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PracticalPractical

physiologyphysiologyDr. Ramadan MohamedDr. Ramadan Mohamed

 Ahmed Ahmed

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Practical HaematologyPractical Haematology

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Packed Cell Volume P.C.V.Packed Cell Volume P.C.V.

((HaematocritHaematocrit) and) andBlood indicesBlood indices

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HAEMATOCRIT VALUE (ratio)HAEMATOCRIT VALUE

(ratio)

(HV)

(HV)

Packe cell !ol"me (PCV)Packe cell !ol"me

(PCV)

It is a percentage ratioIt is a percentage ratio

of red blood corpusclesof red blood corpuscles

in bloodin blood 

Normally, the H.V isNormally, the H.V is

47% for adult male,47% for adult male,

42% for adult female42% for adult female

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Capillary t"#eCapillary t"#e

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Haematocrite !al"eHaematocrite !al"e

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PCV (HCt)

Principle:Principle: 

 A volume of uncoagulated blood is

centrifuged at high speed in a capillarytube. The level of packed cell is read

directly from the graphic reader graphic reader , and the

reading is expressed as a percentage (%)percentage (%).

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PCV (Hct)

Procedure:Procedure:

 Fill a heparinied capillary tube !ith blood to about

  "# % of its length.

 $eal one end of the capillary tube !ith sealing clay.

 lace the capillary tube in a high speed centrifuge.

  The sealed end should be kept outside.

 lace the cover of the centrifuge and begin

centrifugation for (&') min.

 ead the percentage of packed cells directly from

  the graphic reader.

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Haematocrite reaerHaematocrite reaer

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Interpretation of HV Interpretation of HV 

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$etermi%e haematocrite$etermi%e haematocrite

!al"e!al"e

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PCV (Hct)

  *+ is seen in dehydration, and

polycythemia.

  *+ is seen in anaemia

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PCV (Hct.)

  - Normal (PCV) values:

- adult male  - / 0 %

- adult female- adult female - 1 0 %

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Interpretation of HV Interpretation of HV 

2+ increased in polycythemia 3

dehydration.2+ decreased in anaemia 3overhydration.

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ER&THROPOIE'I'ER&THROPOIE'I'

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A%aemiaA%aemiaDecreased Hb, or number of

RCs, or bot!

C C

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Ca"ses oCa"ses o

a%aemiaa%aemia"- Deficienc# "naemias4' iron deficiency anaemia.

44. pernicious anaemia.

- Hemol#tic "naemia

(anemia due to e$cessive blood destruction)

5'hemolytic, anemia due to congenital abnormalities of

erythrocyte

1'hemolytic anemia due to infective or toxic factors

&'hemolytic anemia due to erythrocyte antibodiesC- "plastic "nemia

(anemia due to damage of bone marro!)

5'primary (idiopathic) 1' secondary

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19/19dl d 74@ hdl d 74@ h