Where am I from?

1. I am a Catholic fur trader and my best friend is Native American.

2. I am a Puritan who came here in search of religious freedom. I farm, fish, and build things from wood.

3. I came looking for gold and to spread Catholicism.

Origins of Self-Government

• Magna Carta: Latin for “The Great Charter of Freedoms”

• Signed by King John in 1215

• Gave rights to nobles to act as lawmakers alongside the king.

The English Bill of Rights• King is limited by Parliament

• Citizens must be consulted before taxes increased.

• Religious freedom

Origins of Self-Government

• The Mayflower Compact: First ever constitution in the New World

• All who signed it promise to abide by laws of England and the church

• What is a constitution? – A set of rules

Origins of Self-Government

• The House of Burgesses: Jamestown 1607

• First Colonial Legislature

• Representatives made laws and decided taxation for their colony.

Self-Government in the Colonies

• Salutary Neglect: “Beneficial Neglect”

• England only paid attention to the colonies when they needed something

Self Gov’t Review

1. Mayflower Compact

2. House of Burgesses

3. Magna Carta

A. Stated that King would make laws with help of nobles

B. First colonial legislature

C. Stated that all who signed will follow laws of England and the church

The Classroom Constitution• From time to time Mr. Cable will not be present. In

his absence we must agree upon a set of rules to abide by. In the event that I am not here, you are still responsible for completing class work and notes. Working in small committees, you are to draft a class constitution to abide by. Things to keep in mind:– Who is going to lead the class?– You need 10 basic rules– What happens to those who violate the rules?– School rules still apply

Bell Ringer1. What is a constitution?

2. What was the first legislature in the New World?

3. Why were colonists able to practice small forms of self government?

Limits on Freedom: Mercantilism• High demand goods like tobacco,

sugar, and cotton were only permitted to be sold to England.– Why?

• Gold most important

• All goods sold to foreign countries had to be shipped to England first, and taxes paid before the sale could be complete.– Why?

Government Intervention

• Governor of New England collected taxes whenever he felt like it!

• King James declares religious tolerance in colonies, and the Puritans get ticked off!

Government Intervention

• King James II takes over New England and New York and throws out their colonial legislatures.

• Replaces them with his own people

Mini-Essay

• Taking what you learned yesterday, explain two ways that colonial Americans were able to govern themselves. Next, think about the three ways that England later limited colonial freedom. Finally, predict how the giving then taking away of freedom from the colonists is going to affect the relationship between colonist and king.

Economic Diversity (Do Not Copy)

• Spanish colonies focused on:– Gold

• French Colonies focused on:– Fur

• English colonies were more diverse. Colonies specialized in whatever the geography allowed.

Southern Colonies• Southern economies

relied on exporting staple crops– Tobacco, indigo, and rice

• Large amounts of labor needed

• By 1700, African slaves outnumbered English colonists

Middle Colonies• Economy:– Timber– Farming– Fishing

• NY and Philly centers for international trade.

• PA founded by Quakers– William Penn– Religious tolerance

New England• Economy– Small farms– Timber– Raw materials

• Centered on trade– Puritans would trade

with RI

• RI – Roger Williams– Religious Tolerance

Life in Colonial America

• People living in the colonies lived longer than their English counterparts.

• Most boys ended formal education at 10 and moved on to apprentice and learn a trade.

• Major Universities founded 1)Harvard 2) William and Mary 3) Yale

• Southern children typically were privately tutored

Daily Review1. Which colonial region relied most heavily on slave

labor?

2. Which colonial region contained small farms and relied on trade?

3. Which region was home to a diverse economy and had large cities for international trade?

Colonial Tension• An increase in immigration caused territorial

expansion

• As new immigrants arrived, people kept moving West in Native American lands.

African Americans in the Colonies

• The Low Country had the highest slave population in the colonies and slaves outnumbered whites.

• Low Country slaves typically worked on plantations while slaves in VA and MD worked as cooks and laborers in towns.

• Slavery not unique to the South, but Southern slaves outnumbered slaves in the North 8 to 1

The Stono Rebellion

• Charleston 1739

• 60 slaves kill 20 whites and burn down the local armory.

• Slaves killed on the Edisto River