17849540 Mathematics Dictionary

1

DATA The information which describes an object idea, inference,Proof, data is accepted and processed in computer in Binary form.

DATA PROCESSING:Operation performed upon data to get information. The data is proceed by a computer.

DEBUG:To locate and detected error in a program run on a computer.

DECA:A Prefix standing for 10 e.g 1 deca gram = 10grams

DECAGON:A plane geometrical figure having 10 sites

DECI:A Prefix meaning 10 1 deci meter = 1/10 meter

DECIMAL FARCTION: A decimal fraction is a fraction where the denominator (the bottom number) is a power of ten (such as 10, 100, 1000, etc).You can write decimal fractions with a decimal point (and no denominator). Examples: 43/100 51/1000

Decimal Number SystemThe number system we use every day, based on 10 digits (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9). Position is important, with

9 0

2 Current Mathematics Dictionary

the first position being units, then next on the left being tens, then hundreds and so on.

Decimal

A point or dot used to separate the whole number part from the fractional part of a number. Example: in the number 36.9 the dot separates the 36 (the whole number part from the 9 (the fractional part, which means 9/10)

Decrease

To make smaller. As the parrot drinks, the amount left in the can will decrease.

Deduct

To take away from. To subtract. term use for money matters reduce some panelies, Discants etc.

Deduction:

Conclusion derived from data by a process are reasoning

Definition

/

Current Mathematics Dictionary 3

The description of a new term or idea by using only ideas accepted but not yet finalized, caleed axioms or postulated and the already defoimed symbols and operations.

Deformation:

The geometric changes in shape or size or volume by certon forces the deformation made temporary or permanent.

Degenerate conic:

The conic section which are neither hyperbolic Parabolic nor elliptic.

Degree (Angles)

A unit t measure angle. There are 360 degrees in a full otation.The symbol for degrees is °Example: 90 degrees (90°) is a right angle.

Degree (Temperature)

360


A measure of temperature (how hot or cold it is)The symbol for degrees is °

The two most common scales are Celsius and Fahrenheit

Example: this thermometer shows 28 degrees Celsius (a very warm day).

Denominator

The bottom number in a fraction. Shows how many

equal parts the item is divided into.

Data

A collection of facts, such as values or measurements.

Date

The exact day, month and/or year.Examples: "The date of my appointment is March the 25th." His birth date was 23 November 2006."

Day

The 24 hour period from midnight to the next midnight. It is how long the Earth takes to spin once on its axis.It can also mean just the time from sunrise to sunset (the rest of the 24 hours being "night")

0


Deca-

A prefix meaning ten

Decade

A period of 10 years. The years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009 are together one decade.

Decagon

A 10-sided polygon (a flat shape with straight sides).

It is a polygon.

Decahedron

A solid shape with ten flat faces.

It is a polyhedron.

This 10-sided die is an example of just one type of

decahedron.

Decimal

Based on 10Example: the numbers we use in everyday life are decimal numbers, because there are 10 of them (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9).Often "decimal number" is also used to mean a number that uses a decimal point followed by digits as a way of showing values less than one. Example: 1.9 is a decimal number (one and nine tenths)

Density


A measure of how much matter is in a certain volume.

Thick ness of the Matter

The density of water is about 1 kg per liter so anything that floats has a lower density, and anything that sinks is more dense.

Descending Order

Arranged from largest to smallest. Decreasing.

Example: 100, 45, 22, 18, 2These numbers are in descending order.

Diagonal

A straight line inside a shape that goes from one corner to another (but not an edge).

Diagram

A drawing used to describe something. E.g. Gemetical figer port ional Geometrical his graph, bircher etc.

100, 45, 27, 18, 2



Diameter

A straight line going through the center of a circle connecting two points on the circumference.

Die

A die (plural "dice") is a solid object with markings on each face used for random numbers when playing games. The most common dice are cubes with dots on them for the numbers 1 to 6

Difference

The result of subtracting one number from another. How

much one number differs from another. Example: The difference between 9 and 4 is 5.

6 6


Digit

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are the ten digits we use in everyday numbers.Example: the numeral 153 is made up of 3 digits ("1", "5" and "3").

Digital Clock or Watch

A clock or watch that shows the time using numbers, not

hands.

Dimension

A measurement of length in one direction.In Physics it can also mean any physical measurement such as length, time, mass.

DE MORGAGRAN LAWS

If A,B,C are subset of a set E and dash represent the complement of the set then

(AU B U C) = A ∩ B ∩ C

A ∩ B ∩ C = A U B U C

Directed Number

A number that can be positive or negative. Usually it has a positive (+) or negative (-) sign in front of it, like this:

10 9 0

(-)


But posiitve numbers often leave the "+" sign off, so "3" is really "+3"

DERIVATIVA:

If Y is function of X and Y = F(x) then first order derivative is dy/dx

Higher order derivative can also be define so that second order derivative is d/dx (dy/dx)

The Nth order derivative denoted by dy/dxn

DETERMINANT:

The arrangement of elements of square metris, n rows

And n cloums then n will be called the order or determinant.

e.g it is the second order determinant

DEVIATION:

Variation with respect to standard of reference

DIAGONAL MATRIX:

A square matrix will all it elements zero accept diagonal elements.

DIFFERENCE OF TWO SETS:


The elements of one set beloing to set a but not beloing to set b. it can be written as A – B

DIFFERENTIAL:

An infinitesimal change in a depended variable or a an in depended variable causes the small change in in depend variable dx and dy which are differential in dy/dx

DIFFERNTIAL EQUATION:

An equation with some derivative. e.g 2y + dy/dx + 4x +13 = 0 is a differential equation.

DIFFERNTIAL OPERATOR:

Operator used in differentiation. It is denoted by D = d/dx

DIFFERENTIATION:

The methology to define the derivative of a funcation. It is also states the rate of change of 1 variable with respect to another.


Direction

Where something is pointing Examples: North South East and West are all directions. Up, Down, Left and Right are also directions.

DIRECT VARIATION:

Direct variation of the from y= kx, k is the constant of proportionality.

DIRECTION ANGELS:

The agnel made by the lines with the positive direction of x – axis, y axis, z axis.

e.g cosa, sinb tanc

DIRECTION COSINES:

Cosine of direction angles. If algine makes α, β. and γ

With x, y and z axis.then direction cosines of the line are cos α, cos β and cos γ .


DIRECTION RATIO:

The quantaties a, b, c which are in constant proportion to l,m,n,r Direction cosine of line. It can be written as

a/l = b/m = c/n

Discrete Data

Which takes normally whole numbers Difference of numbers is comparatively large.

Data that can only take certain values.

DISCRIMINANT:

In second degree quadratic equation, b-4ac is a discriminant. Which states the nature of the root.

I. If b-4ac is positive then root will be real and distinct.

II. If b-4ac = 0 then root will be real and repeated III. If b-4ac is negative then root will be complex or

imaginary.

DISJOINT:

Two sets are calles disjoint if they have not any common elements.

DISK:

A computer device, it is used to storing information or transferring data from one place to other.


DISPERSION:

The measurement of a variation of some data with respect to central tendency.

Displacement (distance)

The short test Distance between two points

Displacement (fluid)


How much fluid is pushed away when an object is placed in it.

Distance

Length. A measurement of length farecced.

Distributive Law

The Distributive Law means that you get the same answer when you multiply a group of numbers by another number as when you do each multiplication separatelyExample: (2 + 4) × 5 = 2×5 + 4×5


Divide

To divide is to split into equal parts or groups. It is "fair

sharing".Example: there are 12 chocolates, and 3 friends want to share them, how do they divide the chocolates?Answer: They should get 4 each. (12 ÷ 3= 4), (12/3 = 4)We use the ÷ symbol, or sometimes the / symbol to mean divide:

DIVERGENCE:

A vector operator (∆) which applied on vector function F (x,y,z) gives a scalar quantity like.

Dividend

The amount that you want to divide up.

dividend ÷ divisor = quotient Example: in 12 ÷ 3 = 4, 12 is the dividend

Divisible

When one number can be divided by another and the

result is an exact whole number.Example: 15 is divisible by 3, because 15 ÷ 3 = 5 exactly But 9 is not divisible by 2 because 9 ÷ 2 is 4 with 1 left over.

100 25

6 30 31 5


Divisor

The number you divide by dividend ÷ divisor = quotient Example: in 12 ÷ 3 = 4, 3 is the diviso

DOCUMENTATION:

Instructions with all necessary requirements to represent fully something.

Dodecagon


Dodecahedron

A polyhedron (a flat-sided solid object) with 12 Faces. If it is "regular" (all faces are the same) it is one of the Platonic Solids

Dollar

A dollar is a kind of money. The symbol for the dollar is

$

100 cents equals one dollar.

100 =



Domain of a function

The set of all inputs that a function accepts. The output

values are called the range.

Domain -> function -> Range

Example: if the function f(x) = x2 is given the values x =

{1,2,3,…} then {1,2,3,…} is the domain.

Double

Make twice Multiply by 2.

Example: Double 4 is 8.

Dozen

12 items

Example: a dozen eggs

DOT PRODUCT:

Scalar product in vectors.

DOUBLE ROOT:

Equal roots, repeated

DYNAMICS:

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It is the branch of mathematic with deals with motions of a body under reaction of some forces.

DYNE:

A measurement unit of force, the force required to accelerate a one gram body by one centimeter /per second.


(E)

EULER’s CONSTANT:

The natural base of common logarithm, it can be stated as

(Euler's Number)

The number "e" is one of the most important numbers in

mathematics.The first few digits are: 2.7182818284590452353602874713527 (and more ...) It is often called Euler's number after Leonhard Euler

ECCENTRICITY:

The ratio of distancey between focus and directrix it is denoted by e.

Edge

2,7,8,28, 18, 28, 45, 20, 45, 23 e


The line where two surfaces meet

Example: This tetrahedron has 6 edges.

Or the boundary of a shape, such as the circumference

of a circle.

ELASTICTY:

The property of an object with resist to changed it’s

original shape the ratio of stress to strain is called

young’s modulus and young modulus presents elasticity.

Element

A member of a set, an abject

ELEVATION:

The vertical distance of a point from ground level or

horizontal axis.

ELIMINATION:

The method used to find the value of some variable in

simultaneous equations.

Ellipse


A curved shape like a slightly flattened circle.

EMPIRICAL:

Drivable and presentable from an experiment or observation.

EMPTY SET:

A set which have no elements and it is denoted by

ENERGY:

The capacity of a body to perform work. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed but may change it’s forms.like kinetic energy to potential energy and potential energy to electric energy etc.

ENTIRE FUNCTION:

An other name of integral function.

ENUMERABLE SET:

Define number of elements, countable set.

ENVELOP:

A curve which is tangent to the each type of line / curves.

Enlarge

To make larger, To increase its size, to increase its size.


Equal

Exactly the same amount or value Examples:3 + 4 is equal to 7 1 Dollar is equal to 100 Cents The symbol is =

Equality

The state of being equal. Having the same amount or

value.

Equation

An equation says that two things are the same, using

mathematical symbols.

An equal sign (=) is used

Example: 7+2 = 10-1

EQUATIONS OF MOTION:

The general form of equation of motions, which described the motion of body and relation between speed, velocity, acceleration and time taken by body.

V=u+at

S=ut+1/2at

2as=v-u

EQUATORS:

(=)

(=)


The greater circle on the surface on the earth which is equidistant from the north and south pole. The equator’s plan called equatorial plan.

EQUIANGULAR:

Same size angle.

Equation of a Straight Line

An equation that defines a straight line.

In this example the equation is

y = 2x + 1

EQUIDISTANT:

Same distance from both side of a fix point.

Equilateral Triangle

y = 2x + 1 (1)


A triangle with all three sides of equal length.

All the angles will be 60°

EQUILIBRIUM:

A body either in the state of rest are motion is said in equilibrium if the effect of all forces is zero.

The right hand forces and left hand forces are equal in magnitude.

Equinox

The time of the year when day and night are each 12

hours long and the Sun is at the midpoint of the sky.

This happens twice a year:

Spring equinox

Autumn (Fall) equinox

Equivalent

Having the same value. But may in different forms.

Example 0.5 is equivalent to ½

12


Equivalent Fractions

Fractions which have the same value, even though they

may look different.

Example 1/2 and 2/4 are equivalent, because they are

both "half"

ERG:

In C.G.S system it is unit of earth

The work done by a 1 dyne force to a distance of one centimeter.


ESCRIBED CIRCLE:

A circle drawn externally to a geometrical figure which touches its sides.

Estimate

A close guess of the actual value, usually with some

thought or calculation involved.

Example: 6.51 x 7.00 = 46

Estimation

Finding a value that is close enough to the right answer,

usually with some thought or calculation involved.

Example: Sam's estimation of 400 bricks to build the

wall was very good, as there were only 12 bricks left

over.

Evaluate

To calculate the value of. Example: Evaluate the cost of each pie if 3 pies cost $6. Answer: $2 each.

EVEN FUNCTION:

A function f (x) is set to be even if f (x) = f (-x) its graph its symmetric about by axis

y=x, y=x, y=cosx


Even Number

Any integer that can be divided exactly by 2.

The last digit will be 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8

Example: -24, 0, 6 and 38 are all even numbers

If it is not an even number, it is called an odd number.

Example: -3, 1, 7 and 35 are all odd numbers

EX-CENTER:

The center of escribed circle.

Expanded Notation

Writing a number to show the value of each digit.

It is shown as a sum of each digit multiplied by its

matching place vale (units, tens, hundreds, etc.)

For example: 4,265 = 4 x 1,000 + 2 x 100 + 6 x 10 + 5

x 1

Exponent

0,2,4,6 2 8, 6, 4, 2, 0


The exponent of a number shows you how many times

the number is to be used in a multiplication. It is written

as a small number to the right and above the base

number. In this example: 82 = 8 × 8 = 64

EXPANSION:

The process in which a quantity can be written as the sum of series of terms.

EXPLICIT:

if a variable y express explicit as a function of another variable x as y=f (x) then y is explicit function of x

y=x cosx + 11sinx +11

EXPONENT:

Power of a number in expression example 32, 3 is base and 2 is exponent.

Different properties fro exponent are

I. Multiplication

II. Division

III. Power of power

IV. Negative power

V. Fractional power

EXPONENTIAL SERIES:

An infinite series with exponential function ex where e is log natural base an can written as

ex=1+x+x/2 + x/3 + x/4…..x/n


Expression

Numbers, symbols and operators (such as + and ×) grouped together that show the value of something. Example 2×3 is an expression

EXTERIOR ANGLE:

The angle formed outside the polygon by two adjacent sides one drone by extension. The Interior and exterior angle are supplementary

(F)

F.P.S

The measurement system which is based on the foot second and pound as the unit of length time and weight respt.

Face

(=)


Any of the individual surfaces of a solid object

Example: a cube has six faces.

Factor

Factors are the numbers you multiply together to get

another number:

Example: 3 and 4 are factors of 12, because 3x4=12.

FACTOR THEOREM:

Let polynomial f (x) have root (x – a) iff f (a) = 0

f (x) = x + 6 x + 5 = 0

f (-1) = 0

so (x+1) and (x + 5) are the factor of f (x)

Factorial!

The result of multiplying a series of descending natural

numbers, such as 4, 3, 2, 1. The symbol is "!"


Examples:

4! = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 24

7! = 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 5040

Factorising

Finding what to multiply to get an expression.

Example: 2y+6 = 2(y+3),

so the factors of 2y+6 are 2 and (y+3)

Fahrenheit

Fahrenheit is a temperature scale.

It is used to tell how hot or cold something is.

It is often written as ° F

Water freezes at 32° F and boils at 212° F

Fall

The season that follows summer and comes before

winter.

Starts in September in the Northern Hemisphere, and

March in the Southern Hemisphere.

Fibonacci Sequence

The sequence of numbers: 0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,...Each number equals the sum of the two

1

212of 32oF


FINITE GROUP:

A group having finite number of elements.

FINITE SET:

A set having countable numbers of elements.

e.g number of students in school, number of houses in town etc.

Finite Number

A definite number. Not infinite. In other words it could be

measured, or given a value.

First

Before anything else at No. 1 Position

Flat

Not curved or bumpy.

A cube has six flat sides.

Flip

Turn something over. To make a mirror image of.

Example: this shape is flipped over the line.


FLUID OUNCE

A unit of Capacity which is equal to one – 20th part of a pint.

FOCAL CHORD:

A card of a conic which passes through a focus

FOOT:

In F.P.S system, the unit of length measurement

1 foot = 0.3 048 meter.

FOOT POUND:

In F.P.S system the unit of work, the work done by a body to lift one pound mass through one foot under gravitational force.

FORCE:

An agency which change or try to change the state of rest or motion of an object. The unit of force is Newton and denoted by N

Formula


Numbers and symbols that show how to work something

out

Example:

The formula for finding the volume of a box is "V = w ×

d×h"

(V stands for volume, w for width, d for depth and h for

height.

If w=4, d=5 and h=10, then V = 4×5×10 = 200.)

It is a special type of equation that shows the

relationship between different variables.

FORTRAN:

A computer language specially used in mathematical

problems.

Fortnight

A time period of 14 days (2 weeks).

The word comes from "fourteen nights"

FOURIER SERIES:

In any periodic function with period 2∏ can be written as an in finite trigonometric series of the form.

14


FRAME OF REFERENCE:

A set formed by origin and coordinate system which indicate the position of the point.

Frequency

How often something happens during a period of time.

Example: This is a heartbeat with a frequency of 78

beats per minute.

78


Frequency Distribution

A table that lists a set of scores and their frequency (how many times each one occurs)

Frequency Histogram

A graph that uses vertical columns to show frequencies (how many times each score occurs).There should not be any gaps between the bars.

Frequency Polygon

A graph made by joining the middle-top points of the

columns of a frequency histogram


FRUSTUM:

A solid geometrical shape which is obtained by cutting

solid geometrical shape like cylinder, prism, sphere and

cone.

FULCRUM:

A fix point about a lever can move.

Function

A function is a special relationship between values: Each of its input values gives back exactly one output value.It is often written as "f(x)" where x is the value you give it.Example: f(x) = x/2 ("f of x is x divided by 2") is a function, because for every value of "x" you get another value "x/2". So:

* f(2) = 1* f(16) = 8 * f(-10) = -5

FURLONG:

Unit of length measurement. It is 8th part of a mile

1 furlong = 201.168 meters

f(x)


Gg:

it is abbreviation for gravitational acceleration

g = 9.8m/s

GALLON:

It is volume unit for liquids in B.S.U

One gallon = 4.547liters

GAMMA FUNCTION:

Gamma function of a number n can be define as

Geometry

The area of mathematics that deals with lines, shapes

and space.


Plane Geometry is about flat shapes like lines, circles

and triangles. Solid Geometry is about solid (3-

dimensional) shapes like spheres and cubes.

Golden Mean

Another name for Golden Ratio

Golden Ratio

The number approximately equal to 1.618033989…

It is exactly equal to (1+√5)/2 If you divide a line into

two parts so that: the longer part divided by the smaller

part

is also equal to the whole length divided by the longer

part then you will have the Golden Ratio.


Googol

Is the number written as 1 followed by 100 zeros.

10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,

000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,

000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

Gradient

How steep a straight line is, How inclined a line is:In this example the gradient is 3/5 = 0.6

Gram

A metric unit of weight 1,000 grams = 1 kilogram

GRAMME:

An other name of gram one gramme = 1 / 1000kg

Graph

A diagram of values, usually shown as lines or bars.

100 (1)

1000 = 1 1


GRAVITATION:

The law of gravitation by Newton can be written as the force of attraction between two objects is directly proportion to there masses and inversely proportion to the square of distance between there centers.

F = G m1 m2 / r2 G = 6.67 × 10 – 8

GRAVITY:

The force by which the earth attracts and object towards it’s center.

Greater Than

Bigger, comparatively The symbol > means greater than

(the symbol < means less than).

Example: 5 > 3 shows that 5 is greater than 3

Greatest Common Factor

The highest number that divides exactly into two or

more numbers.

If you find all the factors of two or more numbers, and

you find some factors are the same ("common"), then

the largest of those common factors is the Greatest

Common Factor.

Abbreviated "GCF". Also called "Highest Common

Factor"

Example: the GCF of 12 and 30 is 6, because 1, 2, 3 and

6 are factors of both 12 and 30, and 6 is the greatest.

573


Gross

Before any deductions.

Example: "gross income" means before tax and

expenses.

Also means twelve dozen (=144)

Gross Weight

The total weight, including contents, packaging, etc.

HHalf

One of two equal parts of a whole

HALF PLANE:

A part of plane on one site of a straight line.

Handspan

=


The distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the

little finger on your outstretched hand

Hect-

A prefix meaning 100

Hectare (ha)

A hectare is a unit of area equal to 10,000 square

meters. Usually used to measure land.

Symbol: ha

1 ha = 2.47 Acres approximately

Heft

Test the weight of something by holding it in your hand

Height

100

= 10000m2


The vertical distance from top to bottom

HELIX:

A space curve in a shape of spiral it is called spherical, cylindrical or clerical. The shape of the thread on a screw is a helix.

Hemisphere

In geometry it is an exact half of a sphere.

Hendecagon

An 11-sided polygon (a flat shape with straight sides).


Hepta-

A prefix meaning 7

Example: a heptagon is a 7-sided figure

Heptagon


Hexa-

A prefix meaning 6

Example: a hexagon is a 6-sided figure

Hexagon


17

7

6

6


Hexahedron

Another name for a cube.

It has this name because it is a polyhedron with 6

(Hexa-) sides.

Highest Common Factor

Another name for "Greatest Common Factor"

HINDU-ARABIC NUMERALS:

The numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9 are hindu mathematics numbers.

HISTOGRAM:

A graphical representation of data in columns form which represent the quantities and there frequencies.

HOMOGENOUS EQUATION:

An equation in which given homogenous functions is equal to zero.

HOMOGENOUS FUNCTION:

A function with each term is of the same order. If each term is of degree n the function is called homogenous function of degree n.

e.g f (x,y) = xy + x + y

Horizontal

Going side-to-side, like the horizon. Just like ove in the

bed room along the an alls but on flour.

GCF


Parallel to the horizon.

(Up-down is called vertical

Hour

A period of time equal to 1/24 (a twenty-fourth) of a day.

1 Day = 24 Hours

1 Hour = 60 minutes.

The amount of time between 5:00 and 6:00 is one hour.

60 =


Hour Hand

The small hand on a clock that points to the hours.

It goes once around the clock every 12 hours (half a

day).

Hundredth

One part in a hundred equal parts


HYDROSTATICS:

Static’s of fluids as compare to static of particles or rigid bodies.

HYPERBOLIC FUNCTION:

Following are called hyperbolic function.

HYPERBOLOID:

A surface obtained by rotating a hyperbola about one of its axis rotation about the transverses axis generate hyperboloid of two sheets while rotation about the conjugate axis generates hyperboloid.

Hypotenuse

The side opposite the right angle in a right-angled

triangle

HYPOTHESIS:

It is assumed to be true, to create or develop a new theory

i:symbols for imaginary number and equal to


(Unit Imaginary Number)

The square root of minus 1.i is the "unit" imaginary numbers

IIcosahedron

A polyhedron (a flat-sided solid object) with 20 Faces.

If it is "regular" it is one of the Platonic Solids

-1

20


Identity

An equation that is true no matter what values are chosen.Example: a/2 = a × 0.5 is true no matter what value is chosen for "a"

IDENTITY FUNCTION:

An element of a set which have no effect under the binary operation with an other element.

e.g 0 is identity for edition 0+5 = 5+0 = 5

1 is identity element for multiplication so

1 × 5 = 5 × 1=5

IMAGE:

For a function, if a set A mapped into a set B and a Є A is mapped to b Є B then we say y is image of x

IM AGINARY NU MBER:

A number -1 is called imaginary number

IMAGINARY ROOT:

A root which contain imaginary number called imaginary root.

IMPERIAL UNITS:

Units were under used in Brittan since long time for different measurements.

Imperial System


A system of weights and measures originally developed

in England. Similar but not always the same as US

standard units.

Example of Imperial measures:

Length: inches, feet, yards

Area: square feet, acres

Weight: pounds, ounces,

Volume: fluid ounces, gallons

The Imperial System has been replaced by the Metric

System in most countries (including England).

IMPLICIT FUNCTION:

If y is function of x and y cannot be explicity expressed in terms of x then y is an implicit function of x

e.g y + x = 9ax

Improper Fraction

An improper fraction is a fraction where the numerator

(the top number) is greater than or equal to the

denominator

Example: 5/3 (five thirds) and 9/8 (nine eighths) are

Inch

An inch is a measure of length.

There are 12 inches in a foot, and 36 inches in a yard.

1= 136 = 12


Incircle

The circle that fits the inside of a regular polygon.

It touches the midpoint of each side of the polygon.

Its radius is the "apothem" of the polygon

IMPULS:

Product of force an performing it can be written as P.dt as F = ma, a = dv / dt

INCENTRE:

The centre of inscribed circle a geometrical figure e.g the Incentre of rhombus is a common point of intersection of its diagonal bisectors.

INCLINATION:

The angle between line or plane with a horizontal axis or ground level.

INCLINATION OF TWO LINE:

The angle between two lines in a plane

INCLINATION OF TWO PLANE:


The angle between two planes or angle between there normals.

INCLINT PLANE:

A plane which is not parallel with horizontal axis

Increase

Make something bigger (in size or quantity).

INCREMENT:

A small increase in the actual value of a variable it can be written by ∆

Index (Power)

The index of a number shows you how many times to

use the number in a multiplication.

In this example: 102 = 10 × 10 = 100 10 is base ed 2 is

index

Inequality

An inequality says that two values are not equal.

There are other special symbols that show in what way

things are not equal.

a < b says that a is less than b

a > b says that a is greater than b

a ≤ b means that a is less than or equal to b

a ≥ b means that a is greater than or equal to b.

> <


Infinite

Without an end. Not finite.

INFINITE FUNCTION:

A function effect is such that

INFINITE SET:

A set with infinite number of elements like setup natural

numbers, sand particles in Sahara desert etc.

INFINITY:

∞, it is a symbol, which states that it is not countable

INFINITESIMAL:

A variable is very small value approximately approaches

to zero.

Inradius

0,1,2,3.....


Another name for Apothem

Integer

A number with no fractional part.

Includes the counting numbers {1,2,3,…}, zero {0}, and

the negative of the counting numbers {-1, -2, -3, …}

You can write them down like this: {…, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2,

3, …}

Examples of integers: -16, -3, 0, 1, 198

INTEGRAL DOMAIN:

A commutative ring with identity in it with respect to multiplication and having the property that when xy=0

Then either x=0 or y = 0 or both.

INTEGRAL INDEX:

Exponent, it is an integer but not a fraction

INTEGRATION:


To find the integrals of function called integration.

Intersect

To cross over (have some common point), to cut, to Meal

each other.

INTEREST:

Amount of money paid on borrowed amount. Actual

amount is called principal amount and extra amount is

called is interest.

INTERFACE:

A common boundary of two surfaces

INTERIOR ANGLE:

An angle formed at vertex of a geometrical figures,

angle between two adjacent sides.

INTERNAL DIVISION:

The division of a line segment internally is a given ratio.

INTERSECTION:


Cutting point, meeting point, having common value at

graph

For sets it is a common element between two sets.

Interval

What is between two points.

A definite length of time marked by a start and finish.

INVARIANT:The property of a function or equation which not change under a particular transformation e.g general equation of conic ax+ 2hxy + by + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 so (a+b) and (h-ab) or invariant under the transformation Inverse

Opposite in effect. The reverse of.

The inverse of adding 9 is subtracting 9.

The inverse of multiplying by 5 is dividing by 5.

INVERSE ELEMENT:

An element when operate with some an other element under some binary operation an gives identity element

e.g 5 added with – 5 result 0 so – 5 is additive inverse of 5

1/5 5 -9 9


Inverse Operation

The operation that reverses the effect of another

operation.

Addition and subtraction are inverse operations

Irregular Polygon

A polygon that does not have all sides equal and all

angles equal.

A polygon is "regular" only if all angles are equal and all

sides are equal otherwise it is irregular.

INVERSE OF METRIX:

A metrix Y of same order as a metrix X will be the inverse of X if Y.X = 1 = X.Y it is denoted by Y

INVERSE RATIO:

Inverse ratio of x/y is y/x. reciprocal of ratio produce its inverse

INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION:

If y = cosx then x = cosy is called inverse function similarly we can write inverse for sin,tan,cot,sec,cosec

INVERSE VARIATION:

An expression, y = k /x k is a constant, we can say y inversely proportion to x


INVOLUTE:

Involute of a curve is another curve which is obtained by unwinding a taut – string around the first curve.

ISOLATED POINT:

A point which is satisfies the equation of a curve but is not on the main arc of the curve.

ISOMETRY:

A transformation in a distance with the two points remains unchanged.

ISOMORPHISM:

A one – one correspondence between the sets, it means that each element of one sets have an image in second set under given mapping.


Isosceles Triangle

A triangle with two equal sides

The angles opposite the equal sides are also equal

ITERATION:A method to solve a problem by successive approximations in such a way that each a approximations comes with more accurate estimate by using the preceding approximation.

JJ:It represent the direction of y axis in vectors

JOIN:Connect, meet, or intersection of two lines / curves

JORDAN CURVE:A continues, closed curve not intersecting it self. It may or may not have a finite length.


KK:

It represent the direction of z axis in vectors

KERNAL:

It is often required to obtain a solution of a linear differential equation in the form.

Kilo-

A prefix meaning one thousand

Kilogram

A Metric measure of mass.

The abbreviation is kg.

1 kg = 1,000 grams

Kilolitre / Kiloliter

A Metric measure of volume. Equal to 1,000 liters.

Also equal to the volume of a cube that is 1m on each

side (a cubic meter or 1 m3)

1000 = 1


Kilometer

A Metric measure of distance. Equal to 1,000 meters.

The abbreviation is km.

km/h

An abbreviation of "kilometers per hour". A metric measure of speed.This is a sign showing a speed limit of 50 km/h

KILOWATT – HOUR:Electric energy used or produced of 1000 watt / hour 1 kilowatt – hour = 3.6 × 106

KINEMATICS:

1000 = 1


It is the branch of mathematic which deals with motion of the objects

KNOT:Speed units, one nautical mile per hour

KURTOSIS:A measure of the degree of peaked ness of a distribution given by.


LLAMINA:

A solid body which have two parallels sides separated by a very small distance.

LATITUDE:

The shortest distance of the point p on the earth surface from the equator measure as pm along the surface of the earth.

LATUS RECTUM:

Double coordinates through the focus of the conic section length of latest rectum of parabola y = 4ax is 4a

Leap Year

A leap year is a year containing an extra day. It has 366

days instead of the normal 365 days.

The extra day is added in February, which has 29 days

instead of the normal 28 days.

Leap years occur every 4 years. 2008 is a leap year and

so is 2012.

Except that every 100 years special rules apply. For

example 1900 was not a leap year, but 2000 was.

Least

365 366 28

2012, 2008, 2004, 2000


Smallest. Minimum valve

Least Common Denominator

The smallest number that can be used for all

denominators of 2 or more fractions.

Example: the Least Common Denominator of 1/2 and

2/3 is 6, because they can be written as 3/6 and 4/6.

Least Common Multiple

The smallest number that is a multiple of two or more

numbers.

The Least Common Multiple of 3 and 5 is 15, because 15

is a multiple of 3 and also a multiple of 5. Other common

multiples include 30 and 45, etc, but they are not the

smallest (least).

LEGENDRE POLYNOMIALS:

The function pn(x) in series in the form of polynomials which gives the solution of legendre differential equations

LEGENDRE’S EQUATION:

The legendre differential equation second degree is

Length

Distance. How far from end to end.

The length of this guitar is about 1 meter


Less Than

Smaller then other

The symbol < means less than.

Example: 4 < 9 shows that 4 is less than 9

LIGHT YEAR:

Unit of distance, the distance by the light in space in one year. It is called one light year

One light year = 9.467 × 10 12km

LIMIT:

A value to which a variable approaches it can be written as f (x) = x – 1

LIMIT POINT:

Accumulation point, where limit applied

Line

A long thin mark made by a pen, pencil, etc.

In geometry a line:

* is straight (no curves),

* has no thickness, and

* extends in both directions without end.

If it does have ends it would be called a "Line Segment".

9 4 4 < 9 9 1


"Line" normally means straight, so say "curve" if it has a

curve.

Line Graph

A graph that uses points connected by lines to show how

something changes in value

Line Segment

A line with definite end points (also called a "Line

Segment").

Line Symmetry


Another name for reflection symmetry. One half is the

reflection of the other half.

The "Line of Symmetry" (shown here in white) is the

imaginary line where you could fold the image and have

both halves match exactly.

LINEAR ALGEBRA:

Branched of mathematics in which algebraic properties of vector spaces are studied. if V is a set of vectors V = [v1, v2, v3….} and F set of scalars F = {k1, k2, k3….] V can be subjecyted to the opreatuions of scalar multifplication (k1 v1, k2 v2} etc.

LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION:

A differential equation of degree one in y with it’s derivatives but the coefficients of y derivatives of function of x

LINEAR EQUATION:

An equation of degree one

e.g 3x + 4 = 0 or y = 4x + 9

LINEAR EXPANSION:

Uni directional expansion

Linear Scale

A scale with equal divisions for equal values.

For example, a ruler has a linear scale.

LINEAR TRANSFORMATION:

A transformation is obtained by the linear equation


LINEAR TRANSFORMATION:

Coefficients composed of literal constant like a,b,c for example the coefficients in the expression ax4+bx3+cx2+dx+e are literal coefficients.

Liter

A Metric unit of volume.

Mostly used to measure liquids

1 liter = 1,000 milliliters (ml)

ln:

natural logarithm having based e

LOCAL MAXIMA:

A value of the variable of x for which the value of the function f(x) is greater than the values of f (x) in the neighbourhood of that value of x.

LOCAL MINIMA:

A value of the variable x for which the value of the function of f (x) is less than the values of f (x) in the neighborhood of that value of x.

Locus

The set of all points that share a property.

This usually results in a curve or surface.

1000=


LOGARITHMIC CURVE:

The curve of the geometrical equation called geometrical curve.

LOGARITHMIC FUNCTION:

If two variables x and y or set a relation y = logax then y is logarithmic function of x and a is base

LOG-LINEAR GRAPH:

A graph on which one axis is with logarithmic values and second axis have linear values e.g y = kecx

LOG – LOG GRAPH:

A graph on which both axis have logarithmic values

Lowest Common Denominator

The same as Least Common Denominator

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17849540 Mathematics Dictionary

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