7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

1/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

History of World Cinema

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

2/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Watching Movies

Attention

Concentration Observation

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

3/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

THE PURPOSE OF MOVIE

to inform to influence

to inspire

to entertain

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

4/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Three Ways to Look at

Film History

Technology

Art Business

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

5/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Inventors

Early film is a

result of

inventors,

not artists.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

6/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Toy Makers

Toy makers used this theory to create

hand held machines that were the basis of

film development.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

7/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Zoetrope

Circular drum

with slits.

allows moments

of darkness. creates illusion

of movement.

1834 by William

Horner.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

8/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Experimentation

Was going on inmany countries

at the same time.

France,Germany,

England, and the

U.S. all claim to

have inventedthe movies.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

9/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

PhotographyHad to have photography

before motion pictures

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

10/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Important Dates

1816 - Nicephore

Niepce made first

photographic images.

1839 - Louis Daguerre

created clear, sharpimages on silver

copperplate.

Required 15

minutes exposuretime.

1841 - Only 3 minutes

needed for exposure.Daguerre Self-portrait

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

11/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Eadweard J. Muybridge (9 April

1830 8 May 1904) was

an English photographer who

spent much of his life in the United

States. He is known primarily forhis important pioneering work on

animal locomotion, with use of

multiple cameras to

capture motion, and

his zoopraxiscope, a device for

projecting motion pictures thatpre-dated the flexible perforated

film strip that is used today

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

12/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

In 1877, under the sponsorship of Leland Stanford, Eadweard

Muybridge successfully photographed a horse named "Sallie

Gardner" in fast motion using a series of 24 stereoscopic cameras.

The experiment took place on June 11 at the Palo Alto farm in

California with the press present. The purpose of the exercise was to

determine whether a running horse ever had all four legs lifted offthe ground at once. The cameras were arranged along a track

parallel to the horse's, and each of the camera shutters was

controlled by a trip wire which was triggered by the horse's hooves.

They were 21 inches apart to cover the 20 feet taken by the horse

stride, taking pictures at one thousandth of a second.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

13/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

14/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Muybridge_race_horse_animated.gif

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

15/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

ge.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Muybridge_race_horse_animated.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Muybridge_race_horse_animated.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Muybridge_race_horse_animated.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Muybridge_race_horse_animated.gif

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

16/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Etienne-Jules Marey

1882

Invents

photographic gun.

Lens in the muzzle,paper in the

chamber.

Pull trigger andhave 12 rapid

exposures.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

17/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

George Eastman

1884

Developed

celluloid film.

Originally createdfor the still camera,

it made motion

pictures possible.

Flexible and allows

light to pass

through.Eastman and Edison make movies

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

18/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

The second experimental

film, Roundhay Garden

Scene, filmed by Louis Le

Prince on October 14, 1888

in Roundhay, Leeds, WestYorkshire,England, UK is

now known as the earliest

surviving motion picture

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

19/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Early Invention- Thomas Edison

1889- Thomas Alva Edison builds the firstmotion-picture camera and names it the

Kinetoscope.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

20/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

21/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

22/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

1894- The Edison Corporation establishes the first

motion-picture studio

nicknamed the Black Maria.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

23/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

The Black Maria

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

24/39>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

These are a few of the

contributions from

America. The historynow goes back to

Europe.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

25/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Projection

Projection was a difficultproblem to solve. Its roots

go back as far as 1646.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

26/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Magic Lantern

1646 Father

AthanasiusKircher made

drawings of a boxthat couldreproduce animage through a

lens. Ancestor of

present day slideprojector.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

27/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

The magic lantern has a concave mirror behind a

light source that gathers light and projects it

through a slide with an image painted onto it. The

light rays cross an aperture (which is an opening atthe front of the apparatus), and hits a lens. The

lens throws an enlarged picture of the original

image from the slide onto a screen

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

28/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

18th Century

Showmen travel

across Europe

showing magic

lantern shows. Used drawn images

in the beginning.

Eventually usedphotographs.

Phantasmagoria

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

29/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

19th Century

Photo plays drew viewers to a story just as film

does today.

Combination of magic lantern shows, live actors,

and photography.

Some lasted up to 2 hours and told

melodramatic stories.

Proved the potential of projected film.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

30/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Projection Problems

Projector needs apowerful light

source to make

images clear.

Film has to run

smoothly past

this light source

without tearing.

Vitascope Projector

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

31/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

Lumiere Brothers

1894

Tinker with

Edisons

Kinetoscope. Designed their

own machine

within a year.

Auguste and Louis

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

32/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

1895- In France, Auguste

and Louis Lumire hold the

first private screening. The

Lumire brothers invent the

Cinmatograph, acombination of camera and

projector. They are

considered to be the worlds

first film directors.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

33/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

34/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

35/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

36/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

December 28, 1895

First theater opensto the paying

public.

Basement of a

Paris caf.

Lumieres show:

Workers leaving

the Lumiere

Factory.

Arrival at Lyon.

A Babys Meal.

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

37/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

38/39

>> 0 >> 1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>

7/30/2019 17349_13759_History of World Cinema (1)

39/39

A Trip to the Moon

France, 1902- the

screen's firstscience

fiction story was a

created by Frenchdirector and magician

Georges Melies

(1861-1938) in this

version of the JulesVerne story.