Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 V16.03
SUBJECT 4
Foundations of Massage 2
HLT52015 Diploma of Remedial Massage HLT42015 Certificate IV in Massage Therapy
studymassage.com.au National Office: 98 York Street South Melbourne Victoria 3205
Page 2 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
© Evolve College Pty Ltd, 2016 This document is copyright. This document may not, in whole or in part, and in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, micro copying, photocopying, recording or otherwise) be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted without prior written permission.
Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016 Page 3
Contents
Subject Details ...................................................................................................... 4
General Information ................................................................................... 4
Suggested Lesson sequence ................................................................ 4
Suggested Equipment for Practical Component .......................... 4
Practical Lessons .................................................................................................. 5
Content Outline ........................................................................................... 5
Lesson 1 Abdominal Massage ............................................................... 6
Objectives ................................................................................................... 6
Abdominal Massage ................................................................................ 7
Lesson 2 Chest and Neck Massage ..................................................... 10
Objectives ................................................................................................. 10
Lesson 3 & 4 Front of Leg Massage .................................................... 12
Objectives ................................................................................................. 12
Lesson 5 Pregnancy Massage .............................................................. 14
Objectives ................................................................................................. 14
Positioning ................................................................................................ 15
Massage sequence ................................................................................. 16
Getting off the table .............................................................................. 16
Cautions ..................................................................................................... 16
Lesson 6 Oedema Massage................................................................... 17
Objectives ................................................................................................. 17
Supine Position ....................................................................................... 17
Prone Position ......................................................................................... 18
Lesson 7 & 8 Part 1: Full Body Massage ........................................... 19
Objectives ................................................................................................. 19
Order of body parts ............................................................................... 19
Things to avoid ........................................................................................ 22
Lesson 7 & 8 Part 2: Full Body Massage Self Evaluation ............. 23
Objectives ................................................................................................. 23
Page 4 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
Subject Details
Welcome to training with Evolve College.
Evolve College aims to bring massage awareness, education and recognition to the community as a valued means of health care.
Massage is perhaps one of the most popular forms of complimentary health care. In recent times massage has become much more formalised and massage associations have been formed to promote the science of massage as well as to safeguard the interests of the public and the profession.
Evolve College is a Nationally Accredited course provider and as such is listed on the National Register of Providers. This is your assurance that the College is a nationally recognised educator offering approved courses and administration services.
General Information
Suggested Lesson sequence
In order to gain the most from each lesson it is suggested that you work through them in the order they are presented.
Suggested Equipment for Practical Component
Equipment required for this subject includes:
Two large size towels (Beach Towel size) or two cotton sheets
Two smaller towels
One pillow or footroll
Massage oil (cold pressed vegetable oil) - do not use baby oil
A massage table (you do not need to bring your massage table to class)
Isowipes, viraclean or any equivalent hospital grade disinfectant
Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016 Page 5
Practical Lessons
This section of Foundations of Massage 2 continues with the practical application of relaxation massage from Foundations of Massage 1. Additional massage sequences to the front of the body are provided and the theory and practice of giving a full body massage is covered with particular emphasis on correct draping techniques.
Content Outline
Lesson 1 Abdominal Massage
Lesson 2 Chest and Neck Massage
Lesson 3 & 4 Front of Leg Massage
Lesson 5 Pregnancy Massage
Lesson 6 Oedema Massage
Lesson 7 & 8 Part 1: Full Body Massage
Lesson 7 & 8 Part 2: Full Body Massage Self Evaluation
Page 6 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
Lesson 1 Abdominal Massage
Objectives
Using the information in this lesson, the student will be able to do the following:
1. Perform the appropriate draping techniques for an abdominal massage.
2. Perform the massage sequence for an abdominal massage.
___________________________________
To encourage peristalsis and the mechanical emptying of the colon, all massage techniques must be directed clockwise.
To avoid any chance of impaction of faecal material, the stroking should begin in the lower right hand quadrant. The person is positioned in supine and a pillow under the knees is essential to relax the abdominal area as well as take the pressure off the lower back.
ý Work in an overall clockwise direction. Start at the ascending colon, go across the transverse colon and down the descending colon, with small anti-clockwise circles.
Descending Colon
Transverse Colon
Ascending Colon
Rectum
It is best to still do small anticlockwise circles but let the overall direction of your
massage routine work in a clockwise direction around the abdomen.
Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016 Page 7
Abdominal Massage
Always work
Start
Check COMFORT
Client positioned in supine with arms by side.
Slight flexion of knees will help relax abdominals.
Make CONTACT
DEFINE the area
Remove DRAPING
Apply OIL
Sequence
1. Single Handed STROKING clockwise direction
work in a clockwise direction
right hand stays on the abdomen
ensure the circle made by the hands is as wide as possible
A
C
B
Page 8 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
2. Oval Stroking Diamond STROKE abdomen
A
D C
B
Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 ACM 2013 Page 9
3. ANTI-CLOCKWISE MOVEMENTS using fingers small anticlockwise circles in an overall clockwise direction
4. Single Handed STROKING clockwise direction
5. Lumbar LIFT
Finish
Replace DRAPING
Remove OIL
Make CONTACT
Page 10 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
Lesson 2 Chest and Neck Massage
Objectives
Using the information in this lesson, the student will be able to do the following:
1. Perform the appropriate draping techniques for a chest and neck massage.
2. Perform the massage sequence for a chest and neck massage.
3. Adopt the correct body posture for the abdominal, chest and neck massages.
___________________________________
Start
Check COMFORT
Make CONTACT (A)
DEFINE the area (B)
Remove DRAPING (C)
Fold the horizontal towel back.
Drape so the nipple area of the chest remains covered.
Apply OIL (D)
Sequence
1. Rowing STROKE Shoulders to occiput
2. Circular KNEADING Shoulders
A B
D C
Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016 Page 11
3. Thumb GLIDE inferior side of clavicle (collar bone)
4. Rowing STROKE Shoulders to occiput
5. Alternate Single Handed STROKING neck
6. Rowing STROKE to occiput
Finish
Replace DRAPING
Remove OIL
Make CONTACT
Page 12 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
Lesson 3 & 4 Front of Leg Massage
Objectives
Using the information in this lesson, the student will be able to do the following:
4. Perform the appropriate draping techniques for a leg massage in the supine position.
5. Perform the massage sequence for a relaxation massage of the front of the legs.
6. Adopt the correct body posture for massaging the front of legs.
__________________________________
Start
Check COMFORT
Make CONTACT
DEFINE the area
Remove DRAPING
Apply OIL
Sequence
1. Rowing STROKE entire leg
sandwich foot
2. Reverse Rowing STROKE thigh
thigh to knee to thigh
emphasize upward drainage towards the heart
3. Anticlockwise PETRISSAGE thigh
4. Knuckle FRICTIONS thigh
5. Circular STROKES knee
2 2C
2A
2B
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6. Circular V STROKING lower leg
7. Circular gentle thumb FRICTIONS lateral edge of tibia (shin bone)
one thumb follows the other
8. FRICTIONS peroneus and tibialis anterior
these are muscles of the outside of the lower leg
A. Thumb FRICTIONS
B. Knuckle FRICTIONS
C. FRICTIONS with fingers
9. BREAKING BREAD top of foot
10. Small Circles RAKING between tendons
11. CIRCLING ankles
12. Rowing STROKE entire leg
Finish
Replace DRAPING
Remove OIL
Make CONTACT
Repeat on other leg
ý Never just massage one leg, always repeat on the other leg. Otherwise the client may feel unbalanced.
A B C
Page 14 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
Lesson 5 Pregnancy Massage
Objectives
Using the information in this lesson, the student will be able to do the following:
1. Perform a pregnancy massage using the correct levels in the side lying position.
2. Perform a pregnancy massage using the correct levels in the seated position.
3. Perform a pregnancy massage using the correct levels in the supine position.
4. Identify the cautions and contraindications in massaging a pregnant woman.
___________________________________
Prenatal care is very important for pregnant women. Pregnancy is not an illness; it is a natural event. A woman who is pregnant is undergoing extensive physical and emotional changes. Pregnancy is divided into three distinct segments: the first, second and third trimesters.
ge hormonal changes that are likely to cause mood swings. The most common complaint is morning sickness or nausea, which results from the physical body adjusting to the growing baby. This is also a very vulnerable time for the developing baby.
Massage given at this time is a general wellness massage, which may help to level out the
not yet started to expand. Level one and two strokes are indicated while level three frictions should be avoided around the abdomen and pelvis area.
The second trimester usually brings a levelling of the hormones and the woman feels better. Toward the end of the second trimester, the connective tissue begins to soften to allow the pelvis to spread. Over stretching must be avoided. Alternate positioning for side lying is important. Level three needs to be avoided.
During the last trimester, the weight of the growing baby, the postural shifts and the movement of the internal organs may cause discomfort for the pregnant woman. The lower back may ache from the postural shift. Again side lying is the only way for the woman to lie at this stage of the pregnancy and deep massage should be avoided.
Also at this stage fluid accumulation can occur causing the legs and feet to swell. An oedema massage using level one stroking only is indicated. If giving a foot massage use only stroking (level 1) technique, avoid using deep pressure on areas of the foot particularly near the ankle.
Page 15 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 © Evolve College 2015
Positioning
Consideration needs to be given to each individual client and their particular needs, the ultimate aim being to ensure the client is comfortable. After the first trimester, the pregnant woman will need to be positioned differently.
There are 3 choices with regard to positioning during pregnancy.
These include:
Side Lying
Supine (face up)
Seated
Positioning - Side Lying
Pillow under abdomen (optional)
Pillow under head to ensure spine is kept straight
Pillow folded in half then the draping placed over it
Bottom leg straight, top leg flexed over 2 pillows
Fully draped ready to commence the massage
Rowing STROKE back
Stay seated for at least 5 minutes before standing (massage shoulders while seated)
Positioning Supine
Only 5-10 minutes as blood supply to foetus is reduced
Legs slightly elevated (as for the oedema massage)
Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 Evolve College 2015 Page 16
Positioning Seated
Ensure the top pillow is placed lengthways as this keeps the towel in place for the correct draping.
Rowing STROKE back
Massage sequence
Start
Check COMFORT
Make CONTACT
DEFINE the area
Remove DRAPING
Apply OIL
Sequence
Level ONE Strokes
Light Level TWO Strokes
Finish with Level ONE Strokes
ý Do not do any Level THREE
Finish
Replace DRAPING
Remove OIL
Make CONTACT
Getting off the table
Slide legs off the table and sit up slowly
Stay seated for at least 5 minutes before standing (massage shoulders while seated)
Cautions
Use of essential oils in massage blend.
ý At this stage it would be best that you just use no essential oils or lavender until you learn which essential oils are contraindicated during pregnancy.
Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016 Page 17
Lesson 6 Oedema Massage
Objectives
Using the information in this lesson, the student will be able to do the following:
1. Perform the appropriate draping techniques for an oedema massage.
2. Perform the massage sequence for an oedema massage.
3. Adopt the correct body posture for an oedema massage.
4. Position the limb correctly for an oedema massage.
___________________________________
Oedema is the Greek word for swelling. It is basically fluid retention and it occurs when more fluid builds up in the tissues than the circulatory and lymph systems combined can accommodate. The purpose of oedema massage is to decrease that fluid accumulation.
The oedema massage is one of the rare exceptions where we begin in supine and finish in prone. In the supine position 2 pillows are placed under the knees and 2 or 3 under the ankles to raise the legs for optimum venous and lymphatic flow. For the prone position, remove the pillows from under the knees and retain the 2 or 3 pillows under the ankles.
Supine Position
Start
Check COMFORT, Make CONTACT, DEFINE the area, Remove DRAPING, Apply OIL
1. Rowing STROKE entire leg
2. V STROKING entire leg
3. V STROKING thigh
4. Single Handed STROKING thigh
5. Double Handed STROKING thigh
6. Double Handed Fan STROKE thigh
Page 18 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
7. V STROKING lower leg
8. Double Handed Fan STROKE lower leg
Use outside hand with fingers pointing in, inside hand on top
Fan over the knee
9. STROKING lower leg into thigh
10. V STROKING ankle
11. STROKING ankle into lower leg
12. STROKING ankle into lower leg into thigh
13. STROKING foot
14. STROKING foot into ankle into lower leg
15. STROKING entire leg
Finish
Replace DRAPING, Remove OIL, Make CONTACT
Repeat on other leg
Turning Technique
To perform the turning technique from supine to prone, your client will need to be wearing a T shirt.
Prior to turning remove 3 fold towel from under their head and move pillow down to ankles.
Prone Position
Start
Check COMFORT, Make CONTACT, DEFINE the area, Remove DRAPING, Apply OIL
16. STROKING entire leg
17. Single Handed STROKING thigh
18. Double Handed Fan STROKE thigh
19. Double Handed V STROKING lower leg
20. STROKING lower leg into thigh
21. V STROKING foot
22. STROKING foot into lower leg
23. STROKING foot into lower leg into thigh
Finish
Replace DRAPING, Remove OIL, Make CONTACT
Repeat on other leg
Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 Evolve College 2015 Page 19
Lesson 7 & 8 Part 1: Full Body Massage
Objectives
Using the information in this lesson, the student will be able to do the following:
1. Take a client history and complete Client history and treatment form
2. Perform a full body massage treatment in 1 hour using relaxation tempo.
3. Perform the appropriate draping techniques for each body part being massaged, i.e. back (including upper buttocks), back of legs, face, chest, abdominals, arms and front of legs.
4. Set the massage table up correctly prior to starting the massage.
5. Perform the turning technique.
6. Position the client correctly in the prone position.
7. Position the client correctly in the supine position.
8. Adopt the correct body posture throughout the full body massage.
Use your notes for sequences for each body part as a guide. You do not have to perform the exact same strokes as in the manual. The important thing to remember is that you must attempt level one on a body area before level two and then perform level three before finishing off with a repeat of level one.
How many strokes in each level is not a priority, the difficulty is in getting the full body massage in one hour. Normally two or three of each type of stroke is sufficient - any more and you are likely to go over time.
Order of body parts
Some options for you to consider:
Option One
1. Back (including upper buttocks)
2. Back of legs
Turn over
3. Chest and Neck
4. Abdominals
5. Face
6. Arms
7. Front of legs
Page 20 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
8. Feet
Option Two
1. Back (including upper buttocks)
2. Back of legs
Turn over
3. Face
4. Arms
5. Chest and Neck
6. Abdominals
7. Front of legs
8. Feet
In Option 1 and 2 the feet are left until last due to hygiene reasons. This means that when doing the back of the legs, the feet are not included.
Option Three
1. Back (including upper buttocks)
2. Back of legs and feet
Turn over
3. Chest and neck
4. Abdominals
5. Face
6. Arms
7. Front of legs and feet
Option Four
1. Back (including upper buttocks)
2. Back of Legs and feet
Turn over
3. Front of Legs and feet
4. Abdominals
Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016 Page 21
5. Arms
6. Chest and Neck
7. Face
Option Five
1. Back (including upper buttocks)
2. Back of Legs and feet
Turn over
3. Front of Legs and feet
4. Arms
5. Abdominals
6. Chest and Neck
7. Face
Full Body Massage is always completed in the prone position followed by turning over and finishing in the supine position. The back can be a safer area to begin the massage and is also the area that may need the most time and treatment. Completing the back and back of legs first allows the client to relax before the more sensitive areas of the body, the chest and neck, face and abdominal regions are massaged in supine.
The following times can be used as a guide. Please keep in mind that the full body massage treatment must be completed in 1 hour.
This is an approximate guide only:
Back - 15 minutes
Back of legs & feet - 5 minutes each
Turning and positioning in supine - 3 minutes
Chest and neck - 4 minutes
Face - 4 minutes
Abdominals - 4 minutes
Arms - 5 minutes each
Front of legs & feet - 5 minutes each
Total Time: 60 minutes
ý Variations can be made on the order and times for a full body massage.
ý The main aims are: keep a flow complete in 1 hour slow tempo
Page 22 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
ý Checklist for the massage therapist: body stance draping techniques hand skills use of correct levels of massage.
Things to avoid
Below are some things to avoid when doing a full body massage for relaxation purposes.
Chatting to the client
Try to keep the dialogue to a minimum within the treatment, especially after the first 10 to 15 minutes. Allow the person then to have quiet time to themselves. The only communication you need to have with the client is to check pressure when in level three. Remember, the aim of relaxation massage is for the client to fully relax with their attention on themselves. Keeping the dialogue going distracts this process.
Lifting or changing the position of any of the body parts
Repeated applications of oil on the one body area
This disrupts the flow of the massage. For example, one application of oil should be sufficient on the back, it would be a rare exception to have to apply more oil to the back half way through the back massage.
Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016 Page 23
Lesson 7 & 8 Part 2: Full Body Massage Self Evaluation
Objectives
Using the information in this lesson, the student will be able to do the following:
1. Assess their own level of competency with regard to:
a. draping the client for each body part
b. positioning the client
c. hand skills for level one, two and three
d. communication with the client before during and after treatment
e. stance at the side and the top of the table
2. Complete a full body massage in one hour using relaxation tempo practicing at least two different options.
___________________________________
After completing the full body massage treatment give yourself a rating using the table below.
1. History Taking
2. Draping
3. Positioning - supine/prone
4. Checking for comfort
5. Level 1
6. Level 2
7. Level 3
8. Communication with client
9. Use of oil
10. Posture and stance
Comments:
Page 24 Subject 04 Foundations of Massage 2 v16.03 © Evolve College 2016
Grading Key
A Excellent 5
B Above Average 4
C Average 3
D Below Average 2
E Unsatisfactory 1
Total Score 50
Pass Score 30
Your Score