GOVERNMENT OF NORTHERN !IRELAND CENSUS OF POPULATION OF NORTHERN IRELAND 1937 GENERAL SUMMARY Printed and Presented pursuant to the prov1s1ons of 26 Geo. 5 and 1 Edw. 8, Chap. 25 BELFAST: PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE ON BEHA.LF OF THE GOVERNMENT OF NORTHERN IRELA.ND To be purchased directly from H.M. Stationery Office at the following addresses 80 CHICHESTER STREET, BELFAST; York House, Kingsway, London, W.C.2; 120 George Street, Edinburgh 2 26 York Street, Manchester 1 ; 1 St. Andrew's Crescent, Cardiff or through any bookseller · 1940 Price 2s. Od. net.
Transcript
GOVERNMENT OF NORTHERN !IRELAND
CENSUS OF POPULATION
OF NORTHERN IRELAND
1937
GENERAL SUMMARY
Printed and Presented pursuant to the prov1s1ons of
26 Geo. 5 and 1 Edw. 8, Chap. 25
BELFAST:
PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE ON BEHA.LF OF THE GOVERNMENT OF NORTHERN IRELA.ND
To be purchased directly from H.M. Stationery Office at the following addresses 80 CHICHESTER STREET, BELFAST;
York House, Kingsway, London, W.C.2; 120 George Street, Edinburgh 2 26 York Street, Manchester 1 ; 1 St. Andrew's Crescent, Cardiff
or through any bookseller ·
1940
Price 2s. Od. net.
ii
PREFACE
In order to bridge the gap between the census of 1926 and the census which it was intended to take in 1941, a census of more limited scope (e.g., omitting questions regarding occupation and industry) was taken in 1937. The returns were made as at midnight of 28th February-1st March, 1937, and a Preliminary Report, containing population and other tables, was issued in July of that year. This was followed in 1938 by seven County volumes, including one for Belfast County Borough, each similar in design and scope.
It was intended to publish in 1939 a General Report for the whole of Northern Ireland, containing statistical notes on the recorded results, together with tables covering, in more detail, the figures given in the County volumes. Most of the tables were duly prepared, but the remaind~r of the work had to be postponed indefinitely owing to the outbreak of war. Further, the present paper shortage renders the immediate production of a lengthy volume undesirable.
It has accordingly been decided to issue a brief booklet containing the more important tables only, and omitting the usual notes and comments. The general conclusions to be drawn from the results of the census will be found in the County volumes already published. After the close of hostilities, the question of issuing a final volume-unless a ne\v census is then in preparation--will be considered.
The present volume accordingly contains summarised statistics covering the whole of Northern Ireland and superseding those included in the Preliminary Report.- Topographical changes during the intercensal period 1926-37 are set out in a volume issued in March, 1939, and entitled "Census of Northern Ireland, 1937-Supplement to the 1926 Topographical Index." The price of this volume, together with that of each of the other volumes 1.11entioned above, will be found in the list of publications on the back cover.
The 1926 census publications incorporate additional tables on occupations, industries, education, orphanhood, dependent children, infirmities and nationality. That census was the first taken after the establishment of a separate Government in Northern Ireland.
Readers who desire annual statistics of Births, Deaths and Marriages (together with detailed tables of the Cal?-ses of Death), or estimated population figures for Northern Ireland in inter-censal years, will find these in the "Registrar-General's Annual Report '' for each year. '
FERMANAGH HousE, 0RMEAU AVENUE,
BELFAST.
JYovember, 1940.
W. A. CARSON,
-=~~gistrar-General for Northern Ireland.
111
INDEX TO TABLES-
Table Subject of Table Page
1 Area, Houses and Population, 1937 1
2 Population, 1821-1937 1
3 Population, 1926 and 1937, and Analysis of Intercensal Changes 1
4 Area, Population, Houses, Accommodation, and Valuation-General Table 2
5 Population, Houses, and Accommodation-Towns 3
6 Area, Population, Houses, Accommodation, and Valuation-Poor-Law Unions 4
7 Private Houses and Population therein 4
8 Inhabited Private Houses, Rooms, and Families 5
9 Private Families: Size, Rooms Occupied, and Density of Room Occupation 6
10 Inhabited Buildings, etc., other than Private Houses : Class, Number, Total Population, and (for Institutions) Number of Inmates . . 7
I 1 Inmates of Institutions : Religions and Sex 7
12 Population, Parliamentary Electors, and Number of Members of Parliament 8
13 Ages (Individual Years), Sex, and Marital Condition 10
14 Ages (Quinquennial Groups), Sex, and Marital Condition in four main Religious Groups 12
15 Population under 21 by Ages (Individual Years), and four main Religious Groups by Sex. 13
16 Birthplaces 14
17 Persons born outside Northern Ireland by Religion, Sex, and Duration of Residence in N orthem Ireland 14
18 Religions : Analysis under Denominations 15
19 Rateable Valuations before and after Derating .. , 15
IV
INTRODUCTORY NOTES AND DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED IN THIS VOLUME.
AREA.
The acreages given are as measured by the Ordnance Survey (foreshore, as well as the areas of Carlingford and Strangford Loughs, being excluded), and relate to the several administrative areas as constituted at the date of the 1937 census. The acreage covered by the larger rivers, lakes and tideways is not included in the body of Tables 4 and 6, but is given in footnotes thereto.
POPULATION.
The population comprises all persons, including Forces of the Crown, enumerated as at midnight of Sunday, 28th February-1st March, 1937.
The population assigned to each area comprises all persons who were actually present within it, whether as residents or visitors, persons on board ship in port being included in the area adjacent to the port.
ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS.
Northern Ireland comprises six counties and two county boroughs. The counties are divided into 64 county districts (2 municipal boroughs, 30 urban districts, and 32 rural districts), comprising 679 district electoral divisions, 63 of which are co-terminous with wards of urban areas or with entire urban areas where these are not divided into wards. In one case, the urban district comprises one district electoral division but is divided into two wards.
Twenty-seven poor law unions are contained within Northern Ireland. Twenty of these are situated wholly in one county, four extend into two counties, and one into three counties. Of the remaining two, one lies partly in a county and partly in a county borough, the other partly in two counties ~nd partly in a county borough. The medical dispensary districts situated in Northern Ireland number 178. Poor-law unions and medical dispensary districts are, respectively, superintendent registrars'· and registrars' districts for the registration of marriages, births and deaths, except for one case, in which the dispensary district forms two registrars' districts.
There are forty-eight territorial constituencies for elections to the Northern Ireland Parliament, and nine for elections to the United Kingdom Parliament. In addition,· the constituency of Queen's University, Belfast, returns members to both Parliaments (see Table 12)
The counties are divided into 129 county electoral divisions, which are the units for county council elections. The county boroughs are not divided into county electoral divisions, the units for elections to the councils of those areas being wards. There are fifteen wards in Belfast County Borough.
HOUSES. 1. The term '' House '' denotes-
( a) each structure containing dwelling accommodation (except institutions) which stands alone or is separated from another by a vertical parting wall;
(b) each institution (viz., hospital, sanatorium, nursing home, infirmary, workhouse, asylum, religious or charitable community, residential school, barracks, or other premises under Naval, Military, Air Force, or Police discipline, prison or other place of detention), regardless of the number of buildings within its precincts ;
(c) each vessel, caravan, tent, or other movable dwelling.
2. The term " Private House " denotes any '' House " other than an institution, hotel, boarding house, premises occupied by caretaker, vessel, movable dwelling, or barn, stable, or out-house occupied on census night. The term includes premises comprising a shop and dwelling, unless occupied by a caretaker.
3. The terms cc Boarding House" and" Lodging House" cover any habitation described as such, and any P,rivate house containing three or more boarders or lodgers.
4. The term u Inhabited" denotes actual residence of a person or persons on census night. ((Uninhabited" houses, therefore, include those temporarily vacant through the absence of the usual occupiers as well as those without tenants. ·
ROOMS.
1. The rooms enumerated are the usual living rooms, including bedrooms and kitchens, but excluding sculleries (i.e., rooms used only for washing, cleaning, or cooking), pantries, cloakrooms, landings, closets or bathrooms, or any warehouse, office or shop rooms.
2. For the purpose of classifying families by rooms occupied (Table 9), shared-room occupations-i.e., those in which two or more families have rooms in common-have been rounded up to the next integral number of rooms. Thus, three families occupying 1!, 2!, and
v
2! rooms in a 6-roomed house would be shown as occupying 2, 3 and 3 rooms respectively. The extent of the rounding-up process may be ascertained in a general way by reference to Table 8, in which the actual number of rooms is given. In cases of I room occupations, all persons living therein, whether related or not, have been enumerated as one census family.
FAMILIES. The ~ern1 " Family " denotes-
(a) The inhabitants of each institution (see 1 (b) of" Houses H definition), hotel, boardinghouse, lodging-house, or ship;
(b) Each person or group of persons occupying separately the whole, or part of, any dwelling other than as described at (a).
" Private Family" means a family enumerated in a " Private House " (see 2 of" Houses " definition). It should be noted that a family or private family for census purposes includes_ any group of persons, whether related or not, who live together in separate house or room accommodation.
RATEABLE VALUATION.
The figures sho'\i\rn are those for service of the year ended 31st March, 1937, and have been supplied by the Commissioner of Valuation. Rateable hereditaments include lands, buildings, tolls, railways, tramways, canals, fisheries, turbaries, mines, quarries, waterworks, telegraphs, telephones, and electricity, gas, and water mains.
Subject to the provisions of the Local Government (Rating and Finance) Act (Northern Ireland), 1929, agricultural land and agricultural buildings are completely derated and industrial hereditaments and freight-transport hereditaments are partially derated, the consequent deficiency in the yield of rates being made good by contributions from the Government.
The figures in Tables 4 and 6 are the totals of the valuations of the rateable hereditaments in the various areas before reduction on account of derating, but exclude in certain cases the valuations of electricity, gas and water mains, telegraphs, telephones, fisheries, waterworks and tramways. ·The total of such excluded valuations for each county and county borough is given in a footnote to Table 4.
The totals for Northern Ireland of rateable valuations before and after reduction on account of derating are given in Table 19.
BIRTHPLACES.
In the case of a very small number of persons whose birthplaces were not stated on the census schedule, they were assumed to have been born in the county in which enumerated, except when the person bore a foreign name, or was stated to be a visitor to the household. After further enquiry in the latter cases, it was found possible to classify them under definite headings.
USUAL RESIDENCE.
The persons who have been regarded as having their usual residence in the area of enum-eration (i.e., county borough, municipal borough, urban district or rural district) include :-
(1) Those enumerated in their own houses. (2) Persons having settled residence in private lodgings.
(3) Resident domestic servants. (4) Scholars, students, etc., living during term time in residential schools, etc. (5) Inmates of institutions when the nature of the institution suggested permanent
residence. (6) Crews of vessels if usually living on shipboard.
RELIGIONS.
The classification of religions :i.ncludes a separate heading for each religion the adherents of which number 10 or more (see Table 18): . The heading "Presbyterian" includes those who call themselves by this name without qualification, together with those who describe themselves as members of the Church of Scotland. Other. Presbyterian denominations are shown at the foot of Table 18. Men1bers of the Church of England and the Episcopal Church of Scotland have been included under the heading "Church of Ireland.'' The latter group includes all persons returned as " Church " or " Episcopalian."
TABLES CONTAINING DOTS(.) AND DASHES(-).
Throughout this volume dots (.) are used in tabular matter to indicate "None," and dashes (-) are used to indicate that figures are not available or that the column headings are not relevant to the lines in which the dashes appear.
1 TABLES TABLE 1.-Area, Houses, and Population, 1937. Counties. DEFINITIONS.-The terms" Area,"" Houses,"" Inhabited," and" Population" are defined in the Introductory Notes.
Area In Statute Acres Houses Population
Water Land
County Larger Occu- Land
Total of Rivers, Under \Voods Turf pied by on In- Unin- Build-County Lakes, Other Crops and Bog Moun- Build- Shore habited habited ing Persons Males,
and Inland and Plant- and tain ings, of Tide- \Vater Pasture ations Marsh Roads, Lakes, ways etc. etc.
*Including Lough Neagh, the total area of which is 94,576 acres, distributed under all the C0unties except Co. Fermanagh. t Maidens Islands in North Channel. t Land on shore of Newry River. §Excludes water in Carlingford and Strangford Loughs, figures for which are not available. ~Land on shores of Loughs Erne, Castlehulme, and Macnean.
TABLE 2.-Population, 1821-1937. NOTES.-1. The figures for 1821 and 1831 exclude members of H.M. Forces.
2. The last two intercensal periods cover fifteen years and eleven years respectively.
TABLE 4.-Area, Population, Houses, Accommodation, and Valuation.
Counties,. County Boroughs, Municipal Boroughs, Urban Districts, Rural Districts, and Wards of County Boroughs.
DEFINITIONS.-!. The terms "Area," "Population," "Houses," "Inhabited;' "Private Families," "Rooms" and "Rateable Valuation" are defined in the Introductory Notes.
2. The 1926 :figures throughout are for the counties and their administrative divisions as constituted at the date of the 1937 Census (see note on Administrative Divisions).
Counties, County Boroughs,
*Area
Population
1937
Houses Accommodation
1937 Municipal Boroughs, Urban Districts, Rural Districts, and Wards of 1926 No. of
Population in Private Families
Rooms t Rateable Rooms r>er Valuation 1926
County Boroughs Persons Males Females Total In- Unin- Build- Private Occupied Person in 1937 habited habited ing Families
l---------l--------l·--------l--------------~------l-------l-------------------------li---------1--------l-----lr---------AII County Boroughs, Municipal
* Exclusive of 139,176 acres (Antrim, 49,212: Armagh, 15,129: Belfast C.B., 1,262: Down, 382; Fermanagh, 37,165: Londonderry Co., 8,274: Londonderry C.B., 381:. Tyrone, 27,371} under the larger rivers, lakes, and tideways: of 5 acres, the area of the Maiden's Islands in the North Channel (Antrim): of 6 acres, land onshoreofNewryRiver (Armagh): of 2,299 acres, land on shores of Laughs Erne, Castlehulme, and Macnean (Fermanagh) : and of the area covered by Carlingford and Strangford Loughs, figures for which are not available.
t Exclusive of £129,729, the valuation of telegraphs, telephones, gas, electricity, and water mains, reservoirs, tramways, etc. (Antrim, £2,684 : Armagh, £164: Belfast C. B., £122,974 : Down, £1,050: Fermanagh, £62: Londonderry Co., £1,934: Tyrone, £861). . ·
(a) A portion of Lame Rural District, with a population of 255 in 1937 and 161 in 1926, was trausferred to Lame Urban District in 1930. (b) Whitehead, formerly a town under tbe Towns Improvement (Ireland) Act, 1854, and forming part of Lame Rural District, was made an urban district in 1927.o (c) Bangor Urban District was made a municipal borough in 192-
3
TABLE 4.-Area, Population, Houses, Accommodation, and Valuation-continued.
Population Counties,
County Boroughs, _ 1937 Municipal Boroughs,
Urban Districts, Area Rural Districts, and Wards of 1926
Towns created under the Towns Improvement (Ireland) Actr 1854, marked'' (T),'' and towns with 1,000 or more population but having no legally defined boundaries.
DEFINITIONS.-!. The terms" Population,"" Houses,"" Inhabited,"" Private Families," and" Rooms," are defined in Introductory Notes. 2. Dots (.) indicate" none," and dashes (-) indicate that information cannot or is not intended to be given.
Population Houses Accommodation
Towns 1937 1.937 Popu-No. of lation Rooms Rooms
1926 1926 Private in Occupied per Persons Males Females Total In- Unin- Build- Families Private Person
DEFINITIONS.-The terms" Area," "Population," "Houses," Inhabited," "Private Families, "Rooms," and "Rateable Valuation" are defined in the Introductory Notes.
Population Houses Accommodation
I
Poor Law Unions *Area 1937 1937
Popu-1926 1926 Ko. of lation in Rooms Rooms
Private Private Occupied per Persons Males Females Total ln- Unln- I B..Ud- Families Families Person
* Exclusive of 139 176 acres under the larger rivers, lakes, and tideways : of 5 acres, the area of the Maiden's Islands in the North Channel; of 6 acres land on shore of Newry River : of 2,299 ac~es, land on shores of Loughs Erne, Castlehulme, and Macnean; and of the area covered by Carlingford and Strangford Lougbs, figures for which are not available.
t Exclusive of £129,729, the valuation of telegraphs, telephones, gas, electricity, and water mains, reservoirs, tramways, etc.
TABLE 7.-Private Houses and Population therein.
Aggregates of Urban and Rural Areas, Counties) and County Boroughs.
DEFINITIONS.-The terms" Private Houses" and "Inhabited" are defined in the Introductory Notes.
Number of Private Houses Population in Private Houses
Aggregates of Urban and Completed Rural Areas, Counties, and
County Boroughs Building Persons Males Females Inhabited Uninhabited
TABLE 9.-Private Families : Size, Rooms Occupied, and Density of Room Occupation.
6
Northern Ireland, and Aggregates of Urban and Rural Areas.
DEFINITIONS-I. The terms "Private Families," and "Rooms," are defined in the Introductory Notes. · 2. Dots ( .) indicate" none," and dashes (-) indicate that information cannot or is not intended to be given.
Number of Persons in
Family, etc.
Number of Private Families occupying the following Number of Rooms
Electors (persons) en 1-< Q) per 1 ,ooo Population ..0+> s ::::
Residence Qualifica- Residence tions only Qualifica-
Persons
806,007
133,197
68,889
59,774 70,523 63,183 74,385
135,656
114,468
85,932
-
Wards
Cromac
Ormeau
Windsor
Falls
tions
630
678
633
617 615 656 571
644
628
599
-
Court } St. Anne's St. George's
.Smithfield Wood vale
Q) Cl.)
~§ '+-(~
Other 0;....
~~ Qualifica- "So tions ::l z
14 13
9 2
3 1
II 1 7 1
15 1 42 1
3 2
10 2
5 1
- 1
Parliamentary Constituencies
for N.I. Elections
Cromac
{ Ballynafeigh Willowfield Windsor
Falls
{
Central _ St. Anne's
Wood vale
t This constituency comprises Londonderry Administrative County and County Borough, together with a portion of Portrush Urban District (total population 673) situated in Antrim Administrative County.
10
TABLE 13.-Ages (Individual Years), Northern Ireland. Sex, and Marital Condition.
Males Females
Age last
I Birthday Persons \Vidowed Widowed
Total Single* Married and Total Single* :VIarried and Divorcedt Divorcedt
t100 and over 20. 5 1 4 .15 4 1 ... *Including all persons under 14 years of age and persons aged 14 and over m respect of whom information as to marital condition was
not given. Persons of the latter description numbered: in urban areas, 110 males, and 60 females : in rural areas, SO males, and 44 females. t The persons returned as divorced numbered : in urban areas, 42 males, and 55 females : in rural areas, 26 males, and 27 females. :j: Comprising: in urban areas, 1 widower (aged 102), 2 single females (both a~ed 100), 1 married female (aged 102), and 6 widows (1 aged
100: 1 aged 101 : 2 aged 102: 1 aged 104: and 1 aged 110) : in rural areas, 1 smgle man (aged 102), 8 widowers (1 aged 100 : 1 aged 103: and 1 aged 106) : 2 single females (both aged 100), and 4 widows {2 aged 100 : 1 aged 102: and 1 aged 103).
1,562 1,766 1,602 1,485
8,543
1,405 1,437 1,134 1,058
861
5,895
1,048 573 628 531 512
3,292
390 387 259 194 127
1,357
127 69 55 40 29
320
21 20 13 6 6
66
10
TABLE 14.-Ages (Quinquennial Groups) of Population in four main Religious Groups by Sex and Marital Condition.
Males
Age last I I Birthday Persons
I I Widowed
Total Single* Married and : Divorcedt
1- I
I ) ROMAN CATHOLIC
All Ages 428,290 209,567 143,051 58,077 I 8,439 .. I
• Including all persons under 14 years of age and persons aged 14 and over in respect of whom information as to marital condition was not given. Persons of the latter description numbered: Roman Catholics, 56 males, and 46 females: Presbyterians, 64 males, and 27 females: Church of Ireland, 51 males, and 22 females: and Other and Not Stated Denominations, 19 males, and 9 females.
t The persons returned as divorced numbered: Roman Catholics, 7 males, and 4 females : Presbyterians, 23 males, and 28 females: Church of Ireland, 27 males, and 35 females, and Other and Not Stated Denominations, 11 males, and 15 females.
; Including Church of England (males, 7,378, females, 5,301) and Episcopal Church of Scotland (males, S, females, 11).
TABLE 15.-Population under 21 by Ages (Individual Years) and four main Religious Groups by Sex.
Analysis of Column in above Table headed "Other and Not Stated Denominations." (Figures for each County will be found in the County Volumes).
Methodist Brethren Baptist . . •• . . Congregationalist or Independent Presbyterian Non-Subscribing Presbyterian or Unitarian Reformed Presbyterian . . . . Salvation Army .. Elim Pentecostal Alliance •. Jew .. Society of Friends Moravian Protestant . . . • Catholic Apostolic Church .. Irish Evangelical Church Cooneyites or Dippers Church of God Christian Scientist United Free Church of Scotlp.nd Church of Christ Seceding Presqyterian Spiritualist .. Free Thinker . . . • . . Christadelpbian • . . .
Seventh Day Adventist •. Independent Fundamental Church Jehovah's Witness Assembly of God Latter Day Saints Lutheran Nonconformist Mohammedan .. Atheist Holiness Movement Testimony of Jesus Faith Mission .. Greek Orthodox Church Evangelist Hindu •. . • Christian Volunteer Force •• Theosophist •. Church of Nazarene Metropolitan Mission Rationalist ..
105 92 so 34 89 91 TOTAL-Other and Not Stated Denominations 115,050 54,718
• Including Church of England (Males, 7,378; Females, 5,301) and Episcopal Church of Scotland {Males 8; Females, 11).
Females ---
60,332
---8,920
4,522
29,502
9,846
2,265
2,000
942
2,335
Females 84 57 38 44 36 16 25
4 12 21 25 19 3 9
8 10
8 8
53 1,065
60,332
t This heading comprises denominations each of which had less than ten adherents enumerated in Northern Ireland: 44 different terms were used in describing these denominations on the Census Schedules. _
Table 19.-Rateable Valuations before Ill
and aHer Derating.
Aggregates of Urban and Rural Areas. Counties and County Population
Boroughs.
NORTHERN IRELAND: 1,279,745
All County Boroughs, Muni-cipal Boroughs and Urban Districts .. .. 677,545
