Index
NUMBERS80/20 rule (Pareto principle), 260
401(k) plans, 346-347
Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974cliff vesting, 331employee protections, 331-333graded vesting, 331IRS administration, 333-334Labor Department administration, 333-334
outsourcing assignments, 42Retirement Equity Act of 1984, employee protections, 334
403(b) programs, outsourcing assignments, 42
AAAI (ASPA Accreditation Institute), 24-26
academic records, background checks, 199
accounting activities, organizations, 104-106
action-oriented programs, affirmative action plans (AAPs), 143
active study approach, 10-11
active training, 51-52
ad hoc arbitrators, 440
Adams’s Equity Theory (1963), 51
Adaptive Mode (MeasureUp practice tests), 613
ADDIE (Assessment/Analysis Design Development ImplementationEvaluation), 41
analysis/assessment [A], 229data gathering stage, 233-235man analysis, 231organizational analysis, 230process overview, 233reasons for examining, 231-232risks in not performing, 232solutions stage, 236-238theoretical foundations, 230-231training initiatives, 235
design [D]elements, 238-239establishing time frames, 245
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672
identification of learning methodologies, 241-244identification of outcome objectives, 240-241process overview, 240sign offs, 245theoretical foundations, 239-240
development [D], 245evaluation [E], 250
Brinkerhoff’s Stages of Evaluation theory, 252-253Levels of Evaluation theory, 251-252
implementation [I], pilot programs, 245-250overview of, 229
administrative exemptions, 306
administrative functions, human resources, 88
adult learning processes, 46-47
affirmative action
affirmative action plans (AAPs), 142action-oriented programs, 143availability analysis, 143designation of responsibility, 143identification of problem areas, 143internal audit and reporting system, 144-146job group analysis, 143organizational display, 143placement goals, 143utilization analysis, 143
landmark casesGratz v. Bollinger (2003), 166Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), 166Johnson v. Santa Clara County Transportation Agency
(1987), 164Martin v. Wilks (1988), 164Regents of California v. Bakke (1978), 163Taxman v. Board of Education of Piscataway (1993), 165United Steelworkers v. Weber (1979), 164
AFL-CIO, labor union federation, 414
age discrimination
Executive Order 11478, federal work projects/contractors,140
interviews, questions to avoid, 196landmark cases, General Dynamics Land Systems v. Cline
(2005), 167
Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, 146
agency shops (unions), 435
aggression/violence
preventing from ethics standpoint, 113-114Royal Oaks Post Office shooting, role of ethics, 113
agility tests (pre-employment tests), 198
Albemarle Paper v. Moody (1975), landmark employment testcase, 163
ally doctrine, picketing activities, 423
American Arbitration Association (AAA), 440
American Institute of Stress, 487
American Society for Personnel Administration (ASPA), 23
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 159
disability, 161major life activities, 161qualified persons, 160reasonable accommodations, 160undue hardships, 161
An Indispensible Guide for Managers and Human ResourcesProfessionals, 82
analysis
qualitative, 61-63quantitative, 61
central tendency measures, 62-63correlation, 62
andragogy (adult learning), 261-262
annual drug tests, 487
answers
practice tests, 614strategies for
exam preparations, 16exam tips, 17
applicants, EEOC flow data requirements, 135-136
applications
elements of, 183-184job openings, evaluating, 181-182permissions to verify information, 184types of, 182-183
appraisals
errors to avoid, 282-284exams
answers, 297-298questions, 292-294
exercises, 289-291, 294-295meetings, conducting, 281performance management
behavioral anchored rating scales (BARS), 280checklists, 278critical incidents, 279field reviews, 280forced distribution method, 279narrative essays, 279paired comparison method, 278ranking method, 278rating scales, 277results-based method, 280-281
review questions, 291, 296-297
arbitrators
ad hoc, 440American Arbitration Association (AAA), 440decision process, 440
ADDIE
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C&B673
Federal Mediation and Concilation Service (FMCS), 440grievance handling procedures, collective bargaining agree-
ments (CBAs), 439-440panels, 440permanent, 440
ASPA (American Society for Personnel Administration)
AAI (ASPA Accreditation Institute), 24-26Cornell University conference on personnel, 24name change to SHRM (Society for Human Resource
Management), 23
assessment exams, PHR versus SPHR certification, 33-34
attitude versus behavior, 236
auditory learners, 262
audits, human resources, 110
Authorization to Test (ATT) letters, 36
automatic feedback, practice tests, 614
Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls (1990), fetal protectionpolicies, 479
availability analysis, affirmative action plans (AAPs), 143
avoidance (risk management), 456
BB.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning (1957), 48-49
background checks, 199-200
balanced scorecard system (strategic management), 106-107
base pay, compensation, 325
Beck rights, union dues, 435
behavior
attitude versus, 236interviews based on, 187leadership, theories on, 53
behavioral anchored rating scales (BARS), performanceappraisals, 280
biases, interviews
contrast errors, 192first-impression errors, 193halo errors, 193horn errors, 193leniency errors, 193managing, 192-193recency errors, 193similar-to-me errors, 194strictness errors, 193
bills (legislation), hearing and voting process, 115-116
binding arbitration, grievance handling procedures, 439-440
biological health hazards (occupational health), 479-481
Blake and Mouton’s Situational Leadership Theory, 55
Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 469
break schedules, training sessions, 268-269
break-even analysis, measuring human resources effectiveness,110
Brinkerhoff’s Stages of Evaluation theory, 252-253
broadbanding, pay grades, 329
bumping rights clauses, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs),432
bursitis, 476
business continuity plans, 457-458
business process perspective, balanced scorecard system(strategic management), 107
CC&B (Compensation and Benefits)
base pay, 325employees versus independent contractors, 302-303exams
answers, 370-372questions, 365-367
exempt status, 304administrative type, 306computer employees, 307creative professional type, 307executive type, 306highly compensated employees, 307learned professional type, 306non-exempt status versus, 304outside sales employees, 307safe harbor provisions, 308salary basis, 305
exercises, 362-364, 367-369independent contractors versus employees, 302-303job evaluation, 321-323legislation
COBRA Act of 1985, 335-336Davis-Bacon Act of 1931, 314Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of
1974, 330-334Equal Pay Act of 1963, 320Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, 314-319Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (mandatory
benefit program), 347-351Federal-State Unemployment Insurance Program
(mandatory benefit program), 344-345Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of
1996, 337-338Medicare (mandatory benefit program), 342-344Mental Health Parity Act of 1996, 339Older Worker’s Benefit Protection Act of 1990, 336Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947, 319Retirement Equity Act of 1984, 334Revenue Act of 1978 (optional benefit program), 345-347Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 339-340Social Security (mandatory benefit program), 340-342
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674
Uniformed Services Employment and ReemploymentRights Act of 1994 (mandatory benefit program), 351
Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act of 1936, 314Worker’s Compensation (mandatory benefit program),
340market pricing
data collection, 323matching benchmark positions, 324
non-exempt statusexempt status versus, 304specific designations, 308
optional benefit programsdefined benefits plan (retirement), 353defined contribution plan (retirement), 353-354life insurance, 357long-term disability (LTD), 357medical insurance, 354-357pay for time not worked, 358Simplified Employee Pension Plan (SEP), 354work-life programs, 358
reviewsanswers to, 369-370questions, 365
structurescompa-ratio tool, 329-330decision making guidelines, 329-330grades, 327-329ranges, 328
total compensation programsattracting and motivating targeted employees, 310communicating, 313direct, 312elements of, 312indirect, 312objectives of, 309-310relevant labor market, 310-312
variable pay, 325-327
candidates, recruitment of
employee referrals, 179-180external, 177-179internal, 175-177measuring cost of, 180-181measuring effectiveness of, 180-181selection criteria, 174-175
career development, 269
carpal tunnel syndrome, 476
case studies, learning methodologies, 244
CD (practice exam), installing, 614-615
central tendency measures, quantitative analysis, 62-63
certification
evolution of in human resources field, 24exams, number of, 26GPHR (Global Professional in Human Resources), 31HR certificate versus, 27importance of, 26initial AAI exam, 24minimum experience, 27PHR (Professional in Human Resources), 29
candidate qualifications, 30-31exam registeration, 35ID requirements, 36scoring information, 36-37SPHR exam versus, 30-34test center sites, 36
reasons for taking exam, 27-28recertification time period, 27SPHR (Senior Professional in Human Resources), 29
candidate qualifications, 30-31PHR exam versus, 30-34
Certification Mode (MeasureUp practice tests), 613
change management
role ofHR professionals, 64human resources, 94-95
theorieschange process theory, 256implementation theory, 256-257
chapter level-based preparatory courses, 15
chapters, formats of, 4-6
charges (EEO)
court remedies, 381-382determinations, 380dismissals, 379handling, 379investigations, 379jurisdictions, 376-377mediation, 379settlements, 379
charging parties (EEO), 376
checklists, performance appraisals, 278
chemical health hazards (occupational health), 477-479
chemical use and dependency
economic costs, 484-485substance abuse programs, 486-487workplace absences, 484-485
child labor, FLSA provisions, 318-319
chronic lumbar strain, 476
Circuit City Stores v. Adams (2001), mandatory arbitration agree-ments, 405
C&B
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Copyright Act of 1976675
civil rights, Kolstad v. American Dental Association (1991), 166
Civil Rights Act of 1964
sexual harassment, 132Title VII provisions, anti-discrimination measures, 137-138
Civil Rights Act of 1991, employee monetary damage awards, 161
classroom courses, exam preparations, 15
Clayton Act of 1914, 408
closed shops (unions), 434
closing processes, project management, 94
COBRA Act of 1985, continuing health coverage provisions,335-336
code of ethics, establishing, 114
collective bargaining
distributive approach, 426good faith, 424-425illegal subjects, 425integrative approach, 426interest-based approach, 426-427permissive subjects, 425required subjects, 425
collective bargaining agreements (CBAs)
Beck rights, union dues, 435bumping rights clause, 432discipline and discharge provisions, 437-438duration of agreements, 430holiday clause, 435hours worked clauses, 432layoffs clause, 437leaves of absence clause, 436-437management rights clause, 430-431no strike clauses, 433non-discrimination clauses, 430performance evaluation clause, 437preambles, 429probation clause, 431seniority clause, 431-432sick days clause, 436typical topics, 427-429union dues deductions, 430union security clauses, 434-435vacation clause, 435-436wage rate clauses, 433-434zipper clauses, 434
college-based preparatory courses, 15
commercial activities, organizations, 104-106
committees (safety), 489
common law, employee rights, 398
contract doctrines, 404-406tort doctrines, 399-404
common situs picketing, 422-423
communication strategies, 43-45
compa-ratio tool, pay rate determination, 329-330
compensation. See C&B (Compensation and Benefits)
compension and benefits area (PHR/SPHR exam), 29
competencies, job analysis (workforce planning), 174
complainants (EEO), 376
complaints (grievance handling procedures), collective bargainingagreements (CBAs), 439
Complete Idiot’s Guide to Human Resource Management, 82
comprehension, learning depth, 9
computer employee exemptions, 307
concerted activities, employees, 419-420
concurrent resolutions (legislation), 115
confidentiality agreements, contract doctrines (common law), 406
Confined Spaces Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 469
Congressional Accountability Act of 1995, protections extended toU.S. Congress employees, 162
construct validity, Uniform Guidelines on Employee SelectionProcedures (1978), 153
constructive discharges, 207
consultants (internal), human resource professionals role as,89-90
content validity, Uniform Guidelines on Employee SelectionProcedures (1978), 153
contingency theories (leadership), Fiedler’s Leadership Theory, 56
continuity plans (business), 457-458
continuous performance clauses, collective bargaining agreements(CBAs), 433
contract doctrines (common law), 404
confidentiality agreements, 406mandatory arbitration agreements, 405non-compete agreements, 405-406
contracts, third-party management, 42-43
contrast biases and errors
interviews, 192performance appraisals, 282
control factors, project management, 93
controlling (management principle), 92-93
controlling processes, project management, 94
coordination (management principle), 92
Copyright Act of 1976
copyright holders, 226exclusive rights of authors, 226fair use criteria, 227length of copyrights, 226protected authorship works, 225public domain criteria, 227
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core knowledge areas
examsanswers, 80-82questions, 76-78
exercises, 74-75, 78-79reviews
answers, 79-80questions, 76
Cornell University School of Industrial & Labor Relations, confer-ence on personnel management as profession, 24
cost, project management control factor, 93
cost-benefit analysis
human resources effectiveness, measuring, 110ROI (Return On Investment), calculating, 236-238
court remedies, charges (EEOC), 381-382
creative professional exemptions, 307
credit history
background checks, 200pre-employment screening, 200
criminal background checks, 199
criterion-related validity, Uniform Guidelines on EmployeeSelection Procedures (1978), 153
critical incidents, performance appraisals, 279
Crosby, Philip B., 258
culture (organizations), 384-385
Custom Mode (MeasureUp practice tests), 613
customer perspective, balanced scorecard system (strategicmanagement), 107
cynicism, preventing from ethics standpoint, 113
DDavis-Bacon Act of 1931, compensation legislation, 314
deauthorization of labor unions, 419
decertification of labor unions, 419
decline stage (organizations), 108
defamation, 402
defined benefits plans (retirement), 353
defined contribution plans (retirement), 353-354
Delphi technique, non-mathematical forecast for workforce plan-ning, 168
Deming, W. Edwards, total quality management (TQM) pioneer,258
democratic leadership style, 57
demonstrations, learning methodologies, 243
dental insurance, 356-357
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), 485
Department of Labor
ERISA administrative enforcement, 333-334overtime, exempt and non-exempt status, 35website, 502
design patents, 228
design [D] phase (ADDIE)
elements, 238-239establishing time frames, 245identification of
learning methodologies, 241-244outcome objectives, 240-241
process overview, 240sign offs, 245theoretical foundations, 239-240
Designing Dynamic Organizations, 126
determinations, charges (EEOC), 380
development phase, strategic planning, 101
development stage (organizations), 108
development [D] phase (ADDIE), 245
dictatorial leadership style, 57
direct compensation, 312
directing (management principle), 92
directive interviews, 185
disabilities
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 159-161benefits, Social Security, 341discrimination, questions to avoid in interviews, 196-197Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 146Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974,
147
discipline, Weingarten Rights, 428
discipline and discharge provisions, collective bargaining agree-ments (CBAs), 437-438
discrimination
Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VII provisions, 137-138Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)
disparate or adverse impact, 130-131disparate treatment, 129perpetuation of past practices, 131
interview questions to avoidage discrimination, 196disability discrimination, 196-197race discrimination, 195-196religious discrimination, 196sex discrimination, 194-195
landmark casesGriggs v. Duke Power (1971), 162McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green (1973), 163McKennon v. Nashville Banner Publishing (1995), 165St. Mary’s Honor Center v. Hicks (1993), 165
disparate or adverse impact, discrimination type, 130-131
disparate treatment, discrimination type, 129
distributive collective bargaining, 426
diversity issues, 58
core knowledge areas
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employees677
divisional organizational structures, 69
documentation
employee records management, 67-68requirements, 45
double breasting picketing, 422
driving history, background checks, 200
drug tests, 199, 486-487
Drug-Free Workplace Act, 1988, 472-473
durations, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 430
Ee-alerts, legislative updates, 118
economic strikes, 421
EEO (Equal Employment Opportunity)
chargescourt remedies, 381-382determinations, 380dismissals, 379handling, 379investigations, 379jurisdictions, 376-377mediation, 379settlements, 379
charging party, 376complainants, 376Fair Employment Practices Agencies (FEPAs), 376plaintiffs, 376respondents, 376
EEO-1 (Employer Information) Reports, 133-134
EEO-3 (Local Union) Reports, 133
EEO-4 (State and Local Government) Reports, 133
EEO-5 (Elementary-Secondary Staff Information) Reports, 133
EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission)
applicant flow data requirements, 135-136charges
court remedies, 381-382determinations, 380handling, 379
website, 222
EEOC v. Waffle House (2002), mandatory arbitration agreements,405
elected officials
contacting, 117-118lobbying, 118
Electrical Hazards Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 469
Elementary-Secondary Staff Information Reports. See EEO-5Reports
Ellerth v. Burlington Northern Industries (1998), landmark sexualharassment case, 166
ELPI (Employment Practices Liability Insurance), 458-459
email, ER/LR communication, 388
Emergency Action Plan Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 468
emergency management, 457-458
employee and labor relations area (PHR/SPHR exam), 29
employee assistance programs (EAPs)
benefits of, 483confidentiality issues, 482elements of, 482
employee participation groups, ER/LR, 391
Employee Polygraph Protection Act (EPPA), 1988, 460
employee referrals
external candidate recruitment, 179-180nontraditional staffing alternatives, 180
Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974, 330
cliff vesting, 331employee protections, 331-333government agency enforcement, 333-334graded vesting, 331
employee surveys, needs analysis/assessment, 233
employees
adult learning processes, 46-47aggression/violence, preventing from ethics standpoint,
113-114communication strategies, 386-388independent contractors versus, 302-303involvement strategies, 388-389
employee participation groups, 391focus groups, 390-391management by walking around (MBWA), 392open-door policies, 392suggestion programs, 392surveys, 389-390
labor unions, maintenance of membership, 435legal actions, reducing exposure to, 72legislation, common law, 398
contract doctrines, 404-406tort doctrines, 399-404
motivation theoriesAdams’s Equity Theory (1963), 51B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning (1957), 48-49Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory (1959), 49-50Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (1954), 47-48McClelland’s Acquired Needs Theory (1961), 50McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y (1960), 50Vroom’s Expectancy Theory (1964), 51
new employeesonboarding, 202-203orientation of, 202-203
Privacy Act of 1974, 137
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progressive discipline, 392-394discussion of problem (coaching), 395involuntary terminations, 397suspensions, 396verbal warning, 396written warning, 396
protected concerted activities, 419-420records management, 67-68recruitment, total compensation programs, 310relations initiatives, measuring success of, 397-398relocation of, 202rights, OSH Act, 1970, 464-465terminations
constructive discharges, 207involuntary, 203-206voluntary, 206
total compensation programs, 312-313training methods, 51-52
employer branding, recruitment, 174
Employer Information Reports. See EEO-1 Reports
employers, OSH Act, 1970
requirements, 466responsibilities, 468rights, 470
employment
agencies, external candidate recruitment, 178-179contracts, 201-202exams
answers, 221-222questions, 215-217
exercises, 212-214, 217-219history, gaps, 28offers
employment contracts, 201-202extending, 200-201relocations, 202
testingAlbemarle Paper. v. Moody (1975), 163personality tests, 198Washington v. Davis (1976), 163
employment-at-will doctrine, 399-400
employment-at-will statements, 184
environmental health hazards (occupational health), 475
environmental scanning, 103-104
equal employment opportunity (EEO)
applicant flow data, 135-136covered individuals, 136discrimination
disparate or adverse impact, 130-131disparate treatment, 129perpetuation of past practices, 131
protected classes, 129reporting requirements, 133-134sexual harassment, 132
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. See EEOC
Equal Pay Act of 1963, compensation provisions, 320
ER/LR (Employee Relations/Labor Relations)
book resources, 451-452common law, 398
contract doctrines, 404-406tort doctrines, 399-404
communication strategies, 386-388EEO (Equal Employment Opportunity), 376-382exams
answers, 449-451questions, 445-447
external considerations, 382-385initatives, measuring success of, 397-398involvement strategies, 388
employee participation groups, 391focus groups, 390-391management by walking around (MBWA), 392open-door policies, 392suggestion programs, 392surveys, 389-390
labor unionscollective bargaining, 424-427collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 427-440deauthorization of, 419decertification of, 419economic strikes, 421federations, 414international, 414-415locals, 413national, 414organizing process, 415-418picketing during strikes, 422-423protected concerted activities, 419-420strikes, 423sympathy strikes, 422unfair labor practice strikes, 421
legislationClayton Act of 1914, 408Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947, 411-412Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of
1959, 413National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, 409National Labor Relations Act of 1935, 409-411Norris-LaGuardia Act of 1932, 409Railway Labor Act of 1926, 408-409Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, 407-408
overview, 374-375
employees
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Executive Order 11478679
progressive discipline, 392-394discussion of problem (coaching), 395involuntary terminations, 397suspensions, 396verbal warning, 396written warning, 396
reviewsanswers to, 448-449questions, 445
website resources, 451-452
escalation of complaints (grievance handling procedures), collec-tive bargaining agreements (CBAs), 439
ethics
business school requirements, 112definition of, 112maintenance
organizational benefits, 113-114prevention of cynicism, 113prevention of employee aggression and violence, 113-114prevention of erosion of trust, 113prevention of policy dysfunction, 113
organizations, cultivating, 114private and public sectors, 112role of human resources in, 112Royal Oaks Post Office shooting, 113
ethics and professional standards (SHRM), 59-60
evaluation phase, strategic planning, 103
evaluation [E] phase (ADDIE), 250
Brinkerhoff’s Stages of Evaluation theory, 252-253Levels of Evaluation theory, 251-252
exams
answering strategies, 17-19assessment exams, 33-34body of knowledge, 14certification versus earned HR certificate, 27GPHR (Global Professional in Human Resources), 31importance of certification, 26learning depths, 9minimum experience, 27personal study plans, developing, 11-12PHR (Professional in Human Resources), 29
candidate qualifications, 30-31design goals, 24ID requirements, 36registeration, 35scoring information, 36-37SPHR exam versus, 30-34test center sites, 36
practice examsAdaptive Mode, 613automatic feedback, 614
CD installation, 614-615Certification Mode, 613creating shortcuts to, 615-616Custom Mode, 613Missed Question Mode, 614Non-Duplicate Mode, 614random questions/answers, 614Study Mode, 613technical support, 616
preparation guidelines, 8-9preparation options
answering strategies, 16classroom courses, 15day of test, 17-19online courses, 15-16online study groups, 16self-study methods, 16study buddy approach, 16
Professional Examination Service (PES), administration of,13
questionsC&B (Compensation and Benefits), 365-367, 370-372core knowledge areas, 76-82employment, 215-217, 221-222ER/LR, 445-451format of, 14-15human resource development (HRD), 292-294, 297-298labor unions, 445-451number of, 14-15occupational health, safety, and security (OHSS), 502organizations, 121-126project management, 121-126risk management, 496-502strategic management, 121-126workforce planning, 215-217, 221-222
reasons for taking, 27-28recertification time period, 27SPHR (Senior Professional in Human Resources), 29
candidate qualifications, 30-31differences with PHR exam, 30
strategic management, amount of coverage, 84study tips
pretesting, 12strategies, 9-11
test-taking tips, 13time limit, 17
executing processes, project management, 94
executive exemptions, 306
Executive Order 11246 (race discrimination), 139-142
Executive Order 11375 (sex discrimination), 140
Executive Order 11478 (age discrimination), 140
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680
Executive Order 13087 (sexual orientation discrimination), 140
Executive Order 13152 (parental status discrimination), 140
exempt status
compensation classification, 304administrative type, 306computer employees, 307creative professional type, 307executive type, 306highly compensated employees, 307learned professional type, 306outside sales employees, 307safe harbor provisions, 308salary basis, 305
non-exempt status versus, 304
exercises
C&B (Compensation and Benefits), 362-364, 367-369core knowledge areas, 74-75, 78-79employment, 212-214, 217-219human resource development (HRD), 289-291, 294-295risk management, 494-495, 498-499workforce planning, 212-214, 217-219
exit interviews, 207-208
Exit Routes Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 468
expectancy, Vroom’s Expectancy Theory (1964), 51
external candidate recruitment
employee referrals, 179-180employment agencies, 178-179sources, 177-178
extinction, B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Theory (1957),48-49
Ffacilitators/instructors, pilot programs, 247
factor comparison, quantitative job evaluation (compensation),322-323
Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACTA), 2003, 461
Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), 1970, 460
Fair Employment Practices Agencies (FEPAs), 376
Fair Labors Standards Act (FLSA), overtime provisions, 35
fair use, copyrighted materials, 227
FairPay (FLSA)
exempt status employees, 305administrative type, 306computer employees, 307creative professional type, 307executive type, 306highly compensated employees, 307
learned professional type, 306outside sales employees, 307
non-exempt status employees, specific desginations, 308
Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993
employeeseligibility, 347requirements, 348
employer requirements, 348serious health conditions, 350-351
Faragher v. City of Boca Raton (1998), landmark sexual harass-ment case, 166
Fayol, Henri
management principles, 91-93organizational activities, 104-106
featherbedding agreements, 411
Federal Mediation and Concilation Service (FMCS), 440
Federal-State Unemployment Insurance Program, 344-345
federations (labor unions), 414
feedback
automatic, practice tests, 614collection, pilot programs, 246-247performance management, BASIC acronym, 275-276
fetal protection policies, chemical health hazards, 479
Fiedler’s Leadership Theory, contingency, 56
field reviews, performance appraisals, 280
financial activities, organizations, 104-106
financial perspective, balanced scorecard system (strategicmanagement), 107
fire fighters, non-exempt designation, 308
Fire Safety Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 468
first-impression biases and errors
interviews, 193performance appraisals, 282
Fishbone diagram, total quality management (TQM) tool, 259
Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs), Section 125 type, 346
FLSA (Fair Labor Standards Act)
child labor provisions, 318-319employees covered under act, 314-315exempt status
computer employees, 307creative professional type, 307executive type, 306highly compensated employees, 307learned professional type, 306non-exempt status versus, 304outside sales employees, 307safe harbor provisions, 308salary basis, 305
FairPay provisions, exempt status, 305
Executive Order 13087
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health maintenance organizations681
minimum wage, 315-317non-exempt status, specification designations, 308overtime compensation
rate of pay calculations, 318workweek hours calculations, 317-318
record-keeping provisions, 319
focus groups
ER/LRconducting, 390-391involvement strategies, 390-391
needs analysis/assessment, 234
food-related issues, training sessions, 269
forced distribution method, performance appraisals, 279
Form 300 (OSH Act, 1970), 466-467
Form 300A (OSH Act, 1970), 467
Form 301 (OSH Act, 1970), 467
foundation phase, strategic planning, 100-101
functional activities, organizations, 69, 104-106
Ggainsharing incentive plans, variable pay compensation, 326
Gamble v. Dollar General Corp, negligent training, 403
gaps in employment, benefits of certification, 28
General Duty Clause-Section 5 (OSH Act, 1970), 464
General Dynamics Land Systems v. Cline (2004), landmark agediscrimination case, 167
Get Them On Your Side, 126
Global Professional in Human Resources. See GPHR (GlobalProfessional in Human Resources)
Golembiewski, R.T., characteristics of organization development(OD), 253
good cause terminations, 401
good faith and fair dealing exception, 401
good faith collective bargaining, 424-425
GPHR (Global Professional in Human Resources), 26, 31
Gratz v. Bollinger (2003), landmark affirmative action case, 166
grievance handling provisions, collective bargaining agreements(CBAs), 437-438
binding arbitration, 439-440escalation of complaint, 439initiation of complaint, 439
Griggs v. Duke Power (1971), landmark discrimination case, 162
Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), landmark affirmative action case, 166
Hhalo biases and errors
interviews, 193performance appraisals, 282
handbooks, ER/LR communication
legal language, 388topics, 386-387
handicapped discrimination, Executive Order 11478 federal workprojects/contractors, 140
harassment (EEO), sexual, 132
Harris v. Forklift Systems (1993), landmark sexual harassmentcase, 165
HCRI (Human Resource Certification Institute), 1
health and wellness programs, 483
health benefits, outsourcing assignments, 42
health hazards (occupational health)
biologicalHepatitis B virus (HBV), 480Hepatitis C virus (HCV), 480HIV/AIDS, 480infectious diseases, 479-480pandemics, 481tuberculosis, 481
chemicalMSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet), 477-479teratogens, 479
environmental, 475physical
design problems, 476-477musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), 476objects and conditions, 475
health insurance, 354
COBRA Act of 1985continuing coverage for former employees, 335qualifying events, 335-336
dental plansmajor restorative care, 356orthodonture, 357preventive care, 356restorative care, 356
HMOs, 355indemnity plans, 355POS plans, 356PPOs, 355prescription drug coverage, 357vision coverage, 357
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996,337-338
health maintenance organizations (HMOs), 355
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682
Hearing Conservation Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 469
Heneman, Herbert, Jr., 23
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), employee protections, 480
Hepatitis C virus (HCV), employee protections, 480
Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory, 53-55
Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory (1959), 49-50
highly compensated exemptions, 307
histograms, total quality management (TQM) tool, 259
HIV/AIDS, employee protections, 480
holiday clause, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 435
Homeland Security Act, 2002, 474
horn biases and errors, interviews, 193
hot cargo agreements, 411
hours worked
collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 432overtime compensation, calculations, 317-318
HR exempt-level status, 35
HR non-exempt level status, 35
HR Scorecard, The, 126
HR Value Proposition, The, 126
HRCI (Human Resources Certification Institute)
certification examsGPHR (Global Professional in Human Resources), 31importance of, 26materials covered, 14minimum experience, 27number of, 26PHR (Professional in Human Resources), 29-30PHR (Professional in Human Resources), candidate qual-
ifications, 30-31PHR (Professional in Human Resources), ID require-
ments, 36PHR (Professional in Human Resources), registering, 35PHR (Professional in Human Resources), scoring infor-
mation, 36-37PHR (Professional in Human Resources), test center
sites, 36reasons for taking, 27reasons for taking, gaps in employment, 28recent graduate provisions, 35recertification time period, 27SPHR (Senior Professional in Human Resources), 29-30SPHR (Senior Professional in Human Resources), candi-
date qualifications, 30-31student provisions, 35
formerly known as AAI (ASPA Accreditation Institute), 24website, test resources, 17
HRD (Human Resource Development), 224
ADDIEanalysis/assessment [A] phase, 229-238design [D] phase, 238-245
development [D] phase, 245evaluation [E] phase, 250-253implementation [I] phase, 245-250
career development, 224, 269definition of, 224exams
answers, 297-298questions, 292-294
exercises, 289-291, 294-295leadership development, 270-272legislation
Copyright Act of 1976, 225-226fair use criteria, 227public domain criteria, 227U.S. Patent Act, 228
organization development (OD), 224change management theories, 256-257characteristics (Golembiewski), 253culture of organization, 255interventions, 257purposes of, 254total quality management (TQM), 257-260
performance managementappraisals, 277-284feedback and documentation, 275-276organizational mission, 273organizational values, 273-274performance appraisal versus, 272standards, setting, 274-275
reviewsanswers, 296-297questions, 291
study strategies, 223training, 224, 260
adult learning (andragogy), 261-262air flow, 268food-related issues, 269learning curves, 263-265learning styles, 262-263noise control, 268retention levels, 265scheduling breaks, 268-269seating configuration, 266-267
HRIS (Human Resource Information System)
function of, 98selection criteria, needs assessment and analysis, 60-61
Human Resource Champions, 126
Hearing Conservation Standard
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interviews683
human resources
development of, 85effectiveness, measuring via
audits, 110break-even analysis, 110cost-benefit analysis, 110primary research, 111return on investment (ROI), 110secondary research, 111
functions, development of, 85future trends, 99Impact Model
catalysts, 88consultation, 87policies and procedures, 86programs and processes, 87
internal consultants, 89Seven Stages of Internal Consulting model (Prescott,
2005), 90role in change management, 94-95stool leg analogy
administrative leg, 88operational and tactical leg, 89strategic leg, 88
II-9 form, U.S. work eligibility, 154-156
ID requirements (exam), 36
illegal aliens, Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986,154-156
illegal subjects, collective bargaining, 425
immersion training preparatory courses, 15
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, 154-156
Impact Model (HT)
catalysts, 88consultation, 87policies and procedures, 86programs and processes, 87
implementation phase, strategic planning
creation of credibility, 103level of commitment from leaders, 102
implementation theory (change management), 256-257
implementation [I] phase (ADDIE), pilot programs, 245
facilitators/instructors, 247feedback collection, 246-247participant dynamics, 248-249presentation clarity, 247-248presentation effectiveness, 248question/answer techniques, 249-250run options, 246
implied contracts
oral, 401written documents/publications, 400
in-house company preparatory courses, 15
incentive plans, variable pay compensation
gainsharing, 326profit sharing, 327short-term, 326
independent contractors versus employees, compensation issues,302-303
indirect compensation, 312
Industrial Relations, role in human resources development, 85
infectious diseases, biological health hazards, 479
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), 480Hepatitis C virus (HCV), 480HIV/AIDS, 480pandemics, 481tuberculosis, 481
initiation processes, project management, 94
initiatives (employee relations), measuring success of, 397-398
installing practice test CD, 614-615
instructional design (ISD), 239
instrumentality, Vroom’s Expectancy Theory (1964), 51
insurance, ELPI, 458-459
integrative collective bargaining, 426
inter/intra personal skills, observing in interviews, 190
interest arbitration, 440
interest-based collective bargaining, 426-427
internal audit and reporting system, affirmative action plans(AAPs), 144-146
internal candidate recruitment
advantages and disadvantages, 176job bidding, 175job postings, 175policy considerations, 176-177replacement charts, 176skill inventories, 175-176
internal consultants, human resource professionals role as, 89-90
International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, labor unionfederation, 414-415
international labor unions, 414-415
interventions, organizational development (OD)
team-building exercises, 257total quality management (TQM), 257-260
interviews, 184
background checks, 199-200behavior-based, 187candidate questions, 189closing stage, 190conducting, 190
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684
directive type, 185intra/inter personal skills, observing, 190legal considerations, 194-197non-directive type, 185non-verbal behaviors, observing, 191note taking, 191one-on-one, 187-188panel, 187-188personal biases, managing, 192-193phone, 186pitching the position, 189pre-employment tests, 198prescreen, 186professionalism, exhibiting, 194questions to ask, 189questions to avoid
age discrimination, 196disability discrimination, 196-197race discrimination, 195-196religious discrimination, 196sex discrimination, 194-195
rapport, 188realistic job previews (RJPs), 198stress, 187structure of, 188Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures
(1978), 152-153
intra/inter personal skills, observing in interviews, 190
introduction stage (organizations), 107-108
invasion of privacy, 402
involuntary terminations, 206
layoffs, 203effect on remaining employees, 205employee criteria, 204role of HR department, 204
progressive discipline, 397
IRS (Internal Revenue Service)
employees versus independent contractors rulings, 303ERISA administrative enforcement, 333-334independent contractors versus employee rulings, 303
Ishikawa, Kaoru, 258
Jjob analysis
conducting, 65-66elements of, 65information gathering process, 65-66
interviews, conducting, 66workforce planning
competencies, 174descriptions, 171-172essential versus non-essential functions, 173specifications, 173
job bidding, internal candidate recruitment, 175
job classification, nonquantitative job evaluation (compensation),321
job descriptions, creating, 66-67
job evaluation
nonquantitative, 321quantitative
factor comparison, 322-323point factor systems, 322
job group analysis, affirmative action plans (AAPs), 143
job offers
employment contracts, 201-202extending, 200-201relocations, 202
job openings, interviews, 184
background checks, 199-200behavior-based, 187candidate questions, 189closing stage, 190conducting, 190directive type, 185intra/inter personal skills, 190legal considerations, 194-197non-directive type, 185non-verbal behaviors, 191note taking, 191one-on-one, 187-188panel, 187-188personal biases, managing, 192-193phone, 186pitching the position, 189pre-employment tests, 198prescreen, 186professionalism, exhibiting, 194questions to ask, 189rapport, 188realistic job previews (RJPs), 198stress, 187structure of, 188
job postings, internal candidate recruitment, 175
job slotting, nonquantitative job evaluation (compensation), 321
job-specific employment applications, 183
interviews
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Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959685
job terminations
constructive discharges, 207involuntary, 203-206voluntary, 206
Johnson v. Santa Clara County Transportation Agency (1987), land-mark affirmative action case, 164
joint resolutions (legislation), 115
Juran, Joseph J., 258
jurisdictions
EEOC charges, 376-377strikes, 412, 423
just cause terminations, 401
K - LKaplan, Dr. Robert, 106
Kirkpatrick’s Levels of Evaluation theory, 251-252
Know Your Responsibilities – Ethics & Fiduciary Duties for HR, 126
knowledge training, training initiatives (ADDIE), 235
Knowles, Malcolm, 261-262
Kolstad v. American Dental Association (1991), landmark civilrights punitive damage case, 166
labor unions
agency shops, 435book resources, 451-452Clayton Act of 1914, 408closed shops, 434collective bargaining
distributive approach, 426good faith, 424-425illegal subjects, 425integrative approach, 426interest-based approach, 426-427permissive subjects, 425required subjects, 425
collective bargaining agreements (CBAs)bumping rights clauses, 432discipline and discharge provisions, 437-438duration of agreements, 430grievance procedures, 438-440holiday clause, 435hours worked clauses, 432layoffs clause, 437leaves of absence clause, 436-437management rights clause, 430-431no strike clauses, 433non-discrimination clauses, 430performance evaluation clause, 437
preambles, 429probation clauses, 431seniority clauses, 431-432sick days clause, 436typical topics, 427-429union dues deductions, 430union security clauses, 434-435vacation clause, 435-436wage rate clauses, 433-434zipper clauses, 434
deauthorization of, 419decertification of, 419due deductions by management, 430dues payments, Beck rights, 435employees, maintenance of membership, 435exams
answers, 449-451questions, 445-447
federations, 414international, 414-415Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947, 411-412Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959,
413locals, 413national, 414National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, 409National Labor Relations Act of 1935, 409-411Norris-LaGuardia Act of 1932, 409open shops, 434organizing process, 415-416
impermissible employer activities, 418impermissible union activities, 418permissible employer activities, 417-418permissible union activities, 417
protected concerted activities, 419-420reviews
answers, 448-449questions, 445
right-to-work states, 412strikes
economic, 421jurisdictional, 423picketing activities, 422-423sympathy, 422unfair labor practices, 421wildcat, 423
union shops, 435website resources, 451-452
Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947, 411-412
Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959, 413
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686
laissez-faire leadership style, 57
Landrum-Griffin Act (Labor-Management Reporting and DisclosureAct of 1959), 413
laws
exam study advice, 127veto process, 116
layoffs, 203
collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 437effect on remaining employees, 205employee criteria, 204role of HR department, 204Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988
provisions, 157-159
leadership
development of, 270-272styles of, 57theories, 52
behavioral type, 53contingency type, 56situational type, 53-55trait type, 53
learned professional exemptions, 306
learning and growth perspective, balanced scorecard system(strategic management), 107
learning curves
negatively accelerating learning curves, 263plateau learning curves, 264-265positively accelerating learning curves, 263S-shaped learning curves, 264
learning methodologies, design [D] phase (ADDIE)
activities, 243case studies, 244demonstrations, 243lectures, 242reading, 243role plays, 244small group discussions, 243
learning styles
auditory learners, 262exam preparation guidelines, 8-9tactile/kinesthetic learners, 263visual learners, 262
leave of absence clause, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs),436-437
lectures, learning methodologies, 242
legal cases
affirmative actionGratz v. Bollinger (2003), 166Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), 166Johnson v. Santa Clara County Transportation Agency
(1987), 164
Martin v. Wilks (1988), 164Regents of California v. Bakke (1978), 163Taxman v. Board of Education of Piscataway (1993), 165United Steelworkers v. Weber (1979), 164
age discrimination, General Dynamics Land Systems v. Cline(2005), 167
civil rights, Kolstad v. American Dental Association (1991),166
discriminationGriggs v. Duke Power (1971), 162McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green (1973), 163McKennon v. Nashville Banner Publishing (1995), 165St. Mary’s Honor Center v. Hicks (1993), 165
employment testsAlbemarle Paper v. Moody (1975), 163Washington v. Davis (1976), 163
sexual harassmentEllerth v. Burlington Northern Industries (1998), 166Faragher v. City of Boca Raton (1998), 166Harris v. Forklift Systems (1993), 165Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson (1986), 164
legal considerations (interviews), managing, 194-197
legal issues, risk management, 72
legislation
bills, hearing and voting process, 115-116C&B (Compensation and Benefits)
COBRA Act of 1985, 335-336Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of
1974, 330-334Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (mandatory
benefit program), 347-351Federal-State Unemployment Insurance Program
(mandatory benefit program), 344-345Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of
1996, 337-338Medicare (mandatory benefit program), 342-344Mental Health Parity Act of 1996, 339Older Worker’s Benefit Protection Act of 1990, 336Retirement Equity Act of 1984, 334Revenue Act of 1978 (optional benefit program), 345-347Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 339-340Social Security (mandatory benefit program), 340-342Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment
Rights Act of 1994 (mandatory benefit program), 351Worker’s Compensation (mandatory benefit program),
340compensation
Davis-Bacon Act of 1931, 314Equal Pay Act of 1963, 320Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, 314-319Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947, 319Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act of 1936, 314
laissez-faire leadership style
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management687
e-alerts, 118elected officials
contacting, 117-118lobbying, 118
EEO (Equal Employment Opportunity)covered individuals, 136discrimination, 129-131harassment, 132protected classes, 129reporting requirements, 133-134
ER/LRClayton Act of 1914, 408Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947, 411-412Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of
1959, 413National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, 409National Labor Relations Act of 1935, 409-411Norris-LaGuardia Act of 1932, 409Railway Labor Act of 1926, 408-409Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, 408Sherman Antitust Act of 1890, 407
exam study advice, 127HRD (Human Resource Development)
Copyright Act of 1976, 225-226fair use criteria, 227public domain criteria, 227U.S. Patent Act, 228
laws, enacting methods, 116risk management
Drug-Free Workplace Act, 1988, 472-473Employee Polygraph Protection Act (EPPA), 1988, 460Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACTA),
2003, 461Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), 1970, 460Homeland Security Act, 2002, 474MSHA (Mine Safety and Health Act), 1977, 472Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act, 1970,
461-472Privacy Act, 1974, 461Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 2002, 474-475USA Patriot Act, 2001, 473
types of, 115workforce planning
affirmative action plans (AAPs), 142-146Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, 146Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 159-161Civil Rights Act of 1991, 161Congressional Accountability Act of 1995, 162Executive Order 11246, 139-142Executive Order 11375, 140Executive Order 11478, 140
Executive Order 13087, 140Executive Order 13152, 140Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, 154-156Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, 150-151Privacy Act of 1974, 137Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 146Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 137-138Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures
(1978), 151-153Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of
1974, 147Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of
1988, 157-159
leniency biases and errors
interviews, 193performance appraisals, 283
Level of Needs Analysis (McGehee and Thayer)
man analysis, 231organizational analysis, 230
Levels of Evaluation theory, evaluation [E] phase (ADDIE), 251-252
Lewin’s change process theory, 256
liability (legal issues), risk exposure, 72
life cycles (organizations)
decline stage, 108development stage, 108introduction stage, 107-108maturity stage, 108
life insurance, 357
lobbying elected officials, 118
Local Union Reports. See EEO-3 Reports
locals (labor unions), 413
Lockout/Tagout Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 469
long-form employment applications, 183
MMachine Guarding Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 469
Mackay Doctrine, economic strikes, 421
macro study approach, 10
man analysis, ADDIE, 231
management
Fayol, Henri, 91principles of, 91-93project management, 57
control factors, 93exam questions/answers, 121-126Project Management Institute (PMI), 93-94review questions/answers, 121, 124
riskavoidance, 456business continuity plans, 457-458
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688
ELPI, 458-459exam questions/answers, 496-502exercises, 494-495, 498-499legal liability, 72legislation, 460-475modification, 456process model, 455-456retention, 457review questions/answers, 496, 500sharing, 457
Management by Objectives (MBO), performance appraisals,280-281
management by walking around (MBWA), ER/LR, 392
management rights clause, collective bargaining agreements(CBAs), 430-431
managerial activities, organizations, 104, 106
Managing Human Resources, 82
mandatory arbitration agreements, contract doctrines (commonlaw), 405
mandatory benefits
Social Security, 340-341Worker’s Compensation, 340
market pricing, compensation data, 323-324
Martin v. Wilks (1988), landmark affirmative action case, 164
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (1954), 47-48
mass layoffs, Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of1988 provisions, 157-159
mathematical forecasts, workforce planning
multiple linear regression, 171ratio analysis, 169simple linear regression, 170simulations, 171trend analysis, 169turnover analysis, 170
matrix organizational structures, 69-70
maturity stage (organizations), 108
McClelland’s Acquired Needs Theory (1961), 50
McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green (1973), landmark discrimina-tion case, 163
McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y (1960), 50
McKennon v. Nashville Banner Publishing (1995), landmarkdiscrimination case, 165
mean method, quantitative analysis, 62
MeasureUp practice tests
Adaptive Mode, 613Certification Mode, 613Custom Mode, 613Missed Question Mode, 614Non-Duplicate Mode, 614shortcuts to, creating, 615-616Study Mode, 613technical support, 616
median method, quantitative analysis, 63
Medical and First Aid Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 468
medical exams (pre-employment tests), 199
medical insurance, 354
dental insurance, 356-357HMOs, 355indemnity plans, 355POS plans, 356PPOs, 355prescription drug coverage, 357vision coverage, 357
Medicare, old age/disability hospital insurance, 342-344
Mental Health Parity Act of 1996, 339
Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson (1986), landmark sexual harass-ment case, 164
micro study approach, 10
military, Uniformed Services Employment and ReemploymentRights Act of 1994, 351
minimum wage, FLSA provisions, 315-317
Missed Question Mode (MeasureUp practice tests), 614
mode method, quantitative analysis, 63
modification (risk management), 456
monopolies, Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, 407-408
mothers, Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, 150-151
motivation theories
Adams’s Equity Theory (1963), 51B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning (1957), 48-49Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory (1959), 49-50Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (1954), 47-48McClelland’s Acquired Needs Theory (1961), 50McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y (1960), 50Vroom’s Expectancy Theory (1964), 51
MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet), chemical health hazards,477-479
MSHA (Mine Safety and Health Act) of 1977, 472
multiple choice questions, 14-15
multiple linear regression, mathematical forecast for workforceplanning, 171
musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), 476
Nnarrative essays, performance appraisals, 279
National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, 409
National Institute for Public Safety and Health (NIOSH), 487
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), 485
National Institutes of Health, 485
National Labor Relations Act of 1935, 409-411
national labor unions, 414
Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act of 2000, 469
needs assessment and analysis, 41
management
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optional benefits programs689
negative correlation, quantitative analysis, 62
negative reinforcement, B.F. Skinner’s Operant ConditioningTheory (1957), 48-49
negatively accelerating learning curves, 263
negligent hiring, 402-403
negligent referral, 404
negligent retention, 404
negligent training, 403
new employees
onboarding, 202-203orientation of, 202-203
newsletters, ER/LR communication, 388
NLRB v. Henry Colder Co. (1990), protected concerted activities,420
NLRB v. Oakes Machine Corp. (1990), protected concerted activi-ties, 420
NLRB v. Weingarten (1975), employee rights at discipline meet-ings, 428
NLRB v. Westmont Plaza (1990), protected concerted activities,420
NLRB v. Wooster Division of Borg-Warner (1958), collectivebargaining issues, 425
no lockout clauses, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 433
no strike clauses, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 433
noise control, training sessions, 268
nominal group technique, non-mathematical forecast for workforceplanning, 168-169
non-compete agreements, contract doctrines (common law),405-406
non-directive interviews, 185
non-discrimination clauses, collective bargaining agreements(CBAs), 430
Non-Duplicate Mode (MeasureUp practice tests), 614
non-exempt status
exempt status versus, 304specific designations, 308
non-mathematical forecasts, workforce planning
Delphi technique, 168management predictions, 168nominal group technique, 168-169
non-verbal behavior, observing in interviews, 191
nonquantitative job evaluation, 321
Norris-LaGuardia Act of 1932, 409
Norton, Dr. David, balanced scorecard system (strategic manage-ment), 106
note taking, interviews, 191
Ooccupational health
chemical use and dependencyeconomic costs, 484-485substance abuse programs, 486-487workplace absences, 484-485
employee assistance programs (EAPs), 482-483exams
answers, 500-502questions, 496-498
exercises, 494-495, 498-499health and wellness programs, 483health hazards
biological, 479-481chemical, 477-479environmental, 475physical, 475-477
reviewsanswers, 500questions, 496
work-related stress, economic costs of, 487-488
offers
employment contracts, 201-202extending, 200-201relocations, 202
offshoring, 96
Ohio State University, behavior management theories, 53
OHSS (Occupational Health, Safety and Security), 502
Older Worker’s Benefit Protection Act of 1990, 336
onboarding, new employees, 202-203
one-on-one interviews, 187-188
online courses, exam preparations, 15-16
online study groups, exam preparations, 16
open shops (unions), 434
open-door policies, ER/LR, 392
Operant Conditioning (B.F. Skinner), 48-49
operational functions, human resources, 89
optional benefits programs
defined benefits plans (retirement), 353defined contribution plans (retirement), 353-354medical insurance, 354
dental insurance, 356-357HMOs, 355indemnity plans, 355point of service plans (POS), 356PPOs, 355prescription drug coverage, 357vision coverage, 357
life insurance, 357
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690
pay for time not worked, 358Simplified Employee Pension Plan (SEP), 354work-life programs, 358
oral contracts (implied), 401
organization (management principle), 92
organization development (OD), 253
change management theories, 256-257characteristics (Golembiewski), 253culture of organization, 255interventions
teambuilding exercises, 257total quality management (TQM), 257-260
purposes of, 254
organizational analysis, ADDIE, 230
Organizational Architecture – Designs for Organizations, 126
organizational challenges surveys, needs analysis/assessment,233
organizational culture, ER/LR, 255
external considerations, 384-385heroes, 384-385hidden power hierarchies, 384-385importance of, 385rites and rituals, 384-385values, 384-385
organizational development
examsanswers, 297-298questions, 292-294
exercises, 289-291, 294-295reviews
answers, 296-297questions, 291
organizations
ethicscultivating, 114maintenance of, 113-114
examsanswers, 125-126questions, 121-123
functional activities, 104-106life cycles, 107-108reviews
answers, 124questions, 121
structures of, 108-109divisional, 69functional, 69matrix, 69-70
organizing unions, step-by-step process, 415-418
orientations, new employees, 202-203
OSH (Occupational Safety and Health) Act, 1970, 461-463
complaint-handling process, 471employee rights, 464-465employers
requirements, 466responsibilities, 468rights, 470
Form 300, 466-467Form 300A, 467Form 301, 467General Duty Clause-Section 5, 464inspections/investigations, 469-471musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), annual economic cost of,
476optional calculations, 467posting/access requirements, 467priorities, 470safety and health management modules
change creation, 489checkups, 489integration, 488payoffs, 488
standards, 468-470violations/penalities, 472website, 502
outside sales employee exemptions, 307
outsourcing, 95
decision process, 96-97strategic, advantages/disadvantages, 42-43third-party contract management, 42
overtime
compensation, FLSA provisions, 317-318exempt HR status, 35Fair Labors Standards Act (FLSA), 35non-exempt HR status, 35
Ppaired comparison method, performance appraisals, 278
pandemics, employee protections, 481
panel interviews, 187-188
Panos, Tony, 270-272
paramedics, non-exempt designation, 308
parental status discrimination, Executive Order 13152, 140
Pareto principle, total quality management (TQM) tool, 260
participant dynamics, presentations, 248-249
passive training, 51-52
patents, U.S. Patent Act, 228
pay for time not worked benefit, 358
pay grades, compensation, 327-329
optional benefits programs
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practice tests691
pay ranges, compensation, 328
payrates, overtime compensation, 318
payroll functions, outsourcing assignments, 42
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), ERISA administra-tive enforcement, 333-334
pensions
Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974,330
cliff vesting, 331Department of Labor administration, 333-334employee protections, 331-333graded vesting, 331IRS administration, 333-334
Retirement Equity Act of 1984, employee protections, 334Simplified Employee Pension Plan (SEP), 354
performance evaluation clause, collective bargaining agreements(CBAs), 437
performance management, 272-273
appraisalsbehavioral anchored rating scales (BARS), 280checklists, 278conducting, 281critical incidents, 279error to avoid, 282-284field reviews, 280forced distribution method, 279narrative essays, 279needs analysis/assessment, 234paired comparison method, 278ranking method, 278rating scales, 277results-based method, 280-281
exams, 292-294exercises, 289-291feedback documentation, 275-276organizational mission, 273organizational values, 273-274reviews, 291standards, setting, 274-275
permanent arbitrators, 440
permanent replacement workers, economic strikes, 421
permissive subjects, collective bargaining, 425
perpetuation of past discrimination (EEO), 131
personal study plans, developing, 11-12
Personnel Department, role in human resources development, 85
phone interviews, 186
PHR (Professional in Human Resources) exam, 24
candidate qualifications, 30-31compensation and benefits area, 29design goals, 24
differences with SPHR exam, 30employee and labor relations area, 29ID requirements, 36registering, 35scoring information, 36-37SPHR exam versus, 29-34strategic management area, 29test center sites, 36workforce planning area, 29
physical health hazards (occupational health)
design problems, 476-477musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), 476objects and conditions, 475
picketing, strikes, 422-423
pilot programs, implementation [I] phase (ADDIE), 245
facilitators/instructors, 247feedback collection, 246-247participant dynamics, 248-249presentation clarity, 247-248presentation effectiveness, 248question/answer techniques, 249run options, 246verbal/nonverbal communication, 250
placement goals, affirmative action plans (AAPs), 143
plaintiffs (EEO), 376
planning (management principle), 92-94
plant patents, 228
plateau learning curves, 264-265
point factor systems, quantitative job evaluation (compensation),322
point of service plans (POS), 356
police, non-exempt designation, 308
policy dysfunction, preventing from ethics standpoint, 113
Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947, compensation provisions, 319
positive correlation, quantitative analysis, 62
positive reinforcement, B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Theory(1957), 48-49
positively accelerating learning curves, 263
post-accident drug tests, 487
Powered Industrial Tools Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 469
PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) Standard (OSH Act, 1970),469
practice tests
automatic feedback, 614CD installation, 614-615MeasureUp
Adaptive Mode, 613Certification Mode, 613creating shortcuts to, 615-616Custom Mode, 613
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692
Missed Question Mode, 614Non-Duplicate Mode, 614Study Mode, 613technical support, 616
random questions/answers, 614
pre-employment tests, 198
drug tests, 486personality tests, 198
pre-promotion drug tests, 487
preambles, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 429
predictive validity, Uniform Guidelines on Employee SelectionProcedures (1978), 153
preferred provider organizations (PPOs), 355
pregnancies, fetal protection policies, 479
Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, 150-151
Premium Only Plans (POPs), Section 125 type, 346
preparations (exam)
answering strategies, 16classroom courses, 15day of test, 17-19online courses, 15-16online study groups, 16self-study methods, 16study buddy approach, 16
prescreen interviews, 186
prescription drug coverage, 357
presentations, pilot programs, 247
participant dynamics, 248-249question/answer techniques, 249verbal/nonverbal communication, 250
pretesting, 12
primary research, measuring human resources effectiveness via,111
Privacy Act of 1974, 137, 461
probation clauses, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 431
Professional Examination Service (PES), exam administration, 13
Professional in Human Resources. See PHR
professions
criteria for (Cornell University-ASPA conference), 24role of certifications, 24
profit sharing incentive plans, variable pay compensation, 327
progressive discipline, 392-394
discussion of problem (coaching), 395involuntary terminations, 397suspensions, 396verbal warning, 396written warning, 396
project management, 57
control factors, 93exams
answers, 125-126questions, 121-123
Project Management Institute (PMI), 93-94reviews
answers, 124questions, 121
protected classes (EEO), 129
public domain, categories of, 227
pull out sheets, applicant flow data, 135
punishment, B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Theory (1957),48-49
Q - Rqualitative analysis, 61-63
quality, project management control factor, 93
quantitative analysis, 61
central tendency measures, 62-63correlation, positive versus negative, 62
quantitative job evaluation
factor comparison, 322-323point factor systems, 322
question/answer techniques (presentations), 249
questions (practice tests)
Missed Question Mode (MeasureUp practice tests), 614random questions, 614
race discrimination
Executive Order 11246, federal work projects/contractors,139-142
interviews, questions to avoid, 195-196
Railway Labor Act of 1926, 408-409
Randi W. v. Muroc Joint Unified School District (1997), negligentreferral, 404
random drug tests, 487
ranking method, performance appraisals, 278
rating scales, performance appraisals, 277
ratio analysis, mathematical forecast for workforce planning, 169
reading, learning methodologies, 243
realistic job previews (RJPs), 198
reasonable cause drug tests, 487
recency biases and errors
interviews, 193performance appraisals, 284
recertification, time periods, 27
recognition, learning depth, 9
practice tests
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risk management693
record-keeping, FLSA provisions, 319
records management, 67-68
recruitment
costs, measuring, 180-181effectiveness, measuring, 180-181employee referrals, 179-180employer branding, 174external
employment agencies, 178-179sources, 177-178
internaladvantages and disadvantages, 176job bidding, 175job postings, 175policy considerations, 176-177replacement charts, 176skill inventories, 175-176
selection criteria, 174-175total compensation programs
attracting potential employees, 310communicating, 313elements of, 312relevant labor market, 310-312
references, background checks, 199-200
Regents of California v. Bakke (1978), landmark affirmative actioncase, 163
registering (PHR exam), eligibility requirements, 35
Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 146
relevant labor markets, total compensation programs, 310-312
religious discrimination, questions to avoid in interviews, 196
relocation (outsourcing), 202
replacement charts, internal candidate recruitment, 176
reporting requirements (EEO), 133-134
requests for proposals (RFPs), developing, 42-43
Respirators Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 469
respondents (EEO), 376
results-based method, performance appraisals, 280-281
resumes
background checks, 199-200fact versus fiction, 181job openings, evaluating, 181-182
retention (risk management), 457
retention levels, training sessions, 265
retirement
401(k) plans (cafeteria plans), 346-347defined benefits plans, 353defined contribution plans, 353-354
retirement benefits, Social Security, 341
Retirement Equity Act of 1984, employee protections, 334
return on investment (ROI)
calculating, 236-238human resources effectiveness, measuring, 110
Revenue Act of 1978
Section 125 plansFlexible Spending Accounts (FSAs), 346Premium Only Plans (POPs), 346reasons to consider, 345
Section 401(k) plan, 346-347
review questions/answers
C&B (Compensation and Benefits), 365, 369-370core knowledge areas, 76, 79-80ER/LR, 445, 448-449human resource development (HRD), 291, 296-297labor unions, 445, 448-449organizations, 121, 124project management, 121, 124risk management, 496, 500strategic management, 121, 124workforce planning, 215, 219-220
RFPs (Requests For Proposals), developing, 42-43
right-to-work states, 412
risk, project management control factor, 93
risk management
avoidance, 456business continuity plans, 457-458ELPI, 458-459exams
answers, 500-502questions, 496-498
exercises, 494-495, 498-499legal liability, 72legislation
Drug-Free Workspace Act, 1988, 472-473Employee Polygraph Protection Act (EPPA), 1988, 460Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACTA),
2003, 461Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), 1970, 460Homeland Security Act, 2002, 474MSHA (Mine Safety and Health Act), 1977, 472OSH (Occupational Safety and Health) Act, 1970,
461-472overview of, 460Privacy Act, 1974, 461Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 2002, 474-475USA Patriot Act, 2001, 473
modification, 456process model, 455-456retention, 457
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694
reviewsanswers, 500questions, 496
sharing, 457
ROI (Return On Investment)
calculating, 236-238human resources effectiveness, measuring, 110
role plays, learning methodologies, 244
room air flow, training sessions, 268
Royal Oaks Post Office shooting, role of ethics, 113
SS-shaped learning curves, 264
safe harbor provisions (FSLA), 308
safety, 488
committees, 489exams
answers, 500-502questions, 496-498
exercises, 494-495, 498-499OSHA module, 488-489reviews
answers, 500questions, 496
safety and security functions, outsourcing assignments, 42
salary basis, exempt status employees, 305
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 339-340, 474-475
scope, project management control factor, 93
scoring information (PHR exam), 36-37
seating configuration, training sessions
boardroom style, 267chevron style, 266classroom/theater style, 266modified restaurant style, 266U-shaped style, 267
secondary boycotts, 411
secondary research, measuring human resources effectiveness,111
Section 125 plans (cafeteria plans)
Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs), 346Premium Only Plans (POPs), 346reasons to consider, 345
security activities, organizations, 104-106
security threats, 488
asset protection, 491internal versus external, 490
selection process
applicationselements of, 183-184evaluating, 181-182
long-form employment applications, 183permissions to verify information, 184short-form employment applications, 183types of, 182
interviews, 184background checks, 199-200candidate questions, 189closing stage, 190conducting, 190directive type, 185intra/inter personal skills, 190legal considerations, 194-197non-directive type, 185non-verbal behaviors, 191note taking, 191one-on-one, 187-188panel, 187-188personal biases, managing, 192-193phone, 186pitching the position, 189pre-employment tests, 198prescreen, 186-187professionalism, exhibiting, 194questions to ask, 189rapport, 188realistic job previews (RJPs), 198stress, 187structure of, 188
self-study methods, exam preparations, 16
Senior Professional in Human Resources. See SPHR (SeniorProfessional in Human Resources)
seniority clauses, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs),431-432
Seven Stages of Internal Consulting model (Prescott, 2005), 90-91
sexual discrimination
Executive Order 11375, federal work projects/contractors,140
interviews, questions to avoid, 194-195
sexual harassment
EEO, 132landmark cases
Ellerth v. Burlington Northern Industries (1998), 166Faragher v. City of Boca Raton (1998), 166Harris v. Forklift Systems (1993), 165Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson (1986), 164
sharing (risk management), 457
Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, 407-408
short-form employment applications, 183
short-term incentive plans, variable pay compensation, 326
shortcuts (MeasureUp practice tests), creating for, 615-616
risk management
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study plans695
SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management)
acronym pronunciation, 24ethics and professional standards
conflicts of interest code, 59ethical leadership code, 59fairness and justice code, 59professional development code, 59professional responsibility code, 59use of information code, 60
membership, 1, 24-25website
membership information, 25non-member access, 25OHSS resources, 502
SHRM Learning System, 15
sick days clause, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 436
similar-to-me biases and errors
interviews, 194performance appraisals, 284
simple linear regression, mathematical forecast for workforceplanning, 170
simple resolutions (legislation), 115
Simplified Employee Pension Plan (SEP), 354
simulations, mathematical forecast for workforce planning, 171
situational theories, leadership
Blake and Mouton’s Situational Leadership Theory, 55Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory, 53-55
skill inventories, internal candidate recruitment, 175-176
skills assessment, needs analysis/assessment, 234
skills training, training initiatives (ADDIE), 235
Skinner, B.F., 48-49
small group discussions, learning methodologies, 243
Social Security
disability benefits, 341mandatory benefit program, 340-341retirement benefits, 341survivor’s benefits, 342
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM). See SHRM
solutions stage, analysis/assessment [A] phase (ADDIE), 236-238
specifications, job analysis (workforce planning), 173
SPHR (Senior Professional in Human Resources) exam, 24
candidate qualifications, 30-31compensation and benefits area, 29differences with PHR exam, 30employee and labor relations area, 29PHR exam versus, 29-34strategic management area, 29workforce planning, 29
St. Mary’s Honor Center v. Hicks (1993), landmark discriminationcase, 165
staff meetings, ER/LR communication, 388
State and Local Government Reports. See EEO-4 Reports
stock option administration, outsourcing assignments, 42
strategic functions, human resources, 88
strategic management
amount of exam coverage, 84balanced scorecard approach, 106-107environmental scanning, 103-104exams
answers, 125-126questions, 121-123
Fayol, Henri, 91principles of, 91-93reviews
answers, 124questions, 121
strategic management area (PHR/SPHR exam), 29
strategic outsourcing, advantages/disadvantages, 42-43
strategic planning
benefits of, 100organization objectives, generation of, 102-103phase 1, foundation establishment, 100-101phase 2, development, 101phase 3, implementation, 102-103phase 4, evaluation, 103
stress
economic costs, 487-488National Institute for Public Safety and Health (NIOSH),
487
Stress At Work, 487-488
stress interviews, 187
strictness biases and errors
interviews, 193performance appraisals, 283
strikes
economic, 421jurisdictional, 412, 423picketing activities
common situs, 422-423double breasting, 422
sympathy, 422unfair labor practices, 421wildcat, 423
structures of organizations, 108-109
study buddy approach, exam preparations, 16
study groups (online), exam preparations, 16
study guidelines, legislative material, 127
Study Mode (MeasureUp practice tests), 613
study plans, developing, 11-12
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696
study tips (exam)
pretesting, 12strategies, 9
active study approach, 10-11macro study approach, 10micro study approach, 10
substance abuse programs, 486-487
suggestion programs, ER/LR involvement strategies, 392
support (technical), MeasureUp practice tests, 616
surveys, ER/LR
conducting, 390involvement strategies, 389-390purpose of, 389
survivor’s benefits, Social Security, 342
suspensions, progressive discipline, 396
SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats)Analysis, strategic planning, 101
sympathy strikes, 422
Ttactical functions, human resources, 89
tactile/kinesthetic learners, 263
Taft-Hartley Act (Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947),411-412
Tallahassee Furniture Co. v. Harrison (1991), negligent hiring, 403
Taxman v. Board of Education of Piscataway (1993), landmark affir-mative action case, 165
team-building exercises, interventions by organizational develop-ment (OD), 257
technical activities, organizations, 104-106
technical support, MeasureUp practice tests, 616
tendonitis, 476
teratogens, chemical health hazards, 479
terminations
constructive discharges, 207exit interviews, 207-208involuntary, 203-206just cause versus good cause, 401layoffs, 203-205turnover analysis, mathematical forecast for workforce plan-
ning, 170voluntary, 206
tests
assessment tests, PHR versus SPHR certification, 33-34practice tests
Adaptive Mode, 613automatic feedback, 614CD installation, 614-615Certification Mode, 613creating shortcuts to, 615-616Custom Mode, 613
Missed Question Mode, 614Non-Duplicate Mode, 614random questions/answers, 614Study Mode, 613technical support, 616
tips for taking, 13
third-party contract management, 42-43
Thomson Prometric Testing Centers, 36
time, project management control factor, 93
tipped employees, minimum wage provisions, 317
Title VII (Civil Rights Act of 1964), employment discrimination,137-138
tort doctrines (common law), 399
defamation, 402employment-at-will, 399-400good faith and fair dealing exception, 401implied contracts, 400-401invasion of privacy, 402negligent hiring, 402-403negligent referral, 404negligent retention, 404negligent training, 403wrongful termination, 400
total compensation programs
attracting and motivating targeted employees, 310communicating, 313elements of, 312objectives of, 309-310relevant labor market, 310-312
total quality management (TQM)
Crosby, Philip B., 258Deming, W. Edwards, 258interventions by organizational development (OD), 257
Fishbone diagram, 259histogram, 259Pareto principle, 260
Ishikawa, Kaoru, 258Juran, Joseph J., 258
training, 260
active, 51-52adult learning (andragogy), 261-262adult learning processes, 46-47air flow, 268food-related issues, 269learning curves, 263-265learning styles, 262-263noise control, 268passive, 51-52retention levels, 265scheduling breaks, 268-269seating configuration, 266-267
study tips
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workforce planning697
training initiatives (ADDIE), 235
trait theories, leadership, 53
transactional leadership style, 57
transformational leadership style, 57
treatment follow-up drug tests, 487
trends
analysis, mathematical forecast for workforce planning, 169environmental scanning (strategic management), 104
trigger finger, 476
trust, maintaining from ethics standpoint, 113
tuberculosis, employee protections, 481
turnover analysis, mathematical forecast for workforce planning,170
U - VU.S. Patent Act, 228
U.S. Supreme Court, employees versus independent contractorsrulings, 302
unemployment, Federal-State Unemployment Insurance Programprovisions, 344-345
unfair labor practice strikes, 421
Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures (1978),151-153
Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of1994, 351
union dues deductions, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs),430
union security clauses, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs),434-435
union shops, 435
unions. See labor unions
United Steelworkers v. Weber (1979), landmark affirmative actioncase, 164
University of Michigan, behavior management theories, 53
USA Patriot Act, 2001, 473
utility patents, 228
utilization analysis, affirmative action plans (AAPs), 143
vacation clause, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 435-436
variable pay, compensation, 325-327
verbal warning, progressive discipline, 396
verbal/nonverbal communication, presentations, 250
Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974, 147
violence/aggression
preventing from ethics standpoint, 113-114Royal Oaks Post Office shooting, role of ethics, 113
vision insurance, 357
visual learners, 262
voluntary terminations, 206-208
Vroom’s Expectancy Theory (1964), 51
Wwage rate clauses, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs),
433-434
Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act of 1935), 409-411
Walking/Working Surfaces Standard (OSH Act, 1970), 468
Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act of 1936, 314
Washington v. Davis (1976), landmark employment test case, 163
websites
Department of Labor, 35, 502Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), 222ER/LR resources, 451-452HRCI, test resources, 17labor union resources, 451-452OSHA.gov, 502Prometric.com, 36SHRM.com, 25, 502
weighted average method, quantitative analysis, 63
weighted employment applications, 183
Weingarten Rights, union rights at disciplinary meetings, 428
whole job ranking, nonquantitative job evaluation (compensation),321
wildcat strikes, 423
word of mouth, ER/LR communication, 388
work history, background checks, 199
work now and grieve later rule, Railway Labor Act of 1926,408-409
work-life programs, 358
work-related stress, economic costs, 487-488
Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988,157-159
Worker’s Compensation, mandatory benefit program, 340
workforce planning
examsanswers to, 221-222questions, 215-217
exercises, 212-214, 217-219interviews, 184
background checks, 199-200behavior-based, 187candidate intra/inter personal skills, 190candidate non-verbal behavior, 191candidate questions, 189closing stage, 190conducting, 190directive type, 185legal considerations, 194-197managing personal biases, 192-193non-directive type, 185note taking, 191one-on-one, 187-188
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panel, 187-188phone, 186pitching the position, 189pre-employment tests, 198prescreen, 186professionalism, exhibiting, 194questions to ask, 189rapport, 188realistic job previews (RJPs), 198stress, 187structure of, 188
job analysiscompetencies, 174descriptions, 171-172essential versus non-essential functions, 173specifications, 173
legal casesAlbemarle Paper. v. Moody (1975), 163Ellerth v. Burlington Northern Industries (1998), 166Faragher v. City of Boca Raton (1998), 166General Dynamics Land Systems v. Cline (2005), 167Gratz v. Bollinger (2003), 166Griggs v. Duke Power (1971), 162Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), 166Harris v. Forklift Systems (1993), 165Johnson v. Santa Clara County Transportation Agency
(1987), 164Kolstad v. American Dental Association (1991), 166Martin v. Wilks (1988), 164McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green (1973), 163McKennon v. Nashville Banner Publishing (1995), 165Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson (1986), 164Regents of California v. Bakke (1978), 163St. Mary’s Honor Center v. Hicks (1993), 165Taxman v. Board of Education of Piscataway (1993), 165United Steelworkers v. Weber (1979), 164Washington v. Davis (1976), 163
legal requirements, 128legislation, 137
affirmative action plans (AAPs), 142-146Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, 146Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 159-161Civil Rights Act of 1991, 161Congressional Accountability Act of 1995, 162Executive Order 11246, 139-142Executive Order 11375, 140Executive Order 11478, 140Executive Order 13152, 140Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, 154-156Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, 150-151Privacy Act of 1974, 137
Rehabiltation Act of 1973, 146Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 137-138Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures
(1978), 151-153Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of
1974, 147Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of
1988, 157-159mathematical forecasting techniques
multiple linear regression, 171ratio analysis, 169simple linear regression, 170simulations, 171trend analysis, 169turnover analysis, 170
non-mathematical forecasting techniquesDelphi technique, 168management predictions, 168nominal group technique, 168-169
recruitmentemployee referrals, 179-180employer branding, 174external, 177-179internal, 175-177measuring cost of, 180-181measuring effectiveness of, 180-181selection criteria, 174-175
reviewsanswers, 219-220questions, 215
selection process, applications, 181-184
workforce planning area (PHR/SPHR exam), 29
workplace
diversity issues, 58motivation theories
Adams’s Equity Theory (1963), 51B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning (1957), 48-49Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory (1959), 49-50Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (1954), 47-48McClelland’s Acquired Needs Theory (1961), 50McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y (1960), 50Vroom’s Expectancy Theory (1964), 51
safetycommittees, 489exam questions/answers, 496-502exercises, 494-495, 498-499OSHA module, 488-489review questions/answers, 496, 500
security threats, 488asset protection, 491internal versus external, 490
workforce planning
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zipper clauses699
written warning, progressive discipline, 396
wrongful termination, 400
X - Y - Zyellow dog contracts, Norris-LaGuardia Act of 1932, 409
zipper clauses, collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), 434
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