AMIT MISHRA 2

INTRODUCTION

Alarms are used to monitor the site in case of any fault occur then alarm panel automatically generate the alarm for corresponding fault occurred at site.

AMIT MISHRA 3

Why alarms are used at site?

External alarm is important at BTS site because in case of any fault occur then as a maintenance engineer it will be easier for us to identify the problem and rectify it accordingly. We can check at DDF, where termination of alarm is done. It provide security and stability to whole BTS site.

AMIT MISHRA 4

ALARM

BTS

SITE

EXTERNAL

ALARM

INTERNAL

ALARM

TYPES OF ALARM AT BTS SITE

AMIT MISHRA 5

PARAMETER OF EXTERNAL ALARM

These are parameter which may differ according to manufacturer.

ALARM NO ALARM

TYPE(NO/NC)

ALARM SEVERITY

ALARM PORT

NO/PIN NO

COLOUR CODE

ROUTE OF

ALARM

ALARM NAME OR SYNTAX OR TITLE

ROOT CAUSE OF

ALARM

CAUSE OF ALARM

AMIT MISHRA 6

ALARM NAME OR SYNTAX OR TITLE

It define the name of the alarm at BTS site. It may differ according to the operator. Depending upon BTS used syntax or title can change. Some of the example of name of alarm operator are as follows..

BTS NAME ALARM NAME

NOKIA FLEXI BTS DG FAILS TO START MAINS FAILURE

ERICSSION RBS 2964 DG FAILS TO STOP DOOR OPEN

AMIT MISHRA 7

NORMALLY

OPEN

NORMALLY

CLOSED

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION CONTINUED

ALARM TYPE

ALARM NO

Every operator decide a particular alarm no for its BTS site and accordingly series of alarm is decided. for eg-7401 in NOKIA flexi BTS case.

ALARM TYPE

Type of alarm means that either alarm will be normally Closed or normally open. Normally open means that state of alarm in normal condition is OPEN. Normally closed means that state of alarm in normal condition is closed.

AMIT MISHRA 8

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

SEV

ER

ITY

CRITICAL

MAJOR

MINOR

CRITICAL

Critical means that ,it require immediate attention, if on BTS site any alarm is critical defined that means that level of alarm severity is high. for eg : LLOP- low lubricant oil pressure.

MAJOR

Major means that ,its severity level is lesser than critical but it is also needed attention as soon as possible. for eg: low fuel level

MINOR

Minor means that ,its severity level is lesser in compare to other alarm and site may not get affected as much as in case of critical and major. for eg- site on DG.

AMIT MISHRA 9

PORT

NO/PIN

NO

COLOUR

CODE

OPERATOR

SPECIFIC

ALARM PORT

Alarm port or pin no is decided by operator itself .

COLOUR CODE

The colour code of alarm wire is decided by operator itself. Always it will exist in pair for PCM cables used.

AMIT MISHRA 10

ROUTE

of

ALARM

IT DECIDE ROUTE OF

ALARM

ROOT

CAUSE

IT DECIDE THE CAUSE

OF ALARM

ROUTE OF ALARM

It decide the route of alarm or we can say that where alarm connection start till termination of that alarm.

ROOT CAUSE

Root cause means the exact cause of fault which led to the alarm at the site.

c

AMIT MISHRA 11

ALARM CABLE CONNECTION Alarm cable are PCM cable. They exist in pairs. Each alarm will be connected to ddf with these cable.(two wire is one pair) 37 pin D-type connector. Alarm ddf installed on shelter wall. Alarms are connected to sensors.

25 PAIR PCM CABLE

AMIT MISHRA 12

DDF ALARM CONNECTION

D TYPE 37 PIN

For connection of alarm these are needed.

AMIT MISHRA 13

TYPE OF EXTERNAL ALARMS 1. DOOR OPEN 2. HIGH TEMPERATURE 3. DG FAILS TO START 4. DG FAILS TO STOP 5. LOW FUEL LEVEL 6. FIRE OR SMOKE 7. LOW LUBRICATION OIL PRESSURE 8. LOAD ON DG 9. AC FAILS TO START(AC-1/AC-2) 10.RECTIFIER MODULE PAIR FAILS 11.LOW BATTERY VOLTAGE 12.SITE ON DG 13.AC -1 FAILS 14.AC-2 FAILS 15.DG RUNNING WITHOUT LOAD

AMIT MISHRA 14

TO ELABORATE ABOVE DESCRIPTION TAKE EXAMPLE OF NOKIA FLEXI BTS

There are 12 external alarm for nokia flexi BTS. For 12 alarm connection ,we need 37 pin D connector in which 24 pins will be used. For each alarm , we require one pair E1 cable having two wire. Termination of these cable is done on DDF i.e from BTS to DDF and from alarm sensor to DDF.

AMIT MISHRA 15

ALARM NO-7401/ALARM

NO1

SYNTAX-MAINS FAILURE

SEVERITY-MINOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-7/25

COLOR CODE-GREEN&

GREEN/WHITE

ROOT CAUSE -MAINS FAILURE

ROUTE OF ALARM PIU/AMF DDF BTS

AMIT MISHRA 16

ALARM NO-7402/ALARM

NO2

SYNTAX-RECTIFIER MODULE FAILURE

SEVERITY-MINOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-8/26

COLOR CODE-BLUE& BLUE/WHITE

ROOT CAUSE -RECTIFIER FAILURE

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

ROUTE OF ALARM POWER

PLANT DDF BTS

AMIT MISHRA 17

ALARM NO-7403/ALARM

NO3

SYNTAX-BATTERY AT 47V/LOW BATTERY

VOLTAGE

SEVERITY-CRITICAL

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-9/27

COLOR CODE-VOILET& WHITE VOILET

ROOT CAUSE -BATTERY VOLTAGE IS BELOW -48V

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

POWER

PLANT DDF BTS ROUTE OF ALARM

AMIT MISHRA 18

ALARM NO-7404/ALARM

NO4

SYNTAX-LOAD ON BATTERY

SEVERITY-MAJOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-10/28

COLOR CODE-GREY& WHITE GREY

ROOT CAUSE -ALL RECTIFIER IN P.P FAILED

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

POWER

PLANT DDF BTS ROUTE OF ALARM

AMIT MISHRA 19

ALARM NO-7405/ALARM

NO5

SYNTAX-LOAD ON DG

SEVERITY-MINOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-11/29

COLOR CODE-PINK& BLACK/RED

ROOT CAUSE-MAINS FAILURE

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

PIU/

AMF DDF BTS ROUTE OF ALARM

AMIT MISHRA 20

ALARM NO-7406/ALARM

NO6

SYNTAX-DG LLOP

SEVERITY-CRITICAL

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-12/30

COLOR CODE-LIGHTGREEN&

BLACK/ GREEN

ROOT CAUSE-WHEN LUBRICANT OIL PRESSURE IN ENGINE GOES BELOW SPECIFIED LEVEL

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

ROUTE OF ALARM PIU/AMF DDF BTS LLOP

SENSOR

AMIT MISHRA 21

ALARM NO-7407/ALARM

NO7

SYNTAX-LOW FUEL LEVEL

SEVERITY-MINOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-13/31

COLOR CODE-LIGHT BLUE&BLACK

ROOT CAUSE -WHEN THE FUEL IN TANK GOES BELOW 40%.

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

ROUTE OF ALARM FUEL

SENSOR PIU/AMF DDF BTS

AMIT MISHRA 22

ALARM NO-7408/ALARM

NO8

SYNTAX-DG FAIL TO START

SEVERITY-MAJOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-14/32

COLOR CODE-WHITE BLACK/WHITE

ROOT CAUSE-DG DOESNT START AFTER 3 ATTEMPTS BY PIU/AMF

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

PIU/

AMF DDF BTS ROUTE OF ALARM

AMIT MISHRA 23

ALARM NO-7409/ALARM

NO9

SYNTAX-AC FAILS

SEVERITY-MAJOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-15/33

COLOR CODE-LIGHT GREY& LIGHT GREY

/BLACK

ROOT CAUSE-BOTH AC FAILS

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

ROUTE OF ALARM- MICRO

CONTROLLER DDF BTS

AMIT MISHRA 24

ALARM N0-7410/ALARM

NO10

SYNTAX-DOOR OPEN

SEVERITY-MINOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY CLOSED

PIN NO-16/34

COLOR CODE-GREEN&

GREEN/WHITE

ROOT CAUSE -WHEN SHELTER DOOR IS OPEN.

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

ROUTE OF ALARM- DOOR

SENSOR PIU/AMF DDF BTS

AMIT MISHRA 25

ALARM NO-7411/ALARM

NO11

SYNTAX-HIGH

TEMPERATUR-E

SEVERITY-MAJOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-17/35

COLOR CODE-ORANGE/

RED&ORANGE/LIGHT GREY

ROOT CAUSE -WHEN TEMPERATURE REACHES ALARMING LEVEL.

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

ROUTE OF ALARM- MICRO

CONTROLLER DDF BTS

AMIT MISHRA 26

ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

ALARM NO-7412/ALARM

NO12

SYNTAX-FIRE/SMOKE

SEVERITY-CRITICAL

ALARM TYPE-NORMALY

OPEN

PIN NO-18/36

COLOR CODE-ORANGE

/BLACK&ORA-NGE/GREEN

ROOT CAUSE -WHEN TEMPERATURE REACHES ALARMING LEVEL.

ROUTE OF ALARM- FUEL

SENSOR PIU/AMF DDF BTS

AMIT MISHRA 27

APART FROM THESE ALARMS OF NOKIA FLEXI BTS WE HAVE FEW MORE AS FOLLOWS

SYNTAX-DG FAILS TO

STOP

COLOUR CODE-

OPERATOR SPECIFIC

PIN NO-OPERATOR SPECIFIC

ALARM NO-OPERATOR SPECIFIC

ALARM TYPE-NORMALLY

CLOSED

SEVERITY-MINOR

PIU/AMF DDF BTS ROUTE OF ALARM-

ROOT CAUSE-WHEN PIU OR AMF NOT ABLE TO STOP DG AFTER 3 ATTEMPT.

AMIT MISHRA 28

SYNTAX-AC-1 FAILS

ALARM NO-OPERATOR SPECIFIC

COLOUR CODE-OPERATOR SPECIFIC

SEVERITY-MINOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALLY

OPEN

PIN NO OPERATOR SPECIFIC

APART FROM THESE ALARMS OF NOKIA FLEXI BTS WE HAVE FEW MORE AS FOLLOWS

MICRO

CONTROLLER DDF BTS ROUTE OF ALARM-

ROOT CAUSE-WHEN AC-1 FAILS

AMIT MISHRA 29

SYNTAX-AC-2 FAILS

ALARM NO-OPERATOR SPECIFIC

COLOUR CODE-OPERATOR SPECIFIC

SEVERITY-MINOR

ALARM TYPE-NORMALLY

OPEN

PIN NO OPERATOR SPECIFIC

APART FROM THESE ALARMS OF NOKIA FLEXI BTS WE HAVE FEW MORE AS FOLLOWS

MICRO

CONTROLLER DDF BTS ROUTE OF ALARM-

ROOT CAUSE-WHEN AC-2 FAILS

AMIT MISHRA 30

LIST OF DIFFERENT OPERATOR EXTERNAL ALARM

Ericsson RBS2954

DG on DG fails to start Main fails DG fuel level LLOP DG fails to stop Cabinet temperature Fire & smoke Door smoke BFU fault Spare SMPS input fail Battery low voltage DC disconnected alarm Battery breaker off Battery disconnected

AMIT MISHRA 31

LIST OF DIFFERENT OPERATOR EXTERNAL ALARM

Ericsson RBS2964

DG on DG fails to start Main fails DG fuel level LLOP DG fails to stop Cabinet temperature Fire & smoke Door open BFU fault Spare SMPS input fail Battery low voltage DC disconnected alarm Battery breaker off Battery disconnected

AMIT MISHRA 32

LIST OF DIFFERENT OPERATOR EXTERNAL ALARM

HUAWEI 3900 Intruder A/C failure High room temperature Fire alarm Fire fighting Mains failure Generator failure Generator run Rectifier high voltage Tower light failure Rectifier 2/more failure Tower amplifier fail Rectifier low voltage Rectifier common alarm GN auto mode Low fuel in main tank

AMIT MISHRA 33

LIST OF DIFFERENT OPERATOR EXTERNAL ALARM

ZTE ZXG 10

AMIT MISHRA 34

Sl. No External Alarms ID Breaking Closing Level 1 DG ON 0 Closing 2 2 DG fail to Start 1 Closing 1 3 Mains Fail 2 Closing 1 4 High Shelter 3 Closing 1 Temperature 5 DG Fuel Level Low 4 Closing 1 6 LLOP 5 Closing 2 7 DG Fail to Stop 6 Closing 1 8 Fire and Smoke 7 Closing 1 9 Door Open 8 Closing1 10 AC 1 - OFF 9 Closing 1 11 AC 2 OFF A Closing 1 12 Spare B 13 Battery Fuse Fail C Closing 1 14 Rectifier Fail D Closing 1 15 Battery Low Voltage E Closing 1 16 SMPS Input Fail F Closing 1

ALARM DEFINED IN ERICSSON SITES:

AMIT MISHRA 35

Port ID External Alarms Closing/Breaking Level 1 0 DG ON Closing 2 2 1 DG FAIL TO START Closing 1 3 2 MAINS FAIL Closing 1 4 3 DG FUEL LEVEL LOW Closing 1 5 4 LLOP Closing 2 6 5 DG FAIL TO STOP Closing 1 7 6 CABINET TEMPERATRE Closing 1 HIGH 8 7 FIRE AND SMOKE Closing 1 9 8 BBS DOOR OPEN Closing 1 10 9 BFU FAULT Closing 1 11 10 SPARE 12 B SMPS INPUT FAIL Closing 1 13 C BATTERY LOW VOLTAGE Closing 1 14 D DC DISCONNECTED ALARM Closing 1 15 E BATTERY BREAKER OFF Closing 1 16 F BATTERY DISCONNECTED Closing1

EXTERNAL ALARMS FOR BTS (RBS 2954) SITES:

AMIT MISHRA 36

S/N TTSL Requirement Node colour code 1 AC mains fail blue-white 2 High room temperature Orange-white 3 fire alarm Green-white 4 Battery Discharge Brown-white 5 rectifier fail Blue-red 6 intruder Orange-red 7 DG low fuel Red-green 8 DG running Brown-red After we connect the cable on krone block we will give loop with krone tool one by one and check weather alarm get disappear in OMCR or not. Same way we have to check for all the 8 ports.

BELOW MENTIONED COLOUR CODE OF RBS(2954)-

AMIT MISHRA 37

EXTERNAL ALARM IN HUAWEI 3900 BTS AND COLOUR CODE-

KRONE NO:1 KRONE NO:2

NO: port SLOT DDF ALARM NO: port SLOT DDF ALARM

1 0 18 1 INTRUDER 9 0 19 1

RECTIFIER

HIGH

VOLTAGE

2 1 18 2 A/C

FAILURE 10 1 19 2

TOWER

LIGHT

FAILURE

3 2 18 3

HIGH

ROOM

TEMPERA

TURE

11 2 19 3

RECTIFIER

2/MORE

FAILURE

4 3 18 4 FIRE

ALARM 12 3 19 4

TOWER

AMPLIFIE

R FAIL

5 4 18 5 FIRE

FIGHTING 13 4 19 5

RECTIFIER

LOW

VOLTAGE

6 5 18 6 MAINS

FAILURE 14 5 19 6

RECTIFIER

COMMON

ALARM

7 6 18 7

GENERAT

OR

FAILURE

15 6 19 7 GN AUTO

MODE

8 7 18 8 GENERAT

OR RUN 16 7 19 8

LOW FUEL

IN MAIN

TANK

AMIT MISHRA 38

HUAWEI EXTERNAL ALARMS(COLOURS)

EXTERNAL ALARM COLOUR CODES

CABLE NO: PAIR COLOUR

1 1 WHITE

ORANGE

2 1 ORANGE

3 2 WHITE

GREEN

4 2 GREEN

5 3 WHITE

BLUE

6 3 BLUE

7 4 WHITE

BROWN

8 4 BROWN

AMIT MISHRA 39

INSTALLATION OF ALARM AT OUTDOOR (AC/FAN COOLED) NOKIA BTS SITE

LIST OF ALARMS (1)RECTIFIER & BTS DOOR CABINET ALARM (2)RECTIFIER MAJOR ALARM (3)RECTIFIER MINOR ALARM (4)LOW DC VOLTAGE (5)HEAT MANAGEMENT ALARM(FOR AC CABINET ONLY) (6)TEMPERATURE ALARM(FOR FAN COOL CABINE ONLY)

CORRESPONDING ALARM NO- ALARM NO1 ALARM NO2 ALARM NO3 ALARM NO4 ALARM N05 ALARM NO7

AMIT MISHRA 40

INSTALLATION OF ALARM AT OUTDOOR (AC/FAN COOLED) NOKIA BTS SITE

LIST OF COLOUR CODE OF ABOVE ALARM

ALARM NO1-RECTIFIER & BTS DOOR CABINET ALARM- GREEN & WHITE GREEN ALARM NO2-RECTIFIER MAJOR ALARM-BLUE & WHITE BLUE ALARM NO3-RECTIFIER MINOR ALARM-VIOLET & WHITE VIOLET ALARM NO4-LOW DC VOLTAGE-GREY & WHITE GREY ALARM NO5-HEAT MANAGEMENT ALARM(FOR AC CABINET ONLY)-BLUE/BLACK &BLACK BLUE ALARM NO7-TEMPERATURE ALARM(FOR FAN COOLED CABINET ONLY)-LIGHTBLUE &LIGHT BLUE/ BLACK

AMIT MISHRA 41

INSTALLATION OF ALARM AT OUTDOOR (AC/FAN COOLED) NOKIA BTS SITE

MATERIAL REQUIREMENT- ALARM CABLE KRONE RACK CAT-5 CABLE 7-9 METER SOLDERING IRON OTHRE BASIC TOOLS

AMIT MISHRA 42

INSTALLATION OF ALARM AT OUTDOOR (AC/FAN COOLED) NOKIA BTS SITE

INSTALLATION PROCESS- Initial step before installation-

(1)Alarm cable is too long so cut it into two pieces. (2)1st cable will be used to take alarm from rectifier smart pack i/o ports to crone. (3)2nd cable with connector at one end will be used for taking alarms from krone to BTS EAC port(2G cabinet).

AMIT MISHRA 43

INSTALLATION OF ALARM AT OUTDOOR (AC/FAN COOLED) NOKIA BTS SITE

INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE-

STEP-1 KRONE INSTALLATION

Install the krone on rack and fix this rack in rectifier cabinet. Use proper size bolts and washer.

AMIT MISHRA 44

Alarm cable installation(BTS KRONE)

INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE-

Connect the alarm cable connector on EAC port at BTS(2G cabinet) Bring the other end of alarm cable to rectifier through roxtec. Punch the alarm cable on the lower side of krone according to the alarms sequence. The alarm cable should be fixed properly with ties and properly routed.

AMIT MISHRA 45

INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE-

Route this cable properly with ties and fix it near the Rectifier I/O

ports

Connect Green & White Green (Alarm nu 1) with Pins 8 & 9 of CON1

(X1)

Connect Grey & White Grey (Alarm nu 4) with Pins 9 & 10 of CON2

(X2)

Connect Violet & White Violet (Alarm nu 3) with Pins 15 & 16 of

CON2 (X2)

Connect Blue & White Blue (Alarm nu 2) with Pins 18 & 19 of CON2

(X2)

Connect Light Blue & Light Blue Black (Alarm nu 7) with Pins 12 & 13

of CON2 (X2) (Only for Fan Cool Rectifier Cabinets)

AMIT MISHRA 46

CON 2

( X2 )

CON 1

( X1 )

AMIT MISHRA 47

HEAT MANAGEMENT ALARM

INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE-

Air condition in the door usually has Red & Yellow cable for Air Condition Alarm. This cable is connected to Pins 3 & 4 on CON1. Remove this cable from there & punch it on Krone.

AIR CON ALARM CABLE

AMIT MISHRA 48

Remove this cable from pins &

punch it on Krone as shown Air Con Alarm cable

INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE-

AMIT MISHRA 49

To test Heat Management Alarm cover the AC from outside with plastic so that no air can go through as shown below Air Condition covered with plastic sheet

TESTING HEAT MANAGEMENT ALARM-

INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE-

AMIT MISHRA 50

900 BTS CABINET DOOR SENSOR

INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE-

The BTS Cabinet door sensor cable is very small so we have to extend it Take 1 pair from CAT-5 Cable and solder it with the sensor wires in BTS (900 Cabinet) Route this cable properly and fix it near Smart Pack I/O ports Connect this pair with pins 3 & 4 of CON 2

BTS Cabinet door Sensor

AMIT MISHRA 51

INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE-

RECTIFIER CABINET DOOR SENSOR

Usually Rectifier door Sensor cables are already connected to the CON 1 (X1) If it is not connected then connect Rectifier Door Alarm Cable with pins 1 & 2 of CON 1 (X1) Rectifier Door cable connected to pins 1 & 2 of CON 1

Rectifier Door Sensor

AMIT MISHRA 52

Overall summary is that on any BTS site external alarms are important. Alarms make fault finding easy. External alarms make BTS site safer and easy to maintain. Each alarm has its own importance cannot be neglected.

SUMMARY

AMIT MISHRA 53