(1915) The War and the Jew: A Bird's Eye View

8/9/2019 (1915) The War and the Jew: A Bird's Eye View

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The War and the JewA BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF THE WORLD'SSITUATION AND THE JEWS*

PLACE IN IT

BY THE REV. S. B. ROHOLD, F.R.G.S.Pastor Christian Synagogue, TorontoPresident Hebrew Christian Alliance of America

Asst. Editor "Missionary Review of the World"Missionary Editor "Jewish Era"Introduction by the REV. T. B. KILPATRICK, D.D.

Professor of Systematic Theology,Knox College, Toronto

THE

TORONTOTHE MACMILLAN COMPANY OF CANADA, LIMITED

1915


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Copyright, Canada, 1915By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY OF CANADA, LIMITED.

10G2658


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PREFACEThe author of the following pages

may be truly described as "anHebrew of the Hebrews."He was born in Jerusalem, the son

of a Jewish Rabbi, who was so in-tense a nationalist that he would useno language but Hebrew. Born ofsuch parentage, he maintained, as aChristian, the full fervour of Jewishpatriotism. That love of his own peo-ple, which flamed in the heart of theApostle Paul, has inspired the auth-or's whole Christian life and minis-try, and glows with the utmost ardorin these pages.In the midst of incessant and labor-ious toil, as head of a Hebrew Chris-


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vi PREFACEtian Church, with manifold educa-tional, social, and philanthropicenterprises, he has found time toacquaint himself with the situation ofhis people throughout the World,and especially in those countrieswhich are involved in the presentawful conflict. He has compressedinto a few pages some of the mosttelling facts of that situation. He iswell aware of the feelings, with whichJews are regarded in all the lands oftheir dispersion, ranging all the wayfrom coldness and suspicion to dis-like and bitter enmity. But heproves, and illustrates by abundantevidence, two amazing facts.

First : Jews are among the trustedservants of all the Powers now en-gaged in war.

Second : Jews are loyal to the coun-


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viii PREFACE

but on the bureaucracy, which, in itsharassing of the Jews, as well as inits treatment of the Finns, has beenacting under German instigation.One momentous question, which

arises out of the facts presented tous in these pages, is this : Will the Warissue in the amelioration of the lot ofthe Jews, in those lands, where theyhave lain under suspicion and dis-abilities, where, none the less, theyhave poured out their treasures andtheir lives on behalf even of thosewho have persecuted them?We are prepared to stake our allfor Belgium and for Serbia. Is therenothing to be done to secure for theJew just and equitable treatment ? Itis to ask that question that Mr.Rohold has written these brief butpregnant pages.


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PREFACE ixReaders will note with interest his

treatment of one aspect of the Jewishquestion, viz., the future of Palestine.His suggestion, that it should betaken from Turkish control and con-stituted an independent State underthe suzerainty of Egypt, is deeplyinteresting, in view both of Old Testa-ment prophecy and of modern inter-national politics.

It may be added, as a minor pointof interest, that Mr. Rohold wasbrought up, speaking three langu-ages : Hebrew with his father, Span-ish with his mother, and Arabic withhis playmates. Yiddish is the speechin which his pastoral and missionarywork is done.To these he adds cultivated and

fluent English. He is himself a re-markable instance of the intellectual


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x PREFACE

ability and the force of characterwhich have set so many of his peoplein positions of dignity and trust inevery nation under heaven.

T. B. KlLPATRICK.November 12th, 1915.Knox College,


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CONTENTS1. THE JEW 32. Is THE JEW WANTED? - 73. THE THIRD EXILE - 104. THE WORLD TRAGEDY - - - - 115. Is THE JEW PAYING His FAIR SHARE? 146. GREAT BRITAIN - 187. FRANCE 248. BELGIUM 259. ITALY - - - - 26

10.. GERMANY 2911. AUSTRIA-HUNGARY 3312. THE INTEREST OF ELEVEN NATIONS

ENTRUSTED TO A JEW - - - .3413. RUSSIA 4314. ZIONISM 6615. ZION MULE REGIMENT - - - - 7016. NET RESULTS 7417. SCAPEGOAT 7618. PALESTINE 7719. HAS ISRAEL'S SORROW ENDED? - - 9320. THE SUN ROSE UPON HIM ... 95


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ILLUSTRATIONSOpposite Page

NOT WANTED ... - FrontispieceLORD READING 19HENRY MORGANTHAU 34LIEUTENANT FRANK DE PASS - - 51DR. MOSEI NAHUM 66


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TO ENGLANDBy An Alien-Born.

Thou art not my step-mother, England,My Sister of Mercy thou art,Who healed with a balsam of FreedomThe sore of a wanderer's heart.

I had not a mother-land, England,The land that had given me birthDenied to my wandering PeopleA haven of rest on God's earth.

In childhood I learned to love thee,Thy name was a legend to me :

I dreamt of a distant great island,Where men can be strong, yet be free.And I whom the clatter of fettersHad deafened in childhood and youth,I bless thee for giving me refugeAnd faith in the triumph of truth.Thou art not my step-mother, England,My Sister of Mercy thou art,And now in the hour of your trial

I feel your true brother at heart.P. M. RASKIN.Jewish Chronicle, July 2, 1915.


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"Tribes of the wandering foot and wearybreast,How shall ye flee away, and be at rest!The wild dove hath her nest, the fox his cave,

Mankind their country, Israel but the grave."Byron.


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The War and The JewTHE JEW

And Jacob -was left alone. Genesis xxii : 24.

The vivid Biblical narrative of the" first Israelite", is a divinely-truelife-picture of the ever-burning bushand history's riddle, the weather-tossed individual, who floats like oilon the surface of all peoples. Notonly is this Biblical history, a truelife-description of the Patriarch tobe typically realized by his posterity,but it is the very life-long experience,in its minutest detail, of Israel as a


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4 THE WAR AND THE JEWnation since the days of Jacob up tothis very day in which we live. Thedivine Word of God is here telling usthe very future of this people.What a faithfully true descriptionis here given us, of a masterly, clever,resourceful, and in many ways, amost successful man! He tells us:"With my staff I passed over thisJordan, and now I am become twobands." He would be considered to-day a very wealthy man indeed. Heis also a very religious man, knowsGod, acknowledges His faithfulness,and records the results of the manyblessings which God had graciouslybestowed upon him. Now we beholdthis masterful man desperately afraidof his own brother, and in his desper-ation he resorts to all kinds of strata-gems and humiliation to connive a


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THE JEW 5plan to appease the anger of hisbrother. He sends a costly presentto * 'my lord Esau ' \ But, oh, all thesemasterful resources are of no avail,and we see here poor broken-downJacob left alone, in utter darkness.In his loneliness he finds himself ina fearful combat, wrestling with amysterious person and being wound-ed. There comes a great awakening,and he realizes that he is at war, notwith a mere man, but with God, andthat it was God Who had given himthis new name "Israel." This newexperience changes his heart andwhole life, and to witness of his newfaith he calls "the name of the placePenuel ; for I have seen God face toface." It is at this very point that"The sun rose upon him." All hisfears left him.


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IS THE JEW WANTED? 7of Israel have awakened and recog-nized that the "Man of Sorrows" isnone other than their long-rejectedMessiah, their only Hope and King;and cry out "Blessed is He thatcometh in the name of Jehovah",the "Sun" will rise upon them andall sorrows and sadness will flee away.

Is THE JEW WANTED ?In one of the leading Jewish papersappeared a sketch of a Patriarchal,venerable Jew, holding in his handthe Globe of the Universe, earnestlysearching to find a place where he iswanted, but he cannot find a spot onit. He begins to go over them byname: "Russia, I am not wantedthere Germany, not wanted thereRoumania, not wanted thereFrance, not wanted there England ;


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8 THE WAR AND THE JEWCanada the United States, Pales-tine, I am not wanted there, and ex-claims: "This is a large, beautifulworld, but no place for me!''Let us be frank. It is our duty to

be frank and honest as we considerthe position and place the Jew isoccupying in the world, and learn ifhe is wanted anywhere. This awful,bloody, titanic struggle of the greatnations of the earth for supremacy,demands that everyone should be per-fectly frank and absolutely honest.Let us consider this question Is theJew wanted ? Well, the Jew may betolerated, but not wanted. In what-ever condition he is living, whetherOrthodox, Reformed, Radical, orChristian, he may be tolerated, buthe is not wanted ; yet at the same timesought after. It is most remarkable


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IS THE JEW WANTED? 9that this Jew who cannot find a placeon the globe, should at the same timebe so amazingly sought after by allthe nations at this present time,especially by the warring nations.And what an amazing role he is play-ing in this life and death struggle ofthe nations! Students of prophecymust ponder over him politicians,financiers, and military experts mustall carefully consider him. Yes, heis being already talked over, dreaded,honoured, and flattered ; and yet, likeJacob of old, "he is left alone", andin his fearful loneliness desperationand fear face him everywhere. Andin this sad, dark condition, like thePatriarch of old, he is paying a veryhigh price trying to buy himselfinto the good graces of his brotherEsau, forgetting that Israel is a


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10 THE WAR AND THE JEWPrince and should not stoop to suchdegrading humiliations.

THE THIRD EXILEA name, or a day, yea even a cer-

tain hour, bears some particular sym-bolic meaning to the Jew ; and it wasof sad significance that this greatwar was declared on Britain and herAllies, on the saddest and darkest dayin Israel's history, for it was the 9thof Ab, the anniversary of the destruc-tion of the Temple in Jerusalem.Twice, on the very same day, but atdifferent periods, fire was set to theTemple in Jerusalem, and the peopleled into captivity, the first by Nebuc-hadnezzar, the Babylonion; and thesecond by Titus, the Roman. Bystrange coincidence, while the Jewishpeople were fasting and sitting on the


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THE WORLD TRAGEDY 11bare floors of their Synagogues, recit-ing the Lamentations of Jeremiah,and other sad odes, wailingly com-memorating that mournful event, warwas declared by the nations of theearth, and thus ushered in the ThirdExile. And, oh, this Third Exile ofthe Fourth of August, 1914, is perhapsvaster in its fierceness than the firstand second captivities, for it hasbrought greater sorrows and suffer-ings to a larger number of the "Wan-dering feet and weary breast".

THE WORLD TRAGEDY.What an inhuman tragedy is being

enacted before our very eyes! Wesee the Jewries of the |world convulsedwith trials and sufferings, such aseven they cannot parellel in theirlong-drawn annals. Scattered


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12 THE WAR AND THE JEWthroughout the world, massed in un-due numbers in the very crater ofthe world-war, they are passing inreal truth, through the "valley of theshadow", and are stumbling in itsbrooding darkness. Old problems,old difficulties and sorrows haveevaporated, in the one overpoweringagony of an unprecendented conflict.The world-struggle is searching the

very vitals of the race, stirring itsenergies, revolutionizing its life andtransforming its outlook. Five hun-dred and fifty thousand gallant sol-diers at war in an internecine con-test, as far as they are concerned.Jew is engaged in mortal combatwith Jew. Jewry is driven intomutual enmity and hate imposed bythe warring nationalities. Four mil-lions of them, men, women, and chil-


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THE WORLD TRAGEDY 13dren, of all ages; strong, weak,healthy, and sick, in full flight, haunt-ed by the thundering cannon, into thewasted roads, marshy fields, bogs, andwild forests ; disorganized, terrorized,abandoning land, stock, treasures,and all the chords of a home, in orderto save their bare lives. Hunger andstarvation meet them everywhere,and as they pass through the "Valleyof Shadows'' new horrors overtakethem every hour. The very life islost in the attempt to save it. No"Promised Land" in sight. " All hopeabandoned there ! ' ' Our hearts breakas we gaze at this horror-full, grim,and continuously moving panoramaof Israel's bitter and tragic flight.Yes, Israel, the "world tragedy",may well cry aloud, "Is it nothing toyou, all ye, that pass by? behold, and


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14 THE WAR AND THE JEWsee if there be any sorrow like untomy sorrow." (Lam. 1:12.)Is THE JEW PAYING His FAIR SHARE ?

It would be very helpful for us totake a full retrospect of the contribu-tion the Jew is making to this world-conflict. We must confess, that atthe beginning of our study and exam-ination into this bloody struggle, en-deavouring to learn the true positionthe Jew is occupying and the correctrole he is playing in this world-dramaof frightfulness, we were amazed,hardly believing our own eyes. Wefound the Jew imperishable as ever,strenuously leading in all the episodesof the war; in its politics, in itseconomy, in its finances, in its organ-izations, in its supplies, in its armies,and all its horrors; paying a very


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THE JEW'S SHARE 15high price gloriously to the best tra-ditions of the race.The Jew, living among the nations,

derives benefits from the governmentsand all their institutions, and it isbut right that he should pay in fullfor the privileges he enjoys. It isgood for us to see things as they reallyare. With all our boastful twentiethcentury enlightenment and generousliberality, the Jew is still looked uponas "a strasger within our gates",and thus, he is only " tolerated", andtherefore something extra is expectedfrom him. The populace who nevertake the trouble to think, but believeall that is told them, have alreadybeen asking "What is the Jew do-ing?" Our heart often failed us,when reading epistles on the questionin the daily press, and we asked, is


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18 THE WAR AND THE JEWthe nations of the earth should betrusting to such machinery.

GREAT BRITAINWe find that when the German

Chancellor lost his temper and de-clared that treaties were mere scrapsof paper, he was speaking to Sir E.Goshen, G.C.B., British Ambassadorto Germany. His father was a poorPolish Jew, who came over to Lon-don, England, and who tells us thathe wanted to become a clerk in abank, but they would not take himbecause his handwriting was bad. Hesought to become a partner in thebank, but he had no money, so heopened a bank himself. He becameViscount Goshen, Member of thePrivy Council, and at one time FirstLord of the Admiralty, and his son


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LORD READING


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GREAT BRITAIN 19as the representative of the GreatBritish Empire at the German Court,had to stand up for the honour ofGreat Britain, and he did it to theutmost satisfaction of his Sovereignand country.The number of Jews in the BritishIsles, according to the Jewish Worldof September 29, 1915, is 245,000,and the Jewish senior Chaplain tellsus that 16,000 Jews have joined theranks and have amazed everyone bytheir valour, resourcefulness, andheroism, while hundreds have securedmedals, three of them having securedthe most coveted honour, that of theVictoria Cross. We find that five ofthem are holding positions in theBritish Cabinet. One has becomeLord Chief Justice, five are in theHouse of Lords, six are Privy Coun-


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20 THE WAR AND THE JEWcillors, sixteen are Baronets, fourteenare Knights, and there are eighteenMembers of Parliament. To keepIreland in order they had to put aJew, Sir Matthew Nathan, in asSecretary. A handful of Jews yetmonopolize such important Govern-mental positions. Is this the Jew whois not wanted? Evidently the lead-ing authorities in Great Britain de-light to praise and flatter him.There is a day in British politics

that is a pre-eminent day, a day onwhich the Prime Minister and theCabinet Ministers usually make greatspeeches at the Mansion House, whichis known as the Lord Mayor's Day;and on that great day in November,1914, just after the war was started,the Prime Minister, in making hisgreat political and momentous speech


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GREAT BRITAIN 21and speaking of British finances andhow they were being managed, re-ferring to the remarkable success thathad attended the arrangements madeby the Government in connectionwith the financial measures taken inconsequence of the war, went out ofhis way to make the following eulogyin praise of a Jew :

"I desire in that connection to mention twonames, and two names only, because they arethe names of men who are entirely outsidethe current of our political controversies. Thefirst is that of my noble and learned friend,Lord Reading, the Lord Chief Justice ofEngland, without whom, as the Chancellorof the Exchequer would tell you, these satis-factory arrangements could not possibly havebeen made. He has devoted three months ofvaluable time day by day to assisting theGovernment in the prosecution and com-pletion of their plans. The other name isthat of the Governor of the Bank of Eng-land, Mr, Walter Gunliffe,"


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22 THE WAR AND THE JEWWho is this Lord Chief Justice?

Not long ago he was plain Mr. Isaacs.His father may have been a poor Jew,but now the Prime Minister of allthe Britains delights to honour him.and he is being hailed as a "Britishlion".

To-day, Britain, France, and Rus-sia send across a commission to NewYork to secure a large loan a colossalloan of billions and who is the headof the commission? "Mr. Isaacs!"But all the papers call him LordReading, G.C.B., K.C.V.O., and he isknown as the Lord Chief Justice anda Privy Councillor of the British Em-pire, and being enshrouded with allthe other honours, ' ' Isaacs ' ' sinks intooblivion, and the original personalityis unrecognizable. Nevertheless, it isthis noble Jew, Mr. Isaacs, who is the


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GREAT BRITAIN 23actual head of the commission, andwho is handling the finances of theAllied warring nations.Some have the notion that the Jew

will be the ultimate force in bringingto an end this titanic struggle, and thebalance of favour will come to thosenations with whom the best of theJewry will throw in their lot. If thismay actually come to pass or not, wewould not venture to prophesy.The Eight Hon. David Lloyd

George told the world at the begin-ning of the war, that the nation whichcould hold on and produce the lastfew hundred millions, when all theothers have been depleted of theirtreasures, will be the masters.And what do we see here? Thehead of the Allies' Financial Com-mission is a Jew, who undoubtedly


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24 THE WAR AND THE JEWloves Britain and he would gladlygive his very life for her. Now, whois his great opponent ? Mr. Jacob H.Schiff, the great financier, who equal-ly loves Germany. And the worldwitnessed a great battle between thetwo Jews. And the result was thatthe Right Hon. Lord Reading, theBritish-Jewish-Lion, came out vic-torious over the one-headed German-Jewish-Black-Eagle, and thus secureda loan in the United States for Bri-tain and her Allies of Five HundredMillions.

FRANCEThe total Jewish population ofFrance is a little over 100,000. Be-

fore the war, in the regular armythere were eight Generals, fourteenColonels, twenty-one Lieutenants,


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BELGIUM 25sixty-eight Majors, and one hundredand seven Captains; but now over10,000 are in the ranks, and are doinggallant work on land, sea, and air.General Heymans is in charge of oneArmy Corps. Five Jews are holdingimportant positions in the Cabinet.The Rothschilds of France, feelingthat their country has been outraged,and to record their patriotism, havereturned to the Austrian Emperorthe title of nobility which his ances-tor, a century ago, had bestowed uponthem.

BELGIUMThis heroic little nation that has

suffered, and is suffering, so muchfrom the ravages of this war, shelters15,000 Jews, where they were emanci-pated in 1815. The relation of Bel-


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26 THE WAR AND THE JEWgium to Great Britain at this time isof utmost importance, in fact, itmeans life and death to her. Thefuture of Belgium depends on theAllies, and she needs at this time thebest possible man to represent her inGreat Britain a man who is not onlyloyal and has an absolute love for hiscountry, but a strong man with brainsand character. And the man theKing of the Belgians chose as hisAmbassador to the Court of St.James, London, is a Jew M.Hymans ! The first man to be takenas a hostage by the Germans, whenentering Antwerp, was a Rothschild.

ITALYIt was not till 1870, that the Jews

were actually emancipated, and yetthey have not only made rapid strides,


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28 THE WAR AND THE JEWhad to return to Germany with hisItalian wife, a complete failure, andfell into disfavour with the impetuousKaiser !For the moment the most con-

spicuous man in Italy is M. SalvatoreBarzilai, whom King Victor Em-manuel appointed as a Cabinet Min-ister. Mr. Will J. Guard, Rome cor-respondent of the New York Sun,July 19th, 1915, gives a vivid accountof the new Minister, and of the en-thusiasm prevailing all over Italy.While the Jew is hated and not want-ed, Italy is wild with joy over thenewly-found hope. He tells us:"Managing to pass the gate to SignorBarzilai 's garden, I succeeded inmeeting with him for a few minutes,surrounded by personal and politicalfriends. . . . The procession ar-


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GERMANY 29rived. The streets were packed withpeople, shouting and cheering, whilea band played the Garibaldi. It wastime for Barzilai to show himself onthe balcony. When the new Ministerdid appear there was a great outburstof Latin enthusiasm." One wondersif this Italian idol did realize thathe belongs to a people that are "notwanted "! General Otholenghi, lateMinister of War and newly-madeSenator, is the idol of the army.Senator Ludovico Mortara has justnow become President of the Courtof Cassation, a position equivalent tothat of the Lord Chief Justice inEngland.

GERMANYThe 615,000 Jews of Germany have

not yet been fully emancipated ; they


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30 THE WAR AND THE JEWare still fighting for equality and theremoval of certain disabilities. Theprevailing anti-semitism, with all itsnefarious propagandas, could notstem the tide of the onrushing pro-gress of the Jew in Germany. In fact,since the war was started, not onlywere some leading anti-semitic paperssuppressed, but some of its leadersprofessed conversion in favour of theJew on account of their loyalty for-sooth !German Jews have fully contri-

buted their share towards that re-markable display of efficiency, bothmilitary and economic, which hasastounded the world. In every branchof the social and political life of Ger-many the Jew has left his mark.Karl Marx laid down the scientificfoundations of socialism, and Ferdin-


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GERMANY 31and Lassalle founded the GermanSocial Democratic party, and its lead-ers up to the present head, HugoHasse, were all Jews. The head ofthe Revisionist party is EdwardBernstein, who on account of hisanti-war view, is an exile in Switzer-land. What an irony, that the onlyman who dared to defy the Kaiserin the Reichstag, and vote openlyagainst the German war loan, andwas not beheaded, was Herr Lieb-knecht, a Jew ! Germany, seeing thather popularity in the United Statesis on the wane, chose the man whomshe thought could best possibly attainthe unattainable, and sent her Col-onial Secretary, Dr. Bernhard VonDernburg, as special Ambassador;and this poor Jewish Ambassadormade a tragic, heroic effort to white-wash his Kaiser !


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32 THE WAR AND THE JEWThe secret of what success there

has been up till now in the Germanarmies lies in their wonderful organ-ization of transportation. To pickup an army of 500,000 or 1,000,000and transplant them from one sceneof war to another the importance ofand the responsibility of the personin charge is immense. He must notonly be most capable, and with thebest possible brain power, but he mustbe absolutely trusted. And the onlyman the German Emperor could findwas a Jew. To Herr Arthur Ballinthe Kaiser entrusted the generalmanagement of all the German rail-ways, and he is personally in chargeof the transportation of all the Ger-man troops. He has already receivedthe highest grade of the Iron Cross.This all-important position of con-


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AUSTRIA-HUNGARY 33fidence, trust and honour bestowedupon a Jew, has been galling to theanti-semites. But this Jew, who isnot wanted, is most desirable now.Iron crosses have been lavishedgalore on the German Jewish soldiers.The latest record brings it up to 3,167Iron Crosses.

AUSTRIA-HUNGARYThe census of 1910 tells us that

Austria shelters 1,313,687 Jews, andHungary 932,416. While there arestill many disabilities, and Germananti-semitism has been rampant, yetin the army they have equal rights.Before the war there was one FieldMarshal, Von Schweitzer, anotherhas been added by the promotion ofAdolph Kornhaber Von Pilis; sixGenerals, seventeen Colonels, fifteen


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34 THE WAR AND THE JEWLieutenant-Colonels, fort y-e i g h tMajors, and two hundred and elevenother officers. It is estimated thatsince the war 180,000 Jews have join-ed the ranks. Dr. Victor Adler isthe leader of the Democratic party.THE INTEREST OF ELEVEN NATIONS

ENTRUSTED TO A JEWTo be an Ambassador at the Turk-

ish Court, and to look after the inter-ests of one country, is enough to taxthe energies of any man. The posi-tion of Turkey is so precarious thatan Ambassador has very peculiar andvery delicate duties to perform evenin time of peace. The four or fivehundred General Consuls, Consuls,and Vice-Consuls, and Dragomanshave their hands more than full tolook after the interest of their own


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HENRY MORGANTHAU


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THE TRUST OF THE NATIONS 35country's subjects, and the troublethey get into daily; for the Consulmust act as a judge, valuator of taxes,decide marriage and divorce ques-tions, be a peace-maker and a mili-tary expert at the same time. Hemust also possess a brazen audacity,combined with a restraining politic,dignified tact. A Consul may onceor twice a week have to protest to awily Pasha, threaten a Governor, orwarn a Chief of Police. He must re-port minutely to the Ambassador atConstantinople, who must not onlydeal very carefully with these reportsand issue orders, but also keep hisGovernment minutely and correctlyinformed. There are often emer-gencies in a Turkish country, and theAmbassador must be alert, resource-ful, and ready for the occasion. That


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36 THE WAR AND THE JEWis in time of peace and to representone country adequately, keeps theAmbassador alive; time of war isquite a different matter ; it is only thebest trained men that are able to en-dure it for any length of time. Buthere we have something unpreced-ented, a thing inconceivable oneAmbassador to take charge of andlook after the interest of ten nations,besides that of his own, and at sucha fearfully critical time in the world'shistory. Here is actually one man towhose hands have been entrusted thelives, property and interests of elevennations within the Turkish Empire.The Honourable Mr. Henry Morgen-thau, the "United States' Ambassadorat Constantinople, has for the lastfifteen months been bearing a super-human strain which is most remark-


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THE TRUST OF THE NATIONS 37able, as it is at the same time mostcommendable.The Honourable Henry Morgen-

thau is a Jew who arrived in UnitedStates when three years of age, andhe had no military or political train-ing, but became a very successful,leading business man, and he has beenfound worthy to be chosen as an Am-bassador for his adopted country, inthe capital of Turkey. To the handsof this emigrant Jew the interests ofall these nations have been entrusted.He is practically responsible for thelives, property, and interests of GreatBritain, France, Russia, Belgium,Serbia, Montenegro, Switzerland,Denmark, Argentine Republic, Italy,and the United States, within theTurkish Empire. And he has donehis work so well that he has received


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38 THE WAR AND THE JEWthe praise and gratitude of all thesecountries. Sir Louis Mallett, theBritish Ambassador, is full of praise,and in his despatch he openly declar-ed his gratitude :

"It would be impossible to exaggerate theassistance which I have received from Mr.Morgenthau, the United States Ambassador(says the late British Ambassador). Duringthe last two days especially the difficultiesarising out of the abnormality of the situa-tion would have been immeasurably greaterhad it not been for his invaluable help andhis untiring efforts on behalf of myself andmy staff. We are heavily indebted not onlyto Mr. Morgenthau himself, but to everymember of the United States Embassy. It isentirely owing to their exertions that theBritish and French subjects who were de-tained at the station on the night of my de-parture were allowed to leave on the follow-ing evening."The last British diplomat to leave

Constantinople was Sir Edward


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40 THE WAR AND THE JEWfrom individual leading politiciansof the day, but the British Parlia-ment openly owns its gratitude tothis Jewish Ambassador, and in-structs the British Ambassador atWashington, Sir Cecil Spring-Rice,to convey its thanks to the AmericanGovernment, requesting that the fol-lowing letter of thanks should be for-warded to the Hon. Henry Morgen-thau :

"His Majesty's Principal Secretary ofState for Foreign Affairs has received a tele-gram from Athens from His Majesty's lateAmbassador at Constantinople, in which herequests that an expression of his warmacknowledgement of the great services ren-dered by the United States Ambassador atConstantinople to him and to the Britishcommunity during the past few days shouldbe conveyed to Mr. Morgenthau. No word,Sir Louis Mallett says, can express his senseof indebtedness to Mr. Morgenthau and tohis staff. His Excellency accompanied Sir


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THE TRUST OF THE NATIONS 41L. Mallett to the station, greatly assisting hisdeparture, and that of his staff, and it wasentirely owing to his exertions that a largeparty of British subjects, who were preventedfrom leaving on the night of his departure,were allowed to go on the following day.

"I have the honour, under instructions fromSir E. Grey, to request you to be so good asto convey to Mr. Morgenthau the deep grati-tude and warm appreciation of His Majesty'sGovernment for the friendly and invaluableassistance rendered by him, and at the sametime, Sir E. Grey desires to express his ownpersonal thanks to His Excellency for thehelp accorded by him to Sir L. Mallett."The Missionary Review of tJie

World for October, 1915, tells of theawful, precarious, and critical condi-tion in which the poor Armeniansfound themselves in Turkey, and con-cludes :

"So critical is the situation that Mr. Mor-genthau, the American Ambassador at Con-stantinople, is heroically and almost single-


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42 THE WAR AND THE JEWhandedly fighting to prevent a wholesaleslaughter of the poor Armenians."And from the Mail of October 2,

1915, we learn that AmbassadorMorgenthau, realizing that his effortsto save the poor Armenians from be-ing completely annihilated might befrustrated at any time by the enragedTurk, is appealing for $5,000,000 totransplant the Armenians that arestill alive, to the United States, offer-ing to supply $1,000,000 himself.

Is this not a most inconceivable aswell as a most wonderful irony of fate !While the Jew as a nation is stampedas "not wanted", yet they are notonly sought after, but the most im-portant and most delicate, as well asthe most trusted positions are com-mitted to their care! And here is anoble Jew straining every nerve to


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RUSSIA 43save the lives of the poor ArmenianChristians within the Turkish Em-pire, and at the same time he cannotprotect the lives of his own peoplewithin a Christian land.

RUSSIAIt is here that the burning-bush is

blazing with the utmost intensity ofpain, and apparently without theslightest hope of deliverance.

Since 1881, when the new MayLaws came into force, with the en-deavour of the Russian authorities tointerpret rigidly their meaning andcarry them out to the very letter,they expelled the poor Jews from allvillages and holy cities, thus over-crowding the already overcrowdedJewish Ghettos within the Pale Set-tlement. When all the universities


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44 THE WAR AND THE JEWand schools for higher educationwere closed to the Jew; when shameand degradation were imposed on theJewish manhood and womanhood ofdark Russia, the Jew realized thehopelessness of his existence andthought that he could save himselfby taking hold of a straw. The large-hearted millionaire, Baron deHirsh,laid on the altar his whole fortune of15,000,000 to transplant the Jewish

people from Russia to a place ofsafety, and other Jewish philan-thropists united with him in thisnewly-found hope. Their efforts wereso successful that in twelve years(1899-1913) they stimulated an emi-gration to America alone of 1,347,599Jews ; and at least 500,000 settled inGreat Britain, Palestine, and manyparts of Europe.


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46 THE WAR AND THE JEW

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(1915) The War and the Jew: A Bird's Eye View

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