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15 Hamish Mackie

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    One job or two?Truck driver work, sleep,alertness and performance

    Hamish Mackie

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    Work

    (14 hours, incl

    commuting)

    Sleep

    (8 hours)

    Life: exercise, eating

    recreation, chores,

    family, community

    (2 hours!!!?)

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    Problem / Questions

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    Study design

    Initial meetings with operators and day with

    driver to scope issues and task demands

    Questionnaire (225 drivers, 16% of pop)

    Anonymous information from operators used to

    validate some variables (weight, hearing etc)

    In cab half-day driver interviews (15 drivers)

    Industry focus group for recommendations

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    Key Findings

    Obesity: Nutrition/exercise

    Workplace injuries

    Work/life balance (incl workinghours and fatigue)

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    Drowsy drivers

    0

    5

    10

    15

    20

    25

    30

    35

    40

    45

    50

    4 5 6 7 8 9 or more

    Hours of sleep per night

    %of

    drivers

    drowsy now

    and then

    drowsy at

    least "fairly

    regularly"

    25% of drivers report getting 4-5 hourssleep per night

    15% of drivers report feeling drowsy while

    truck driving on a frequent basis

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    Log truck driver

    sleep, alertness and performance

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    0

    5

    10

    15

    20

    25

    30

    35

    40

    45

    50

    55

    Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

    Day of Week

    No.ofCrashes

    Loss of control log truck roll-overs 2001-2009

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    Purpose:

    Describe the sleep patterns of log truck drivers

    Determine whether sleep patterns are likely to be

    contributors to early working week crash risk.

    Considerations and purpose

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    Study method

    Two main stages of data collection:

    1) Validation of a sleep diary using activity monitors (12

    drivers, both sleep diary and activity monitor for 1 week)

    2) A survey of drivers (45 drivers, 7-day sleep diary only plusquestions)

    0

    500

    1000

    1500

    2000

    2500

    3000

    7:22:00

    8:01:00

    8:40:00

    9:19:00

    9:58:00

    10:37:00

    11:16:00

    11:55:00

    12:34:00

    13:13:00

    13:52:00

    14:31:00

    15:10:00

    15:49:00

    16:28:00

    17:07:00

    17:46:00

    18:25:00

    19:04:00

    19:43:00

    20:22:00

    21:01:00

    21:40:00

    22:19:00

    22:58:00

    23:37:00

    0:16:00

    0:55:00

    1:34:00

    2:13:00

    2:52:00

    3:31:00

    4:10:00

    4:49:00

    5:28:00

    6:07:00

    6:46:00

    Activity

    counts

    Time

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    Findings

    Night Time to

    bed

    (average)

    Time asleep

    (average)

    Time wake

    (average)

    Total Sleep

    duration

    (average)

    Rating of

    sleep

    (average)*

    Monday 8:15 PM 8:40 PM 3:02 AM 6hrs 17min 3.4

    Tuesday 8:15 PM 8:37 PM 2:54 AM 6hrs 17min 3.6

    Wednesday 8:20 PM 8:39 PM 2:49 AM 6hrs 16min 3.5

    Thursday 8:45 PM 9:00 PM 3:28 AM 6hrs 31min 3.7

    Friday 9:45 PM 10:15 PM 6:40 AM 8hrs 39min 4.1

    Saturday 9:02 PM 9:33 PM 6:17 AM 7hrs 48min 3.7

    Sunday 8:08 PM 8:37 PM 2:55 AM 6hrs 29min 3.5

    * 1 = very bad, 5 = great

    Summary of Sleep diary results for each night of the week

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    Findings

    Summary of Sleep diary results forweek nights

    0

    10

    20

    30

    4050

    60

    70

    80

    90

    Numberofw

    eekday

    drivernights

    Hours sleep (per night)

    Generallyrecommended hourssleep per night

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    Belenky et al. (2003), J Sleep Res, 12, 1-12

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    Questionnaire results

    Times of the week (Monday am, Monday pm, Tuesday am etc) drivers felt

    they were at most risk of tiredness, fatigue or loss of attention

    40

    45

    50

    55

    60

    65

    70

    75

    Mon

    am

    Mon

    pm

    Tues

    am

    Tues

    pm

    Wed

    am

    Wed

    pm

    Thurs

    am

    Thurs

    pm

    Fri am Fri pm

    tirednessrisk

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    Questionnaire results

    Comments from those who ranked Mondays or Tuesdays as times of

    high risk for tiredness, fatigue or loss of attention :

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    Questionnaire results

    What could be done to make tiredness or fatigue less of a problem

    for log truck drivers?:

    Solution mentioned Count

    Less hours 12

    Regular start times 7

    higher wages 7

    later start 4

    Eat well / stay healthy (+ provision) 4Take breaks 4

    More sleep 4

    Improve scheduling 2

    Awareness/encouragement 1

    Log book pressure 1

    Stimulants 1

    Education public 1

    Manage weekend 1

    Places to pull over and socialise 1

    longer breaks 1

    Better roads 1

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    Conclusions

    Not enough sleep

    Work during risky hours

    Weekend/weekday transition problems?

    Current working hours related to many driver issues

    Work

    (14 hours, inclcommuting)

    Sleep

    (8 hours)

    Life: exercise, eating

    recreation, chores,family, community

    (2 hours!!!?)

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    Thank you


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