7/26/2019 169467420-Ch06-Logic6e-Solutions (1) http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/169467420-ch06-logic6e-solutions-1 1/56 Programming Logic and Design, 6e Solutions 6- Programming Logic and Design, 6th Edition Chapter 6 Exercises 1. a. Design the logic for a program that allows a user to enter 10 numbers, then displays them in the reerse order of their entry. Answer: ! sample solution follows Flowchart: Pseudocode: start Declarations num index num SIZE = 10 num numbers[SIZE] = 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 getReady( 1
out'ut Do you !ant to enter more numbers5 (26$)in'ut more$umbers
return
%inis"&'(out'ut +"e numbers in reerse order are- )!"ile index . 0
index = index / 1out'ut numbers[index]
end!"ilereturn
#. a. Design the logic for a program that allows a user to enter 10 numbers, thendisplays each and its difference from the numeric aerage of the numbers.
getReady(!"ile index # SIZE 3$D more$umbers = $+I$&E
get$umbers(end!"ile%inis"&'(
sto'
getReady(index = 0sum = 0out'ut Do you !ant to enter a number5 (26$)in'ut more$umbers
return
get$umbers(out'ut Enter a number %or 'osition ), indexin'ut numbers[index]sum = sum * numbers[index]
index = index * 1out'ut Do you !ant to enter more numbers5 (26$)in'ut more$umbers
return
%inis"&'(actualSi7e = indexi% actualSi7e . 0 t"en
ag = sum6actualSi7eindex = 0!"ile index # actualSi7e
out'ut numbers[index], ag / numbers[index]index = index * 1
end!"ileendi%
return
$. a. )he city of *ary is holding a special census. )he city has collected data oncards that each hold the oting district and age of a citi+en. )he districts are numbered1 through ##, and residents ages range from 0 through 10(. Design a program thatallows a cler to go through the cards, entering the district for each citi+en until anappropriate sentinel alue is entered. )he output is a list of all ## districts and thenumber of residents in each.
out'ut Enter a district number or ), :&I+, to 4uit)in'ut district
return
%inis"&'(district = 0!"ile district # DIS8SIZE
out'ut district*1, districtnt[district]district = district * 1
end!"ilereturn
b. "odify &'ercise $a so the cler enters both the district and age on each card.Produce a count of the number of residents in each of the ## districts and a count ofresidents in each of the following age groups under 1/, 1/ through $0, $1 through%(, %6 through 6%, and 6( and older.
%. a. )he "idille Par District maintains fie soccer teams, as shown in the table.Design a program that accepts a players team number and displays the players teamname.
out'ut Inalid team number)endi%out'ut Enter t"e 'layers team number or ), :&I+, to 4uit)in'ut team$um
return
%inis"&'(out'ut End o% 'rogram)
return
b. "odify the "idille Par District program so that after the last player has beenentered, the program displays a count of the number of players registered for each.
(. a. 2atson &lementary School contains $0 classrooms numbered 1 through $0.&ach classroom can contain any number of students up to $(. &ach student taes anachieement test at the end of the school year and receies a score from 0 through100. 2rite a program that accepts data for each student in the school3student 4D,classroom number, and score on the achieement test. Design a program that lists the
total points scored for each of the $0 classrooms.
Design the logic for an application allows a user to enter an order item continuouslyuntil a sentinel alue is entered. !fter each item, display its price or the message
out'ut ERRR8<S>endi%out'ut Enter an item or ), :&I+, to com'lete your order)in'ut itemrdered
return
%inis"&'(out'ut 2our order total is- J), total
return
. Design the application logic for a company that wants a report containing a breadown of payroll by department. 4nput includes each employees departmentnumber, hourly salary, and number of hours wored. )he output is a list of the seendepartments in the company and the total gross payroll :rate times hours; for eachdepartment. )he department names are shown in the accompanying table.
/. Design a program that computes pay for employees. !llow a user to continuouslyinput employees names until an appropriate sentinel alue is entered. !lso input eachemployees hourly wage and hours wored. *ompute each employees gross pay:hours times rate;, withholding ta' percentage :based on the accompanying table;,withholding ta' amount, and net pay :gross pay minus withholding ta';. Display allthe results for each employee. !fter the last employee has been entered, display thesum of all the hours wored, the total gross payroll, the total withholding for allemployees, and the total net payroll.
"ee#l %ross Pa "ithholding Percent (&)0H00 / 900H00 10
getReady(out'ut Enter an em'loyee name or ), :&I+, to 4uit)in'ut em'$ame
return
detailoo'(out'ut Enter ), em'$ame, s "ourly !age and "ours !orLed)in'ut salary, "oursKorLedgrossay = "rsKorLed N salarytotalOrsKorLed = totalOrsKorLed * "rsKorLedtotal>rossay = total>rossay * grossayx = SIZE / 1!"ile grossay # KI+O8R3$>E[x]
x = x / 1end!"ile!it"+ax = grossay N KI+O8R3+E[x]totalKit"+ax = totalKit"+ax * !it"+axnetay = grossay / !it"+axtotal$etay = total$etay * netayout'ut em'$ame, grossay, KI+O8R3+E[x] N 100, !it"+ax, netayout'ut Enter an em'loyee name or ), :&I+, to 4uit)in'ut em'$ame
. )he Perfect Party *atering *ompany hosts eents for clients. *reate anapplication that accepts an eent number, the eent hosts last name, and numericmonth, day, and year alues representing the eent date. )he application should alsoaccept the number of guests that will attend the eent and a numeric meal code thatrepresents the entr<e the eent hosts will sere. !s each clients data is entered, erify
that the month, day, year, and meal code are alid= if any of these is not alid,continue to prompt the user until it is. )he alid meal codes are shown in theaccompanying table.
Code Entr'e Price per Person ($)
1 >oast beef #%.(0
# Salmon 1.00
$ Linguine 16.(0
% *hicen 1/.00
Design the logic for an application that outputs each eent number, host name,alidated date, meal code, entr<e name, number of guests, gross total price for the party, and price for the party after discount. )he gross total price for the party is themeal price per guest times the number of guests. )he final price includes a discount based on the accompanying table.
i% day = A1 3$D (mont" = B R mont" = C R mont" = G Rmont" = 11 t"eninalidDate = 1
elsei% day . 9@ 3$D mont" = 9 t"en
inalidDate = 1endi%
endi%endi%
return
%inis"&'(out'ut End o% 'rogram)
return
10. a. Daily Life Magazine wants an analysis of the demographic characteristics ofits readers. )he "areting department has collected reader surey recordscontaining the age, gender, marital status, and annual income of readers. Design anapplication that accepts reader data and, when data entry is complete, produces acount of readers by age groups as follows under #0, #0?#, $0?$, %0?%, and (0and older.
num 3>E8R3$>E[SIZE] = 0, 90, A0, B0, ?0string 3>E8>R&S[SIZE] = under 90), 90 t"roug" 9G),
A0 t"roug" AG), B0 t"roug" BG),?0 and older)
getReady(!"ile not eo%
detailoo'(end!"ile%inis"&'(
sto'
getReady(out'ut Enter t"e age, gender, marital status, and income o% a
reader)in'ut age, gender, maritalStatus, income
return
detailoo'(x = SIZE / 1!"ile age # 3>E8R3$>E[x]
x = x / 1end!"ileagent[x] = agent[x] * 1out'ut Enter t"e age, gender, marital status, and income o% a
reader)in'ut age, gender, maritalStatus, income
return
%inis"&'(x = 0!"ile x # SIZE
out'ut 3>E8>R&S[x], agent[x]x = x * 1
end!"ilereturn
b. "odify the Daily Life Magazine program so that it produces a count of readers bygender within age group3that is, under #0 females, under #0 males, and so on.
getReady(out'ut Enter t"e age, gender, marital status, and income o% a
reader)in'ut age, gender, maritalStatus, income
return
detailoo'(
x = SIZE / 1!"ile age # 3>E8R3$>E[x]
x = x / 1end!"ilei% gender = male) t"en
malent[x] = malent[x] * 1else
%emalent[x] = %emalent[x] * 1endi%out'ut Enter t"e age, gender, marital status, and income o% a
reader)in'ut age, gender, maritalStatus, income
return
%inis"&'(x = 0!"ile x # SIZE
out'ut 3>E8>R&S[x], malent[x], %emalent[x]x = x * 1
end!"ilereturn
c. "odify the Daily Life Magazine program so that is produces a count of readers byannual income groups as follows under @$0,000, @$0,000?@%,, (0,000?@6,,and @0,000 and up.
string I$<E8>R&S[SIZE] = under JA0,000), JA0,000;JBG,GGG), J?0,000;
JCG,GGG),JM0,000 and u')
getReady(!"ile not eo%
detailoo'(end!"ile%inis"&'(
sto'
getReady(out'ut Enter t"e age, gender, marital status, and income o% a
reader)in'ut age, gender, maritalStatus, income
return
detailoo'(x = SIZE / 1!"ile age # I$<E8R3$>E[x]
x = x / 1end!"ileincoment[x] = incoment[x] * 1out'ut Enter t"e age, gender, marital status, and income o% a
reader)in'ut age, gender, maritalStatus, income
return
%inis"&'(x = 0!"ile x # SIZE
out'ut I$<E8>R&S[x], incoment[x]x = x * 1
end!"ilereturn
11. len >oss Aacation Property Sales employs seen salespeople, as shown in theaccompanying table.
D um!er *alesperson ame
10$ Darwin
10% Brat+
#01 Shulstad
$1 7ortune
$6 2icert
$// "iller
%$( Aic
2hen a salesperson maes a sale, a record is created including the date, time, anddollar amount of the sale. )he time is e'pressed in hours and minutes, based on a #%-hour cloc. )he sale amount is e'pressed in whole dollars. Salespeople earn acommission that differs for each sale, based on the rate schedule in the accompanyingtable.
c. ! list of total sales as well as total commissions earned by all salespeople for eachof the following time frames, based on hour of the day 00?0(, 06?1#, 1$?1/, and1?#$
Answer: ! sample solution follows
Flowchart: )he flowchart will be similar to those shown in parts a and b.
Pseudocode:
startDeclarations
num "ours, minutesnum mont", day, yearnum sale3mtnum id$um
time = time / 1end!"iletotalSales[time] = totalSales[time] * sale3mtx = SSIZE / 1!"ile sale3mt # S3E83<+[x]
x = x / 1end!"iletotalomm[time] = totalomm[time] * (<<8R3+E[x]Nsale3mt
endi%out'ut Enter t"e sales'erson ID number)in'ut id$um
return
%inis"&'(
x = 0!"ile x # +SIZE
out'ut +I<E[x], totalSales[x], totalomm[x]x = x * 1
end!"ilereturn
Find the -ugs
1#. our student dis contains files named D&5E06-01.t't, D&5E06-0#.t't, andD&5E06-0$.t't. &ach file starts with some comments that describe the problem.
*omments are lines that begin with two slashes :FF;. 7ollowing the comments, eachfile contains pseudocode that has one or more bugs you must find and correct.
Answer
Please see the D&5E06-01.t't, D&5E06-0#.t't, and D&5E06-0$.t't solutionfiles.
%ame .one
1$. *reate the logic for a "agic / 5all game in which the user enters a Guestion suchas 82hat does my future holdH9 )he computer randomly selects one of eight possibleague answers, such as 84t remains to be seen.9
num indexstring user:uestionstring :&I+ = 7777)string 3$SKERS[I<I+] =
3s I see it, yes),It is certain),Signs 'oint to yes),It remains to be seen),Re'ly "a7y, try again),utlooL not so good),annot 'redict no!),<y sources say no)
getReady(!"ile user:uestion #. :&I+
detailoo'(end!"ile%inis"&'(
sto'
getReady(
out'ut Enter a 4uestion or ), :&I+, to 4uit)in'ut user:uestion
return
detailoo'(index = random(I<I+out'ut 3$SKERS[index]out'ut Enter a 4uestion or ), :&I+, to 4uit)in'ut user:uestion
return
%inis"&'(out'ut End o% 'rogram)
return
1%. *reate the logic for an application that contains an array of 10 multiple-choiceGuestions related to your faorite hobby. &ach Guestion contains three answerchoices. !lso create a parallel array that holds the correct answer to each Guestion3 !, 5, or *. Display each Guestion and erify that the user enters only !, 5, or * asthe answer3if not, eep prompting the user until a alid response is entered. 4f theuser responds to a Guestion correctly, display 8*orrectI9= otherwise, display 8)hecorrect answer is9 and the letter of the correct answer. !fter the user answers all theGuestions, display the number of correct and incorrect answers.
Answer:
! sample solution follows
Pseudocode :Please note, for breity this solution contains only fie Guestions.Students should proide 10 Guestions.;:
K"at is t"e closest star to Eart"5),K"at is t"e name o% Eart"s moon5),Oo! many miles (in trillions are in a lig"t year5),Oo! many moons does luto "ae5),K"at 'lanet is t"e biggest5)
string OIES[SIZE] =3H Sco''er, TH Di''er, H Sun),3H una, TH Euro'a, H Sol),3H C, TH GA, H 10),3H C, TH 9, H A),3H Saturn, TH u'iter, H Eart")
1(. a. *reate the logic for a dice game. )he application randomly 8throws9 fie dicefor the computer and fie dice for the player. !s each random throw, store it in anarray. )he application displays all the alues, which can be from 1 to 6 inclusie foreach die. Decide the winner based on the following hierarchy of die alues. !nyhigher combination beats a lower one= for e'ample, fie of a ind beats four of a ind.
• 7ie of a ind
• 7our of a ind
• )hree of a ind
• ! pair
7or this game, the numeric dice alues do not count. 7or e'ample, if both playershae three of a ind, its a tie, no matter what the alues of the three dice are.!dditionally, the game does not recogni+e a full house :three of a ind plus two of aind;. 7igure 6-1 shows how the game might be played in a command-lineenironment.
16. Design the logic for the game Jangman, in which the user guesses letters in ahidden word. Store the letters of a word in an array of characters. Display a dash foreach missing letter. !llow the user to continuously guess a letter until all the letters inthe word are correctly guessed. !s the user enters each guess, display the word again,
filling in the guess if it was correct. 7or e'ample, if the hidden word is 8computer9,first display 8--------9. !fter the user guesses 8p9, the display becomes 8---p----9."ae sure that when a user maes a correct guess, all the matching letters are filledin. 7or e'ample, if the word is 8banana9 then when the user guesses 8a9, all three 8a9characters are filled in.
end!"ileout'ut "iddenKordi% numorrect not e4ual to E$>+O
out'ut lease guess a letter)in'ut guess
endi%return
%inis"&'(out'ut 2ou guessed t"e !ordU)
out'ut "iddenKordreturn
1. *reate two parallel arrays that represent a standard dec of (# playing cards. Knearray is numeric and holds the alues 1 through 1$ :representing !ce, # through 10,Cac, ueen, and Bing;. )he other array is a string array and holds suits :8*lubs9,8Diamonds9, 8Jearts9, and 8Spades9;. *reate the arrays so that all (# cards arerepresented. *reate a 2ar card game that randomly selects two cards :one for the player and one for the computer; and declares a winner :or a tie; based on thenumeric alue of the two cards. )he game should play for #6 rounds of 2ar, dealinga full dec with no repeated cards. 7or this game, assume the lowest card is the !ce.Display the alues of the players and computers cards, compare their alues, anddetermine the winner. 2hen all the cards in the dec are e'hausted, display a count ofthe number of times the player wins, the number of times the computer wins, and thenumber of ties.
Jere are some hints
• Start by creating an array of all (# playing cards.
• Select a random number for the dec position of the players first card and assign
the card at that array position to the player.
•
"oe eery higher-positioned card in the dec 8down9 one to fill in the gap. 4nother words, if the players first random number is %, select the card at position% :both the numeric alue and the string;, moe the card that was in position (0to position %, and moe the card that was in position (1 to position (0. Knly (1cards remain in the dec after the players first card is dealt, so the aailable cardarray is smaller by one.
• 4n the same way, randomly select a card for the computer and 8remoe9 the card
• loan amortization schedule• company salary schedule
• instructor’s grading scale
• shipping charges based on distance
• sliding fees for a service based on income
1. &ery element in an array always has the same data type. 2hy is this necessaryH
Answer
Every element in an array has the same data type which forcesevery element in an array to be the same size in bytes. Therefore, itbecomes possible to use a subscript to evenly measure anelements distance from the start of an array. !or example, if youuse a data type that occupies exactly four bytes of memory thenthe array element at subscript " is " bytes away from the beginningof the array, the element at subscript # is $ bytes away, theelement at subscript % is & bytes away, and so on.
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