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THE WANKEL ROTARY EN
PRESENTED BYASHISH GOEL1102740032ME-G IIIyr
UNDER GUMR. DEVEN
SASSOCIATE PROF
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Content Introduction
History
Parts of Wankel engine
Principle and Working
Advantages
Disadvantages
Applications
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INTRODUCTION TheWankel engine is a type of internal combust
which an eccentric rotary design is used to convert p
rotating motion instead of using reciprocating pistons.
Its four-phase cycle takesplace in a space between the
oval-like epitrochoid-shaped housing and a rotor that is sito a Reuleaux trianglebut with sides that are somewhat fla
The very compactWankel engine delivers smooth high-r
is commonly called a rotary engine, though this name a
other completely different designs.
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Ideas have existed since the 16thcentury.
German scientist Felix Wankel was the first to put the idea into a woo Funded by the German Aviation Ministryduring WWII.o Germany believed that the rotary engine would propel their industry into eventual greatn
Wankel first conceived his rotary engine in 1924 and finally receive
1929. He worked through the 1940s and 1950s to improve the design
Wankel perfected his design and sold the rights for the desig
companies in 1960s.
Mazda produced its first rotary power car in 1961 and created theDivision in 1963.
In 2003, Mazda relaunched the rotary engine with the new MAZDA
In the racing world, Mazda has had great success with both two-rot
cars, and private racers have also had considerable success with sto
Mazda Wankel-engined cars.
HISTORY
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P RTS of W NKEL ENGINE
The rotor has three convex faces, each of which acts like a piston & each face has a pocket in
is a metal blade that forms a seal to the outside of the combustion chamber. There are also me
the rotor that seal to the sides of the combustion chamber. The rotor has a set of internal gear tewith a gear that is fixed to the housing. The housing is roughly oval in shape (it's actually an ep
the combustion chamber is designed so that the three tips of the rotor will always stay in con
chamber, forming three sealed volumes of gas.
The four sections are: 1. Intake, 2. Compression 3.Combustion 4.Exhaust
The intake and exhaust ports are located in the housing. There are no valves in these ports.
eccentric to the output shaft, the force that the rotor applies to the lobes creates torque in the sha
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PRINCIPLE ND WORKINLike a piston engine, the rotary engine uses the pressure created when
air and fuel is burned. In a piston engine, that pressure is contained in
forces pistons to move back and forth. The connecting rods and crankreciprocating motion of the pistons into rotational motion that can be us
The rotor follows a path that looks like something you'd create with a
path keeps each of the three peaks of the rotor in contact with the housi
separate volumes of gas. As the rotor moves around the chamber, e
volumes of gas alternately expands and contracts. It is the expansion an
draws air and fuel into the engine, compresses it and makes useful poexpand, and then expels the exhaust.
The best way to visualize the action of the engine in the animation at le
the rotor itself, but the cavity created between it and the housing. The
actually a variable-volume progressing-cavity system. Thus there ar
housing, all repeating the same cycle.
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INT KEThe intake phase of the cycle starts when the
tip of the rotor passes the intake port. At themoment when the intake port is exposed to
the chamber, the volume of that chamber is
close to its minimum. As the rotor moves
past the intake port, the volume of the
chamber expands, drawing air/fuel mixtureinto the chamber. When the peak of the rotor
passes the intake port, that chamber is sealed
off and compression begins.
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COMPRESSIONAs the rotor continues motion around
the housing, the volume of the chambergets smaller and the air/fuel mixture
gets compressed. By the time the face
of the rotor has made it around to the
spark plugs, the volume of the chamberis again close to its minimum. This is
when combustion starts.
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COMBUSTIONMost rotary engines have two spark plugs. The
combustion chamber is long, so the flamewould spread too slowly if there were only one
plug. When the spark plugs ignite the air/fuel
mixture, pressure quickly builds, forcing the
rotor to move. The pressure of combustion,
forces the rotor to move in the direction thatmakes the chamber grow in volume. The
combustion gases continue to expand, moving
the rotor and creating power, until the peak of
the rotor passes the exhaust port.
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EXH USTOnce the peak of the rotor passes the exhaust
port, the high-pressure combustion gases arefree to flow out the exhaust. As the rotor
continues to move, the chamber starts to
contract, forcing the remaining exhaust out of
the port. By the time the volume of the
chamber is nearing its minimum, the peak ofthe rotor passes the intake port and the whole
cycle starts again.
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DV NT GES OF W NKEL ENGI Wankel engines gives higher output for similar displacement and p
simple and has fewer moving parts.
The rotor is geared directly to the output shaft, there is no need for c
conventional crankshaft, crankshaft balance weights, etc. Smoother flow of power but also the ability to produce more power by
rpm.
Fuel of very low octane number can be used without pre ignition or kn
Itsgreat safety benefit makes it useful in aircraft.
There is no valve operation.
The engine is constructed with an iron rotor within a housing mawhich has greater thermal expansion. This ensures that even a se
Wankel engine cannot seize. It has smaller frontal area than a
equivalent power.
The simplicity of design and smaller size of the Wankel engine also
in construction costs, compared to piston engines of comparable powe
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DIS DV NT GES OF W NKEL E The fuel-air mixture cannot be pre-stored as there is no intake va
Time available for fuel to be injected into a Wankel engine
shorter. More complicated fuel injection technologies are required.
In terms of fuel economy, Wankel engines are generally less ef
stroke piston engines.
Sealing loss is high.
The compression ratio is lower. This lowers the thermal efficie
fuel economy.
It is difficult to expand the engine to more than two rotors.
There can be more carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbo
exhaust stream.
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PPLIC TIONS OF W NKEL Used in aircraft.
Racing car.
system of some Mercedes-Benz.
For mini, micro, and micro-mini engine
designs.
The most exotic use of the Wankel
design is in the seat belt pre-tensioner
Go-karts, personal water craft and
auxiliary power units for aircraft.
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THANK YOU