 -

0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750

0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1.500 1.625 1.750 1.875 2.000

2.125 2.250 2.375 2.500 2.625

2.750 2.875 3.000 3.125 3.250

3.375 3.500 3.625 3.750 3.875

4.000 4.250 4.500 4.750 5.000

5.250 5.500 5.750 6.000 6.250

6.500 6.750 7.000 7.250 7.500

7.750 8.000 8.250 8.500 8.750

9.000 9.250 9.500 9.750

10.000

10.250 10.500 10.750 11.000 11.250

- -

- -

312.94 378.94

451.30 530.04 615.16 706.68 804.61

908.98 1019.8 1137.1 1260.8 1391.1

1528.0 1671.4 1821.4 1978.1 2141.5

2311.7 2488.7 2672.6 2863.5 3061.4

32664 3698.4 4160.4 4653.4 5179.0

5730.5 6333.8 6966.9 7640.4 8357.3

9121.0 9935.2 10804 11732 12725

13787 14927 16158 17505

- -

- - - - -

- - -

-

-

- - -

312.85 378.82

451.14 529.83 614.90 706.36 804.23

908.51 1019.2 1136.4 1260.0 1390.1

1526.8 1670.0 1819.7 1976.1 2139.2

2308.9 2485.4 2668.7 2858.8 3055.9

3260.0 3689.6 4148.4 4637.2 5157.4

5710.0 6296.6 6919.0 7579.0 8278.9

9021.7 9810.5 10649 11540 12489

13500 14578 15730 16962 18296

-

- - - - - -

312.83 378.79

451.10 529.78 614.84 706.28 804.13

908.39 1019.1 1136.2 1259.8 1389.9

1526.5 16696 18193 1975.6 2138.6

2308.2 2484.6 2667.7 2857.7 3054.6

32585 3687.5 4145.5 4633.4 51523

5703.3 6287.9 6907.8 7564.7 8260.7

8998.7 9781.6 10613 11496 12434

13433 14498 15633 16845 18148

19565 - - - -

- - - - -

-

- - -

- - - -

450.53 529.06 613.94 705.18 802.78

906.77 1017.1 1133.9 1257.1 1386.7

1522.7 1665.2 1814.1 1969.6 2131.5

2299.9 2474.9 2656.4 2844.6 3039.4

3240.8 3663.8 4113.9 4591.5 5097.2

5631.4 6194.8 6788.1 7412.3 8068.4

8757.3 9480.4 10239 11035 11869

12745 13664 14628 15642 16706

17826 19004 20245 21552 22930

24385 25924 27567 29331

-

- -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

450.48 -

528.99 528.94 613.85 613.78 705.07 704.99 802.65 802.55

906.61 906.49 1017.0 1016.8 1133.7 1133.5 1256.8 1256.6 1386.4 1386.1

1522.4 1522.1 1664.8 1664.5 1813.7 1813.3 1969.0 1968.6 2130.9 2130.4

2299.2 2298.7 2474.1 2473.5 2655.5 2654.8 2843.5 2842.7 3038.1 3037.2

3239.4 3238.3 3661.9 3660.5 4111.5 4109.7 4588.4 4586.0 5093.1 5090.1

5626.1 5622.3 6188.1 6183.1 6779.6 6773.3 7401.5 7393.6 8054.8 8044.8

8740.3 8727.9 9459.4 9444.0 10213 10194 11003 10980 11831 11803

12698 12664 13607 13566 14560 14511 15560 15501 16609 16539

17711 17628 18868 18770 20085 19969 21365 21230 22712 22555

24132 23948 25628 25416 27210 26962 28899 28600 30710 30348

16

15.000 15.250

I i

pressure taps is used to measure static pressure and the avg flowing temp = 84F, location of the tap. The additional primary variables in- volved are (1) Fd, (2) ratio of differential pressure to ab- solute pressure, and (3) the specific-heat ratio C,,/C,, . In the standard table the last variable is taken as constant and equal to 1.3. This factor is shown in Tables 13. li through 13. lm.

Supercompressibility Factor F,, . The variation from the ideal-gas laws by an actual gas is the function of this factor. The factor may be measured experimentally or determined by detailed methods outlined in AGA Com- mittee Report 3. 2 The correction is usually small and is often ignored. It may be estimated from the equation Fpr =( I/zJ~.~, where z is equal to the compressibility factor obtained from standard correlations.

Manometer Factor F,. This is used only with mercury-type meters to correct for the slight error in measurement caused by having different heads of gas above the two legs of the manometer. For all practical purposes it is insignificant. Table 13. In lists this factor vs. gas specific gravity.

line size = 4.026 in.. and orifice-plate opening = 1.50 in.

Solution.

The respective factors are

Fb = 460.19, Fpb = 1.0229, Ftb = 1.0000,

F, = 1.1952, Fd = 0.9777, F, = 1.0004,

Y = 1.0016, and C = 551.89 (the product of the above numbers).

Then, qR =551.89 [(40)(143+14.73)]-5=43,810 scf/hr.

As a practical matter, the accuracy of the meter device itself does not justify the number of significant figures shown in the charts. Consequently, in most production operations and engineering calculations the values of the 13-8

TABLE 13.lb-PIPE TAPS-BAS

Orifice Diameter,

d Al

InternalD

2

(in.) 1.689 1.939 2.067 2.300

0.250 12.850 12.813 12.800 12.782 0.375 29.359 29.097 29.005 28.882 0.500 53.703 52.816 52.481 52.019 0.625 87.212 84.919 84.063 82.922 0.750 132.23 126.86 124.99 122.45

0.875 192.74 181.02 177.08 171.92 1.000 275.45 251.10 243.27 233.30 1.125 391.93 342.98 327.98 30943 1.250 - 465.99 437.99 404.52 1.375 - - 583.96 524.68

1.500 - 679.10 1.625 1.750 - - - -

1.875 - - - -

2.000 - - -

2.125 - - -

2.250 - - - -

2.375 - - -

Reynolds-Number Factor F,. This takes into account the variation of the discharge coefficient with Reynolds number. In gas measurement, the variation is slight and is often ignored in production operations. Values are shown in Tables 13. lg and 13. lh. It has been assumed in preparation of these tables that gas viscosity is substan- tially constant. The constant b shown in the tables is then primarily a function of pipe diameter, orifice diameter, and the location of the differential-pressure taps.

Expansion Factor Y. This factor accounts for the change in gas density as the pressure changes across the orifice. Inasmuch as the differential involved is usually small, this correction is small and often ignored. The value used depends on which one of the differential- Gauge Location Factor, Ft. This corrects the manometer factor, F, , for elevation and latitudes other than sea level and 45 latitude (see Table 13. lo). PETROLEUM ENGINEERING HANDBOOK

C ORIFICE FACTORS, F,

ameter of Pipe, d,, in.

3 4

2.626 2.900 3.068 3.152 3.438

12.765 28.771 51.591 81.795 120.06

167.23 224.56 293.79 377.36 478.68

602.45 755.34 946.99

12.753 26.710

12.748 28.682 51.243 80.835 118.00

163.31 217.52 281.66 357.12 445.74

549.94 672.95 819.05

- -

12.745 28.669 51.196 80.703 117.70

162.76 216.55 280.02 354.45 44148

543.31 662.81 803.77 971.19 1171.8

1415.0 -

51.353 61.142

118.67

164.58 219.76 285.48 363.41 455.82

565.79 697.43 856.37 1050.4 1290.7

- -

- -

993.98 1205.6

1465.1

- -

12.737 28.634 51.064 80.332 116.86

161.17 213.79 275.42 347.03 429.83

525.40 635.76 763.51 911.98 1085.5

1289.7 1532.0 1822.8

Thermal Expansion Factor, F,. This corrects for ex- pansion or contraction of the orifice opening when operating at temperatures substantially different from that at which the orifice was made. Normally, it is ap- plied only at temperatures above 120F or below 0F.

Example Problem 1. A 0.7-specific-gravity natural gas is measured in an orifice meter having flange taps. Determine the flow rate in scfihr at 14.4 psia and 60F if the following data apply:

h,,, = 40 in. H,O,

pf = 143 psig (measured downstream), coefficients may be rounded off and sometimes ignored with no practical loss of accuracy.

(continued on Page 36)

GASMEASUREMENTANDREGULATION 13-9

TABLE 13.1 b-PIPE TAPS-BASIC ORIFICE FACTORS, F, (continued)

Orifice Diameter,

;i.\

0.250 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750

0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1.500 1.625 1.750 1.875 2.000

2.125 2.250 2.375 2.500 2.625

4

Internal Diameter of Pipe, dj, in.

6 8 3.826 4.026

12.727 12.722 28.598 28.584 50.936 50.886 79.974 79.835 116.05 115.73

159.57 158.94 211.03 209.91 270.90 269.10 339.87 337.05 418.79 414.51

508.76 502.38 611.11 601.80 727.54 714.16 860.17 841.19

1011.7 985.04

1185.3 1148.4 1385.4 1334.4 1617.2 1547.3 1887.6 1792.3 2206.0 2075.9

4.897 5.189 5.761 6.065 7.625 7.981 6.071 - - - - - - - -

50.739 79.436 114.81

157.11 206.62 263.71 328.73 402.06

484.20 575.73 677.38 789.99 914.57

1052.3 1204.7 1373.4 1560.5 1768.3

- - -

50.705 79.349 114.61

156.71 205.91 262.51 326.85 399.30

480.23 570.14 669.63 779.40 900.28

1033.2 1179.4 1340.2 1517.2 1712.3

50.652 50.628 79.217 79.162 114.32 114.20

156.13 155.89 204.84 204.41 260.71 259.98 324.02 322.86 395.08 393.33

474.20 471.69 561.73 558.24 658.08 653.33 763.77 757.39 879.38 870.93

1005.6 994.52 1143.2 1128.8 1293.1 1274.6 1456.4 1432.7 1634.3 1604.3

- - - - -

- - -

155.10 203.00 257.82 319.10 387.82

463.39 546.61 637.51 736.34 843.34

958.78 1083.0 1216.3 1359.2 1512.0

154.99 154.96 202.80 202.75 257.28 257.20 318.56 318.44 386.81 386.62

462.19 461.92 544.92 544.53 635.19 634.65 733.23 732.52 839.29 838.35

953.58 952.38 1076.4 1074.9 1208.0 1206.1 1348.8 1348.5 1499.2 1496.3 2.750 2.875 3.000 3.125 3.250

3.375 3.500 3.625 3.750 3.875

4.000 4.250 4.500 4.750 5.000

5.250 5.500

- 2407.0 - - - - - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- -

1999.8 2258.5 2548.6 2875.2 3244.8

3665.6 - - - -

- - - - -

- -

1927.6 2165.9 2430.2 2724.4 3052.8

3420.9 3835.7 4305.7

-

1828.3 1790.3 2039.9 1992.2 2271.2 2211.6 2524.3 2450.1 2801.8 2709.9

3106.9 2993.3 3443.0 3303.0 3814.4 3842.3 4226.3 4014.8 4684.9 4425.1

5197.7 4878.4

-

- - - - -

- -

- - - -

- -

- - - -

- -

1675.4 1849.9 2036.0 2234.7 2446.5

2872.5 2913.7 3171.1 3446.0 3739.9

4054.2 4751.4 5554.7 6485.3 7571.4

8850.3 -

1659.7 1656.1 1830.6 1826.3 2012.7 2007.3 2206.4 2199.9 2412.4 2404.7

2631.6 2622.3 2864.7 2853.7 3112.7 3099.6 3376.6 3381.0 3657.6 3639.2

3957.0 3935.2 4616.6 4586.6 5369.0 5327.9 6231.1 6175.2 7224.3 7148.7

8376.3 8274.0 9723.8 9585.1

13-10 PETROLEUM ENGINEERING HANDBOOK

Orlflce

Diameler.

fli.;

1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1500

1.625

1.750 1.675 2.000 2.125

2.250 2.375 2.500 2 625

TABLE 13.lb-PIPE TAPS-BASIC ORIFICE FACTORS, F, (continued)

lnlernal Diameter of Pipe. d,. in.

9.564

202.16 256.22

316.90 384 29

45852

539.72 628.03 723.61

826.63 937.28

1055.7 1182.2 1316.9 14600

10

10.020 10.136

12

11.376 11.938 12090

16

14.688 15.000 15.250

- 255 96

316 49 383.66

457 63

538 45 626.29 721 27

62354 93327

1050.6 1175.8 1309.0 1450.3

- - - 256.01

31656 383 79

45779

538 69 626.61 721.70

82412 934.02

1051.6 1177.0 1310.5 1452.1

- 315.84 38266 456.16

536 38 623.44 71743

61648 926.72

1042.3 11653 1295.9 1434.3

315.57 31551 362.30 382 22 455.64 455.52

535.66 535.46 62245 622.20 716.10 715.78

816 73 816.30 924 44 923.88

1039.4 1038.7 1161.6 1160.7 1291.4 1290.2

1428.7 1427.4

- - - - - 453.92

533.27 619.18 711.73

810.99 917.01

1029.9 1149.7 1276.5 1410.5

45378

53307 61892 71139

81053 916.43

1092.6 1148.8 1275.4 1409.1

532.93 618.73 711 13

810.19 915.99

1028.6 1148.1 1274.5

1408.0

2.750

2.875 3.000 3125 3.250 3.375

3.500 3.625 3750 3.875 4000

4250 4500 4 750 5 000 5.250

5500 5.750 6.000 6.250

6.500

6.750

7 000 7.250 7.500 7.750

8.000 8.250 8.500 8 750

9 000

9250

9 500 9750

10000 10250

10500

1611.8

1772.5 1942.5 2122.1 2311.6 25115

2722.3 2944.3 3178.1 3424.3 36835

4243.6

4865.1 5554.9 6322.2 7177.7

a1341 9207 0

10415

11783 13340

-

1600.1

17584 19256 2102.0 2287.0 24834

2689.1 2905.5 3132.7 3371.5 3622.1

4161.6

47561 5411 5

6134.9 69344

7820.0 8803.1 98978

11121 12492

14038 15790

-

1602.3

1761.0 19288 2105.7 2292.2 2486.6

2695.3 2912.7 3141.2

33613 3633.5

4176.8

4776 2 5437.9

61692 6978.9

7077.2

6876.3 9991 2

11240

12644

14230 16035

15807

1735.1 18978 2069.0 2248.9 24377

2635.6

2843.0 3060.2 3287.4

3524.9

4032.8 4587.1 5191.5

58506 65694

73541 8211 4 91495

10178

11307

12550 13923 15442 17131

19017

1573.9 1572.2

1726.9 1724.9 18881 1885.7 2057.5 2054.7 2235.4 2232.1 2421.8 2418.0

2617.2 2612.6 2821.6 2816.3 3035.3 3029.3 3258.7 3251.7

3492.0 3483.9

3989.5 3979.0 4530.8 45172 5119.0 5101 5

5757.8 5735.4 6451.5 6423.2

72051 7169.5 8024.2 7979.6 8915.4 8859.8

9886.1 9817.2

10945 10860

12103 11996 13371 13242 14762 14604 16294 16101 17986 17750

19861 19572 21947 21593

- - - -

-

- -

-

- -

-

- -

- - -

-

- - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

- -

-

-

- - -

1551 7

17001 18561 2019.5 2190 7 2369.6

2556.5 2751.4 2954.5

3165.9 3385.6

3851.6 43534 4892.9 5471.9

60925

6757.0 7468.0 8228.5 9041.6 9911.2

10841 11837 12902 14044

15268

16583 17996 19517 21156

22926

24841

26917 29172 31629 34315

-

15499

1698.1 1853.6 2016.6 2187.2 2365.5

2551.7

2745.9 2948.1 3158.6

3377.5

3840.9 4339.8 4875.8

5450.5 6065.9

67241 7427.6 81792 6981 7 9838.7

10754 11732 12777 13894 15090

16371 17746

19221 20807

22515

24356

26346 28501 30839 33383 36160

1548.6

1696.5 1851.7 2014.3

2184.5 23624

2548.1 2741.7 2943.3 3153.1

3371.2

3832.8 4329.6 4862.9

5434.3 6045 9

66994 73974 81423

89370 97847

10689 11654 12684 13783 14959

16216 17561

19003 20551

22214

24003 25932 26014 30268 32713

35372

GAS MEASUREMENT AND REGULATION 13-11

TABLE 13.1 b-PIPE TAPS-BASIC ORIFICE FACTORS, F, (continued)

Internal Dtameier of Pipe. d,, in Orifice Diameter,

d (ii

2.000 2.125

2.250

20

19.000 19.250 18.814

806.71 911.51

1022.9

806.57 806.40 911.35 911.13

1022.7 1022.4

22.626

24 30

23.000 23.250 28.628 29.000 29.250

- -

- -

-

-

-

- - - 2.375

2500

2.625 2.750 2.675 3.000 3.125

3.250 3.375 3.500

3625 3750

3.875 4.000 4.250

4.500 4.750

5.000 5.250 5.500 5.750 6 000

6.250 6.500 6.750

7.000 7.250

7.500 7.750 8.000 8.250 8.500

8.750

9 000 9.250 9.500 9.750

10.000 10.250 10.500 10.750

11.000

11.250

11.500 11 750 12 000 12.500

13.000 13 500 14.000 14.500

15.000

15500

16.000 16 500 17.000 17.500

18000 18 500 19000 19.500 20 000

11410

1265.7

1397.2

1535.5 1680.7 1832.7 1991.8

21580 2331.3 25119

2699 7 2895 0

30977 3308.0 3751.6 42268 4734.1

5274.6 5849 0 64566 7104.4 77879

8510.4

92734 10079

10926 11823

12767

13762 14810 15914

17073

18305

19598 20963 22402 23923

25529 27227 29023 30925

32940

35078

37348 39761 42330 47991

54463

-

-

-

11407 1140.4

12654 1265.0

13968 13963 1535.0 1534.4

16801 1679.3

18321 1831.2 1991.0 1990.0

2157.0 2155.8 2330.2 23287 2510.6 2508.8 2698.2 2696 2 2893.2 2890 9

3095.7 3093.0 3305.7 33027 3748.7 3744.8

42230 42181 4729.4 4723.3

5268.7 5261.1 5841.9 5832.6 6449.9 6438.7

7094.0 7080.4

7775.4 7759.1

8495.4 84760

9255.6 9232.5 10058 10030

10903 10871 11794 11756

12733 12689 13722 13670 14763 14703

15860 15791

17015 16935

18232 18139

19515 19408 20866 20743 22292 22151

23796 23634

25384 25198 27061 26649

28834 28592 30709 30434

32694 32381

34798 34443

37030 36626

39400 38941 41920 41399 47461 46790

53778 52914

1136.8

1260.6

13909 1527.9 1671.5

1821.9 1978.9

2142.8 23135 2491 2

26758 28674

30660 32718 3705.0 41676 46600

5163.0 5737.1 6322.9 6941.3 7592.8

8278.3 8998.8 9755.0

10548 11379

12249 13160 14113

15109 16150

17237

18373 19560

20800 22094

23447 24859 26335 27878 29490

31175

32938 34783 36714 40855

45406 50420 55959 62099

68929

76562

11365

1260.2

1390.5 1527.3

1670.9 1821.1 1978.0

2141.7 2312.3 2489.7 2674.0 2865.4

3063.8 3269.2 3701.7 4163.4 46548

5176.4 5729.1 6313.2 6929.7 7579.0

82620 8979 5 97324

10522 11348

12214 13119 14065

15054 16087

17166 16292 19468 20695

21976

23312 24708 26164 27685 29273

30932

32666 34478 36373 40429

44877 49763

55147 61094

67607

75025

83231

-

11363 12599

13902 1527.0 1670.4

1820.6 1977.4

2141.0 2311.5 24888 2673.0 2864.1

3062.3 32676 3699.6 4160.7 46514

5172.3

5723.9 63070 6922 2 7570 1

8251 5 8967.1 9717.9

10505 11329

12191 13093 14035 15020 16048

17121 18241 19409

20628 21900

23227 24612

26056 27563 29136

30779

32494 34285 36158 40161

44544

49352 54638 60468

66915

74074

82055

- - -

1663.8 1812.7 1968.1

2130.2 2298.8 2474.1

2656.0 2844.6

3040.0 32422 3666.9 4119.3 45996

51082 56454 6211 8 68077

74336

BOB99 87772 9496 0

10247 11030

11847 12697 13582 14501 15457

16450 17480 18548

19656 20805

21995 23228 24505 25827 27196

28613

30080 31598 33169 36478

40024 43823

47890 52271

56967

62017

67453 73314 79641 86485

93900 101950 110720

120300 130780

-

1812.3 19677

2129.6 2298.2 2473.3

2655.2 2843.7

3038 9 3240.9 3665.3 4117.3 45971

5105.0 5641.6 6207.2 6802.1 7426.9

8082.0 8768.0 9485.2

10234 11016

11830 12678 13560 14477

15429

16418 17444 18508 19611 20754

21938 23165 24434 25749 27109

28516 29972 31479 33038 36318

39829 43589 47615 51932

56562

61583

66878 72630 78831 85525

92765 100610

109130 118420 128560

-

- 1812.0 1967.4

21293 2297.7 2472.9

26546 2843.0

30382 32401 3664.3 41160 45954

5103.0 56391 62042 67985 74226

80769 87619 9478 1

10226 11006

11819 12665 13546 14461

15411

16397 17421 18482 19582 20721

21901 23124

24388 25698 27052

28453

29903 31402 32953 36215

39704 43437 47433 51714

56301

61223

66509 72193 78313 84913

92042 99758

108130

117230 127150

13-12 PETROLEUM ENGINEERING HANDBOOK

TABLE 13.lc-PRESSURE-BASE FACTORS, Fp,

F,, = 14.73 + base pressure, psia

Factor Pressure base, psia F, Pressure base, psia

14.4 1.0229 15.2 (8 oz. above 14.7). 14.65 (4 oz. above 14.4). 1.0055 15.325 (IO oz. above 14.7).

Factor

F, 0.9691 0.9612 14.73.. . 1 .oooo 15.4 (1 psi above 14.4). 14.9 (8 oz. above 14.4). 0.9886 15.7 (1 psi above 14.7) 14.95 (4 oz. above 14.7). 0.9853 16.4 (2 psi above 14.4), 15.025 (10 oz. above 14.4). 0.9804 16.7 (2 psi above 14.7).

0.9565 0 9382 0.8982 0.8820

TABLE 13.lci-TEMPERATURE-BASE FACTORS, F,

=, = 460 + temperature base OF

520

Temoerature Factor TemDerature Factor TemDerature Factor bake, OF F Ih bake, OF F --LL

bake, OF F rb

45 0.9712 65 1.0096 a5 1.0481 50 0.9808 70 1.0192 90 1.0577

55 0.9904 75 1.0288 95 1.0673 60 1 .oooo 80 1.0385 100 1.0769

GASMEASUREMEN 13-13

0.580 0.585

1.3131 1.3074

0.755 0.760

1.1509 1.1471

0.930 0.935

1.0370 1.0342

1.21 1.22

0.9091 0.9054 0.590 0.595

0.600 0.605 0.610 0.615 0.620

0.625 0.630 0.635 0.640 0.645

0.650 0.655 0.660 0.665 0.670

11 12 13 14 15

16 17

Factor OF

1.0621 1.0609 1.0598 1.0586 1.0575

1.0564 1.0552 1.0541 1.0530 1.0518

1.0507 1.0496 1.0485 1.0474 1.0463

1.0452 1.0441

21 22 23 24 25

26 27 28 29 30

31 32 33 34 35

36 37

1.3019 1.2964

1.2910 1.2856 1.2804 1.2752 1.2700

1.2649 1.2599 1.2549 1.2500 1.2451

1.2403 1.2356 1.2309 1.2263 1.2217

0.765 0.770

0.775 0.780 0.785 0.790 0.795

0.800 0.805 0.810 0.815 0.820

0.825 0.830 0.835 0.840 0.845

1.1433 1.1396

1.1359 1.1323 1.1287 1.1251 1.1215

1.1180 1.1146 1.1111 1.1077 1.1043

1.1010 1.0976 1.0944 1.0911 1.0879

0.940 0.945

0.950 0.955 0.960 0.965 0.970

0.975 0.980 0.985 0.990 0.995

1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04

1.0314 1.0287

1.0260 1.0233 1.0206 1.0180 1.0153

1.0127 1.0102 1.0076 1.0050 1.0025

1.0000 0.9950 0.9901 0.9853 0.9806

1.23 1.24

I.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29

1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34

1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.39

TABLEl3.lf-FLOWING-TEMPERATUREFACTORS,F,

520 F,=

460 +actual flowing temperature

Factor OF Factor "F Factor OF __~---- 1.0398 41 1.0188 61 0.9990 81 1.0387 42 1.0178 62 0.9981 1.0376 43 1.0168 63 0.9971 1.0365 44 1.0157 64 0.9962 1.0355 45 1.0147 65 0.9952

1.0344 46 1.0137 66 0.9943 1.0333 47 1.0127 67 0.9933 1.0323 48 1.0117 68 0.9924 1.0312 49 1.0107 69 0.9915 1.0302 50 1.0098 70 0.9905

1.0291 51 1.0088 71 0.9896 1.0281 52 1.0078 72 0.9887 1.0270 53 1.0068 73 0.9877 1.0260 54 1.0058 74 0.9868 1.0249 55 1.0048 75 0.9859

1.0239 56 1.0039 76 0.9850 1.0229 57 1.0029 77 0.9840

82 83 84 85

86 87 88

il:

91 92 93 94 95

t ;

Factor

0.9804 0.9795 0.9786 0.9777 0.9768

0.9759 0.9750 0.9741 0.9732 0.9723

0.9715 0.9706 0.9697 0.9688 0.9680

0.9671 0.9662

0.9017 0.8980

0.8944 0.8909 0.8874 0.8839 0.8805

0.8771 0.8737 0.8704 0.8671 0.8639

0.8607 0.8575 0.8544 0.8513 0.8482

OF Factor

E-O.9551 120 0.9469 130 0.9388 140 0.9309 150 0.9233

160 0.9158 170 0.9085 180 0.9014 190 0.8944 200 0.8876

210 0.8810 220 0.8745 230 0.8681 240 0.8619 250 0.8558

260 0.8498 270 0.8440 TANDREGULATION

TABLE 13.1e--SPECIFIC-GRAVITY FACTOR&f,

Specific gravity

YQ

0.500 0.505 0.510 0.515 0.520

0.525 0.530 0.535 0.540 0.545

0.550 0.555 0.560 0.565 0.570

0.575

Factor f

D 1.4142 1.4072 1.4003 1.3935 1.3868

1.3801 1.3736 1.3672 1.3608 1.3546

1.3484 1.3423 1.3363 1.3304 1.3245

1.3188

Specific gravity

YQ

0.675 0.680 0.685 0.690 0.695

0.700 0.705 0.710 0.715 0.720

0.725 0.730 0.735 0.740 0.745

0.750

d 1.0000 f,= - YQ

Factor F

L 1.2172 1.2127 1.2082 1.2039 1.1995

1.1952 1.1910 1.1868 1.1826 1.1785

1.1744 1.1704 1.1664 1.1625 1.1586

1.1547

Specific gravity

.--AL 0.850 0.855 0.860 0.865 0.870

0.875 0.880 0.885 0.890 0.895

0.900 0.905 0.910 0.915 0.920

0.925

Factor F

9 1.0847 1.0815 1.0783 1.0752 1.0721

1.0690 1.0660 1.0630 1.0600 1.0570

1.0541 1.0512 1.0483 1.0454 1.0426

1.0398

Specific gravity

Yg 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09

1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14

1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19

1.20

Factor F

9 0.9759 0.9713 0.9667 0.9623 0.9578

0.9535 0.9492 0.9449 0.9407 0.9366

0.9325 0.9285 0.9245 0.9206 0.9167

0.9129 18 19 20

1.0430 1.0419 1.0408

38 39 40

1.0219 58 1.0019 78 0.9831 1.0208 59 1.0010 79 0.9822 1.0198 60 1.0000 80 0.9813

2 100

0.9653 0.9645 0.9636

280 0.8383 290 0.8327 300 0.8272

13-14 PETROLEUM ENGINEERING HANDBOOK Orifice Diameter,

d (inD.i

0.250 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750

0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1.500 1.625 1.750 1.875 2.000

2.125 2.250 2.375 2.500 2.625

2.750 2.875 3.000 3.125 3.250

3.375 3.500 3.625 3.750 3.875

4.000 4.250 4.500 4.750 5.000

5.250 5.500 5.750 6.000 6.250

6.500 6.750 7.000 7.250 7.500

7.750 8.000 8.250 8.500 8.750

9.000 9.250 9.500 9.750 10.000

10.250 10.500 10.750 11.000 11.250

TABLE 13.19-b VALUES FOR REYNOLDS NUMBER FACTOR, f,, FLANGE TAPS

b

Fr=+ Jh,p,

Internal Diameter of Pipe, d,, in

1.689

0.0879 0.0677 0.0562 0.0520 0.0536

0.0595 0.0677 0.0762 0.0824

-

-

-

-

- -

-

-

-

- - -

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

2

1.939

0.0911 0.0709 0.0576 0.0505 0.0485

0.0506 0.0559 0.0630 0.0707 0.0772

-

-

-

- - - - -

-

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- -

- -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- 3 4 2.067

0.0926 0.0726 0.0588 0.0506 0.0471

0.0478 0.0515 0.0574 0.0646 0.0715

0.0773

-

-

- - - - -

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

2.300

0.0950 0.0755 0.0612 0.0516 0.0462

0.0445 0.0458 0.0495 0.0550 0.0614

0.0679 0.0735

- - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

2.626 -

0.0792 0.0648 0.0541 0.0470

0.0429 0.0416 0.0427 0.0456 0.0501

0.0554 0.0613 0.0669 0.0717

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - -

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

2.900

0.0820 0.0677 0.0566 0.0466 0.0433

0.0403 0.0396 0.0408 0.0435 0.0474

0.0522 0.0575 0.0628 0.0676 0.0715

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - -

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

3.068

0.0836 0.0695 0.0583 0.0498 0.0438

0.0402 0.0386 0.0388 0.0406 0.0436

0.0477 0.0524 0.0574 0.0624 0.0669

0.0706 - - - -

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

- -

- - - - -

- - - - -

3.152 3.438

0.0844 -

0.0703 0.0867 0.0591 0.0728 0.0504 0.0618 0.0442 0.0528

0.0403 0.0460 0.0383 0.0411 0.0381 0.0380 0.0394 0.0365 0.0420 0.0365

0.0457 0.0378 0.0500 0.0402 0.0549 0.0434 0.0598 0.0473 0.0642 0.0517

0.0685 0.0563 - 0.0607 - 0.0648 - 0.0683 - -

- - - - - - - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- -

- -

- - - - -

- - -

-

-

-

- - - - -

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

3.826

- -

0.0763 0.0653 0.0561

0.0487 0.0430 0.0388 0.0361 0.0347

0.0345 0.0354 0.0372 0.0398 0.0430

0.0467 0.0507 0.0548 0.0589 0.0626

0.0659 -

- -

- -

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- ( -

- - -

4.026

0.0779 0.0670 0.0578 0.0502 0.0442

0.0396 0.0364 0.0344 0.0336 0.0338

0.0350 0.0370 0.0395 0.0427 0.0462

0.0501 0.0540 0.0579 0.0615 0.0647

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

13-15 GASMEASUREMENTANDREGULATION TABLE 13.19-b VALUES FOR REYNOLDS NUMBER FACTOR, F,, FLANGE TAPS (continued)

b F,=l+-

Jh,p,

Orifice Diameter,

d 3 6

Internal Diameter of Pipe, d,, in.

8 10

(in.) 4.897 5.189 5.761 6.065 7.625 7.981 8.071 9.564 10.020 10.136 - - - - - -

0.0753 0.0785 0.0665 0.0701

0.0587 0.0625 0.0520 0.0557 0.0462 0.0498 0.0414 0.0447 0.0375 0.0403

0.0344 0.0367 0.0322 0.0337 0.0306 0.0314 0.0298 0.0298 0.0296 0.0287

0.0300 0.0281 0.0310 0.0281 0.0324 0.0286 0.0342 0.0295 0.0365 0.0308

0.0391 0.0324 0.0418 0.0343 0.0448 0.0366 0.0479 0.0389 0.0510 0.0416

0.0541 0.0443 0.0569 0.0472 0.0597 0.0500 0.0621 0.0527 0.0640 0.0553

- 0.0578 - 0.0620 - - - - - -

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

0.250 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750

0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1.500 1.625 1.750 1.875 2.000

2.125 2.250 2.375 2.500 2.625

2.750 2.875 3.000 3.125 3.250

3.375 3.500 3.625 3.750 3.875

4.000 4.250 4.500 4.750 5.000

5.250 5.500 5.750 6.000 6.250

6.500 6.750 7.000 7.250 7.500

7.750 8.000 0.250 8.500 8.750

9.000 9.250 9.500 9.750 10.000

10.250 10.500 10.750 11.000 11.250

- -

0.0836 0.0734 0.0645

0.0567 0.0500 0.0444 0.0399 0.0363

0.0336 0.0318 0.0307 0.0305 0.0308

0.0318 0.0334 0.0354 0.0378 0.0406

0.0436 0.0468 0.0500 0.0533 0.0564

0.0594 0.0620 0.0643

-

- - - - -

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - -

0.0801 0.0718

0.0643 0.0576 0.0517 0.0464 0.0419

0.0381 0.0348 0.0322 0.0303 0.0288

0.0278 0.0274 0.0274 0.0279 0.0287

0.0300 0.0314 0.0332 0.0353 0.0375

0.0400 0.0426 0.0452 0.0479 0.0505

0.0531 0.0579 0.0618

- -

-

-

-

- - -

-

- -

-

- - - - -

- - -

-

- - - - -

0.0723 0.0660 0.0602 0.0549 0.0501

0.0457 0.0418 0.0383 0.0353 0.0327

0.0304 0.0286 0.0271 0.0259 0.0251

0.0246 0.0244 0.0245 0.0248 0.0254

0.0263 0.0273 0.0286 0.0300 0.0316

0.0334 0.0372 0.0414 0.0457 0.0500

0.0539 0.0574

-

-

- -

- - - - - - - - - -

0.0738 0.0676 0.0619 0.0566 0.0518

0.0474 0.0435 0.0399 0.0366 0.0340

0.0315 0.0295 0.0278 0.0264 0.0253

0.0245 0.0240 0.0238 0.0239 0.0242

0.0248 0.0255 0.0265 0.0274 0.0289

0.0304 0.0338 0.0386 0.0418 0.0457

0.0497 0.0535 0.0569

- - - - - -

0.0742 0.0680 0.0623 0.0571 0.0523

0.0479 0.0439 0.0403 0.0371 0.0343

0.0318 0.0297 0.0280 0.0265 0.0254

0.0245 0.0240 0.0237 0.0237 0.0240

0.0244 0.0251 0.0260 0.0271 0.0283

0.0297 0.0330 0.0366 0.0405 0.0446

0.0487 0.0524 0.0559 0.0588

-

-

0.0738 0.0685 0.0635 0.0588

0.0545 0.0504 0.0467 0.0433 0.0401

0.0372 0.0346 0.0322 0.0302 0.0283

0.0267 0.0254 0.0243 0.0234 0.0226

0.0221 0.0219 0.0218 0.0218 0.0221

0.0225 0.0238 0.0256 0.0279 0.0307

0.0337 0.0370 0.0404 0.0438 0.0473

0.0505 0.0536 0.0562

-

-

- - 0.0701 0.0705 0.0652 0.0656 0.0606 0.0610

0.0563 0.0568 0.0523 0.0527 0.0485 0.0490 0.0451 0.0455 0.0419 0.0414

0.0389 0.0383 0.0362 0.0356 0.0337 0.0330 0.0315 0.0308 0.0296 0.0287

0.0278 0.0269 0.0263 0.0253 0.0250 0.0252 0.0239 0.0241 0.0230 0.0231

0.0223 0.0224 0.0218 0.0218 0.0214 0.0214 0.0213 0.0212 0.0213 0.0211

0.0214 0.0212 0.0222 0.0219 0.0236 0.0231 0.0254 0.0249 0.0277 0.0270

0.0303 0.0295 0.0332 0.0323 0.0363 0.0354 0.0396 0.0386 0.0437 0.0418

0.0462 0.0451 0.0493 0.0483 0.0523 0.0513 0.0550 0.0540 0.0572 0.0564

- -

- - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - -

- - - -

- - - - -

- - - - - - -

- - - - - - -

- - - - - -

- -

13-16 PETROLEUM ENGINEERINGHANDBOOK TABLE13.lg-bVALUESFORREYNOLDSNUMBER FACTOR,F,, FLANGETAPS(continued)

Internal Diameter of Pipe, d,

12

11.938 12.090 14.688

- -

- - -

, in.

16

15.000

-

-

d (in0.i

0.250 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750

0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1.500 1.625 1.750 1.875 2.000

2.125 2.250 2.375 2.500 2.625

2.750 2.875 3.000 3.125 3.250

3.375 3.500 3.625 3.750 3.875

4.000 4.250 4.500 4.750 5.000

5.250 5.500 5.750 6.000 6.250

6.500 6.750 7.000 7.250 7.500

7.750 8.000 8.250 8.500 8.750

9.000 9.250 9.500 9.750 10.000

10.250 10.500 10.750 11.000

11.376 15.250

-

- -

0.0698 0.0654

0.0612 0.0573 0.0536 0.0501 0.0469

0.0438 0.0410 0.0383 0.0359 0.0336

0.0316 0.0297 0.0278 0.0264 0.0251

0.0239 0.0229 0.0221 0.0214 0.0208

0.0204 0.0200 0.0201 0.0207 0.0217

0.0231 0.0249 0.0270 0.0294 0.0320

0.0347 0.0376 0.0406 0.0435 0.0463

0.0491 0.0517 0.0540 0.0560

-

-

- - - - -

0.0714 0.0671

0.0631 0.0592 0.0555 0.0521 0.0488

0.0458 0.0429 0.0402 0.0377 0.0354

0.0332 0.0312 0.0294 0.0278 0.0263

0.0250 0.0238 0.0228 0.0219 0.0212

0.0206 0.0198 0.0195 0.0196 0.0202

0.0212 0.0226 0.0243 0.0263 0.0285

0.0309 0.0335 0.0362 0.0390 0.0418

0.0446 0.0473 0.0498 0.0522 0.0543

- - - -

- 0.0718 0.0676

0.0635 0.0597 0.0560 0.0526 0.0492

0.0463 0.0434 0.0407 0.0382 0.0358

0.0336 0.0317 0.0298 0.0282 0.0266

0.0253 0.0241 0.0230 0.0221 0.0213

0.0207 0.0198 0.0194 0.0194 0.0199

0.0208 0.0221 0.0237 0.0255 0.0277

0.0300 0.0325 0.0351 0.0379 0.0407

0.0434 0.0461 0.0487 0.0511 0.0534

0.0553 - -

- - - - - - -

- - - - - -

-

- -

- -

- -

- - -

0.0706 0.0670 0.0636 0.0604 0.0572

0.0542 0.0514 0.0487 0.0461 0.0436

0.0413 0.0391 0.0370 0.0350 0.0331

0.0314 0.0298 0.0282 0.0268 0.0255

0.0243 0.0223 0.0206 0.0193 0.0184

0.0178 0.0176 0.0176 0.0180 0.0186

0.0195 0.0206 0.0220 0.0235 0.0252

0.0271 0.0291 0.0312 0.0334 0.0357

0.0380 0.0402 0.0425 0.0447 0.0469

0.0489 0.0508 0.0526 0.0541

0.0713 0.0678 0.0644 0.0612 0.0581

0.0551 0.0523 0.0496 0.0470 0.0445

0.0422 0.0399 0.0378 0.0358 0.0339

0.0321 0.0305 0.0290 0.0275 0.0262

0.0249 0.0228 0.0210 0.0196 0.0185

0.0178 0.0174 0.0174 0.0176 0.0180

0.01'88 0.0198 0.0210 0.0224 0.0240

0.0257 0.0276 0.0296 0.0317 0.0338

0.0361 0.0383 0.0406 0.0428 0.0449

0.0470 0.0490 0.0509 0.0526

0.0684 0.0650 0.0618 0.0587

0.0558 0.0529 0.0502 0.0476 0.0452

0.0428 0.0406 0.0385 0.0365 0.0346

0.0328 0.0311 0.0295 0.0281 0.0267

0.0254 0.0232 0.0213 0.0198 0.0187

0.0179 0.0174 0.0172 0.0173 0.0177

0.0183 0.0192 0.0202 0.0216 0.0230

0.0246 0.0264 0.0283 0.0303 0.0324

0.0346 0.0368 0.0390 0.0412 0.0434

0.0455 0.0475 0.0495 0.0513

11.250 - - - - 0.0541 0.0528

GAS MEASUR 13-17 EMENT AND REGULATION

TABLE 13.lg-b VALUES FOR REYNOLDS NUMBER FACTOR, F,, FLANGE TAPS (continued)

F, b

=+=

Diameter of Pipe

24

22626 23000

Internal !, d,, in. OhX Diameler

-g-j

0 250 0375 0 500 0625 0 750

0875 1 000 1125 1250 1375

1 500 1625 1750 1875 2000

2 125 2.250 2 375 2 500 2625

2 750 2875 3000 3125 3 250

3 375 3 500 3 625 3 750 3 875

4000 4 250 4 500 4 750 5000

5 250 5 500 5 750 6 000 6 250

6 500 6 750 7 000 7250 7 500

7 750 a 000 a 250 8 500 8750

9 000 9 250 9500 9750 10000

10250 10500 10750 11000 11 250

11 500 11 750 12000 12500 13000

13500 14000 14500 15000 15500

16000 16500 17000 17500 18000

18500 19000

20

19000

30

29 000 29 250 23250 28628 16814

-

- -

- - -

- -

-

00667

00640 00614 00586 00563 00540

00517 0 0494 00473 00452 00433

00414 0 0395 00378 00361 00345

0 0329 00301 00275 0 0252 00232

00214 0 0199 00186 00176 00167

00161 00157 00155 00155 00157

0 0160 00166 00172 00180 0 0190

00201 00213 00226 00240 00256

00271 0 0288 00305 00322 00340

00358 00376 0 0394 0 0429 00463

0 0494 00520

19250

- -

- -

- - - -

- - - -

.- -

- - - -

- - - -

- -

- -

- - - - -

- - - -

0 0671

00644 00618 0 0592 00568 00544

00521 0 0499 00477 00457 00437

00418 0 0399 00382 00365 0 0349

0.0333 00304 0 0279 00256 00235

00217 00201 00188 00177 00168

00162 00157 00155 00154 00155

00158 00163 00169 00177 00186

00196 00208 00220 00234 0 0249

00264 00280 0 0297 00314 0 0332

0 0349 00367 00385 00420 00454

00485 00512

- 00676

- - -

00649 00622 0 0597 00573 00549

- - - - - -

0 0659 00665 0 0669 00636 0 0642 00646

- - - - -

00662 00644 00626 00608

0 0590

- - - - -

- - - -

0 0649 00652 00631 00634 0.0613 00616

0 0596 0 0599 0 0579 00582 00562 00566 00546 00550 00530 00534

00614 00620 00624

0 0592 0 0599 00603 00571 00578 00582 00551 00557 00562 00531 00538 00542 00511 00520 00523

0 0493 00500 00504 00474 00481 00486

00526 00504 00483 00462 00442

00423 00405 00387 00370 00354

00574 00557 00541

00457 00464 00468 00440 00447 00451 00423 00430

00407 00414 00376 00384 00348 00355 00322 00328 0 0297 00304

00275 00281 00254 00260 00236 00241 0 0219 00224 0 0204 00208

00191 00195 00179 00183 00169 00172 00161 00163 00154 00156

0 0148 00150 0 0144 00145 0 0142 00142 00141 00140 00141 00140

00143 00141 0 0146 00143 0 0150 00146 00155 00150 00161 00155

00168 0 0162 00176 00169 00185 00176 00194 00186 00205 00196

00216 00207 0 0228 00218 00241 00230 00267 00255 0 0296 00282

00326 00311 00356 00341 00386 00370 00415 00400 00443 00428

00470 00455 0 0494 00480

00503 -

00435

00419 00388 00360 00333 00308

00285 00264 00245 00228 00212

00198 00185 00174 00165 00157

00151 00146 00142 00140 00139

00140 00141 00144 0.0147 00152

00525

0 0509 0 0479 00450 00423 0 0397

00373 0 0349

00515 00518 0 0485 00488

0 0339 00310 00283 00260 0 0239

00220 00204 00191 00179 00170

00456 00460 0 0429 00433 00403 00407

00378 00382 00355 0 0359

00327 0 0333 00337 00306 00312 00316 00287 0 0292 0 0296

0 0269 00274 00277 00252 00257 00260 00236 00240 00244

00163 00157 00154 00153 00154

00156 00160 00165 00172 00180

00190 00201 00213 00226

00221 00208

0 0195 00184 00174 00164 00156

00149 00143 00138 00133 00130

00158 00128 00164 00126

00226 0 0229 00212 00215

00199 00202 00187 00190 00177 00179 00168 00170 0 0159 00161

00152 00153 00145 00146 00139 00141 00135 00136 00131 00132

00128 00128 00126 00126 00125 00125 00124 00124 00125 00124

00126 00125 00128 00127 00131 00129 00138 00136 00148 00145

00125 00125 00126

00128 00130 00134 00142 00153

00166 00160 00157 00182 00175 00171

00240

00255 00270 00286 00303 00320

00338 00355 00373 00408 00442

0 0474 00502

-

00172 00181 0 0190

00200 00211 00223 00248 00274

00302 00331 00360 0 0390 00418

00446 00471 0 0494

-

00199 00218 0 0239

00260 00283 00307

00192 00187 0 0209 00204 00230 00224

0 0250 00244 00273 00266 0 0296 002.38 00319 00312 00343 00335

00366 00358 00390 0 0382

00331 00355

0 0379 00402 19500 20000 20500

21 000 21 500

00412 00404 00434 00426 00455 00448

00424 00446 00466

00485 00475 00467 .- - ~ 00492 00485

13-18 PETROLEUM ENGINEERING HANDBOOK

TABLE 13.lg--b VALUES FOR REYNOLDS NUMBER FACTOR, F,, FLANGE TAPS (continued)

b F,=l+-

Jh,p,

InteN rnal Diameter of Pipe, d,, in.

2 4

F, 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14

0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19

0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24

0.25

1.689 1.939 2.067 2.300 3.152

0.1027 0.1012 0.0987 0.0985 0.0970 0.0945 0.0945 0.0930 0.0905 0.0907 0.0892 0.0867 0.0871 0.0856 0.0831

2.626 2.900 - 0.0958 0.0928 0.0916 0.0896 0.0876 0.0856 0.0638 0.0818 0.0802 0.0782

3.068

0.0927 0.0885 0.0845 0.0807 0.0771

3.438 3.826

0.0905 0.0886 0.0863 0.0844 0.0823 0.0804 0.0785 0.0766 0.0749 0.0730

4.026

0.1062 0.1020 0.0981 0.0943 0.0906

0.0872 0.0840

0.0921 0.0880 0.0840 0.0802 0.0765

0.0731 0.0699 0.0868 0.0639 0.0612

0.0587 0.0562 0.0540 0.0520 0.0501

0.0483

0.0877 0.0835 0.0795 0.0757 0.0721

0.0687 0.0854

0.0837 0.0805 0.0774 0.0745

0.0822 0 0797 0.0768 0.0748 0.0789 0.0764 0.0736 0.0715

0.0736 0.0704 0.0673 0.0645

0.0715 0.0696 0.0682 0.0663 0.0652 0.0633 0.0623 0.0604

0.0809 0.0780

0.0759 0.0730 0.0703

0.0677 0.0652 0.0630 0.0610 0.0591

0.0574

0.0734 0.0705 0.0685 0.0705 0.0676 0.0656 0.0678 0.0649 0.0629

0.0653 0.0624 0.0603 0.0628 0.0599 0.0579 0.0606 0.0577 0.0556 0.0585 0.0556 0.0536 0.0566 0.0538 0.0517

0.0549 0.0520 0.0500 0.0532 0.0504 0.0483 0.0518 0.0489 0.0469 0.0505 0.0476 0.0456 0.0494 0.0465 0.0444

0.0484 0.0455 0.0434 0.0474 0.0445 0.0425 0.0467 0.0438 0.0417 0.0460 0.0431 0.0411 0.0455 0.0426 0.0406

0.0450 0.0422 0.0401 0.0447 0.0418 0.0398 0.0446 0.0417 0.0397 0.0445 0.0416 0.0396 0.0445 0.0417 0.0397

0.0446 0.0418 0.0398 0.0449 0.0420 0.0400 0.0452 0.0423 0.0403 0.0456 0.0427 0.0407 0.0461 0.0432 0.0412

0.0466 0.0438 0.0418 0.0473 0.0445 0.0425 0.0479 0.0451 0.0431 0.0488 0.0459 0.0440 0.0496 0.0468 0.0448

0.0505 0.0477 0.0457 0.0514 0.0486 0.0467 0.0525 0.0497 0.0478 0.0535 0.0508 0.0488 0.0546 0.0518 0.0498

0.0557 0.0529 0.0510 0.0568 0.0540 0.0521 0.0580 0.0553 0.0534 0.0592 0.0565 0.0545 0.0605 0.0578 0.0558

0.0617 0.0590 0.0571 0.0628 0.0602 0.0583 0.0641 0.0614 0.0595 0.0653 0.0626 0.0608 0.0665 0.0638 0.0620

0.0677 0.0651 0.0632

0.0624 0.0595

0.0753 0.0718

0.0728 0.0693 0.0703 0.0668 0.0681 0.0646 0.0660 0.0625 0.0642 0.0606

0.0624 0.0589

0.0617

0.0592 0.0567 0.0545 0.0525 0.0506

0.0489 0.0472 0.0458 0.0445 0.0433

0.0423 0.0414 0.0406 0.0399 0.0395

0.0390 0.0387 0.0386 0.0385 0.0386

0.0387 0.0389 0.0392 0.0396 0.0401

0.0407 0.0414 0.0421 0.0429 0.0437

0.0446 0.0456 0.0467 0.0477 0.0488

0.0499 0.0511 0.0523 0.0535 0.0548

0.0560 0.0572 0.0585 0.0597 0.0610

0.0622

0.0596 0.0577 0.0568

0.0570 0.0551 0.0542 0.0546 0.0527 0.0518 0.0524 0.0505 0.0496 0.0503 0.0484 0.0475 0.0484 0.0465 0.0457

0.0467 0.0448 0.0439 0.26 0.0607 0.0572 0.27 0.0593 0.0558 0.28 0.0580 0.0545 0.29 0.0569 0.0534

0.0557 0.0543

0.0467 0.0452

0.0451 0.0431 0.0423 0.0436 0.0417 0.0408 0.0423 0.0404 0.0395 0.0412 0.0393 0.0384

0.0530 0.0518

0.0508 0.0499 0.0491

0.0440 0.0428

0.0418 0.0409 0.0401

0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34

0.35 0.36

0.0559 0.0524 0.0549 0.0514 0.0541 0.0506 0.0534 0.0499 0.0529 0.0495

0.0402 0.0383 0.0392 0.0373 0.0385 0.0366 0.0378 0.0359 0.0373 0.0354

00369 0.0350 0.0366 0.0347 0.0364 0.0345 0.0383 0.0344 0.0364 0.0345

0.0365 0.0346 0.0368 0.0349 0.0371 0.0352 0.0375 0.0356 0.0380 0.0361

0.0386 0.0367

0.0374 0.0364 0.0357 0.0350 0.0345

0.0341 0.0338 0.0337 0.0338 0.0337

0.0338 0.0340 0.0343 0.0348 0.0353

0.0359 0.0365 0.0372 0.0380 0.0389

0.0484 0.0479

0.0475 0.0471

0.0394 0.0389

0.0525 0.0490 0.0521 0.0487 0.0520 0.0485 0.0519 0.0484

0.0385 0.0382

0.37 0.38

0.0470 0.0469 0.0470

0.0471 0.0473 0.0476 0.0480 0.0485

0.0490 0.0497 0.0504 0.0512 0.0520

0.0529 0.0538 0.0549 0.0559 0.0569

0.0580 0.0591 0.0603 0.0615 0.0628

0.0640 0.0651 0.0664 0.0676 0.0687

0.0699

0.0380 0.0380 0.0380

0.0382 0.0384 0.0387 0.0391 0.0396

0.0402

0.39 0.0520

0.40 0.0521 0.41 0.0523 0.42 0.0526 0.43 0.0530 0.44 0.0534

0.45 0.0540 0.46 0.0546 0.47 0.0553 0.48 0.0561 0.49 0.0569

0.50 0.0578 0.51 0.0587

0.0485

0.0486 0.0488 0.0491 0.0495 0.0500

0.0506 0.0512 0.0519 0.0527 0.0535

0.0544 0.0553 0.0564 0.0574 0.0584

0.0595 0.0606 0.0618 0.0630 0.0642

0.0654 0.0666 0.0678 0.0690 0.0701

0.0713 0.0724 0.0735 0.0745 0.0755

0.0765 0.0773 0.0781

0.0409 0.0393 0.0374 0.0415 0.0400 0.0381 0.0424 0.0432

0.0441 0.0451 0.0462 0.0472 0.0483

0.0494 0.0506 0.0518 0.0530 0.0543

0.0556 0.0567 0.0580 0.0593 0.0605

0.0617

0.0408 0.0389 0.0416 0.0397

0.0426 0.0407 0.0435 0.0417 0.0446 0.0427 0.0457 0.0438 0.0467 0.0449

0.0479 0.0460 0.0490 0.0472 0.0503 0.0484 0.0515 0.0496 0.0528 0.0510

0.0540 0.0522 0.0552 0.0534 0.0565 0.0548 0.0578 0.0560 0.0590 0.0572

0.0602 0.0585 0.0614 0.0597 0.0626 0.0608 00637 0.0620 0.0648 0.0631

0.0658 0.0641 0.0667 0.0651 0.0676 0.0660

0.0398 0.0408 0.0419 0.0430

0.52 0.0598 0.53 0.0608 0.54

0.55

0.0617

0.0629 0.0639 0.0651 0.0663 0.0675

0.0687 0.0698 0.0711 0.0722 0.0733

0.0745 0.0756 0.0766

0.0440

0.0452 0.0464 0.0476 0.0488 0.0501

0.0514 0.0526 0.0539 0.0552 0.0564

0.56 0.57 0.58 0.59

0.60 0.61 0.62 0.63 0.64

0.65 0.66 0.67

0.0577 0.0589 0.0601 0.0612 0.0623

0.0710 0.0688 0.0662 0.0643 0.0633 0.0721 0.0699 0.0673 0.0655 0.0645 0.0732 0.0710 0.0684 0.0666 0.0656 0.0741 0.0720 0.0694 0.0676 0.0667

0.0629 0.0640 0.0652 0.0662

0.0672 0.0681

0.68 0.69

0.70 0.71

0.0777 0.0786

0.0795 0.0803 0.0811

0.0751 0.0730 0.0704 0.0687 0.0677 0.0759 0.0738 0.0713 0.0695 0.0686 0.0768 0.0747 0.0722 0.0704 0.0695

0.0634 0.0643 0.0652 0.72 0.0690 0.0789 0.0795 0.0800

0.0685 0.0669 0.0693 0.0677 0.0699 0.0683

0.0818 0.0825 0.0829

0.0776 0.0755 0.0730 0.0713 0.0704 0.0782 0.0762 0.0738 0.0721 0.0711 0.0788 0.0767 0.0743 0.0726 0.0718

0.0662 0.0670 0.0677

0.73 0.74 0.75

0.0699 0.0707 0.0713

GAS MEASUREMENT AND REGULATION 13-19

TABLE 13.19-b VALUES FOR REYNOLDS NUMBER FACTOR, F,, FLANGE TAPS (continued)

F,=l+b

JhwP, Internal Diameter of Pipe, di, in,

6 8 10 12

-A-- F 4.897 5.189 5.761 6.065 __ 7.625 ~ 7981 8.071 9.564 10.020 10.136 11.376 .l1.938 12.090

0.10 0.0859 0.0846 0.0825 0.0815 0.0777 0.0771 0.0769 00747 0.0742 0.0741- 0.0729 0.0724 0.0725

0.11 0.0818 0.0805 0.0783 0.0773 0.0736 0.0729 00727 0.0706 0.0700 0.0699 0.0687 0.0682 0.0681

0.12 0.0777 0.0764 0.0742 0.0732 0.0695 0.0688 00687 00665 0.0660 0.0658 0.0646 0.0642 0.0640

0.13 0.0738 0.0725 0.0703 0.0694 0.0656 0.0649 00648 0.0626 0.0621 0.0619 0.0607 0.0603 0.0602

0.14 0.0701 0.0688 0.0666 0.0657 0.0619 0.0612 0.0611 0.0589 0.0584 0.0583 0.0571 0.0566 0.0565

0.15 0.0666 0.0653 0.0631 0.0622 0 0584 0.0578 00576 0.0554 0.0549 0.0548 0.0536 0.0531 0.0530

0.16 0.0633 0.0620 0.0598 0.0589 0.0551 0.0545 0.0543 0.0522 0.0516 0.0515 0.0503 0.0498 0.0497

0.17 0.0601 0.0589 0.0567 0.0558 0.0520 0.0514 0.0512 0.0491 0.0485 0.0484 0.0472 0.0467 0.0466

0.18 0.0571 0.0558 0.0537 00527 0.0490 0.0484 0.0482 0.0461 0.0455 0.0454 0.0442 0.0438 0.0436

0.19 0.0544 0.0531 0.0510 0.0500 0.0463 0.0456 00455 00433 0.0428 0.0427 0.0415 0.0410 0.0409

0.20 0.0517 0.0504 0.0483 0.0474 0.0436 0.0430 00428 0.0407 0.0402 0.0401 0.0389 0.0384 0.0383 0.21 0.0492 0.0480 0.0459 0.0449 0.0412 0.0405 00404 0.0383 0.0377 0.0376 0.0364 0.0360 0.0359

0.22

0.23

0.24

0.25

0.26

0.27

0.28

0.29

0.30

0.31

0.32

0.33

0.34

0.35

0.36

0.37

0.0469 0.0457 0.0448 0.0435

0.0428 0.0416

0.0436

0.0414

0.0395

0.0377

0.0360

0.0345

0.0332

0.0319

0.0308

0.0298

0.0290

0.0426

0.0405

0.0385

00367

0.0350

0.0336

0.0389 0.0383 0.0381 0.0360 0.0355 0.0366 0.0362 00360 0.0339 0.0334

0 0349 0.0342 0.0341 0.0320 0.0314

00331 0.0324 00323 0.0302 0.0297

0.0314 0.0308 00306 0.0285 0.0280

0.0299 0.0293 0 0292 0.0271 0.0266

00286 0.0280 0.0278 0.0258 0.0252

0.0274 0.0268 0.0266 0.0245 0.0240

0.0263 0.0257 00255 0.0235 0.0230

0.0254 0.0247 00246 0.0225 0.0220

0.0245 0.0239 0.0237 0.0217 0.0212

0.0353

0.0333

0.0313

0.0296

0.0279

0.0264

0.0337

0.0316

0.0297

0.0279

0.0263

0.0248

0.0336

0.0321

0.0302

0.0284

0.0267

0.0253

0.0315

0.0296

0.0278

0.0262

0.0247

0.0410

0.0393

0.0398 0.0361

0.0378 0.0366

0.0365 0.0352

0.0352 0.0340

0.0341 0.0328

0.0331 0.0319

0.0322 0.0310

0.0322

0.0310

0.0251 0.0240 0.0235 0.0234

0.0239 0.0228 0.0223 0.0222

0.0299 0.0289 0.0280

0.0228 00217 0.0213

0.0219 0.0208 0.0203 0.0211 00199 0.0195

0.0211

0.0202

0.0194

0.0187

0.0182

0.0177

0.0174

0.0314 0.0302 0.0282 0.0273 0.0238 0.0232 0.0230 0.0210 0.0205 0.0204 0.0192 0.0188

0.0308 0.0296 0.0276 00267 0.0232 0.0226 00225 0.0204 0.0199 0.0198 0.0187 0.0183

0.0303 0.0291 0.0272

0.0299 0.0287 0.0268

0.0296 0.0284 0.0265

0.0294 0.0282 0.0263

0.0293 0.0281 0.0262

0.0292 0.0281 0.0261

0.0292 0.0281 0.0262

00263 0.0228 0.0221 00220 0.0200 0.0259 0.0224 0.0218 0.0216 0.0196

0.0256 0.0221 0.0215 00214 0.0194

00254 00220 0.0214 00212 0.0193

0.0253 0.0219 0.0213 0.0211 0.0192

0.0253 0.0219 0.0213 0.0212 0.0192

0.0253 0.0220 0.0214 00213 0.0193 00255 00222 00216 00214 0.0195

0.0257 0.0224 0.0218 0.0217 0.0198

0.0260 0.0227 0.0221 0.0220 0.0201

0.0263 0.0231 0.0225 0.0224 0.0205 0.0268 0.0235 0.0230 0.0228 0.0210

0.0272 0.0240 0.0235 0.0233 0.0215

0.0195

0.0192

0.0189

0.0188

0.0187

0.0187

0.0189

0.0191

0.0193

0.0197

0.0201

0.0194

0.0190

0.0188

0.0187

0.0186

0.0186

0.0187

0.0189

0.0192

0.0196

0.0200

0.0204

0.0209

0.0183 0.0178

00179 0.0175

0.0177 0.0173 0.0172

00176 0.0171 0.0170 0.38

0.39

0.40

0.0175 0.0171

0.0175 0.0171

0.0177 0.0173

00179 0.0175

0.0182 0.0178

0.0185 0.0181

0.0189 0.0185

00194 0.0190

0.0199 0.0195

0.0170

0.0170

0.41 0.42

0.0172

0.0174 0.0294 0.0282 0.0263 0.0296 0.0285 0.0266 0.43

0.44

0 45

0.46

0.47

0.0177

0.0180

0.0184

0.0189

0.0194

0.0298 0.0287 0.0268 0.0301 0.0290 0.0272

0.0305 0.0294 0.0276

0.0309 0.0298 0.0280

0.0205

0.0210

0.48 0.0314 0.0303 0.0285 0.0277 0.0245 0.0240 0.0238 0.0220 0.0216 0.0215 0.0205 0.0201 0.0200

0.49 0.0319 0.0308 0.0290 0.0282 0.0251 0.0245 0.0244 0.0226 0.0222 0.0221 0.0211 0.0207 0.0206

0.50 0.0324 0.0314 0.0296 0.0288 0.0257 0.0252 0.0250 0.0233 0.0228 0.0227 0.0217 0.0213 0.0212

0.51 0.0330 0.0319 0.0302 0.0294 0.0263 0.0258 0.0257 0.0239 0.0235 0.0234 0.0224 0.0220 0.0219

0.52 0.0335 0.0325 0.0308 0.0300 0.0270 0.0265 0.0263 0.0246 0.0242 0.0241 0.0231 0.0227 0.0226

0.53 0.0342 0.0332 0.0315 0.0307 0.0277 0.0272 0.0270 0.0253 0.0249 0.0248 0.0238 0.0235 0.0234

0.54 0.0348 0.0338 0.0321 0.0314 0.0284 0.0279 0.0278 0.0261 0.0256 0.0255 0.0246 0.0242 0.0241

0.55 0.0355 0.0345 0.0328 0.0321 0.0291 0.0286 0.0285 0.0268 0.0264 0.0263 0.0254 0.0250 0.0249

0.56 0.0361 0.0351 0.0335 0.0327 0.0298 0.0293 0.0292 0.0276 0.0272 0.0271 0.0261 0.0258 0.0257

0.57

0.58

0.59

0.60

0.61

0.62

0.63

0.64

0.65

0.66

067

0.68

0.69

0.70

071 0.72

0.0368

0.0375

0.0381

0.0388

0.0393

0.0399

0.0358

0.0365

0.0372

0.0378

0.0384

0.0390

0.0396

0.0402

0.0407

0.0412

0.0417

0.0422

0.0425

0.0428 -

0.0342

0.0349

00356

0.0363

0.0369

0.0375

0.0381

0.0387

0.0393

0.0398

0.0403

0.0408

0.0411

00415

0.0335 0.0306 0.0301

0.0313 0.0309

0.0321 00316

0.0328 0.0323

0.0335 0.0330

0.0342 0.0337

0.0348 0.0344

0.0355 0.0350

00361 0.0357

0.0366 0.0362

0.0372 0.0368

0.0377 0.0373

0.0381 0.0377

0.0386 0.0382 - -

0.0300 0.0283 0.0279 0.0307 0.0291 0.0287

00315 0.0299 0.0295

0.0322 0.0307 0.0303

0.0329 0.0314 0.0310

0.0336 0.0321 0.0317

0.0343 0.0328 0.0324

0.0349 0.0334 0.0331

0.0355 0.0341 0.0337

0.0361 0.0347 0.0343

0.0367 0.0352 0.0349

0.0372 0.0358 0.0355

0.0376 0.0363 0.0359

0.0381 0.0367 0.0364

0.0278 0.0269 0.0266 0.0265 0.0286 0.0277 0.0274 0.0273

0.0294 0.0285 0.0282 0.0281

0.0302 0.0293 0.0290 0.0289 0.0309 0.0300 0.0297 0.0296

0.0316 0.0307 0.0304 0.0303

0.0323 0.0315 0.0311 0.0311

0.0330 0.0322 0.0318 0.0318

0.0336 0.0328 0.0325 0.0324

0.0342 0.0334 0.0331 0.0331

0.0349 0.0341 0.0338 0.0337

0.0354 0.0346 0.0344 0.0343

0.0359 0.0351 0.0348 0.0347

0.0363 0.0356 0.0353 0.0352 -

0.0342

0.0349

0.0356 0.0362

0.0368

0.0375

0.0381

0.0386

0.0391

0.0397

0.0402

0.0405

0.0409 -

0.0405

0.0411

0.0416

0.0421

0.0425

0.0430

0.0433

0.0436

0.74 - - - - - - -

0.75 - - - - - - - -

Diameter,

$.j

0.500

6

5.761 6.065

- -

4

4.026

0.0810

8

7.625 7.981 8.071 5.189 -

3.826

0.0799

4.897

0.0850 - -

0.625 0.750 0.875 1.000

1.125 1.250 1.375 1.500 1.625 1.750 1.875 2.000

2.125 2.250 2.375 2.500 2.625 2.750 2.875 3.000

3.125 3.250 3.375 3.500 3.625 3.750 3.875 4.000

4.250 4.500 4.750

0.0789 0.0802 0.0703 0.0718 0.0625 0.0842 0.0556 0.0573

0.0495 0.0512 0.0442 0.0458 0.0397 0.0412 0.0360 0.0372 0.0329 0.0339 0.0304 0.0311 0.0285 0.0290 0.0273 0.0273

0.0265 0.0262 0.0261 0.0258 0.0262 0.0253 0.0267 0.0254 0.0274 0.0258 0.0284 0.0265 0.0295 0.0274 0.0308 0.0285

0.0323 0.0297 0.0338 0.0311 0.0353 0.0325 0.0367 0.0339 0.0381 0.0354 0.0393 0.0367 0.0404 0.0380 0.0413 0.0391 -

-

-

0.0697 0.0602 0.0524 0.0461

0.0412 0.0377 0.0353 0.0340 0.0336 0.0340 0.0349 0.0363

0.0380 0.0398 0.0417 0.0435 0.0450 0.0462

-

- -

- - - - -

-

-

0.0762 0.0672 0.0592 0.0523

0.0464 0.0413 0.0373 0.0340 0.0315 0.0298 0.0287 0.0281

0.0281 0.0285 0.0293 0.0304 0.0317 0.0331 0.0347 0.0364

0.0380 0.0394 0.0408 0.0419 0.0428

0.0685 0.0590 0.0513 0.0453

0.0408 0.0376 0.0358 0.0350 0.0351 0.0358 0.0371 0.0388

0.0407 0.0427 0.0445 0.0460 0.0472

-

- - - - - - - -

-

-

0.0747 0.0655 0.0575 0.0506

0.0448 0.0401 0.0363 0.0334 0.0313 0.0300 0.0293 0.0292

0.0297 0.0305 0.0316 0.0330 0.0345 0.0362 0.0379 0.0395

0.0410 0.0422 0.0432

- -

- -

0.0716 0.0652

0.0592 0.0538 0.0489 0.0445 0.0404 0.0389 0.0338 0.0311

0.0288 0.0268 0.0252 0.0239 0.0230 0.0224 0.0220 0.0219

0.0220 0.0223 0.0228 0.0235 0.0243 0.0252 0.0262 0.0273

0.0296 0.0321 0.0344

- 0.0733 0.0662 0.0613 0.0560 0.0510 0.0466 0.0425 0.0388 0.0355 0.0327

0.0301 0.0280 0.0261 0.0246 0.0233 0.0224 0.0218 0.0213

0.0211 0.0212 0.0214 0.0218 0.0224 0.0230 0.0238 0.0246

0.0268 0.0290 0.0314

- -

0.0730 0.0668

0.0609 0.0555 0.0506 0.0462 0.0421 0.0384 0.0352 0.0323

0.0298 0.0277 0.0259 0.0244 0.0232 0.0224 0.0218 0.0214

0.0213 0.0214 0.0216 0.0221 0.0227 0.0234 0.0243 0.0252

0.0273 0.0296 0.0320 13-20 PETROLEUM ENGINEERING HANDBOOK

TABLE 13.lh-b VALUES FOR REYNOLDS NUMBER FACTOR, f,, PIPE TAPS

b F,=l+-

KE

Orifice Diameter,

Internal Diameter of Pipe, d,, in

2 3 4

1.689 1.939 2.067 2.300 2.626 2.900 3.068

0.1105 01091 0.1087 0.1081 - - -

3.152 3.438

0.250 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750

0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1.500 1.625 1.750 1.875 2.000

2.125 2.250 2.375

-

0.0908 0.0918 0.0763 0.0778 0.0646 0.0662 0.0555 0.0568

0.0489 0.0496 0.0443 0.0443 0.0417 0.0407 0.0408 0.0387 0.0408 0.0379

0.0418 0.0382 0.0435 0.0392 0.0456 0.0408 0.0477 0.0427 0.0495 0.0448

0.0509 0.0467 00483

- 0.0494

0.0890 0.0758 0.0893 0.0675

0.0684 0.0702 0.0708

-

0.0878 00734 0.0647 0.0608

0.0602 0.0614 0.0635 0.0650

-

0.0877 0.0729 0.0635 0.0586

0.0570 0.0576 0.0595 0.0616 0.0629

-

0.0879 0.0728 0.0624 0.0559

0.0528 0.0522 0.0532 0.0552 0.0574

0.0590 -

0.0888 0.0737 0.0624 0.0546

0.0497 0.0473 0.0469 0.0478 0.0496

0.0518 0.0539 0.0553

-

0.0898 0.0750 0.0634 0.0548

0.0488 0.0452 0.0435 0.0434 0.0443

0.0460 0.0482 0.0504 0.0521 0.0532

- - -

0.0905 0.0758 0.0642 0.0552

0.0488 0.0445 0.0422 0.0414 0.0418

0.0431 0.0450 0.0471 0.0492 0.0508

0.0519 - -

- -

- - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - -

- -

Internal Diameter of Pipe, d,, in. Orifice 5.000

5.250 5.500

- -

- -

- -

- -

0.0364

0.0381 -

0.0336

0.0356 0.0372

0.0342

0.0361 0.0377

GAS MEASUREMENT AND REGULATION 13-21

TABLE IXlh--b VALUES FOR REYNOLDS NUMBER FACTOR, F,, PIPE TAPS (continued)

b F,=1+-

JGI

Internal Diameter of Pipe, di, in. Orifice Diameter,

;ri.;

1.000 1.125 1.250 1.375

1.500

9.564

0.0728 0.0674

0.0624 0.0576

0.0532

10.020 10.136

- -

0.0690 0.0694

0.0641 0.0646 0.0594 0 0599

00550 00555

11.376

-

o.osa7 0.0643 0.0601

12

11.938 12.090 - - -

00704 0.0661

0.0620

-

0.0708 0.0666

0.0625

16

14.686 15.000 15.250

- - - - -

0.0697 0.0705

1.625 1.750 1875 2.000

2.125

2.250 2.375 2.500 2625 2.750

2.875 3.000

3.125

3250 3.375 3500 3625 3.750 3 a75 4000

4.250

4.500 4.750 5.000

5.250 5500

5.750 6.000

6.250 6500 6.750 7.000

7.250 7.500 7.750

8.000

8.250 8500 8750 9 000

9 250 9.500 9 750

10000

10250 10.500

0 0490 00452 00417 00385

0.0355 0 0329 00305 00263

00265 00248 00234 00222

0.0212

0.0204

0.0199 00195

00193 00192 00193 00195

0.0203 00215 0.0230 0.0248

0.0267 00287 00307 0.0326

0.0343

00358 -

0.0509 0.0514 0.0471 0.0476 0.0436 0.0440

0.0403 0.0407

0.0372 0.0377 0.0345 0.0349 0.0320 0.0324

0.0298 0.0301

0.0277 0.0281 0.0260 0.0262 0.0244 0.0246

0.0230 0.0232

0.0218 0.0220

0.0209 00210

0.0201 0.0202 0.0195 0.0196 00191 0.0191 0.0188 0.0188 0.0187 0.0186 0 0187 00186

0.0192 0.0189

0.0200 0.0197

0.0212 0.0206 0.0228 00223

00244 0.0239 0.0263 0.0257 0.0282 0.0276 0.0302 0.0295

0.0320 0.0316

0.0336 0.0331 0.0351 0.0346 0.0363 0.0359

0.0561 0.0523 0.0488

0.0454

00423 0.0394 0.0367 0.0342

0.0319 0 0298 0.0279 0.0262

0.0244

0.0232 0.0220 0.0210 0.0200 0.0193 0.0187 0.0182

00176 00175 0.0178 0.0185

0.0195 0.0207 00221 00231

00253 00270 00288 00304

00320 00334

00347

-

-

- -

00560 00543 00508

00475

00443 0.0414 0.0387 0.0361 0.0337 00316 0.0295 0.0277

00260 00245 00232 0.0220 0 0209 00200 0.0192 00185

0.0176 0.0172 0.0171 00174

0.0181 0.0190 00202 00215

00230 00246 00262 0 0279

0 0295 00310 00325 00338

0 0349

0.0585 0.0548 0.0513 0.0480

0.0449 0.0419 0.0392 0.0366 0.0342 0.0320 0.0300 0.0281

0.0264 0.0249 0.0235 0.0222 0.0212 0.0202 0.0194

0.0187

0.0177 0.0171

0.0170 0.0173

0.0178 0.0186 00197 0.0210

0.0224 0.0239 00256 0.0272

00288 00304

0.0318 0.0332

0.0344

0.0662 0.0628 0.0594 0.0563

0.0532 0.0503 0.0475 0 0449 00424 00400 0.0378

00356

00336

00317 0.0300 00283 00268 0.0254 00240 0.0228

00207 00190 00176 00166

00160 00156

0.0155 0.0157

0.0161 0.0167 0.0174 0.0184

0.0195 0.0206

0.0219 0.0232

0.0246

0.0259 0.0273

0.0286

0.0299

0.0311 0.0322 00332

00341 -

0.0670 0.0636 0.0603

0.0572

0.0541 0.0512 0.0484

0.0458 0.0433 0.0409 0.0387 0 0365

0.0345 0.0326 00308 0.0291 0.0275 0.0261 0.0247

00235

0.0213

0.0194 0.0180 0.0168

0.0161 0.0156 0.0154 0.0154

0.0157 0.0162 00169 0.0177

0.0187 0.0198

0 0209 0.0222

0.0235

0.0248 0.0262

0.0276

0 0288

0.0300 0.0312 0.0323

0.0333 0.0341

0.0676 0.0642 0.0610

0.0578

0.0548 0.0519 0 0492 0.0466 0.0440 0.0417 0 0394 0.0372

00352 0.0332

0.0314 0 0297 00281 00267 00253 00240

00217 00198 00182 0.0170

0.0162 00156 0.0153

00153

00154 00159 00164 00172

00181 00191

00202 00214

0.0227

00240 00253

00267

00280

0 0292 0.0304 00315

0.0326 0.0335

13-22 PETROLEUM ENGINEERING HANDBOOK Diameter,

g.;

2.000 2.125 2.250 2.375

2.500 2.625 2.750 2.875 3.000

3.125

3.250 3.375 3.500 3.625 3.750 3.875 4.000

4.250 4.500

4.750 5.000

5.250 5.500 5.750

6.000

6.250

6.500 6.750 7.000

7.250 7.500

7.750 8000

8 250 8500 8 750

9.000

9.250 9 500

9.750 10000

10.250 10500 10750

11000

11.250

11.5oa 11750 12000

12.500

13.000

13500 14000

14500 15000

15500 16000

16500 17000

17500

la000

18500 19000

19500 20000

TABLE 13.lh-b VALUES FOR REYNOLDS NUMBER FACTOR, F,, PIPE TAPS (continued)

20

19.250 19.000

0.0667 0.0639

0.0613 00588

0 0562 0.0539 0.0515 0.0492 0.0470

0.0449 0.0429 0.0410 0.0391 0.0373

0.0356 0.0340

0.0324

0.0295

0.0269 0.0246 0.0225

0.0206 00190 0.0177 0.0165

0.0156 0 0149 00144 0.0141

00140 0.0140 0.0141 0.0144

0.0148 0.0154 0.0160

0.0168

0.0176 0.0185

0.0194 0.0204

0.0214 00225 0.0236

0.0247

0.0261 0.0268 0.0278 0.0288

0.0307 0.0323

0.0672 - - 00644

0.0618 0.0593

0.0568 0.0544 00520 0.0498 00476

0.0455 0.0435 0.0416 0 0397

0.0379 0.0362 0.0346 0.0330

0.0301 0.0274

0.0250 0.0229

00210 00194 0.0180

0.0168

0.0158

0.0150 0.0145 0.0141

0.0139 0.0139

00140 0.0142

0.0146 00151 0.0157

0.0163

0.0171

0.0180 0.0189 0.0198

0.0208 00219 0 0229 0.0240

0.0251

0.0262 0.0272 0.0282

0.0301 0.0318

18.814

0.0663 0.0635 0.0609 0.0583

0.0558 0.0534 0.0510

0.0488 0.0466

00445 0.0425 0.0406 0.0387

0 0369 00352 0.0336 0.0320

0.0291 00265

00242 0.0221

0.0203 0.0188

0.0175 0.0164

0.0155 0.0146 0.0143 0.0141

0.0140 00140 0.0142

0.0146

0.0151 0.0156 00163

0.0171

00180

00189 0.0198 0.0209

0.0219 0.0230 0.0241

0.0252

0.0263

0.0273 0.0284 0.0293

0.0312 0.0327

-

-

-

- -

-

-

-

- -

b

Fr=+ -&&

Internal Diameter of Pipe, d,, in.

24

22.626 23.000 23.250

- 0.0658

0.0635 0.0613 0.0591 0.0570

0.0549

0.0529 0.0509 0.0490 0.0471

0.0454 0.0436 0.0419 0.0403

0.0372 0.0343 00316 0.0292

0 0269 00248 00230 0.0212

0.0197 0.0164 0.0172 0.0162

0.0153 0.0146

0.0140 00136

00133 0.0132 0.0131 0.0131

0.0133 0.0136 0.0139 0.0143

0.0148 00154 0.0160 0.0168

0.0175 0.0183 0.0191 0.0200

0.0218 00236

0.0254

00272