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Network Desi n and Consultin

Planning & Optimisationof

Frequency Hopping

in

GSM Networks

Authors:

U. Rehfuess, ICM N MR

Dr. K. Dietrich, ICM N MR

A. Volke, ICM N MR

B. Kronmueller, ICM N ST

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Outline

l!nnin" # $%timis!tion of &re'uenc( )o%%in" in *SM Net+orks

Im%lement!tion As%ects

&re'uenc( Assi"nment in &) Net+orksBSS D!t!-!se !r!meters

$%timis!tion As%ects

Summ!r(

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Implementation Aspects


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Frame N 0Frame N 1Frame N 2Frame N 3

Baseband FH

RF1

RF2

RF3

RF4

BB1

BB2

BB3

BB4

LogicalChannel

1

2

3

4

Synthesier FH

! "obiles #se Synthesier Ho$$ing only! BS im$lementation% $o&er do&n' synthesier re(

t#ning and $o&er #$ again &ithin g#ard $eriod2 Synthesiers are im$lemented

RF1))n

RF1))n

RF1))n

BB1

BB2

BB3

BB4

RF1))n

LogicalChannel

1

2

3

4


Ke( Differences Bet+een B!se-!n !n S(nthesi/er &)

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Baseband FH Synthesier FH


Com-inin" 0'ui%ment in B!se-!n !n S(nthesi/er &)

RF1

RF2

RF3

RF4

BB1

BB2

BB3

BB4

1

2

3

4FilterCombining

TX Antenna

RF1))n

RF1))n

RF1))n

BB1

BB2

BB3

BB4

RF1))n

1

2

3

4HybridCom

bing

TX Antenna

Narrow Band Low insertion loss (3! dB"

#ide band Hig$er insertion losses (%3 dB&stage" 'nair combining possible ()C'*"

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Com-iner, 1ink Bu"et of S(nthesi/e &re'uenc( )o%%in"

Power Output Power

Amplifier WA 23 4

56 4

)A 76 4

Combiner Attenuation

Type dB

DUC$M 2:8 2.3

DUC$M 5:8 3.9

)C$M 8:8 2.6

)C$M 2:8 ;.9

)C$M 5:8 7.3

&IC$M 2:8 2.5

&IC$M 5:8 ;.6

&IC$M 7:8 ;.;

DUCIT 2.66

etermine con+ig,ration and

$ardware stat,s be+ore -FH

implementation

etermine necessary ,pgrades

(T.)/ .A/ Combiner" Act,ali0e and c$ec1

Lin1 b,dgets

Introd,ce +,rt$er H.A w$ere

necessary

*a2 n,mber o+ T4Xs per cell

depends on $ardware

con+ig,ration

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B&) S&)

TU ?

TU 2 ? ?

A ? ? ?@

)A ? ?

5 not all types o+ +irst generation power ampli+iers are s,itable +or +or -FH


TU, A for S(nthesi/e &re'uenc( )o%%in"

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Software Release: BR 3.7 or higher

Cell Synchronization: u to !"!"! BS #$"!$

u to %"%"% BS !&$

No. of 'oing (re)uencies:

*a$. +# er cell ,B(' incl. BCC'-

*a$. + er cell ,S(' w"o BCC'-

*a$. #& er cell with BR #./

BS++: S(' only ,BR &./-


)!r+!re !n Soft+!re for S(nthesi/e &re'uenc( )o%%in"

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B!se-!n ho%%in" N!rro+-!n R&com-inin" sufficient

BCC) TR? e=ce%t for TS6 m!( ho%

S(nthesi/er ho%%in" 4ie-!n R& com-inin" re'uire

$ne TR? %er ho%%in" fre'uenc( re'uire

No. of R& No. of TR?

No. of R& No. of TR? BCC) TR? must not ho%

More ho%%in" fre'uencies th!n TR?s fe!si-le


Ke( Differences Bet+een B!se-!n !n S(nthesi/er &)

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)!r+!re Re'uirements: Re%e!ter

4ie-!n Re%e!ters:

)sable +or -FH and BFH Care+,l implementation (ampli+ication o+ signals

in t$e w$ole +re6,ency band"

Ch!nnel selectie Re%e!ters:

)sable +or BFH N,mber o+ +re6,encies is limited

)s,ally not ,sable in tig$t re,se scenarios

s

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Frequency Assignment

in Hopping Networks


s

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Fre6,ency .lanning

rocess &re'uenc( Assi"nment

Split of Band

BCCH - TCH

Dedicated

Common

Multiple Reuse

Planning of Boundaries

Hopping Non Hopping

Available Spectrum

for Hopping

Frequenc

assignment !it"

fi#ed reuse sc"emes

Reuse $#%

Reuse 8=8 ot"er

Tools

&nterference Ta'le Separation Settings

Tool optimi(ed

frequenc

assignment

M)&* and HSN

Planning

Cclic Hopping

Random Hopping

Data0ase

1eneration

Planning of )nc"orFrequencies in SFH

1uideline for R(2lanners

(ocus on S(' lanning andhoing C' 2 carriers

BCC' 2 carrier assign*ent:lanning with tool is always

reco**ended

4lanning *ust 0e ad5usted toeach indi6idual network

s

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Fre6,ency .lanning

Common B!n Deic!te B!n Multi%le ReUse !tterns

7 $opping +re6,encies

.C on/ TX on

89

89:;F?@:

edicated Band

1* BCCH carriers 2+ ,CH carriersCommon Band

78>:

Common Bandtotal o$erator band&idth +)- "H . 43 carriers

43 carriers /or both BCCH and ,CH

*4.7!3:

1* BCCH carriers 12 ,CH ,CH ,CHcarriers

*,ltiple 4e,se .atterns (*4."

Ac$ieable -ystem Load

s

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Fi2ed re,se sc$eme to all

$opping cells

possible re,ses

3&8/ =&/ ?&3/ ?&?

Tool s,pported +re6,ency

assignment based on inter+erencematri2 considering FH gains

Fre6,ency .lanning

&re'uenc( "rou%s Tool su%%orte %l!nnin"

TCH 1 TCH 3

TCH 2

TCH 1 TCH 3

TCH 2

TCH 1 TCH 3

TCH 2

TCH 1 TCH 3

TCH 2

s

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Fre6,ency .lanning

l!nnin" of BCC)

BCCH 3 BCCH 2

BCCH 1

BCCH 9 BCCH 8

BCCH 7

BCCH 6 BCCH 5

BCCH

BCCH 13 BCCH 11

BCCH 1!

BCCHe+g+ , # $ Reuse

Reli!-ilit(

Neig$bor *eas,rements

B-IC ecoding

BCCH Fre6,ency actie at all

timeslots in t$e downlin1

D no interference averaging

s

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Cluster $.%

Channel

+ & 7 +/ ...

! % ++ ...

3 # ; +! ...

?@ 2assign*ent and identical 'SNassign*ent to sectors you can a6oidad5acent2channel interference 0etweenthe sectors within one site

Fre6,ency .lanning

0=!m%les for fre'uenc( "rou%s EIF

Co2channel interference is a6oided 0ythe fre)uency grous

M)&* RA+ RA! RA3 ...

Sector + / ! & ...

Sector ! + 3 ...

Sector 3 / ! & ...

=in R( # +! +%

TCH C TCH B

TCH A

TCH C TCH B

TCH A

TCH C TCH B

TCH A

TCH C TCH B

TCH A

TCH C TCH B

TCH A

TCH C TCH B

TCH A

TC) A

TC) B

TC) C

s

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Fre6,ency .lanning

0=!m%les for fre'uenc( "rou%s EIIF

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Cluster $.$

>ll sectors sa*e fre)uency grou

?dentical 'SN to sectors of one site

=>?@ assign*ent to a6oid co2 and ad5acent channel interference

Fre6,ency .lanning

0=!m%les for fre'uenc( "rou%s EIIIF

M)&* RA+ RA! RA3 RA& ...

Sector + / # +! +% ...

Sector ! ! % +& !/ ...

Sector 3 & +/ +# !! ...

=in R( # +! +% !&

s

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Fre6,ency .lanning

0=!m%les for fre'uenc( "rou%sEIVF

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Fre6,ency .lanning

)o%%in" Se'uence *ener!tion EIF

MAI E&N G MAI$F moulo N i+ H-N G 9 (cyclic $opping"

1S= /./!.

*AI *obile Allocation Inde2 (integer ?N?"

FN T*A Frame N,mber (9 =57?5=9!@? G = >?7 !>"

*AI' *obile Allocation Inde2 '++set (9 N ?"

N N,mber o+ allocated +re6,encies

For e2ample (*AI'G9"

*A G ?/!/>/?9/?3/?/?8/=?/=!/=>/39/33/3/38/!?

set o+ A4FCN n,mbers to be

,sed in t$e $opping se6,ence

N+

? b,rst FN G 9 *AI G (9 9" mod ?7 G 9 A4FCN G ?= b,rst FN G ? *AI G (? 9" mod ?7 G ? A4FCN G !

?! b,rst FN G ?! *AI G (?! 9" mod ?7 G ?! A4FCN G !??7 b,rst FN G ?7 *AI G (?7 9" mod ?7 G 9 A4FCN G ?? b,rst FN G ? *AI G (? 9" mod ?7 G ? A4FCN G !

etc

s

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Fre6,ency .lanning

)o%%in" Se'uence *ener!tion EIIF

MAI ES G MAI$F moulo N i+ H-N 9 (random $opping"

+ith:

S MH if MH N

S EMH G THF moulo N else

* G * mod,lo J=KInteger(log=(N"?"

T G T3 mod,lo J=KInteger(log=(N"?"

* G T= 4NTABL

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Fre6,ency .lanning

0=!m%le for MAI$ M!n!"ement EIIF

Frequenc group $#$ reuse . Random Hopping /$4 4 $14 54 + + + 3

$ % , 0 7 $8$5$7$0$,$%$$$685 $1

):oid Co - c"annel collision;

min < RF 9 num'er of "opping TR= ,e$a*le ; fre)uencies-

):oid )d>acent - c"annel collision;

onl odd or e:en RF num'ers on air at same time

Minimum total num'er of frequencies for "opping sstem !it"M)&* - Management 9 ? num'er of "opping TR= of site,+% fre)uencies in e$a*le-

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

TR?;

BCCH

M)&* 9

M)&* 9 8

M)&* 9 $,

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

BCCH

M)&* 9 ,

M)&* 9 $1

M)&* 9 $7 TR?;

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

TR?;

BCCH

M)&* 9 1

M)&* 9 7

M)&* 9 $

s

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Fre6,ency .lanning

0=!m%les for fre'uenc( "rou%s !n MAI$ Assi"nment

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

)SN 8

)SN 2

)SN ;

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

TR?;

fB

f B

f B

f B

f B

f B

f B

f C

f C

f C

f C

f C

f C

f C TR?;

TR?6

TR?8

TR?2

TR?;

BCCH

BCCHBCCH

BCCH

BCCHBCCH

BCCH BCCH

BCCH

M)&* 9 1

M)&* 9 $M)&* 9 1

M)&* 9 1

M)&* 9 $M)&* 9 1

M)&* 9 1 M)&* 9 $

M)&* 9 1

M)&* 9

M)&* 9 %M)&* 9

M)&* 9

M)&* 9 %M)&* 9

M)&* 9 M)&* 9 %

M)&* 9

f )

f )

f )

f )

f )

f )

f )

M)&* 9 0M)&* 9 ,

M)&* 9 ,

Frequenc group;

); $ , 5 $1 $% $7

B; 0 8 $$ $, $5

C; % 7 6 $ $0 $8

s

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Fre6,ency .lanning Tools

The Autom!tic &re'uenc( l!nnin" rocess

Inp,t data+rom radio networ1

planning tool

A,tomati0ed.lanning 4o,tines

Mariety o+

.lanning Algorit$ms

-etting o+ planning

constraintsCommon & edicated

Band .lanning

Elobal & Local

.arameter -ettings

Fre6,ency Assignment

LiAeN

etwor1

(ata

*inimisation

o+

inter+erence

Consideration o+

FH/ .C/ TX

6aluation

of the assign*entsC"? and (R lotsC"? and (R analysis

on er carrier 0asis

6aluation

of the assign*entsC"? and (R lots

C"? and (R analysis

on er carrier 0asis

s

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The SI0M0NS A!nce Autom!tic &re'uenc( l!nnin" Tool

cient algorithms /or di5erent o$timiation targets%

"inimiing global inter/erence

"inimiing &orst inter/ering cell relations

)))

Feat#res /or ad6anced net&or7 $lanning strategies

Fre8#ency ho$$ing

9o&er Control

:iscontin#o#s transmission

;ra$hical e6al#ation o/ /re8#ency assignments based on

Cery good res#lts in #ro$ean research $rogram C?S, 2* benchmar7sin 8#ality o/ res#lt at short e@ec#tion times Aty$ically seconds to min#tes

High $er/ormance $ro6ed in li6e net&or7s &ith di5erent c#stomers

s

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Consier!tion of R!io 1ink Control $%tions

>uto*atic consideration of hoing gains and

interference reduction due to 4C and DA on cell 0asis

during

interference *atri$ calculation oti*u* assign*ent of fre)uencies 0y using highly

efficient oti*isation algorith*s

1rahical e6aluation of the assign*ent results 0ased

on (R

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Re'uire CJI in &)*SM ETU;F, C(clic )o%%in"

FH Eains as determined ia

4eal Networ1 -im,lations

-$i+t 7.3 B8;.3 B

Eain u% to 9 B

NH

= C$

3 C$

! C$

7 C$

@ C$

79:

s

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&re'uenc( Reuse # CJI !lues ENon )o%%in"F

4e6,ired no o+ +re6,enciesCl,ster si0e & 4e,se distance 6 G

-4T(35N"

C&I r,le o+ t$,mp C&I abs?/7 5 N=

N An/!hl f ' CJI BL

2 7 2,53 9,9 ;,66 88,;6

5 82 ;,57 8;,

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Re'uire CJI in &)*SM for ifferent enironments

T(%ic!l fre'uenc( ho%%in" "!inT$e +ollowing table s$ows t$e typical gain +rom +re6,ency

$opping in a E-* 899 networ1 (e2ample o+ t$e signaltonoise

ratio re6,ired to obtain 9=: resid,al B7 @

= +re6,ency ?99 7 >

! +re6,ency @=7 9

@ +re6,ency >7 9 ? +re6,ency >7 9

-o,rce -I

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An!l(ses of &0R

1rahical (R analysis of an S(' network

$#% reuse4 14% fractional load $#% reuse4 147 fractional load

E +8

E ! 8

E 3 8

3 8

(R in 8

E +8

E ! 8

E 3 8

3 8

(R in 8

s

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0=!m%le for Toolsu%%orte l!nne Reuse EIF

;

;;

5

55;

22

;

5;

;

;;

5

22

5

55

5

55;

;;

2

55

2

55

Networ1

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0=!m%le for Toolsu%%orte l!nne Reuse EIIF

*ien S%ectrum: 52 ch!nnels 82 fre'uencies for BCC) TR?

;6 fre'uencies for TC) TR? Eho%%in"F

4e,se o+ ! 39&! G >7 +re6,encies per cell in aerage

7 39&7 G +re6,encies per cell in aerage

39& G 7 +re6,encies per cell in aerage> 39&> G != +re6,encies per cell in aerage

Networ1

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0=!m%le for Toolsu%%orte l!nne Reuse EIIIF

.lanning 4,le (e2ample"? Hopping T4X3 +re6,encies

= Hopping T4X! +re6,encies

3 Hopping T4X +re6,encies

No o+

assigned

+re6,encies

+or FH

&re'uenc( Reuse &!ctor:

837 J ;; 5.9 fre'u. J cell in !er!"e

;6 fre'u. J 5.9 fre'u. %er cell 7.;

5J7

5J77J5

;J5

;J55J;

2J ;

5J77J5

No o+ T4X

Networ1

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0=!m%le for Toolsu%%orte l!nne Reuse EIVF

-eparations +or $opping TCH

Intra cell separation 3Intra site separation ?

Neig$bo,r separation ?

Inter+erence *atri2 +or $opping TCH

coc$annel C&I c,re > dB (79: probability"adacent c$annel C&I c,re dB (79: probability"

*AI' and H-NH-N G 9 +or all cells (cyclic $opping"

*AI' G 9 +or T4X? (T4X9 G BCCH"*AI' G ? +or T4X=*AI' G = +or T4X3 etc

sF A i

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0=!m%le for Toolsu%%orte l!nne Reuse EIVF

etc....

$a*le for a site list:

Site I Sector TR? BCC) f8 f2 f; f5 f3 f7 MAI$ )SN999? ? 9 =

? ? ?8 3 !? 9 9

= 9 !

= ? ?3 ?@ =? =7 39 != 9 9

= = ?3 ?@ =? =7 39 != ? 9

= 3 ?3 ?@ =? =7 39 != = 93 9 8

3 ? ?7 =3 => 3= 9 9

3 = ?7 =3 => 3= ? 9

999= ? 9 ?=

? ? == = 3! !9 9 9

? = == = 3! !9 ? 9= 9 @

= ? ? ?8 =@ 9 9

sF .l i

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Fre6,ency .lanning

Str!te"ies C(clic )o%%in" R!nom )o%%in"

C(clic ho%%in" se'uence ... f5, f6, f8, f2, f;, f5, f6, f8, f2, f; ..., MAI$ 6

C(clic ho%%in" se'uence ... f8, f2, f;, f5, f6, f8, f2, f;, f5, f3 ..., MAI$ 2

F

re

6

,

e

n

c

yT*A +rame

f/

f+

f!

f3

f&

4rincile of Cyclic 'oing

@ti*u* fre)uency Di6ersitySufficient ?nterference di6ersity0y a6oiding fre)uency grous

No ?nterference di6ersity using

fre)uency grous

R!nom ho%%in" se'uence ... f8, f5, f2, f6, f6, f;, f6, f8, f2, f5, ..., MAI$ 6

R!nom ho%%in" se'uence ... f;, f8, f5, f2, f2, f8, f2, f;, f5, f8, ..., MAI$ 2

F

re

6

,

e

n

c

yT*A +rame

f/

f+

f!

f3

f&

4rincile of Rando* 'oing

@ti*u* interference di6ersityFess fre)uency di6ersity

sF .l i

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Fre6,ency .lanning

l!nnin" of Anchor &re'uencies

@ac" TR= must 'e assigned !it" a fi#ed frequenc !"ic"

'elongs to t"e "opping frequenc group of t"is TR=

&n case of disa'ling FH t"e TR= transmit t"e anc"or frequenc

Tool Supported Planning of anc"or frequencies

- 0 - 8 - $$ - $, - $5

@#ample Frequenc group $#% reuse;

); $ , 5 $1 $% $7

B; 0 8 $$ $, $5

C; % 7 6 $ $0 $8

TR?6

TR?8

BCCH

TR=FR@A 9 $8% - 7 - 6 - $ - $0 - $8

TR?6TR?8

TR?2

TR?;

BCCH

TR=FR@A 95

TR=FR@A 9$%

TR=FR@A 9 ,

M*B)*C 9 $- , -5-$1 - $% - $7M*B)*C 9 $ - , - 5 - $1 - $% - $7M*B)*C 9 $ - , -5 - $1 - $% - $7

TR?6TR?8

BCCH

TR=FR@A 9

+++

+++

+++

+++

s

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SS ! "ata#ase Parameters

for $a%io ontrol Features


satabase .arameters

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S%ecific!tionN!me

$-OectJ!ck!"e

DB N!me R!n"e Me!nin"

CA BT-&.OEBT-B

CALL 9?9=3PP9?9=3

Cell Allocationlist o+ all +re6,encies ,sed in t$is cell e2cept t$eBCCH+re6,ency

H'..Q*'< BT-&.OEBT-'

H'.*'< BBH'.-RNH'.

Flag indicates w$et$er baseband or synt$esi0er$opping is ,sed

FHQ-R-QN)*B6Q

S&) 8=8 5.;>Q 8.6Q

S&) 8=; 5.56Q 8.65Q 8.32Q

Dro%%e C!ll R!te TC) Dro% R!te C!ll Dro% R!te BS

p p

erform!nce Me!surements: Pu!lit( Inic!tors

Co*arison of Dro Rates: Non 'oing 2 S(' +$3 2 S'( +$+

5 Q Im%roement

85 Q Im%roement

8< Q Im%roement

s'ptimisation Aspects S1/SFH 1x3 SFH 1x3

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6.6Q

26.6Q

56.6Q

76.6Q

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s'ptimisation Aspects S1/SFH 1x3 SFH 1x3

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'ptimisation Aspects

)!noer erform!nce EIIIF

9:

=9:

!9:

9:

@9:

?99:

?=9:

Intra ownlin1 ,ality 7!: =: >!:

Intra )plin1 ,ality !: 3@: =:

No Hopping -? & -FH ?23 -FH ?23

S1/SFH 1x3 SFH 1x3

HAN H'AM)AL 7= @=

4RC: 1$4TPUAU ; 5

RX!"#$D# % &RX#'($D# % 3&

RX!"#$!# % &RX#'($!# % 31

s'ptimisations Aspects

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R!te of ile tr!ffic ch!nnels %er interference -!n

>7.;Q

>Q

>Q

>>.;Q

8.>Q

8.2Q

8.8Q

8.8Q

6.9Q

6.>Q

6.6Q

6.6Q

6.6Q

6.6Q

6.>Q

6.6Q

6.6Q

6.6Q

6.6Q

>5.6Q >3.6Q >7.6Q >9.6Q >>.6Q 866.6Q 868.6Q

Non )o%%in"

B&)

S&)

S&) G C

S&) G C G DT?

Inter+erence Band ? Inter+erence Band = Inter+erence Band 3 Inter+erence Band ! Inter+erence Band 7

Influence of R1C &e!tures on Ile Tr!ffic Ch!nnel Me!surements

Less percentage o+meas,rements in

$ig$er bands

Reuction of

Interference

s'ptimisation Aspects

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?*le*entation of 4C M DA in S(' +$+

)!noer erform!nce Influence of C # DT?

9:

?9:

=9:

39:

!9:

79:

9:

)plin1 ,ality (.er" ?!: =3:

ownlin1 ,ality (.er" =9: ?:

)plin1 -treng$ (.er" @: >:

ownlin1 -trengt$ (.er" >: :

istance (.er" 9: 9:

Better Cell (.er" !8: !>:

irect 4etry (.er" =: ?:

-FH ?2? .C/ TX -FH ?2?

Incre!se of no. of

u%link 'u!lit(

h!noers

Decre!se of no. of

o+nlink 'u!lit(

h!noers

.ower Control was

enabled in ownlin1additionally

Reuction of

Do+nlink Pu!lit( )$


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Influence of Cell S(nchronis!tion

9/99:

9/=9:

9/!9:

9/9:

9/@9:

?/99:

?/=9:

S(nchroni/e cells 8,6< Q

Ch!n"e of )SN 8,69 Q

TC) Dro% R!te S&) Reuse 8=;

8,66 Q

8,6> Q

TC) Dro% R!te S&) Reuse 8=8

Results of Changing 'SN 2 +$3 and +$+ in Reference Cells

Different 'SN within

one site

No Synchronisation

0etween the cells

S(nchroni/!tion

No S(nchr. No S(nchr.

)SN ! )SN !

)SN -


R ti f & i

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-FH ?2? 4ed,ction o+ +re6,encies

9/9:

?/9:

=/9:

3/9:

!/9:

7/9:

.C/ TX -FH ?2? !/>: ?/==:

CarrQ4ed 3Fr -FH ?2? !/: ?/?:

CarrQ4ed Fr -FH ?2? !/: ?/=?:

ropped Call 4ate TCH rop 4ate

Reduction of 3

(re)uencies

Reduction of #

(re)uencies

Reuction of &re'uencies

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Drie Test D!t! &0R 0!lu!tion EIIF

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Drie Test D!t! &0R 0!lu!tion EIIF

Detailed 6aluation of Non 'oing BCC' 6s. 'oing C' :

'oing 1ain can 0e seen in R$Jual2 and (R Distri0ution

R#Aual :alues of Hopping samples are !orse 'ut F@R :alues are 'etter+ Better F@R samples on t"e "opping carriers+

&0R Distri-ution(42LeA D ?9 P 42,al D!"Non )o%%in" BCC) s. )o%%in" TC)

9/9:

?9/9:

=9/9:

39/9:

!9/9:

79/9:

9/9:

9 ! @ ?= ? =9 D =9

&0R KQL

No Hopping BCCH Hopping TCH ?23 Hopping TCH ?2?

R=Pu!l Distri-ution (42LeA D?9 P 42a,l D!"Non )o%%in" BCC) s. )o%%in" TC)

9/9:

?9/9:

=9/9:

39/9:

!9/9:

79/9:

9/9:

>9/9:

7 >

R=Pu!l

No Hopping BCCH Hopping TCH ?23 Hopping TCH?2?


I fl f C t l R 1 R P l Di t i- ti

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Influence of o+er Control on R=1e , R=Pu!l Distri-ution

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sl!nnin" # $%timis!tion of &re'uenc( )o%%in" in *SM Net+orks

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Summary

s-,mmary

S&) l!nnin" # Im%lement!tion for the 0=%!nsion EIF

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S&) l!nnin" # Im%lement!tion for the 0=%!nsion EIF

he 0enefits of (re)uency 'oing ha6e 0een successfully6erified in (ield rials 0y using different i*le*entation

alternati6es ,B(' S(' loose reuse tight reuse-

=easure*ents showed i*ro6e*ents of Juality and Caacity

,reduction of fre)uencies-. Juality (eature

Caacity (eature

Ksing (' in real networks ro6ides *easures to enhance the

reuse ,o6erall reuse including BCC' fre)uencies of 0etter than ;*aintaining seech )uality at the sa*e ti*e-

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s-,mmary

Siemens Reference Net+orks: S(nthesiser &re'uenc( )o%%in"

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Siemens Reference Net+orks: S(nthesiser &re'uenc( )o%%in"

C$ina

Croatia

C0ec$ 4ep

Eermany O,wait

4-A

-yria

Taiwan

T$ailand

)-A

Siemens S&)

Net+orks in Hig" capacit configurations; Network with site configurations u to &"#"&:

&"&"& &""& &"#"&

Cells are significantly loaded with traffic

Call Dro Rate less than ! 8

C' Dro Rate 0etter than !8 ,in selected cases

0etter than +8-

>chie6a0le )uality in the networks deends onco6erage situationa6aila0le sectru*

raffic load and traffic distri0utionho*ogeneity of the network and toograhy

of the landscae

s-,mmary

Aition!l Inform!tion

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Aition!l Inform!tion

-I

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