1architectural construction oneWeek 6 Lecture 6 2015
FLOORSStaging Experiences
Floor systems are the horizontal planes that must support both the dead and live loads.
Floor systems must transfer their loads yhorizontally to either beams and columns or loadbearing walls or beams and hangers.
Floor system will consists of the following:
Plane Horizontal supports Finishes, Insulation, Damp Proofing
2JacobsenLe Corbusier
EamesAarnioKelsyus
Concepts of Floor Support System
3Century TowerFoster & Partners
Functions of floor slab
Transmit loadings
Diaphragm resisting lateral force
Horizontal fire compartments
Sound insulation against airborne noise & footsteps
I l ti Insulation
Damp proofing
Others..
4Lecture outline
Basic Floor Systems
Types of Floor ConstructionTimber, Steel, Concrete
Rethinking the Floor
Types of Floor Support System
Solid Floor Suspended Floor
5Hardcore Sand Blinding Laying of DPM
Insulation (Temperate) Cast Concrete Slab
Construction of a Solid Ground Slab
6Bitumen based Damp Proof Membrane
7
8
9High density polyethylene membrane as protective layer over waterproofing
C t d E th FlCompacted Earth Floor
10
Emergency Shelters, Bhuj, IndiaShigeru Ban
11
12
Sarimbun Scout CampAkitek Tenggara
13
Suspended Timber FloorSolid Reinforced Concrete Ground Floor
14
Emerald Hill ShophouseWilliam Lim Architects
Solid Ground Floor Slab
15
16
600mm
Fixing Boards on Joist
17
Interfacing of Floor and Wall
Fixing Timber onto Concrete or Brickwork
Resin Anchor Bolt Expansion Bolt
18
Yellow Tree House RestaurantAuckland, New Zealand
Peter Eising & Lucy Gauntlett
19
20
21
22
Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
TimberJoistWidth 50
200 -300 2000 - 6000 12 - 20
Width 50mm
RC beam 400 -700 5000 - 15000 14 - 20
Hot rolledUniversal beam
200 - 500 6000 30000 15 - 20
Steel lattice truss
1000 - 4000 12000 45000 8 - 15
Estimating Beam DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon
23
Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
Plywood floor deck
12 - 30 300 - 900 30 - 40
T&G Timber floor board
16 - 25 600 - 800 25 - 35
RC SlabOne way span
100 - 250 2000 - 7000 22 - 32
Composite slab
100 - 200 2000 - 4000 25 - 30
Estimating Slab DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon
24
25
26
Visitor Centre at TanarimbaNgan Ching Woo
27
Suspended Timber Floor
Keldy Castle Forest CabinCropton, Yorkshire, England Hird & Brooks Architects
28
29
Cocoon HousePaul Rudolph
30
31
Westminster LodgeEdward Cullinan
32
33
Steel Connection
Welding Welding
Bolts
Plates / Angles
Connectors
34
Beam to BeamBeam to ColumnConnections
Welded nodal connector at Swiss Re by Foster & Partners
35
c. Composite floors with steel decking
Steel decking as reinforcement for concrete slab Mesh as anti-shrinkage cracks measure Bond between concrete, decking and beam Fire-engineering or add on fire protection Slab act as horizontal diaphragm
Steel Deck Floor will consist of the following:
Steel profile deck, galvanised reinforcement or formwork or bothConcrete floor slab, rigidity, sound insulation, fire protectionWire mesh reinforcement or prevention of cracking or bothShear Stud - bonding between slab & beam
Concrete
Wire mesh
Steel deck
Shear stud
36
Primary beam
Secondary beam
9 m
3m 3m
Steel decking with 3m span unpropped
37
Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
TimberJoistWidth 50
200 -300 2000 - 6000 12 - 20
Width 50mm
RC beam 400 -700 5000 - 15000 14 - 20
Hot rolledUniversal beam
200 - 500 6000 30000 15 - 20
Steel lattice truss
1000 - 4000 12000 45000 8 - 15
Estimating Beam DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon
Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
Plywood floor deck
12 - 30 300 - 900 30 - 40
T&G Timber floor board
16 - 25 600 - 800 25 - 35
RC SlabOne way span
100 - 250 2000 - 7000 22 - 32
Composite slab
100 - 200 2000 - 4000 25 - 30
Estimating Slab DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon
38
Composite Floor with Steel BeamsP t RC Fl ith St l BPrecast RC Floor with Steel Beams
Schulitz HouseBeverly Hills, California
H.C. Schulitz
39
40
Farnsworth HouseMies van der Rohe
41
42
43
Redefining & Rethinking the Floor
Community Bridge over Yilan River, TaiwanHuang Sheng YuanField Office
44
45
46
Sunken SeatsMontessori School, Delft
Herman HertzbergerHerman Hertzberger
Suitcase HouseGary Chang
47
48
49
50
RomanUnder floor Heating
Radiant Floor Heating and Cooling
51
Floor meeting Column
Willemspark SchoolHerman Hertzberger
Hedmark Cathedral Museum Hamar, NorwaySvere Fehn
52
Paving at Philopapou HillAthensDimitris Pikionis
We rejoice in the progress of our body across the uneven surface of the earth and our spirit is gladdened by the endless interplay of the three dimensions that we encounter with every step.
Dimitris Pikionis
53
Slow downglass floor aheadHerman Hertzberger Aerdenhout School
Maritime Youth HouseCopenhagen, Denmark
Bjarke Ingels Group
54
55
56
Henderson Wave BridgeRSP Architects
All Glass FootbridgeRotterdam, Holland
Dirk Jan Postel
Span 3mFloor plate thickness 15 mmLaminated glassSide walls thickness 10mmSide walls thickness 10mmDoubled glazed6mm tempered glass
57
Ching D.K. Francis, 2001. Building Construction Illustrated 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Chapter 4
Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
TimberJoistWidth 50
200 -300 2000 - 6000 12 - 20
Width 50mm
RC beam 400 -700 5000 - 15000 14 - 20
Hot rolledUniversal beam
200 - 500 6000 30000 15 - 20
Steel lattice truss
1000 - 4000 12000 45000 8 - 15
Estimating Beam DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon
58
Element Typical Depthd mm
Typical SpanL mm
Typical Span depth ratioL /d
Plywood floor deck
12 - 30 300 - 900 30 - 40
T&G Timber floor board
16 - 25 600 - 800 25 - 35
RC SlabOne way span
100 - 250 2000 - 7000 22 - 32
Composite slab
100 - 200 2000 - 4000 25 - 30
Estimating Slab DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon