(3) Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings 12-13(a) Ductile-Iron Pipe, 4-Inch Through 48-Inch(b) Fittings for Ductile-Iron Pipe
(4) Cast-Iron Pipe and Fittings 13-14(a) Cast-Iron Pipe, 4-inch Through 24-Inch(b) Cast-Iron Fittings
(5) Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe and Fittings 14-15(a) Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe, 2-Inch(b) Fittings for Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe, 2-Inch(c) Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe, 4-Inch Through 12-Inch(d) Bends and Fittings for PVC Pipe, 4-Inch Through
12-Inch(e) Nonmetallic Pipe Detection
(6) Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe and Fittings 15-19(a) General(b) Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe(c) Prestressing Wire(d) Fittings for Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe(e) Grout for Joints(f) Manufacturer's Quality Control
(i) Hydrostatic Test(ii) Proof of Design Tests
(iii) Absorption Test
(7) Copper Tubing for Copper Service Lines and Small Mains 20
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(8) Brass Fittings for Underground Service Lines 20-22and Small Mains(a) General(b) Corporation Stops(c) Curb Stops(d) Service Saddles(e) Angle Stops(f) Fittings
(9) Gate Valves, Tapping Valves and Tapping Sleeves 22-27(a) Gate Valves(b) Tapping Valves(c) Tapping Sleeves(d) Air Release and Vacuum Relief Valve(e) External Coating
(10) Butterfly Valves 27-29(a) Manholes for Butterfly Valves
(11) Valve Boxes 29
(12) Fire Hydrants 29-34(a) General(b) Hydrant Barrel(c) Shut-Off Valve and Inlet Shoe(d) Valve Stem(e) Gaskets and Seals(f) Painting(g) Performance Standards
(13) Polyethylene Film Wrap 34-35(a) General(b) Film(c) Polyethylene Tape
(14) Bedding Material 35-37(a) Bank Run Sand(b) Concrete Sand(c) Pea Gravel(d) Gem Sand(e) Crushed Limestone
(15) Backfill 37(a) Cement Stabilized Sand(b) Earth or Native Soil(c) Bank Run Sand
(18) Water Meters, Meter Vaults and Meter Boxes 39-43(a) General(b) Meters(c) Strainers(d) Commercial Meter Valves for Meter Installations(e) Meter Vault(f) Meter Box
(2) Jacking, Tunneling, Boring or Augering 46-49(a) General(b) Jacking(c) Tunneling(d) Boring or Augering(e) Bedding for Trenches, Jacking, Tunneling, Boring
or Augering Pits
(3) Handling of Pipe and Accessories 49-50
(4) Pipe Cutting 50
(5) Defective or Damaged Material 50
(6) Cleaning of Pipe and Accessories 50
(7) Laying of Pipe 50-52
(8) Joining of Pipe and Accessories 52-57(a) Cast-Iron Pipe, Ductile-Iron Pipe, Valves,
Hydrants and Fittings(b) Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe and Accessories(c) Welded Joints for Steel Pipe(d) Flanged Joints for Steel Pipe(e) Rubber Gasketed Bell-and-Spigot Joints For
Use On Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe(f) Welded Joints For Use On Prestressed Concrete
Cylinder Pipe(g) Flanged Joints For Use On Prestressed Concrete
Cylinder Pipe(h) Joint Grouting For Use On Prestressed Concrete
Cylinder Pipe
(9) Backfilling 57-59(a) General(b) Pipe Backfill for Water Mains Less Than 30 Inches in
Diameter(c) Pipe Backfill for Large Diameter Water Main
(30 Inches or Greater in Diameter)
(10) Valves and Fire Hydrants 59
(11) Tapping Sleeves and Valves 59-60
(12) Boxes for Valves 60-61
(13) Wet Connections 61
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(14) Polyethylene Film Wrap 61-63(a) Tube Type Wrap(b) Sheet Type Wrap(c) Bore Section Installation
(15) Sterilization of Mains and Testing for Leakage 63-64(a) Sterilization of Mains(b) Testing for Leakage
(16) Mains - Use of Completed Sections 64
(17) Mains - Lowering 64
(18) Copper Service Line Construction 65-67(a) Installing Service Lines(b) Corporation Stop Installation(c) Curb Stop Installation(d) Sequence of Work
(19) Cutting and Plugging of Water Mains 67
(20) Service Lines of Public Utilities 68
(21) Relocation of Meter Vaults 68-69
(22) Adjustment of Existing Surface Structures 69-70(a) Manholes(b) Valve Boxes(c) Meter Boxes(d) Meter Vaults
(23) Removing and Relocating Fire Hydrants,Valves, Meters and Boxes 70
(24) Relocation of Water Meters and Boxes 70
(25) Installation of Split Casing 70-71
(26) Securing, Supporting, and Anchoring 71(a) Pipe Supports(b) Anchorage of Main Line Fittings(c) Temporary Anchorage of Fittings
(27) Modifications for Cathodic Protection 72(a) General(b) Bonded Joints
(28) Removing and Salvaging Fire Hydrants and Water Meters 72
(29) Manholes 72
(30) Installation of the Nonmetallic Pipe Detection System 73
(31) Removing Water Main and Removing Water Main with Casing 73
4. Measurement 73-75
5. Payment 75-79
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1993 Specifications CSJ's 0110-05-098, 0912-71-288& 1743-02-016, etc.
SPECIAL SPECIFICATION
ITEM 5363
Water Mains
1. Description. This Item shall consist of furnishing all labor,materials and equipment necessary to provide a complete water mainsystem in accordance with the plans and specifications, and incompliance with the Department's Utility Accommodation Policy (Title43, T.A.C., Sections 21.31-21.55). The water mains shall be of thesizes, materials and dimensions shown on the plans and shall includeall pipe, all joints and connections to new and existing pipes, allcasing, valves, fittings, fire hydrants, meters, blocking, etc., asmay be required to complete the work.
This Item shall also govern for the materials and equipment to befurnished and for the methods to be followed for encasing existingwater lines with split steel encasement pipe, by the open cut method.
The abbreviations AWWA, ASA, ANSI, ASTM and NACE as used in thisspecification, shall refer to the following organizations ortechnical societies.
AWWA - American Water Works Association
ASA - American Standards Association
ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials
ANSI - American National Standards Institute
NACE - National Association of Corrosion Engineers
Where reference is made to specifications of the above organizations,it shall be construed to mean the latest standard or tentativestandard in effect on the date of the proposal.
2. Materials.
(1) General. All pipe 6-inch and larger shall be acceptable, withoutpenalty, to the Texas Fire Insurance Commission for use in waterworks distribution systems.
All materials used in this project shall be new and unused unlessotherwise specified on the plans or in the proposal.
(2) Steel Pipe and Fittings.
(a) Steel Carrier Pipe.
All steel pipe, 4-inch through 24-inch, which is intended foruse as carrier pipe in the distribution system shall conform tothe requirements of AWWA Standard C200. All pipe and fittingsmust have manufacture's certifications to ensure that they havebeen hydrostatically tested at the factory in accordance withAWWA C200, section 3.4. Pipe steel shall meet the requirements
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of ASTM A36, ASTM A570 Grade 36, ASTM A53 Grade B, ASTM A135Grade B, or ASTM A139 Grade B as a minimum. Pipe shall also besubject to the requirements of Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.Specification for "Steel Pipelines for Underground WaterService".
Pipe and fittings shall be designed to withstand the mostcritical simultaneous application of external loads andinternal pressures. The design shall be based on the minimumof AASHTO HS-20 loading, AREA E-80 loads and depths of bury asindicated on the plans. The design shall provide for the mostcritical groundwater level condition. The pipe designconditions are as follows:1. Working pressure = 75 psi.2. Hydrostatic field test pressure = 125 psi.
Pipe design (24 inch and larger) shall conform to AWWA M11with following conditions:1. Design stress due to working pressure: No more than 50
percent of minimum yield, 15,000 psi maximum stress formortar-coated pipe.
2. Design stress due to hydraulic test pressure: No morethan 75 percent of minimum yield, 22,500 psi maximumstress for mortar-coated pipe.
3. Design stress due to maximum hydraulic surge pressure:No more than 75 percent of minimum yield, 22,500 psimaximum stress for mortar-coated pipe.
4. Modulus of soil reaction (E'), 1500 psi.5. Unit weight of fill (w) > 120 pcf.6. Deflection lag factor (D1) = 1.2.7. Bedding constant (K) = 0.1.8. Fully saturated soil conditions: hw = h = depth of
cover above top of pipe.9. Maximum deflection from specified diameter.
A. Two percent for mortar coatings.B. Three percent for flexible coatings and shop-
applied mortar lining.
All pipe designs shall be done by a licensed Engineer. Thecalculations shall be signed, sealed and dated by the licensedEngineer. Prior to manufacturing, these calculations shall besubmitted to the Engineer for approval.
Pipe shall be supplied in double random lengths unless otherwisespecified on the plans. The ends of the pipe shall be beveled forfield butt welding.
Minimum allowable steel wall thicknesses shall be in accordance withthe following tables for HS-20 live loads and depths of bury of up to16 feet.
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Carrier Pipe
Corresp. Nom. Min. Approx. Wt.Casing Pipe Outside Wall Per Lin. Ft.Pipe Size Diameter Thick. Uncoated
For water mains less than 36 inches in diameter, casinginsulators shall be used between the water main and casingunless otherwise noted on the plans. For water mains 4 inchesthru 14 inches, 8-inch wide casing insulators shall be used.For water mains 16 inches thru 36 inches, 12-inch wideinsulators shall be used. For welded steel pipe 12 inches andsmaller, use of Pipeline Seal and Insulator Model PE orapproved equal shall be required. For other pipe materials upto 12 inches, use Pipeline Seal and Insulator Model C8G-2 orapproved equal shall be required. For all water mains largerthan 12 inches use of Pipeline Seal and Insulator Model C12G-2or approved equal shall be required.
Casing and seals (Pipeline Seal and Insulator Model C orapproved equal) shall be used for water mains less than 36" indiameter.
NOTE: It is the design Engineer's responsibility to review thedesign for conditions more extreme than those indicated by thisspecification and design accordingly. In no case, however,shall thickness of the pipe wall be less than that defined inthe above table.
(b) Steel Casing Pipe.
All pipe intended for use as casing pipe shall be manufacturedin accordance with Section 2.(2)(a), "Steel Carrier Pipe", ofthis specification except that the minimum allowable steel wallthicknesses shall conform to those shown in the following tablefor HS-20 live loads and depths of bury of up to 16 feet.
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Casing Pipe
Min. Approx. Wt.Casing Pipe Outside Wall Per Lin. Ft.
NOTE: It is the design Engineer's responsibility to review thedesign for conditions more extreme than those indicated by thisspecification and design accordingly. In no case, however,shall thickness of the pipe wall be less than that defined inthe above table.
The steel casing sections for split casing shall be a maximumof 20 feet in length. Each section shall be split in halfsections. The ends and split sections shall be beveled forfield butt welding.
Steel casing pipe will not be required to carry the label ofthe Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.
(c) Steel Pipe Fittings.
All steel pipe fittings, 4-inch through 24-inch, shall befactory forged fittings unless otherwise shown on the plans.The wall thickness shall be equal to or greater than the pipeto which the fitting is to be welded. The ends of the fittingshall be beveled for field butt welding.
All bends shall be long radius fittings unless otherwise shownon the plans.
(d) Steel Pipe Flanges.
Steel pipe flanges, where called for on the plans, shallconform to AWWA Standard C207 for Class D Flanges (samediameter and drilling as Class 125 cast-iron flanges ASAB16.1).
All cast-iron to steel pipe connections shall be made with one(1) cast-iron bell flange and one (1) steel slip-on flange andshall be electrically isolated. The use of insulating gaskets,plastic bolt sleeves and washers of insulating gasket materialbacked with zinc plated or hot-dip galvanized washers, or,epoxy coated bolts, nuts and washers used with an insulatinggasket are approved for this purpose.
For inline flange joints 12 inches in diameter and greater andbutterfly valve flanges, Pyrox LineBacker Type E phenolicgaskets as manufactured by Pipeline Seal and Insulator Inc., orapproved equal shall be used.
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Full-face gaskets for all other flanged joints not listed aboveshall be used. Cloth-inserted rubber gasket material, 1/8-inchthick in accordance with AWWA C207 shall be provided. Gasketsshall be factory cut to proper dimensions.
Galvanized or black ANSI nuts and bolts shall be used to matchthe flange material. Cadmium-plated steel nuts and bolts shallbe used on underground flanges.
(e) Steel Pipe Protective Coatings.
1. General.
All protective coatings shall be shop applied except forfield repairs and coatings of field welded joints. TheEngineer may provide for witness of inspection and testingof shop applied coatings, however, such witness shall notrelieve the Contractor of the responsibility to furnishmaterial, perform work and provide quality control inaccordance with the applicable AWWA Standard and/or therequirements of these specifications.
The substrate surface profile and minimum and maximumindividual and total dry film thickness (DFT) indicatedherein shall apply. No requirement of this specificationshall cancel or supersede the specific written directionsand recommendations of the specific coating manufacturerso as to jeopardize the integrity of the applied system.Dry film thickness shall be measured in accordance withSSPC PA2.
All shop coating and field repairs shall be field testedby the Contractor for holidays, pinholes ordiscontinuities at voltage levels required by theapplicable AWWA Standard and in accordance with theapplicable NACE procedure, i.e., PRO 188, RPO 274, TMD384, etc. The test procedure, including voltage levels tobe used, shall be submitted to the City prior to testing.All holidays shall be repaired in accordance with theapplicable AWWA Standard. Documentation by a NACEcertified inspector of compliance with the tests requiredherein shall be provided by the Contractor.
Handling, storage, and field procedures for shop coatedpipe shall be in accordance with the applicable AWWAStandards. All pipe ends shall be adequately sealed andprotected from damage during handling and storage, andsuch protection shall not be removed until immediatelyprior to installation. Pipe shall not be lifted usingcaliper clamps or hooks at ends of pipe. Any damage tothe pipe or the protective coating from any cause duringthe installation of the pipe and before final acceptanceby the owner shall be repaired as directed by the Engineerand in accordance with the applicable standards.
The interior of the pipe and fittings shall be kept cleanof all foreign matter before installation and until thework has been accepted. Joint contact surfaces shall bekept clean until jointing is complete.
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The Contractor shall furnish an affidavit of compliancethat all materials and work furnished comply with therequirements of the applicable AWWA Standard and thesespecifications.
2. Internal Coating for Steel.
All material used for internal coating of steel carrierpipe must be NSF61 listed as suitable for contact withpotable water as required by Chapter 290, Rules &Regulations for Public Systems, Texas Natural ResourceConservation Commission (TNRCC).
All steel carrier pipe and fittings above and belowground, shall be internally coated with either of thefollowing systems unless otherwise shown on the plans.
Liquid Epoxy shall meet the requirements of AWWA C-210,"Liquid Epoxy Coating System for the Interior and Exteriorof Steel Water Pipelines," except as modified herein. TheLiquid Epoxy system shall consist of three coats ofpolyamide epoxy (no coal tar material) as follows:
Prime Coat - two part, chemically cured,pigmented, polyamide epoxy; 4-6 milsdry film thickness (DFT).
Intermediate Coat - two part polyamide epoxy; 4-6 milsDFT.
Finish Coat - two part polyamide epoxy, 4-6 milsDFT.
The total system shall have a minimum DFT of 12 milsand a maximum DFT of 18 mils. Each coat shall be incontrasting colors, with the prime coat being buff andthe finish coat being white. All material shall besupplied by the same manufacturer. Coal-tar epoxymaterial is not permitted. Surfaces to be coatedshall be abrasive blast cleaned to a near white finishin accordance with SSPC-SP10 (NACE 2) to establish anaverage anchor profile of 2.0 to 3.0 mils, with noindividual reading greater than 4.0 mils or less than1.5 mils. Prior to coating, the prepared and cleanedsurface is to be inspected for evidence of non-visiblecontaminants such as soluble salts and/or chlorides inaccordance with NACE Technical Committee Report"Surface Preparation of Contaminated Steel Surfaces,"NACE Publication 6G 186. The surface shall berecleaned as necessary until free of suchcontaminants.
Fusion Bonded Epoxy shall be in accordance with AWWAC-213, "Fusion-Bonded Epoxy Coating for the Interiorand Exterior of Steel Water Pipelines".
3. External Coating.
(a) Above Ground.
All above ground steel piping and fittings shall beexternally coated with a three (3) coatepoxy/epoxy/polyurethane system in accordance with
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AWWA C-218, "Coating the Exterior of AbovegroundSteel Water Pipelines and Fittings", Section 2.5,Coating System No. 4-91, except as modified herein.
Prime Coat - two (2) component, pigmented,catalyzed polyamide epoxy primer;DFT of 3-4 mils.
Intermediate Coat - two (2) component, catalyzedpolyamide epoxy; DFT of 4-6 mils.
Finish Coat - two (2) component aliphaticpolyurethane; DFT 3-4 mils.
The total system shall have a minimum DFT of 10 milsand a maximum DFT of 14 mils. Each coat shall be incontrasting colors, with the prime coat being buffand the finish coat being blue or as specified by theEngineer. All material shall be supplied by the samemanufacturer. Surfaces to be coated shall beabrasive blast cleaned to a near white finish inaccordance with SSPC-SP10(NACE 2) to establish anaverage anchor profile of 2.0 to 3.0 mils, with noindividual reading greater than 4.0 mils or less than1.5 mils. Prior to coating, the prepared and cleanedsurface is to be inspected for evidence of non-visible contaminants such as soluble salts and/orchlorides in accordance with NACE Technical committeeReport "Surface Preparation of Contaminated SteelSurfaces," NACE Publication 6G 186. The surfaceshall be recleaned as necessary until it is free ofsuch contaminants.
(b) Buried Steel Pipe.
Buried steel pipe and fittings (except tunneled,cased, or augered holes) shall be coated with eitherof the following systems:
(i) Coal tar enamel and tape, hot applied, inaccordance with AWWA C203 "Coal-Tar ProtectiveCoatings and Linings for Steel Water Pipe-Enameland Tape - Hot Applied."
The system for pipe shall be in accordance withSection 2 of C203 and consist of a coat ofprimer, followed by a hot coat of coal-tar enamelonto which shall be applied a single layer of anyof the four (4) outerwraps designated by C203,except that coal-tar saturated mineral felt is tobe used instead of coal-tar saturated asbestosfelt. The coating is to be finished with asingle wrap of kraft paper. Coal-tar tapes, hotapplied, shall be used for special sections,connections, and fitting in accordance withSection 3 of C203.
(ii) Cold applied tape coating system applied as athree-layer system consisting of (1) a primelayer, (2) an inner-layer tape for corrosionprotection, and (3) an outer-layer tape for
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mechanical protection, in accordance with therequirements of AWWA C214, "Tape Coating Systemsfor the Exterior of Steel Water Pipelines."
Special sections, connections, and fittings shallbe coated in accordance with AWWA C-209, "Cold-Applied Tape Coatings for the Exterior of SpecialSections, Connections, and Fittings for SteelWater Pipelines."
(c) Steel Pipe in Tunneled, Cased, or Augered Holes.
(i) Steel pipe in tunneled or cased holes, withannular grout, shall be primed with 3.0 to 4.0mils of a two (2) part chemically cured rustinhibitive polyamide epoxy. Surface preparationshall be the same as for above ground externalcoating, of Subsection 2.(2)(e)3.(a) of thisspecification.
(ii) Steel pipe in augured holes, or in a tunnel orcasing without annular grout shall be coated witha two-package polyisocyanate, polyol-cured, 100percent solids polyurethane coating systemconforming to ASTM D 16 Type V System, applied toa minimum DFT of 25 mils.
The coating material shall be Corropipe II-Tx orCorroclad 2000 as manufactured by MadisonChemical Industries, Inc., or approved equal, andapplied in strict accordance with manufacturer'srecommendations. For external field welds andother field repairs use Madison Chemical "GP" IIor "Tx" Touch Up, or approved equal, inaccordance with manufacturer's recommendations.
(3) Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings.
(a) Ductile-Iron Pipe, 4-Inch Through 48-Inch.
All ductile-iron pipe shall conform to the requirements ofAWWA Standard C151. Length shall be no less than 18 feetlong. Unless otherwise specified on the plans, all pipeshall be of thickness Class 50 regardless of pipe size.Joints shall be of the push-on type or flanged type unlessotherwise specified on the plans. Push-on joints shallconform with the requirements of ASA Specification A21.11(AWWA C111). Flanged joints shall conform with therequirements of AWWA C115 including a cloth inserted,rubber gasket material 1/8 inch thick for flanged joints.Threaded or grooved type joints which reduce pipe wallthickness, below the minimum required, are not acceptable.
Water main interior coatings shall conform to AWWA C104 orANSI A21.4, Cement lined with seal coat.
All material used for internal coating must be NSF 61 andlisted as suitable for contact with potable water asrequired by Chapter 290, Rules and Regulation for PublicWater Systems, Texas Natural Resources ConservationCommission (TNRCC).
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Exterior coating may consist of a prime coat and an outsideasphaltic coating conforming to AWWA C110, C115, or C151for pipe and fittings in open cut excavation and incasings. Other exterior coating options includepolyurethane coating, polyurethane wrap and tape coating.
Polyurethane coating shall conform to the same requirementsunder Subsection 2.(2)(e)3., "External Coating" of thisspecification. Polyethylene wrap shall conform to therequirements of Subarticles 2.(13), "Polyethylene FilmWrap", and 3.(1), "Polyethylene Film Wrap", of thisspecification. Polyethylene wrap will not be allowed forbored pipe.
Tape coating shall include an 80-mil shop-applied tapecoating system in accordance with AWWA C214, except asmodified herein for ductile iron pipe. Components of thesystem shall include a primer, one (1) 20-mil layer ofinner-layer tape for corrosion protection and one (1)30-mil layer of outer-layer tape for mechanical protection.Inner and outer tape widths shall be a minimum of (3) threeinches. Tape coating system shall be Polyken YG-III, Tek-Rap Yard-Rap, or approved equal. Pipe shall be providedwith shop coatings cut back from the joint ends tofacilitate joining of the pipe. The successive tape layersshall be tapered by 1-inch staggers to facilitate fieldwrapping of the joints. Typically, the cutback at thespigot is six (6) to nine (9) inches. The cutback at thebell is usually performed at the point where the bell anglebegins. Do not use tape coated pipe in augered or boredoperations.
(b) Fittings for Ductile-Iron Pipe.
All fittings for use with ductile-iron pipe of nominalsizes 4-inch through 48-inch shall conform to AWWA StandardC110 or C153.
Joints shall be of the push-on type or flanged type unlessotherwise specified on the plans. Push-on joints shallconform to the requirements of ASA Specification A21.11(AWWA C111) and shall be rated for a 250 psig workingpressure. Flanged fittings shall conform to AWWA C110, thematerial shall be cast or ductile iron and conform to ANSIB16.1, class 125 rated at 250 psig working pressure.Flanged fittings shall be screwed on threaded pipe endsdone in the shop in accordance AWWA C115 for attachment,aligning and facing.
The inside and outside surfaces of the fittings shall becoated as specified for the regular lengths of ductile Ironpipe.
(4) Cast-Iron Pipe and Fittings.
(a) Cast-Iron Pipe, 4-Inch Through 24-Inch.
All cast-iron pipe shall conform to the requirements ofAWWA Standard C106 or AWWA Standard C108.
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Unless otherwise specified on the plans, all pipe shall beof the thickness required for "Laying Condition F" and aminimum of five (5) feet of cover and the pipe shall bedesigned for a minimum working pressure of 150 psi.
Joints shall be of the push-on type unless otherwisespecified on the plans. Push-on joints shall conform withthe requirements of ASA Specification A21.11 (AWWA C111).
The interior and exterior coatings shall be as specifiedfor ductile-iron pipe of this specification in Section2.(3)(a).
(b) Cast-Iron Fittings.
Cast-iron or ductile iron fittings shall be permitted, unlessotherwise shown on the plans.
All fittings for use with cast-iron pressure pipe ofnominal sizes 4-inch through 24-inch shall conform to therequirements of AWWA Standard C110 or C153. The fittingsshall be designed for a pressure rating of 250 psi.
Joints shall be of the push-on type unless otherwisespecified on the plans. Push-on joints shall conform tothe requirements of ASA Specification A21.11 (AWWA C111).
The inside and outside surfaces of the fittings shall becoated as specified for the regular lengths of cast-ironpipe.
(5) Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe and Fittings.
(a) Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe, 2-Inch.
All PVC pipe shall be manufactured in accordance with therequirements of ASTM Designation D1784 for PVC 12454B (TypeI, Grade l) or PVC 12454C (Type I, Grade l) and shall havea standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratio (SDR) equalto 21.
All PVC pipe shall have integral bell type gasketed push-onjoints or shall be plain end pipe with twin-gasketedcouplings conforming to the requirements of ASTMDesignation D3139 for push-on-type joints. Rubber gasketsshall conform to the requirements of ASTM DesignationD1869.
All PVC pipe furnished shall be marked on the spigot endfor proper depth of makeup to Bell End of a joining Lengthof pipe or fitting.
Valves for use with PVC pipe shall conform to therequirements of Subarticle 2.(9), "Gate Valves, TappingValves and Tapping Sleeves", of this specification, exceptthat valve ends shall be of the push-on-joint type for usewith PVC pipe. Pipe must carry the National SanitationFoundation Seal (NSF).
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(b) Fittings for Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe, 2-Inch.
All fittings for 2-Inch PVC shall have a minimum pressurerating of 200 psi. They shall be solvent-weld, socket typeconforming to the requirements of ASTM D2466, or gasketedpush-on conforming to the requirements of ASTM D2241. AllPVC solvent cements shall be manufactured in accordancewith ASTM D2564.
(c) Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe, 4-Inch through 12-Inch.
All PVC pipe shall conform to AWWA C900.
It shall be Class 150 DR-18 and have cast iron equivalentoutside diameters unless otherwise specified. It shall befurnished in nominal 20 feet lengths, and shall be markedfor proper mate up to adjoining pipe or fitting.
The joints shall conform to the same requirements as thosespecified for 2-inch PVC pipe.
(d) Bends and Fittings for PVC Pipe, 4-inch through 12-Inch.
Fittings shall conform to the requirements of Section2.(3)(b), "Fittings for Ductile-Iron Pipe". They shall bepolyethylene wrapped as required by Subarticles 2.(13),"Polyethylene Film Wrap", and 3.(14), "Polyethylene FilmWrap", of this specification.
(e) Nonmetallic Pipe Detection.
Where nonmetallic pipe is installed longitudinally underground a method of detecting the location of thenonmetallic pipe shall be required. The specific methodused shall be as shown on the plans and/or approved by theEngineer. This system may involve some components to beinstalled in the trench around the pipe to be detectedusing a metal detector. Or the system may consist oflocating equipment capable of creating a non-destructivepressure wave which can be detected above ground using aportable detection device with both audible and visualindicators. Either system of detection shall be capable ofaccurately locating the pipe to a maximum depth of three(3) feet over the areas shown on the plans.
Either system must be capable of locating lines underearth, concrete or asphaltic surfaces. The equipment,materials and installation used shall be as specified bythe manufacturer.
(6) Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe and Fittings.
(a) General.
The Utility owner's representative or Engineer reserves theright to visit the manufacturing facilities for prestressedconcrete cylinder pipe, without notice. Such inspectionwill in no sense make the Utility Agency a party to thecontract. The review will be to determine compliance with
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this specification. Such review shall not be construed inany way of relieving the Contractor of his responsibilitiesunder this contract.
(b) Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe.
Prestressed concrete cylinder pipe shall meet therequirements of AWWA C301 and AWWA M9, latest edition,except as modified herein. Full circumferential welds atjoints requiring welding shall be provided. When specifiedon the plans, the pipe shall be modified for CathodicProtection in accordance with the Special SpecificationItem, "Cathodic Protection Systems for Large Diameter WaterMain".
The pipe design shall be based upon the lesser of themeasured properties of the material actually used in themanufacture of the pipe or the minimum stated values,required in this specification, for said properties and notgeneric values.
Pipe and fittings shall be designed per AWWA C301 AppendixB, to withstand the most critical simultaneous applicationof external loads and internal pressures. The design shallbe based on a minimum of AASHTO HS-20 loading (AREA E-80loads where indicated) and depths of bury as indicated.Marston Earth Loads for a transition width trench shall beused in the pipe design for pipe with zero (0) to 16 feetof cover. Marston's Earth Loads for a trench width ofOutside Diameter (of pipe) plus three (3) feet may be usedfor pipe with greater than 16 feet of cover. The unitweight of fill shall be no less than 120 lbs. per cubicfoot. Ninety-degree Olander coefficients for the earthload and water weight contained in the pipe along the15-degree Olander coefficients for the pipe weight shall beutilized when calculating the moments and thrusts in thepipe wall. The groundwater level shall be assumed to beequal to natural ground surface or critical conditions.
The allowance for tensile stress in the concrete core ormortar coating at any combination of external loadings andinternal pressures shall not exceed 3.5 times the squareroot of the compressive strength of concrete. The maximumallowable compressive stress in the concrete core or mortarcoating due to any combination of external loads orinternal pressures (working and transient) shall be 0.55times the compressive strength of concrete.
The internal design pressures are as follows:
Working pressure = 75 psi.
Hydrostatic field test pressure = 125 psi.
Maximum pressure due to surge = 125 psi.
Minimum pressure due to surge (D>24") = -5 psi
Modulus of soil reaction (E') = 1500 psi.
Deflection lag factor (D) = 1.0 psi.
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Bedding constant (K) = 0.085 psi.
(c) Prestressing Wire.
Prestress wire must be furnished from an independentmanufacturer (i.e., a manufacturer with no legal orfinancial ties to the pipe manufacturer). Foreignmanufactured wire shall be tested by a local independentlaboratory at the Contractor's expense.
All mechanical tests required in ASTM A648 shall beperformed by the wire manufacturer on a sample taken fromone (1) end of each coil and selected to be representativeof normal wire drawing conditions. The pipe manufacturershall test a sample, for all mechanical requirements, fromone (1) of each five (5) consecutively produced coils orfraction thereof in each lot.
The pipe manufacturer shall require that the wiremanufacturer submit certified results of chemical andmechanical tests, performed by the wire manufacturer.Mechanical test shall be performed by the pipemanufacturer. The pipe manufacturer shall attest to suchin his affidavit of compliance.
Tests of all prestressing wire are to be submitted forrecord purposes, indicating compliance with thespecifications. Submission of the test specimens is notrequired. The expense of the tests shall be borne bymanufacturer.
The surface temperature of the prestressing wire at anypoint in the drawing process shall not exceed 360 F. Thewire manufacturer shall audit the surface temperature ofthe wire throughout the length of the wire drawing processdaily for each working shift producing ASTM A648 wire, orshall take similar dependable precautions to provide themaximum wire surface temperature is not exceeded.
(d) Fittings for Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe.
The Contractor shall furnish all fittings and specials(bends and elbows) required for bends, branches, accessmanholes, air valve and blowoff connections, andconnections to line valves and other fittings. Fittingsand specials shall be designed in accordance with thedesign details and AWWA C301. Fittings and specials aresubject to the same internal and external loads as thestraight pipe. Fabricated fittings from pipe sections, mayuse steel pipe welded to proper shape, coated and linedwith wire reinforced cement mortar. Provide fabricatedbends or fittings with a minimum radius of two and one-half(2-1/2) times the pipe diameter.
The pipe joints shall be rubber gasketed or weldedbell-and-spigot type except where flanged joints arerequired for valves and fittings as shown on the plans. Injacking, boring, tunneling or augering installations, theoutside diameter of the pipe shall have a constant outsidediameter from bell to spigot end. The Contractor is
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responsible for designing the pipe and pipe joints to carryall loads including but not limited to: overburden andlateral earth pressures; subsurface soil and water loads;grouting; other conditions of service; thrust of jacks, andany stress anticipated during the handling and installationof the pipe. See paragraphs referring to joints andjointing for additional requirements. Rubber gasketmaterial for rubber gasketed bell and spigot joints shallbe in accordance with AWWA C301.
All rubber gasketed joints shall be bonded as shown on theplans to provide electrical continuity along the entirepipeline except where insulating flanges are called for.
Restrained joints shall have sufficient distance from eachside of the bend, tee, plug, or other fitting to resistthrust developed at the design pressure for the pipe. Adesign pressure 1.5 times the pressure class (workingpressure)is required. Restrain joints by welding orharnessing joints. Harnessed joints shall be AWWA M9,clamp or snap ring type. Provide restrained joint pipewith adequate cylinder thickness to transmit thrust forces.
Pipe sections shall be provided in standard lengths with aminimum of 16 feet except for special fittings or closuresections as indicated on the shop drawings. Each pipesection shall be clearly marked to show locations and pipepressure.
Curves and bends shall be made by deflecting the joints, byuse of beveled joints, or by a combination of the two (2)methods, unless otherwise indicated on the plans. TheContractor may submit details of other methods of producingcurves and bends for consideration by the Engineer, and ifdeemed satisfactory, shall be installed at no additionalcost.
All pipe flanges shall conform to AWWA C207 requirementsfor standard steel flanges of the pressure classcorresponding to the pipe class.
All exposed steel parts of flanges and bolts, shall becoated as specified by the section for steel pipe of thisspecification.
Pipe from inventory is permitted if all specifications andcertifications can be met. Testing records required byspecifications must be provided.
(e) Grout for Joints.
See Subarticle 2.(17), "Grout for Prestressed ConcreteCylinder Pipe Joints", of this specification forrequirements on grout for joints.
(f) Manufacturer's Quality Control.
(i) Hydrostatic Test.
Pipe cylinders shall be hydrostatically tested at thefactory in accordance with AWWA C301, Section 3.5.3.
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The hydrostatic pressure shall be held for a minimumof 15 minutes for a thorough inspection of the pipe.Any pipe revealing cracks in the mortar coating shallbe rejected.
(ii) Proof of Design Tests.
The design of each size and class of concretecylinder pipe shall be verified by tests conducted onrepresentative specimens. The tests described inthis paragraph are for proof of design only. It isnot necessary that these tests be made on pipemanufactured specifically for this contract.Certified reports covering tests made on other pipeof the same size and design as specified herein andmanufactured from materials of equivalent type andquality may be accepted as adequate proof of design.
Additionally, one (1) pipe from each design classshall be tested in a 3-edge bearing test to anequivalent load of the earth load plus live loadings.
No cracks shall be permitted on the inside of thecore.
If any cracks are found, two (2) more samples fromthat design class shall be tested; and if no cracksare found, the lot of pipe from that class shall beaccepted. If either of the two (2) additional testsfail, the lot shall be rejected. The manufacturermay elect to test each pipe from a failed lot and anyindividual pipe that does not fail shall be accepted.Written certification and a copy of all test reportsshall be submitted.
(iii) Absorption Test.
A water absorption test shall be performed on samplesof cured mortar coating taken from each workingshift. The mortar coating samples shall have beencured in the same manner as the pipe. A test valueshall consist of the average of a minimum of three(3) samples taken from the same working shift. Thetest method shall be in accordance with ASTM C497,Method A. The average absorption value for any testshall not exceed nine (9) percent and no individualsample shall have an absorption exceeding 11 percent.
Tests for each working shift shall be performed on adaily basis until conformance with the absorptionrequirements has been established based upon thepassing of 10 consecutive tests, at which timetesting may be performed on a weekly basis for eachworking shift. With failing absorption test results,daily testing shall be resumed for each working shiftand shall be maintained until conformance to theabsorption requirements is reestablished by 10consecutive passing tests.
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(7) Copper Tubing for Copper Service Lines and Small Mains.
All 3/4 inch, 1 inch, 1-1/2 inch and 2 inch diameter coppertubing for underground service shall be Type "K" soft annealedand seamless with the proper bending temper and shall conform toASTM Designation B88 and Federal Specification WW-T-799 with thefollowing exceptions:
Section 14 of ASTM Designation B88 is hereby modified to providefor the following number of samples for each size of tubing:
For each 7500 feet of tubing .................one (1) sample
Items of less than 7500 feet of tubing .......one (1) sample
3/4 inch and 1 inch tubes shall be furnished in coils, eachcontaining 60 feet (flat coils are preferred). 1-1/2 inch and 2inch tubes shall be furnished in straight lengths of 40 feet.Minimum joint spacing shall be in multiples of 60 feet or 40 feetrespectively.
(8) Brass Fittings for Underground Services Lines and Small Mains.
(a) General.
Unless otherwise provided herein, brass fittings will berequired in underground installations of service lines andsmall mains in the water distribution system.
Brass fittings shall be composed of Copper Alloy No.C 83600conforming to the requirements of ASTM Designation B62. Thegeneral pattern for each fitting shall conform to that ofstandard brass fittings as manufactured by Mueller Company,Hays Manufacturing Company or an approved equal.
Compression fittings may be used for unions except where theyoccur under existing or future paving. Compression tubefittings shall have Buna-N beveled gaskets.
Each fitting shall have the manufacturer's name or trademarkand size plainly stamped into or cast on the body. Pipeadjacent to fittings shall be straight for at least 10inches.
Waterways shall not be smaller in diameter than the nominalsize of the stop and shall be accurately finished to awatertight joint; all nuts and washers shall be faced to atrue fit; and the design shall be such that the joint willremain watertight and reasonably easy to operate afterrepeated use over a number of years. All external threadsshall conform with AWWA Standard C800 and, on corporationstops, shall be protected in shipment by plastic coatings oran alternate approved method.
(b) Corporation Stops.
Inlet ends shall be of one of the following types: Standardcorporation stop threads as specified in Table 1, AWWA C800;iron pipe thread (permissible for use with service saddlesonly) or locking insert type Hays 4200-4202 or approvedequal.
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The valve body shall be of one of the following types:Tapered plug type; o-ring seat ball type; or the rubber seatball type.
Outlet ends shall be a flared-copper connection for use withtype-k, soft copper or compression type fitting.
For PVC pipe, corporation stops shall be all brass andspecifically designed for use with PVC pipe.
(c) Curb Stops.
Inlet ends shall have flared copper connections orcompression type fittings.
The valve body shall be of straight through or angled meterstop design equipped with padlock wings and shall be of the"O-ring" seal straight plug type or the rubber seat balltype.
The outlet shall have female iron pipe threads or swivel nutmeter spud threads 3/4 inch and 1 inch stops and shall havetwo hole flanges for 1-1/2 inch and 2 inch sizes.
(d) Service Saddles.
Service saddles shall have dual straps and shall consist ofone of the following types: Brass body and straps; ductile-iron body and straps, vinyl coated; ductile-iron body, vinylcoated with stainless steel straps.
Taps for PVC Water Mains: Use dual strap or single, wideband strap saddles which provide full support around thecircumference of the pipe and bearing area of sufficientwidth along the axis of the pipe two (2) inches minimum,ensuring that the pipe will not be distorted when the saddleis tightened. Use Romac Series 101N wide band, stainless-steel tapping saddle with AWWA standard thread (Muellerthread) or equal.
(e) Angle Stops.
Angle stops shall be in accordance with AWWA C800; ground-key, stop type with bronze lock-wing head stop cap; inlet andoutlet threads shall conform to the application tables ofAWWA C800; and inlet side shall be a flared connection orMueller 110 compression type or an approved equal.1. Outlet for 3/4-inch and 1-inch size: Meter swivel nutwith saddle support.2. Outlet for 1-1/2-inch through 2-inch size: "O-ring"sealed meter flange, iron pipe threads.
(f) Fittings.
Fittings shall be in accordance with AWWA C800 and asdescribed below:1. Castings: Smooth, free from burrs, scales, blisters,
sand holes, and defects which would make them unfit forintended use.
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2. Nuts: Smooth cast and have symmetrical hexagonal wrenchflats.
3. Flare-joint fittings: Smooth cast. Seating surfaces formetal-to-metal seal shall be machined to proper taper orcurve, free from any pits or protrusions.
4. Solder-joint fittings: Smooth cast. Inside surfaces ofsolder-joint ends shall be machined smooth to properinside diameter.
5. Thread fittings, of all types, shall have N.P.T.Threads, and male threaded ends shall be protected inshipment by plastic coating or other equally satisfactorymeans.
6. Compression tube fittings shall have Buna-N beveledgasket.
Brass fittings will require the following factory testing:
(a) Submerge in water for 10 seconds at 85 p.s.i. with stopsin both closed and open positions.
(b) Reject any fittings that show air leakage. The Statemay confirm tests locally. An entire lot from whichsamples were taken will be rejected when random samplingdiscloses unsatisfactory fittings.
(9) Gate Valves, Tapping Valves and Tapping Sleeves.
(a) Gate Valves.
Gate valves shall conform to AWWA Standard C500, C509 andthe following supplemental specifications:
Valves used in direct bury and in subsurface vaults shallopen clockwise and above-ground valves shall open counterclockwise.
(i) Gate valves 1-1/2-inch diameter and smaller shallhave an operating pressure of 125 psi; bronzemounting; rising-stem; single-wedge; disc type;screwed ends; Crane No. 428, or equal.
(ii) Gate valves 2-inch to 12-inch diameter shall be non-directional; and resilient seated in accordance with(AWWA C509) or parallel seat double disc inaccordance with (AWWA C500);operating pressure of 200psi; bronze mounting; push-on bell ends with rubberjoint rings and nut operated unless otherwisespecified; resilient seated provide by AmericanDarling AFC-500, US Pipe Metroseal 200 or approvedequal; double disc provided by American Darling 52,Clow F-6102 or approved equal; and comply withfollowing:
1. Design: No metal fasteners or screws other thanstem and stem nut shall be exposed to water.
2. Body: Cast or ductile iron; flange bonnet andstuffing box together with ASTM A307 Grade Bbolts. Cast in body manufacturer's initials,pressure rating, and year manufactured.
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3. Bronze: Valve components in waterway shallcontain not more than 15 percent zinc and notmore than 2 percent aluminum.
4. Stems: Everdur, low zinc bronze, or other high-quality non-corrodible metal with an integralforged thrust collar machined to size; non-rising; bronze bushed at penetration of stuffingbox.
5. "O-rings": AWWA C509, Sections 2.2.6 and 4.8.2.6. Stem Seals: Consist of three (3) "O-rings", two
(2) above and one (1) below the thrust collarwith an anti-friction washer located above thethrust collar.
7. Stem Nut: Independent or integrally cast of ASTMB62 bronze.
8. Resilient Wedge: Molded; synthetic rubber;vulcanized and bonded to cast or ductile ironwedge tested to meet or exceed ASTM D429 MethodB; seat against epoxy-coated surface in valvebody.
(iii) Gate valves 14-inch to 24-inch diameter shall be inaccordance with AWWA C500; push-on bell ends withrubber rings and nut operated unless otherwisespecified; double disc; 150 psi; and comply withfollowing:1. Body: Cast or ductile iron; flange together
bonnet and stuffing box with ASTM A307 Grade Bbolts. Cast in body manufacturer's initials,pressure rating, and year manufactured.
2. Stems: Machined from ASTM B62 bronze rod with anintegral forged thrust collar machined to size;non-rising.
3. Stem Seals: Consist of one (1) "O-ring" aboveand one (1) "O-ring" below the thrust collar withan anti-friction washer located above the thrustcollar for operating torque.
4. Stem Nut: Independent or integrally cast of ASTMB62 bronze.
5. Discs: Cast iron with bronze disc rings securelypeened into machined dovetailed grooves.
6. Wedging Device: Solid bronze or cast-iron,bronze-mounted wedges. Thin plates or shapesintegrally cast into cast-iron surfaces areacceptable. Other moving surfaces integral towedging action shall be bronze monel or nickelalloy-to-iron.
7. Bronze Mounting: Built as integral unit mountedover, or supported on, cast-iron base and ofsufficient dimensions to be structurally soundand adequate for forces which will be imposed onit.
8. Gear Cases: Cast iron; furnished on all 18-inchand larger valves and of extended type with steelside plates; lubricated; gear case enclosed withoil seal or "O-rings" at all shaft openings.
9. Stuffing Boxes: Located on top of bonnet andoutside gear case.
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(iv) Gate valves 16-inch and larger shall be furnished andequipped with bypass valves.1. Provide 3-inch bypass valves for 16-inch through
20-inch gate valves.2. Provide 4-inch bypass valves for 24-inch gate
valves.
Valves 4-inch through 12-inch for installation in verticalpipe lines shall have double disc, square bottom.
Valves 14-inch and larger for installation in vertical pipelines shall be equipped with bronze shoes and slides.
Gate valves installed at greater than four-foot depth shallprovide non-rising, extension stem having couplingsufficient to attach securely to operating nut of valve.Upper end of extension stem shall terminate in squarewrench nut no deeper than four (4) feet from finishedgrade.
Gate valves in factory mutual type meter installationsshall conform to the provisions of this specification withoutside screw and yoke valves and should carry the label ofUnderwriters' Laboratories, Inc.
Coatings for gate valves 2-inch and larger shall be inaccordance with AWWA C550; Indurall 3300 or approved equaland be: Non-toxic; not impart taste to water; function asphysical, chemical, and electrical barrier between basemetal and surroundings; minimum 12-mil-thick; fusion-bondedepoxy; prior to assembly of valve, apply protective coatingto interior and exterior surfaces of body.
(b) Tapping Valves.
Tapping valves shall meet all the requirements of gatevalves, as listed above, except for the type of joints;inlet flanges shall meet AWWA C110, Class 125 with machinedprojections to mate with tapping sleeve for correctalignment or shall meet AWWA C110, Class 150 or higher andhave a minimum eight-hole flange. Outlets shall havestandard mechanical or push-on type joints which shall fitany standard tapping machine.
The valve seat opening shall be such that a full size shellcutter for the nominal size tap may pass through the valvewithout any contact with the valve body.
Valve boxes shall be furnished and installed as required bythis specification.
(c) Tapping Sleeves.
Tapping sleeve bodies shall be in accordance with AWWA C110cast or ductile iron; or AWWA C111 carbon steel; in two (2)sections to be bolted together with high-strength,corrosion-resistant, low-alloy, steel bolts and shall havemechanical joint ends.
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Branch outlets of tapping sleeves shall be flanged;machined recess in accordance AWWA C207 Class D, ANSI 150pound drilling. The gasket shall be affixed around recessof the tap opening to preclude rolling or binding duringinstallation.
Steel sleeves shall not be used for taps greater than 75percent of pipe diameter.
Welded steel tapping sleeve bodies may be used in lieu ofcast-iron or ductile iron, subject to the followinglimitations and requirements:
Flanges shall be AWWA C207, Class D, ANSI 150 pounddrilling. Gasket shall be affixed around recess of tapopening to preclude rolling or binding during installation.
Steel sleeves are restricted to use on pipes sizes 6-inchand larger. No "size-on-size" sleeve will be permitted(i.e., 4 inches x 4 inches, 6 inches x 6 inches, etc.). Toaccomplish size-on-size connections, the next smaller tapmay be made and a LEB (large end bell) increaser used.Where fire service from a 6-inch main is approved, a cast-iron split sleeve only will be permitted.
The body shall be of heavy welded steel construction. Thetop half of the body shall be grooved to permanently retaina neoprene o-ring seal against the outside diameter of thepipe.
Steel Sleeves shall be fusion-bonded epoxy coated to aminimum 12 mil thickness. The finished epoxy coat shall befree of laminations and blisters; not peel; and remainpliant and resistant to impact. Ship steel sleeves inwooden crates that provide protection from damage to epoxycoating during transport and storage.
Bolts and nuts shall conform to AWWA Standard C500, Section3.5, and shall be coated with a 100 percent vinyl resin (orshall be made of corrosion resistant material).
Tapping sleeves shall be provided with a 3/4-inch NPT testopening for testing prior to tapping. Provide a 3/4-inchbronze plug for the opening.
Steel tapping sleeves shall be Smith Blair No. 622,Rockwell No. 623, JCM No. 412 or approved equal.
(d) Air Release and Vacuum Relief Valve.
Combination air valve shown on the plans, means combinationvalves designed to fulfill the functions of air release(permitting escape of air accumulated in the line at thehigh point of elevation while the line is under pressure)and vacuum relief. Air release and vacuum relief valves8-inch and smaller in diameter shall be self-contained inone (1) unit.
(i) Air release valves shall be provided with flangedinlet and outlet connections as specified on theplans. For 2-inch and 3-inch single body valves,
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the orifice should be sized for 100 psi workingpressure. The air relief valve shall beconstructed of materials as follows: body andcover, ASTM A 48, Class 30 cast iron; float andleverage mechanism, ASTM A 240 or A 276 stainlesssteel; orifice and seat shall be stainless steelagainst Buna-N or viton mechanically retained withhex head nut and bolt. All other valve internalsshall be stainless steel or bronze.
(ii) Air Release and Vacuum Valves shall be single-body,standard combination or duplex-body customcombination valves as shown on the plans.a) For 2-inch and 3-inch, single-body valves,
provide inlet and outlet sizes as shown on theplans and an orifice sized for a 100 psi workingpressure. Valve materials: Body, cover andbaffle, ASTM A48, Class 35, or ASTM A126, Grade Bcast iron; plug or poppet, ASTM A276 stainlesssteel; float, ASTM A240 stainless steel; seat,Buna-N; other valve internals shall be stainlesssteel. Valve exterior shall be painted with anepoxy shop-applied primer. Provide Apco Model145C or 147C, Val-Matic Series 200, or approvedequal.
b) For 3-inch and larger duplex body valves as shownon the plans, provide an Apco Series 1700 with aNo. 200 air release valve, GA Industries Fig.No. AR/GH-21K/280, or equal. Air and vacuumvalve materials: Body and cover, ASTM A48, Class35, cast iron; float, ASTM A240 stainless steel;seat, Type-304, stainless steel and Buna-N; othervalve internals, stainless steel or bronze. Airrelease valve: Constructed as specified inprevious paragraph above on Air Release Valves.
(iii) Vacuum Relief Valves shall provide air inlet vacuumrelief valves with flanged inlet and outletconnections as shown on the plans. Provide airrelease valves in combination with inlet andoutlet, and orifice as shown on the plans. Valveshall open under pressure differential not toexceed 0.25 psi. Provide Apco Series 1500 with aNo. 200A air release valve, GA Industries Fig.No. HCARV, or equal. Materials for vacuum reliefvalves: Valve body, ASTM A48, Class 35, cast iron;seat and plug, ASTM B584 bronze, copper alloy 836;spring, ASTM A313, Type-304, stainless steel;bushing, ASTM B584 bronze, copper alloy 932;retaining screws, ASTM A276, Type-304, stainlesssteel.
Valve boxes shall conform to the requirements of Subarticle2.(11), "Valve Boxes", of this specification.
(e) External Coating.
Coat Valves with a three-coat epoxy/epoxy/polyurethanesystem in accordance with AWWA C-218, "Coating the Exteriorof Aboveground Steel Water Pipelines and Fittings", Section
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2.5, Coating System No. 4-91, except as modified herein.
Prime Coat - two (2) component, pigmented,catalyzed polyamide epoxyprimer; DFT of 3-4 mils.
Intermediate Coat - two (2) component, catalyzedpolyamide epoxy; DFT of 4-6mils.
Finish Coat - two (2) component aliphaticpolyurethane; DFT 3-4 mils.
Total system to have a minimum DFT of 10 mils and a maximumDFT of 14 mils. Each coat shall be in contrasting colors,with the prime coat being buff and the finish coat beingblue or as specified by the Engineer. All material shallbe supplied by the same manufacturer. Surfaces to becoated shall be abrasive blast cleaned to a near whitefinish in accordance with SSPC-SP10(NACE 2) to establish anaverage anchor profile of 2.0 to 3.0 mils, with noindividual reading greater than 4.0 mils or less than 1.5mils. Prior to coating, the prepared and cleaned surfaceis to be inspected for evidence of non-visible contaminantssuch as soluble salts and/or chlorides in accordance withNACE Technical committee Report "Surface preparation ofContaminated Steel Surfaces," NACE Publication 6G 186. Thesurface shall be recleaned as necessary until free of suchcontaminants.
(10) Butterfly Valves.
Butterfly valves and operators shall conform to the requirementsof AWWA Standard C504 Class 150B, except as modified orsupplemented herein.
Valves shall be short-body, flanged design for closingagainst a flow velocity of 16 feet per second at a normalworking pressure of 150 psi and with a downstream pressureof zero (0) psi (Class 150B).
Body shall be cast iron, ASTM 126, Class B.
Discs for valves 12 inches in size and smaller shall beASTM A435, Type 1 (Ni-Resist), cast iron disc with ni-chrome edge (Pratt TM) or ductile iron with Type 304 orType 316 stainless steel mating edge. Discs for valves 14inches and larger shall be cast iron or ductile iron.Discs larger than 30 inches shall be ductile iron, ASTMA536, Grade 65-45.12.
Valves shall have Buna-N or neoprene seats mounted eitheron the disc or in the body. The seats shall bemechanically secured and may not rely solely on adhesiveproperties of epoxy or similar bonding agents to attach theseats to the body. Seats on the disc shall be mechanicallyretained by Stainless Steel (18-8) retaining rings held inplace by stainless steel (18-8) cap screws that passthrough a rubber seat for added retention. When the seatis on the disc, the seat shall be retained in position byshoulders located on both the disc and the stainless-steel
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retaining ring. Mating surfaces for seats shall be Type304, or 316, stainless steel and secured to the disc bymechanical means. Sprayed on or plated mating surfaceswill not be allowed. The disc shall be cast-ironconforming to ASTM A126, Class B or ductile-iron conformingto AWWA C151.
Coat all interior wetted ferrous surfaces of valve,including disc, with epoxy suitable for potable-waterconditions. Epoxy, surface preparation, and epoxyapplication shall be in accordance with AWWA C550 andcoating manufacturer's recommendations. Provide two (2)coats of two-component, high-build epoxy with minimum drythickness of 10 mils. Epoxy coating shall be Indurall 3300or equal. Coatings shall be holiday tested and measuredfor thickness.
Valve shaft and keys, dowel pins, or taper pins used forattaching valve shaft to valve disc shall be Type-304 or316 stainless steel. All portions of shaft bearings:Stainless steel, bronze, nylon, or Teflon (supported byfiberglass mat or backing material with proven record ofpreventing Teflon flow under load) in accordance with AWWAC504.
Packing shall be field-adjustable, split-V type, andreplaceable without removing operator assembly.
Retaining hardware for seats shall be Type-304 or 316stainless steel. Nuts and screws used with clamps anddiscs for rubber seats: Securely held with locktight, orother approved method, from loosening by vibration orcavitational effects.
Valve disc shall seat in a position 90 degrees to the pipeaxis and shall rotate 90 degrees between full-open andtight-closed position. Install valves with valve shaftshorizontal and the convex side of the disc facing theanticipated direction of flow, except where shown otherwiseon the plans.
Joint types for installation with cast-iron or ductile-iron pipe shall be push-on or flanged (flanged valvescoupled to Bell-Flange adapters may be used). Flangesshall conform in dimensions and drilling to ANSI B16.1 forcast-iron body valves, Class 125. Bolts conforming to AWWAStandard C500, Section 9, shall be used in all valveinstallations, including bolts for operators, housing, etc.Flanged joints shall be used for all steel or concretesteel cylinder pipe.
Actuators for valves shall be properly sized gear type forvalves 8-inch and larger. Gear Actuators shall be fullyenclosed and traveling-nut type, rack and pinion type, orworm-gear type. Direct bury valves shall be equipped witha 2-inch square nut operating clockwise to open the valve.The space between the actuator housing and the valve bodyshall be completely enclosed. No moving parts shall beexposed to the soil or elements. Actuators shall be oiltight and water tight, and shall be factory packed with asuitable grease. Operators shall conform to the
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requirements of AWWA Standard C504 and shall be equippedwith adjustable limit stop devices.
Design for worm-gear and traveling-nut operators shall besuch that a torque of 150 foot-pounds, or less, willoperate valve at the most adverse condition for which valveis designed. Vertical axis of operating nut shall not moveas valve is opened or closed.
Butterfly valves shall be used as line valves in lieu of gatevalves in sizes 16-inch, 20-inch, and 24-inch, except wherevalve type is specified on the plans, and shall be usedexclusively in sizes larger than 24 inches.
(a) Manholes for Butterfly Valves.
Each butterfly valve 30-inch and larger shall be equippedwith a manhole around the operator only. Manhole may beeither of brick or precast concrete construction and shallhave a minimum inside diameter of 4'-0" at operatorelevation. Manholes shall be fitted with a standard 32-inch manhole ring. Floor of manhole shall be concrete,12-inch thick and floor elevation shall be minimum 12inches below bottommost part of valve operator housing.Provisions shall be made so that the operator can be easilydisconnected from valve housing and removed formaintenance. A one inch thick piece of expansion jointmaterial or an acceptable substitute shall be placed aroundthe valve housing prior to constructing manhole wall aroundhousing. Standard manhole steps shall be spaced on 12-inchcenters. Upper cone of manhole shall be designed so as toallow a valve key to be placed vertically through themanhole opening and directly on the valve key. Designshall be in general conformance with details.
(11) Valve Boxes.
Provide Type "A", cast iron, slide-type valve boxes asmanufactured by Bass and Hays Foundry, Inc. or approved equal.The chemical composition of Casting "A" shall conform to therequirements of AWWA Standard C110. The base of each valve boxshall be 6-inch cast-iron or ductile iron pipe, conforming tothe requirements of this Special Specification except that thelining & coating will comply with this section.
Cast a letter "W" into lid, 1/2 inch in height and raised 3/32inch, for valves serving potable water lines.
Coat boxes, bases, and lids by dipping in hot bituminousvarnish.
(12) Fire Hydrants.
(a) General.
Fire hydrants shall conform to the requirements of AWWAC502, except as modified or supplemented herein. Theyshall be of dry-barrel, tamper resistant, and collision-safety construction design.
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Installation of used, salvaged, or reconditioned firehydrants will not be permitted unless otherwise shown onthe plans.
(b) Hydrant Barrel.
The lower hydrant barrel shall be fabricated as a singlepiece, and shall be connected to the upper hydrant barrelby means of a joint coupling that will provide threehundred sixty degree (360) rotation of the upper barrel.To permit future extension of hydrant without excavation,mark the finish grade on the barrel. The bury length shallbe as specified and shall be the distance from the bottomof the inlet to the ground line.
The hydrant barrel shall be provided with a non-tapped, noncorrodible drain or drip valve, completely of bronze orbronze lined. The drain valve shall operate, automaticallyand positively, to drain the barrel when the hydrant valveis in the fully-closed position and to completely close thedrain opening so as to prevent leaking when the hydrantvalve is in the open position.
Each hydrant barrel shall be equipped with two (2) 2-1/2inch nominal inside diameter hose nozzles and one (1) four(4) inch nominal inside diameter pumper nozzle conformingwith National (American) Standard Fire Hose Coupling ScrewThreads, bronze (minimum Grade D) (per NFPA No. 194 andANSI B26-1925).
Field-replaceable nozzles shall be securely fastened intothe upper barrel by mechanical means, installed by turningcounterclockwise, sealed with O-rings and shall bemechanically locked in place with a security device. Allnozzles shall be provided with nozzle caps and neoprenegasket seals. The caps shall be securely attached to thehydrant barrel with chains of not less than 1/8 inchdiameter. The pumper nozzle shall be so situated as toallow an unobstructed radius of 10 inches from the threadedsurface of the nozzle throughout the path of travel of awrench or other device used to fasten a hose to the nozzle.
The hydrant shall be oriented so that the pumper nozzlefaces the curb or street nearest the hydrant.
The barrel joint connecting the upper and lower hydrantsections shall be designed so that the hydrant shut-offvalve will remain closed and reasonably tight againstleakage in the event of an impact accident resulting indamage or breaking of the hydrant above or near groundlevel. The joint shall be provided with a breakable boltflange or breakable coupling that will include an adequatenumber of bolts, above finish grade.
The operating and hold down nuts shall be fabricated ofstainless steel, cast iron or ductile iron with bronzeinserts. Provide a security device with each hydrantemploying a bronze operating nut to protect this feature ofthe hydrant from malicious mischief or unauthorizedremoval. Any such security devices shall not require aspecial tool for normal off/on operation of the hydrant.
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The operating nut shall be tapered pentagon 1-1/2 inchpoint to face at base, and 1-1/8 inch point to face at topof nut, open left (counter clockwise). Hold downassemblies shall be fabricated of suitable metallicmaterials for the service intended.
The hydrant barrel shall be designed to permit the use ofone or more standard extensions, which shall be availablefrom the hydrant manufacturer, in lengths from 6-inches to60-inches in 6-inch increments.
(c) Shut-off Valve and Inlet Shoe.
Hydrants shall have circular, compression-type shut-offvalves which close with the water pressure, with centerstem construction. Each shut-off valve shall be circularand not less than 5-1/4 inches in diameter. Seal bottomend of stem threads from contact with water with cap nut.The valve seat ring shall be bronze, threaded into a bronzedrain ring to provide an all-bronze drainway. The seatring and main valve assembly shall be such that it can beremoved from above ground through the upper barrel by meansof a light-weight seat removal wrench. The valve seatfacing shall be constructed of molded rubber having aDurometer rating of 90 plus or minus five (5), and shall bea minimum thickness of 1/2 inch.
Unless otherwise specified on the plans the hydrant inletshoe shall be an elbow with AWWA Standard bell designed fora nominal 6-inch mechanical joint hub end, or push-onassembly as specified. The hydrant shoe shall be of castor ductile iron pipe and be flanged, swivel or slip jointwith harnessing lugs for restrained joints. Coat interiorof shoe with minimum 12 mils of fusion-bonded epoxy.Underground flanging shall incorporate minimum of six (6)full 3/4-inch diameter electro-galvanized or cadmium coatedsteel bolts or four (4) 5/8-inch diameter stainless orcadmium coated steel bolts.
(d) Valve Stem.
The valve stem shall be provided with a breakable stemcoupling opposite the barrel breakaway feature. Connectingpins and locking devices shall be constructed of bronze orother corrosion-resistant material. The valve stem shallbe provided with a bronze sleeve, suitable seals and travelstop. Operating threads, working parts and bearingsurfaces shall be fully lubricated during normal operationof fire hydrant. The lubricant shall be contained in alubricating reservoir which shall be sealed at the top andbottom. The operating assembly shall be equipped with athrust bearing or lubricated thrust collar to minimizeoperating torque. The lubricant shall meet therequirements of FDA 21 CFR 178.3570 and be manufacturedwith FDA approved oxidation inhibitors.
The valve stem shall operate to open counterclockwise(turning to the left).
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(e) Gaskets and Seals.
All dynamic seals shall be "O-ring" type, oil-resistantmaterial, which does not require adjustment for awatertight seal. All moving parts in contact with the sealshall be bronze or other corrosion-resistant material.
Static seals shall be rubber, or other approvedcomposition.
(f) Painting.
Fire hydrant's exterior shall be shop coated with one (1)coat of rust prohibitive primer. Top half of the hydrantfrom the traffic flange up shall receive one (1) coat ofblue enamel prior to delivery to the job site as outlinedby the following:
Surface preparation shall be in accordance withSSPC-SP10(NACE 2), near white blast cleaned surface.
Coated with a three-coat alkyd/silicone alkyd systemwith a total dry film thickness (DFT) of 6-9 mils asfollows:
Prime Coat - Oil Modified Alkyd Primer, Acro ProductsNo. 1104, Heavy Duty Tank & Steel Primer, orapproved equal, shall be in general conformance withSSPC Paint Specification No. 25. Total dry filmthickness (DFT) of 2-3 mils.
Intermediate Coat - Heavy Duty Industrial AlkydEnamel, Acro Products No. 2214, or approved equal,shall be in general conformance with SSPC PaintSpecification No. 104, and Federal Standard TT-E-489. Total dry film thickness (DFT) of 2-3 mils.
Finish Coat - Silicone Alkyd REsin Enamel, AcroProducts No. 2215, or approved equal, shall be ingeneral conformance with SSPC Paint Specification No.21. Total dry film thickness (DFT) of 2-3 mils.Except the hydrant bonnet shall not be finish shopcoated, only intermediate coated. Finish coatingshall be field applied and color coded wheninstalled.
Colors - Primer to be manufacturer's standard color.Finish coat of hydrant body shall be blue (Acro 555crystal blue or equivalent). The hose connectioncaps shall be finish coated white, and a white bandof finish coat two (2) inches in width shall bepainted on the hydrant body approximately six (6)inches above the traffic flange and parallel thereto.Intermediate coat shall be of a contrasting color tothe blue finish coat, such as white.
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(ii) Exterior Below Traffic Flange.
Surface preparation shall be in accordance with SSPC-SP10 (NACE 2), near - white blast cleaned surface.
Coat with a three (3) coat system as follows:
Primer and intermediate coat - coal tar epoxy, AcroProducts No. 4467, or approved equal, shall be ingeneral conformance with SSPC Paint Specification No.16. Apply two (2) coats with a dry film thickness(DFT) of 8-10 mils each for a total dry filmthickness (DFT) of 16-20 mils.
Finish coat - water based vinyl acrylic mastic, AcroProducts No. 7782, or approved equal. Apply one (1)coat with a dry film thickness (DFT) of 6-8 mils.Color of finish coat shall be the same as the finishcoat for the exterior above the traffic flange i.e.,blue (Acro 555 crystal blue or equivalent)
(iii) Interior Surfaces Above and Below Main Valve.
All material used for internal coating of hydrantinterior ferrous surfaces below the main valve mustbe NSF61 listed as suitable for contact with potablewater as required by Chapter 290, "Rules andRegulation for Public Water Systems," Texas NaturalResources Conservation Commission (TNRCC).
Coating shall be liquid or powder epoxy system and bein accordance with AWWA Standard C-550. Coating maybe applied in two (2) or three (3) coats, accordingto manufacturer's recommendations, for a total dryfilm thickness of 12-18 mils.
(iv) General.
All coatings shall be applied in strict accordancewith manufacturer's recommendation. No requirementof this specification shall cancel or supersede thewritten directions and recommendations of thespecific coating manufacturer so as to jeopardize theintegrity of the applied system.
The hydrant supplier shall furnish an affidavit ofcompliance that all materials and work furnishedcomply with the requirements of this specificationand applicable standards referenced herein.
After all hydrants have been installed and prior tothe main being accepted, the Contractor shall paintthe bonnet portion of each fire hydrant as follows:
Size of Supply Line Color of Bonnet
6" Yellow8" White
10"-20" Green24"-and larger Orange
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The color shades and paint quality shall comply withthe current specifications and is subject to theapproval of the Engineer.
(g) Performance Standards
Provide hydrants capable of providing minimum discharge of1500 gpm from single pumper nozzle at maximum permissiblehead loss of 8 psig for inlet operating pressure of no morethan 35 psig + 2 psig.
Hydraulic Performance Testing: AWWA C502; certifiedpressure loss and quantity of flow test shall be conductedby qualified testing laboratory on production model (5-footbury length) of hydrant (same catalog number) proposed forcertification. Submit certified test report containingfollowing information:1. Date of test on fire hydrant with similar hydraulic
characteristics.2. Name, catalog number, place of manufacture, and date of
production of hydrant(s) tested.3. Schematic drawing of testing apparatus, containing
dimensions of piping elements including:a. Diameter and length of inlet piping.b. Distance from flow measuring points to pressure
measurement point.c. Distance from flow and pressure monitoring points
to hydrant inlet.d. Distance from pressure monitoring point to
nozzles.e. Diameter and length of discharge tubing.
4. Elevation of points of measurement, inlet, and outlet.5. Reports, or certificates documenting accuracy of
measuring devices used in test.
Conduct test on at least three (3) hydrants of thesame design. Inlet water temperature: 70ºF plus orminus 5ºF.
For Traffic Impact Testing submit a certified testreport which outlines results of traffic impact testinvolving standard production models of fire hydrantwith breakable barrels same in design to that proposedfor certification. Install these hydrants per AWWAC600; strike at point 18 inches plus or minus 2 inchesabove designated ground line. Point of impact onhydrant barrel shall be within 2 inches of lineperpendicular to base and equidistant from pumpernozzle and one hose nozzle.
(13) Polyethylene Film Wrap.
(a) General.
Except where noted on the plans, polyethylene film shall beused as a wrap to protect cast-iron pipe, ductile-iron pipeand fittings. Polyethylene film shall conform to therequirements outlined herein and shall only be used inopen-cut construction.
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(b) Film.
The polyethylene film shall be in accordance with ASTM 1248and AWWA C105, Type 1, Class C, Category 5, Grade J-3, 2.5to 3 percent carbon black content. Unless otherwisespecified on the plans, the film shall be eight (8) milsthick. It may be furnished either in tubular form or insheet form. Film in tubular form shall be furnished in thefollowing minimum widths:
Minimum Width of Film Tube (when laying flat)
Nominal Push-on JointPipe Size Flat Tube Width
4" 14"6" 17"8" 21"
10" 25"12" 29"14" 33"16" 37"18" 41"20" 45"24" 53"
Film in sheet form shall have a width equal to twice thatshown for tube widths.
(c) Polyethylene Tape.
The tape used to tape film edges and overlaps shall bethree (3) inch wide plastic backed adhesive tape. The tapeshall be Polyken No. 900, Scotch Wrap No. 50 or approvedequal.
(14) Bedding Material.
Unless otherwise specified on the plans bedding for water mainsshall be one of the following:
(a) Bank Run Sand.
Bank run sand may be used for bedding as called for in thesespecifications and shall consist of soil classified as SP,SW or SM by the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS).The sand shall have a plasticity index, when tested, of lessthan seven (7) percent and shall have a liquid limit of 25or less. Bank run sand shall have no more than 15 percentpassing the No. 200 sieve when tested. The material shallbe free of any roots, organic material, trash, clay lumps orother deleterious or other objectionable material.
(b) Concrete Sand.
Concrete sand may be used as bedding material for watermains and shall conform to the specifications for FineAggregate specified in ASTM Standard C-33. Fine Aggregateshall consist of natural sand, manufactured sand or acombination thereof and shall be graded within the followinglimits.
The aggregates shall not consist of any roots, organicmaterial, trash, clay lumps or other deleterious or otherobjectionable materials, in excess of limits prescribed inthe C-33 Standard.
(c) Pea Gravel.
Pea Gravel may be used as bedding material for water mainsand shall conform to the specifications for CoarseAggregates specified for No. 8 size in ASTM Standard C-33.Coarse Aggregates shall consist of gravel composed of small,smooth, rounded stones or pebbles and shall be graded withinthe following limits.
Sieve Size Percent Passing
1/2 inch 1003/8 inch 85-100No. 4 10-30No. 8 0-10No. 16 0-5
The aggregates shall not consist of any roots, organicmaterial, trash, clay lumps or other deleterious or otherobjectionable materials, in excess of limits prescribed inthe C-33 Standard.
(d) Gem Sand.
Gem sand may be used as bedding material for water mains andshall generally conform to specifications for CoarseAggregates specified for No. 8 size in ASTM Standard C-33.Specifically, the aggregates shall be graded within thefollowing limits.
Sieve Size Percent Passing
3/8 inch 95-1001/4 inch 60-80No. 4 15-40No. 10 0-5
The aggregates shall not consist of any roots, organicmaterial, trash, clay lumps or other deleterious or otherobjectionable materials in excess of limits prescribed inthe C-33 Standard.
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(e) Crushed Limestone.
Crushed limestone may be used for bedding as called for inthese specifications. The material shall meet thegradations described for Pea Gravel and shall have aplasticity index of 12 percent or less.
(15) Backfill Material.
Unless otherwise specified on the plans, sand for backfillencasement of water mains shall be one of the followingmaterials:
(a) Cement Stabilized Sand.
Cement stabilized backfill shall contain a minimum of five(5) percent Portland cement per cubic yard of material asplaced based on the dry weight of the aggregate inaccordance with Test Method Tex-120-E. The materials shallconsist of aggregate, portland cement, and water. Cementand water shall conform to the material requirements of Item421, "Portland Cement Concrete". Aggregate shall be sand,free from deleterious matter, with a plasticity index notgreater than six (6) when tested by Test Method Tex-106-E.
(b) Earth or Native Soil.
Earth or native soil backfill shall consist of soilcontaining no deleterious material to include trash, woodfragments, organics, or other objectionable material. Thematerial may be from either the material removed from theexcavation or offsite sources. The material may consist ofsoil classified by the Unified Soil Classification System(USCS) as ML, CH, CL, CL-ML, SC, SP, SM, SW or GC. EarthBackfill proposed to be used shall meet the compactionrequirements specified herein and shall not cause anysettlement.
(c) Bank Run Sand.
Bank Run Sand may be used for backfill as called for inthese specifications and shall consist of soil classified asSP, SW or SM by the Unified Soil Classification System(USCS). The sand shall have a plasticity index, whentested, of less than seven (7) percent and shall have aliquid limit of 25 or less. Bank run sand shall have nomore than 15 percent passing the No. 200 sieve when tested.The material shall be free of any roots, organic material,trash, clay lumps or other deleterious or otherobjectionable material.
(16) Concrete.
All concrete shall be Class "A" conforming to the requirementsof Item 421, "Portland Cement Concrete", unless otherwisespecified on the plans.
All forms shall be left in place unless the Engineer directsthat certain sections of the forms be removed.
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(17) Grout for Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe Joints.
(a) General.
Interior joint grout shall be mixed with as little wateras possible so that the grout will be very stiff butworkable. Exterior joint grout shall be mixed with wateruntil it has a consistency as recommended by themanufacturer.
Water shall have total dissolved solids less that 1000mg/l as measured in accordance with ASTM D 1888, Method A;chloride ions less than 100 mg/l for slurry and mortarcure, as measured in accordance with ASTM D 512; pHgreater than 6.5 as measured in accordance with ASTMD1293.
(b) Nonshrink Grout.
The nonshrink grout shall meet the following requirements:
It shall be a pre-blended factory packaged materialmanufactured under rigid quality control, suitable for usein the joints of prestressed concrete cylinder pipe.
It shall contain nonmetallic natural aggregate and shallbe nonstaining and noncorrosive.
It shall conform to the requirements of the Corps ofEngineers' Nonshrink Grout Specification CRD C-621, andASTM C1107, when tested at fluid consistency.
It shall be suitable for use in contact with potable watersupply.
It shall be highly flowable so that the joint wrapperaround the exterior pipe joint can be filled withoutleaving any voids or trapped air. It shall be capable ofbeing placed with a plastic consistency in the interiorpipe joint.
It shall be nonbleeding and nonsegregating at a fluidconsistency.
It shall not contain any chlorides or additives which maycontribute to corrosion of the steel pipe.
It shall be free of gas-producing or gas-releasing agents.
It shall resist attack by oil and water.
"EUCON N-S Grout" as manufactured by Euclid ChemicalCompany, Cleveland, Ohio, "Gilco Construction Grout" asmanufactured by Cormix Construction Chemicals, Dallas, Txor approved equal shall be considered acceptable.
The nonshrink grout shall be mixed, placed and cured inaccordance with the manufacturer's instructions andrecommendations.
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The manufacturer of the nonshrink grout shall makeavailable, at no additional cost, and upon 72 hoursnotice, the services of a qualified representative to aidthe Contractor in assuring proper use of the product underjob conditions and shall be on site when the product isfirst used.
The grout shall have a minimum 3-day unconfinedcompressive strength of 2500 psi, and a minimum 28-dayunconfined compressive strength of 5000 psi. Strengthshall be tested in accordance with ASTM C1107.
Joint wrappers shall have minimum width of nine (9) inchesfor 33-inch diameter pipe and 12 inches for largerdiameter pipe. The wrapper shall be hemmed at each edgeto allow threading with a minimum 5/8-inch wide steelstrap. Wrappers shall have a minimum six (6) inch wideethafoam strip sewn circumferentially in the center of the12 inch wrapper and a 4 inch strip in the 9 inch wrapperto resist backfill penetration into the exterior jointrecess.
All forms shall be left in place unless the Engineerdirects that certain sections of the forms be removed.
(18) Water Meters, Meter Vaults and Meter Boxes.
(a) General.
Provide meters of the type and size as indicated on theplans. The main casing of meters and external fastenersshall be a copper alloy.
Register shall be standard; permanently sealed; straight-reading; center-sweep test hand; U.S. Gallons; adaptableto remote read. Digits: Black in color with lowestregistering three digits (below 1,000-gallon registration)having contrasting digit and background color. Stampmanufacturer's meter serial number on outer case and onoutside of register lid. Manufacturer's serial numbersshall be individual and not duplicated. Meters thatrequire a direct-reading remote register system shall be inaccordance with AWWA C706, and shall utilize a two-wireelectrical signal transmission assembly. Accuracyregistration tests meeting AWWA C705 will be conducted by arepresentative of the Utility owner or a certified testingfacility approved by the Engineer on all meters prior toinstallation. The following accuracy in percent of low-flow registration shall be the minimum acceptable forcompliance with these specifications:
METER SIZE FLOW % ACCURACY REQUIRED
(GPM)3" 5 954" 15 956" 20 958" 20 95
10" 30 9512" 30 95
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The laying length of meters with standard service strainersbolted onto main cases shall be as follows:
LAYING LENGTH (IN)METER SIZE (IN) WITH 1" TOLERANCE
3 194 226 278 31
10 4112 41
Meters shall be manufactured by Hersey, Sensus, Neptune,Rockwell, Badger, or approved equal.
All pipe and fittings inside the meter box or meter vaultshall be ductile-iron or cast-iron conforming withSubarticles 2.(3), "Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings" and2.(4), "Cast-Iron Pipe and Fittings", of this specificationand as specified on the plans.
Meters shall meet AWWA C701, Class II. Tailpiecesfor the meters shall be supplied with spuds.
(ii) Displacement type shall be designed to conform toAWWA C700 for sizes 1/2-inch up to and including1-1/4-inch; should include a oscillating piston;frost protection bottom; coupling nuts.
(iii) Compound type shall be designed to conform to AWWAC702 for sizes 2-inch through 10-inch.
(iv) Propeller type shall be allowed for sizes 2-inchthrough 36-inch; tap boss on main casing for fieldtesting.
(v) Fire Service type shall be Turbine-type and conformto AWWA C703, with separate check valve conforming toAWWA C510.
(c) Strainers.
Potable water meters 1/2-inch through 2-inch shall be selfstraining by means of an annular space between measuringchamber and external case or with strainer screensinstalled in meter; provide rigid screens which fit snugly,are easy to remove, with effective straining area at leastdouble that of main case inlet.
Potable water meters 3-inch in diameter and larger shall beequipped with separate external strainers whose bodies areof similar composition as meter case, and which are boltedonto the meter's inlet side with an easily removable lid.A pet cock shall be provided on the bottom for draining. Astrainer screen of 3-1/2 mesh per inch rounded cast bronze
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or its equivalent or stainless steel wire 3-1/2 mesh perinch or its equivalent with a clear area opening of notless than 45 percent shall be included. A cap screw shallbe furnished with the strainer.
Provide separate external strainers approved for use infire service metered connections by UnderwritersLaboratories as follows: Bodies: Cast iron or copperalloy. Ends: Flanged in accordance with ANSI B16.1, Class125. Provide stainless steel basket. Strainers:Manufactured by Hershey, Neptune, Rockwell, or equal.
(d) Commercial Meter Valves for Meter Installations.
Commercial meter valves shall be identical with line valvesexcept that they shall have Class 125 flanges, and beequipped with handwheels operating counterclockwise toopen.
(e) Meter Vault.
(i) General.
Meter vaults may be furnished in either of thefollowing designs: precast concrete vault orcast-in-place concrete vault. All concrete shall beClass "S" conforming to the requirements of Item421, "Portland Cement Concrete".
(ii) Precast Concrete Vault.
Precast concrete vault shall be constructed as shownon the plans. All reinforcing steel shall conformto the requirements of Item 440, "ReinforcingSteel".
Install precast vaults in accordance with themanufacturers recommendations. Set level on aminimum three (3) inch thick bed of sand conformingto the requirements of Subarticle 2.(15),"Backfill", of this specification. Lifting holesshall be sealed with cement mortar or non-shrinkgrout.
(iii) Cast-In-Place Concrete Vault.
Cast-in-place concrete vaults shall be constructedas shown on the plans. All reinforcing steel shallconform to the requirements of Item 440,"Reinforcing Steel". Walls shall be castmonolithically unless vault depth exceeds 12 feet.If vault depth is 12 feet or greater, one (1) coldjoint shall be allowed.
(iv) Frame and Cover.
All welded steel shall be A-36 or equal. Coverplate shall be 1/4 inch skid resistant raisedpattern floor plate. Meter access door shall bemade from the same material as cover plate. Allwelding shall be accomplished in accordance with the
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provisions of Item 441, "Steel Structures".Nondestructive testing will not be required.
Castings for frames, grates, rings and covers shallconform to ASTM A48 Class 30. Provide lockingcovers if indicated on the plans. Castings shall becapable of with standing the application of anAASHTO HS-20 loading, unless otherwise specified.
Covers and frames shall conform to the shapesdimensions, and be provided with the wording orlogos shown on the plans. Standard dimension forall manhole covers shall be 32 inches. Frames,grates, rings and covers shall conform to Item 471"Frames, Grates Rings and Covers" except as notedabove and except for measurement and payment.
(f) Meter Box.
(i) General.
Meter boxes for 5/8-inch through 1-inch meters shallbe of the following materials:
a) Non-traffic bearing locations shall be Cast-Iron, concrete or plastic as specified on theplans.
b) Traffic bearing location: Cast-Iron,
Meter boxes for 1-1/2-inch and 2-inch meters shallbe cast iron at all locations.
Meter box lids shall have key-operated, spring type,locking device and shall have a reading lid. Lidsshall contain sufficient metals that meter box canbe easily located with metal detector. If words arespecified on the plans, they shall be cast into lidwith letters of 1/2 inch height and raised by 3/32inch. Size shall read 5/8-inch to 1-inch or1-1/2-inch to 2-inch.
Meter box dimensions shall conform to the followingapproximate dimensions.
a) Length: At top 15-1/2 inches; at bottom 20inches
b) Width: At top 12-1/2 inches; at bottom14-3/4 inches
c) Height: 12 inches
Meter box extensions 3 inches and 6 inches in heightshall be available from the manufacturer.
(ii) Cast-Iron Meter Boxes.
Cast-iron boxes shall be clean and free from sandblow-holes or other defects and shall conform to therequirements of ASTM A48. Bearing surfaces shall be
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machined so that covers seat evenly in frames.Boxes and lids shall have dipped, coal-tar-pitch,varnish finish. Provide lock-type meter boxes whenshown on the plans. Lock mechanisms shall work withease.
(iii) Concrete Meter Boxes.
Concrete meter boxes shall be made of Class "A"concrete conforming to requirements of Item 421"Portland Cement Concrete". Construct boxes asshown on the plans. Castings shall be free fromfractures, large or deep cracks, blisters or surfaceroughness or any other defects that may affectserviceability.
(iv) Plastic Meter Boxes.
Plastic meter boxes shall be made of high densitypolyethylene conforming to the following ASTMSpecifications:
Meter boxes shall meet the following testrequirements:1. Static Load: Not less than 2500 pounds
using 6-inch disc with direct compressionexerted at center of top of meter box withsolid plastic lid.
2. Deflection: Not less than 1000 pounds loadrequired to deflect top edge of meter box1/8 inch.
Meter box body, without lid, shall weighapproximately seven (7) pounds.
(19) Affidavit of Compliance.
Unless otherwise directed by the Engineer, the Contractor willbe required to furnish a manufacturer's affidavit of compliancefor each of the materials used in this project. The affidavitshall certify that factory inspection and all specified testshave been made and that the material furnished complies with therequirements outlined herein.
(20) Pressure Reducing Station.
All station piping, valves and fittings shall be new and unusedunless otherwise specified on the plans and shall be of the sametype used on the existing station.
Concrete shall be Class "S" conforming to Item 421, "PortlandCement Concrete".
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Reinforcing steel shall conform to Item 440, "ReinforcingSteel".
A pressure reducing valve (PRV) with strainer shall be providedin the location and arrangement as shown on the plans. Thevalve body shall be ASTM A 48 cast iron or ASTM A 126, Class Bcast iron with 125 Class ANSI B16.1 flanges. The valve covershall be ASTM A 48 cast iron. All valve internals shall be Type303 stainless steel or B-62 bronze. All rubber parts shall beBuna-N. No leather parts shall be allowed. Resilient seatshall have a rectangular cross section.
Control tubing shall contain shutoff cocks with a "Y" strainer.The valve shall be equipped with a valve position indicator.
The valve and valve box shall be initially set in the field byan authorized manufacturer's representative. The downstreampressure shall be set at 60 psi. The PRV shall come with anadjustable and pressure sustaining pilot systems. The mainvalve shall be a diaphragm type globe valve.
A Cla-Val Model 90-01, or approved equal shall be provided forPRV's 16 inches and smaller. Cla-Val Model 690-01 or approvedequal for 20 inches and 24 inches PRV's.
A basket strainer upstream of the pressure reducing valve shallbe provided as shown on the plans. Strainer body shall bequick-opening type, fabricated steel construction with ANSIClass 150 flanges. The basket shall be Type 304 stainlesssteel.
A Hayward Model 90 or equal shall be used for PRV's 4 inches to24 inches shall be provided. When there are space constraints,A Hayward Model 510 or equal for PRV's 14 inches or greater,shall be provided.
(21) Manholes.
Materials for manholes shall conform to the materialrequirements of Item 465 "Manholes and Inlets", except thatbrick manholes are not allowed.
3. Construction Methods.
(1) Excavation.
(a) Trenches.
All water lines shall be constructed in open cut trencheswith vertical sides except in those locations where thepipe is to be jacked, bored, tunneled or augered. Thetrench shall conform to the dimensions shown in theexcavation and backfill diagram.
Trenches shall be sheathed and braced to the extentnecessary to maintain the sides of the trench in a ver-tical position throughout the construction period.Excavation greater than five (5) feet in depth shall beprotected as specified by Item 402, "Trench ExcavationProtection" or Item 403 "Temporary Special Shoring".
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The trench must be opened and excavated to the finishedgrade at all times for a distance of at least 50 feet inadvance of the last joint of pipe which has been placed.Water mains, to which the mains under construction are tobe connected, must be definitely located well in advance ofsuch connection to allow for possible adjustment ofalignment and/or grade.
Water mains shall be constructed in dry trenches. If itbecomes necessary to employ well pointing, additionalsheathing, or to provide a concrete seal in the bottom ofthe trench to accomplish this objective, this additionalwork shall be performed by the Contractor withoutadditional compensation.
For pipes under 30 inches in diameter, minimum trench widthbelow top of pipe shall be outside diameter of pipe plus 12inches. For pipes 30 inches and larger, trench width belowtop of pipe shall be not less than outside diameter of pipeplus 16 inches, but not wider than outside diameter of pipeplus 24 inches. Additional width will be required forunstable conditions. Unstable conditions will bedetermined by the Engineer.
Where it is necessary to excavate trenches adjacent toimproved property, the Contractor will be required to takenecessary precautions so as not to damage or impair thatproperty. Where it is necessary to disturb grass, shrubs,driveways, etc., the Contractor will be required to restoresuch improvements to their original condition.
(b) Existing Streets.
Unless otherwise shown on the plans, all existing streetsshall be open cut.
Where water line construction necessitates cutting throughexisting streets outside the limits of new streetconstruction, said streets shall be replaced in kind inaccordance with the appropriate specifications in theproposal or as directed by the Engineer.
Where, in the opinion of the Engineer, it is necessary tomaintain traffic across a trench, the Contractor will berequired to construct temporary bridges as necessary tofacilitate the movement of traffic.
At locations where the proposed water main parallels theedge of an existing permanent pavement (i.e., concretepavement, concrete base with asphalt surface, etc.), and isthree (3) feet or less from the edge of that pavement, thetrench shall be protected with timber sheathing andbracing. Bracing shall be left in place at intervals notto exceed five (5) feet.
The street surface adjacent to the trench must be kept freeof surplus spoil. Construction materials shall be placedat locations that will minimize interference with thetraveling public.
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No more than two (2) street intersections shall be closedat any one time unless authorized by the Engineer inwriting.
(2) Jacking, Tunneling, Boring or Augering.
(a) General.
Jacking, tunneling, boring or augering for water mainsshall be performed at the locations shown on the plans andat such other locations specifically designated by theEngineer.
Unless otherwise shown on the plans, casing pipe shallconform to the requirements of Section 2.(2)(b), "SteelCasing Pipe", of this specification.
All auger pits shall be excavated to a finished grade atleast six (6) inches lower than that indicated by theconstruction stakes or as approved by the Engineer toensure that a dry bottom is encountered.
The minimum width of jacking, tunneling, boring or augeringpits shall be such that there shall be at least six (6)inches of space between the pipe and the walls of the augerpit. The maximum allowable width of the pit shall be five(5) feet unless approved by the Engineer. The width of thepit at the surface shall not be less than at the bottom.The maximum allowable length of the pit shall be not morethan five (5) feet longer than one (1) full joint of pipeof the type being used and shall not exceed 25 feet unlessapproved by the Engineer.
There must be no inadvertent metallic contact betweencasing and carrier pipe. Spacing of spacers should ensurethat carrier pipe is adequately supported throughout itslength, particularly at ends, to offset settling andpossible electrical shorting. End spacer must be withinsix (6) inches of end of casing pipe, regardless of size ofcasing and carrier pipe or type of spacer used. Casingspacers are designed to withstand much greater loads thancan be safely applied to most coatings. Therefore, spacingbetween spacers depends largely on load bearingcapabilities of pipe coating and flexibility of pipe.
Casing spacers should be installed in accordance withmanufacturer's instructions. Special care should be takento ensure that all subcomponents are correctly assembledand evenly tightened, and that no damage occurs duringtightening of insulators or carrier pipe insertion.
Annulus between carrier pipe and casing should be sealedwith casing end seals at each end of casing.
Insulator Spacing:1. Spacing shall be as shown on the plans with the maximum
distance between spacers to be 10 feet for pipe sizes4-inch to 14-inch and 8 feet for pipe sizes 16-inch to30-inch.
2. For ductile iron pipe, flanged pipe, or bell-and-spigotpipe, spacers should be installed within one (1) foot
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on each side of the bell or flange and one in thecenter of the joint when 18 to 20 foot-long joints areused.
3. If casing or carrier pipe is angled or bent, spacingshould be reduced.
Bedding and backfill of jacking, tunneling, boring oraugering pits shall be in accordance with details on theplans and these specifications.
(b) Jacking.
Jacking shall conform to the requirements of Item 476,"Jacking, Boring or Tunneling Pipe".
(c) Tunneling.
Tunneling shall conform to the requirements of Item 476,"Jacking, Boring or Tunneling Pipe".
(d) Boring or Augering.
Boring or Augering shall conform to the requirements ofItem 476, "Jacking, Boring or Tunneling Pipe".
At all locations where water pipes cross underneathdriveways (of 16 feet or less in width) and/or sidewalks,pipe shall be installed in tight fitting augered holes.
At locations where the centerline of the proposed watermain is 10 feet or less from the centerline of an eight(8)inch diameter or larger growing tree, the pipe shall beplaced in a tight fitting augered hole. The bored holeshall extend at least four (4) feet beyond each side of thetree.
The size of the augered hole shall be of such diameter toprovide ample clearance for bells or other joints but nomore than 2 inches larger than the diameter of the bell onthe pipe.
(e) Bedding for Trenches, Jacking, Tunneling, Boring orAugering Pits.
(i) Pipe Bedding for Water Mains less than 30 inches in
Diameter.
(a) Open Cut Installation.
All trenches shall have a minimum of six-inchbedding.
The soil in the bottom of the trench, excavated for adepth of six (6) inches below the bottom of pipe,shall be removed and replaced with bedding material.All saturated material from the bottom of the pitshall be removed prior to placing the bedding. Thepipe shall be placed in the bedding such that there isa six-inch bedding below and up to the spring line ofthe pipe. All bedding material shall be compacted to
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standard density within five (5) percent of optimummoisture as determined by Test Method Tex-113-E. Allbedding material shall be mechanically compacted byusing vibratory equipment or any other equipmentacceptable to the Engineer.
The following are the acceptable materials for beddingas described in Subarticle 2.(14), "Bedding Material",of this specification:
1) Pea Gravel;2) Concrete Sand;3) Gem Sand.
Bank run sand may be used as bedding material aroundthe pipe only if, in the opinion of the Engineer, thetrench bottom and sides are dry. If sand is used, thepipe shall be placed in the bedding such that there isat least a six-inch bedding around and on top of thepipe. Sand shall be compacted as described in (a)above.
(b) Auger and Bore Pits.
All auger pits shall have a minimum of six-inchbedding. The soil in the pit, excavated for a minimumdepth of six (6) inches below the bottom of pipe shallbe removed and replaced with bedding material.
All saturated material from the bottom of the pitshall be removed, prior to placing the beddingmaterial. The pipe shall be placed in the beddingsuch that there is a six-inch bedding below and up tothe spring line of the pipe.
All bedding material shall be mechanically compactedby using vibratory equipment or any other equipmentacceptable to the Engineer. All bedding materialshall be compacted to 90 percent of the standarddensity within five (5) percent of optimum moisture,as determined by Test Method Tex-113-E.
The following are the acceptable materials for beddingup to the spring line of the pipe, as described inSubarticle 2.(14), "Bedding, Material", of thisspecification:
1) Pea Gravel;2) Concrete Sand;3) Gem Sand;4) Crushed limestone.
Bank run sand shall not be used as bedding material inauger pits.
(ii) Pipe Bedding for Large Diameter Water Mains (30 Inchesor Greater in Diameter).
(a) Open Cut.
The soils in the bottom of the trench shall be
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excavated six (6) inches below the specified bottom ofpipe for either concrete, ductile iron pipe, or steelwaterlines. The six-inch space shall be backfilledwith bank run sand and compacted to 90 percent of thestandard maximum density within five (5) percent ofoptimum moisture, as determined by Test MethodTex-113-E.
If, the bottom of the excavation becomes wet due tothe presence of groundwater and a dewatering system isnot required and if directed by the Engineer, theContractor shall over excavate an additional six (6)inches to a depth of one (1) foot below the bottom ofthe pipe. The Contractor shall place a non-wovengeotextile fabric and then compact 12 inches of bankrun sand or concrete sand in one (1) lift on top ofthe fabric. The upper six (6) inches shall becompacted to 90 percent of the standard maximumdensity as determined by Test Method Tex-113-E. TheEngineer may require removal of unstable or unsuitablematerial by the Contractor, even though the Contractorhas not determined the material to be unsuitable.
Cement stabilized sand utilized as backfill or as pipebedding as specified on the plans shall be compactedin six-inch lifts to 90 percent of the standardmaximum density as determined by Test MethodTex-113-E, at optimum moisture content.
(3) Handling of Pipe and Accessories.
At all times during pipe construction operations, the Contractorshall use every precaution to prevent injury to the pipe,protective linings and coatings in accordance withmanufacturer's recommendations.
Any damage to the pipe or the protective lining and coating fromany cause during the installation of the pipeline and beforefinal acceptance by the purchaser shall be repaired at theexpense of the laying contractor as directed by the Engineer andin accordance with the applicable standards.
Pipe, fittings, valves and accessories shall be unloaded at thepoint of delivery and hauled to the site of the project. Thematerial shall be distributed opposite or near the place whereit is to be laid in the trench. Under no circumstances shallthe materials be dropped. Pipe handled on skidways shall not beskidded or rolled against pipe already on the ground.
All pipe and fittings shall be loaded, transported, unloaded andotherwise handled in a manner and by methods which will preventdamage of any kind thereto. Pipe shall be handled andtransported with equipment designed, constructed and arranged toprevent damage to the pipe, lining and coating. Bare chains,hooks, metal bars, or narrow skids or cradles will not bepermitted to come in contact with the coatings. Spiders shallbe installed by manufacturer at joint ends of fittings.
Pipe and fittings shall be hoisted from the trench side into thetrench by means of a sling of smooth steel cable, canvas,leather, nylon or similar material. Pipe shall not be lifted
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using hooks at each end of the pipe. When pipe is stacked, pipeis to be packaged on timbers. Protective pads are to be placedunder banding straps at the time of packaging.
When fork trucks are used to relocate pipe, the forks shall bepadded using carpet or some other suitable type of materials.When pipe is relocated using a crane or backhoe, nylon strapsand not chains or cables shall be used around the pipe forlift.
(4) Pipe Cutting.
Cast-iron and ductile-iron pipe, 12 inches in diameter andsmaller, shall be cut in accordance with the manufacturersrecommendations. All pipe larger than 12 inches shall be cut ina manner approved by the Engineer. Regardless of the methodemployed, each cut shall be at right angles to the axis of thepipe and shall be filed or ground to the original degree ofbevel as manufactured.
(5) Defective or Damaged Material.
Pipe and accessories shall be inspected for defects prior tobeing lowered into the trench. Any defective, damaged, orunsound material shall be repaired or replaced as directed bythe Engineer.
Should a damaged piece of pipe furnished by the Contractor beplaced in the water main, the Contractor shall furnish at hisexpense all labor and materials required for removing andreplacing the defective pipe and restoring the street to itsoriginal condition. Should the Contractor damage the pipe afterinstallation, the Engineer may permit the damaged section to becut from the length unless it is the opinion of the Engineerthat the entire length was damaged. The cost and replacement ofbroken pipe will be at the expense of the Contractor.
(6) Cleaning of Pipe and Accessories.
All lumps, blisters and excess coating shall be removed from thebell and spigot ends of cast-iron pipe, ductile-iron pipe,asbestos cement pipe, valves, hydrants and fittings. Theoutside of the spigot and the inside of the bell shall be wirebrushed and wiped clean, dry and free from oil and grease beforethe pipe is laid.
All foreign matter or dirt shall be removed from the interior ofall water pipe and accessories and from the mating surfaces ofthe joints prior to lowering the material into the trench. Thepipe and accessories shall be kept clean during and after layingby means approved by the Engineer.
Cleaning solutions, detergents, solvents, etc. should be usedwith caution when cleaning PVC pipe.
(7) Laying of Pipe.
For the work of laying the pipe, the Contractor shall employonly workmen who are skilled and experienced in laying pipe of
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the type and joint configuration being furnished. It shall bethe responsibility of the Contractor to provide watertight pipeand pipe joints. Pipe shall be laid with bell ends facing inthe direction of laying, unless otherwise directed by theEngineer.
Pipe shall be laid to the lines and grades shown on the plans.To ensure proper placement, the Contractor shall use adequatesurveying methods and equipment and shall employ personnelcompetent in the use of this equipment. The pipe shall notdeviate from the horizontal and vertical alignment as indicatedon the plans by more than 0.10 foot without prior consent of theinspector. The Contractor shall measure and record the "as-built" horizontal alignment and vertical grade at a maximum ofevery 50 feet on the on-site recorded plans.
Pipe trenches shall be kept free of water which might impairpipe laying operations at all times during laying operations.Holes for bells shall be of ample size to prevent bells fromcoming in contact with the subgrade. Pipe trenches shall becarefully graded so as to provide uniform support along thebottom of pipe.
Not more than 50 feet of pipe shall be laid in the trench aheadof backfilling operations and if pipe laying operations areinterrupted for more than 48 hours, all pipe laid in the trenchshall be covered simultaneously on each side of the pipe toavoid lateral displacement of the pipe and damage to the joints.If adjustment of the position of a length of pipe is requiredafter it has been laid, it shall be removed and re-laid inaccordance with these specifications and at the Contractor'sexpense. After all pipe laying and joining operations arecompleted, the inside of the pipe shall be cleaned and alldebris removed.
Care shall be taken to prevent damage to the coating whenplacing backfill. Backfilling shall be in accordance withSubarticle 3.(9), "Backfilling", of this specification.
Pipe shall be laid in a straight line unless otherwise shown orapproved by the Engineer. Long radius curves, either horizontalor vertical, may be laid with standard pipe by deflections atthe joints. If the pipe is shown curved, no special fittingsare needed. The curves can be made by deflection of the jointswith standard lengths of pipe as approved by the Engineer.Maximum pipe joint deflection, if permitted, shall not exceedthe pipe manufacturer's recommendation. Gasketed pipe shall bejointed in a straight alignment and then deflected to the curvedalignment.
If the deflection exceeds the maximum recommended by themanufacturer, the Contractor shall be required to remove theentire portion of the deflected pipe section and install newpipe as directed by the Engineer. This work will not be paidfor but will be at the Contractor's entire expense.
Where field conditions require deflection curves not shown onthe plans, the Engineer will determine the methods to be used.No additional payment will be made for laying pipe on curves asshown, nor for field changes involving standard lengths of pipedeflected at the joints.
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Assessment of deflection may be measured by the Engineer at anylocation along pipe. Arithmetical averages of the deflection orsimilar average measurement methods will not be deemed asmeeting the intent of the standard.
The pipe, valves, hydrants and fittings shall be adjusted so asto be at their proper locations and each joint shall be preparedas specified in Subarticle 3.(8), "Joining of Pipe andAccessories", of this specification. As each joint of pipe islaid in the trench, the spigot end shall be centered in the bellof the previously laid pipe; the pipe shall be forced home andbrought to correct line and grade. Each length of pipe shallrest on the bottom of the trench throughout its entire length.
Whenever the laying of pipe is discontinued for the day or foran indefinite period, a cap or plug shall be tightly placed inthe end of the last pipe laid to prevent the intrusion of water.When water is excluded from the interior of polyvinyl chloridepipe, enough backfill shall be placed on the pipe to preventfloating. The Contractor shall schedule his work to prevent thepossibility of floatation. Any pipe that has floated shall beremoved from the trench and relaid as directed by the Engineer.
When PVC pipe has been assembled on top of the trench, it shallbe allowed to cool to ground temperature before backfilling toprevent pull out due to thermal contraction.
For Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe, the manufacturer shallprovide the services of a service representative for a period ofnot less than two (2) weeks at the beginning of the actual pipelaying operations to advise the Contractor in all aspects ofinstallation including but not limited to handling and storing,cleaning and inspecting, coatings and linings repairs, andgeneral construction methods as to how they may affect the pipe.
The void space around the pipe in the augered hole shall beblocked with approximately 12 inches of packed clay or similarmaterial approved by the Engineer, in such a manner that thebedding or backfill does not escape into the void around thepipe in the auger hole when compacted. The minimum volume ofthe clay or similar acceptable material to be used around thepipe shall be as follows:
Following the thorough cleaning of the inside of the belland the outside of the spigot, members shall be installedin accordance with the manufacturer's recommendation andAWWA C600 or as modified by these specifications.
Pipe and accessories that are not furnished with a depthmark shall be marked before assembly to assure that the
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spigot end is inserted to the full depth of the joint.
The fittings on small mains shall be braced with shortpieces of two-inch galvanized pipe as directed by theEngineer.
Each cast-iron plug installed under this contract shall bebraced by a standard pipe clamp, a 3-foot nipple of thesame diameter pipe as the nearby sections of mains, and ablock of concrete. Pipe clamps for 4-inch through 12-inchwater mains shall be Underwriters approved for undergroundwater service piping. Pipe clamps for water mains 16-inchand larger shall conform to details shown on the plans.
Lubrication for rubber-gasketed joints shall be watersoluble, non-toxic, non-objectionable in taste and odorimparted to the fluid, non-supporting of bacteria growth,and have no deteriorating effect on coatings or the rubbergaskets.
(b) Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe and Accessories.
Plastic pipe shall be joined in accordance with theinstructions furnished by the manufacturer. Pipe joinedusing solvent cementing techniques shall not be handled orinstalled in the trench until after the joints aresufficiently "cured" to prevent weakening the joint.
Lubrication for rubber-gasketed joints shall be watersoluble, non-toxic, non-objectionable in taste and odorimparted to the fluid, non-supporting of bacteria growth,and have no deteriorating effect on PVC or the rubbergaskets.
(c) Welded Joints for Steel Pipe.
If the joints are to be field welded for thrust restraint,the joints shall receive a full-fillet single lap-weldedslip type weld either inside or outside, or a buttweld typedouble weld, with a backing strap, in accordance with AWWAC206. Either automatic or hand welders may be used at theContractor's option. Prior to work being started, theContractor shall provide proof of certification ofqualification for all welders employed on the project forall the type of work procedures and positions involved.Qualification shall be in accordance with AWWA C206.Complete penetration of deposited metal with base metalshall be assured. The inside fittings and joints must befree from globules of weld metal which would restrict flowor become loose.
For 36-inch diameter and larger pipe, the joints are to befurnished with trimmed spigots (Carnegie shaped joint only)and interior welded. For 30-inch diameter and smallerpipe, the joints to be welded are to be exterior welded.
On bell-and-spigot lap-welded slip joints, deflection maybe taken at the joint by pulling a joint up to 3/4 inch, aslong as 1-1/2 minimum lap is maintained. The bell orspigot end may be miter cut to take deflections up to five(5) degrees as long as proper joint tolerances are
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maintained. Only one (1) end may be miter cut. Miter endcuts of both ends of butt-welded joints may be used forjoint deflections of up to 2-1/2 degrees.
Piping and equipment shall be aligned so that no part isoffset more than 1/8 inch. All fittings and joints shallbe set square and true, and the alignment shall bepreserved during welding operations. For butt-weldedjoints, The alignment of the butting ends shall be such asto minimize the offset between surfaces. For pipe of thesame nominal wall thickness, the offset shall not exceed1/16 inch. Line-up clamps shall be used for this purpose;however, care must be taken to avoid damage to linings andcoatings.
During welding, the lining shall be protected by draping an18-inch-wide strip of heat-resistant material over the tophalf of pipe on each side of lining holdback to avoiddamage to the lining by the hot splatter. If externalwelding is used or required, the tape coating shall besimilarly protected.
Welding rods shall be of a type compatible with the metalto be welded to obtain the strongest bond, E-70XX.
The metal shall be deposited in successive layers so thatthere will be at least two (2) passes or beads forautomatic welding and three (3) passes or beads for manualwelding in the completed weld.
On all welds, not more than 1-1/4 inch of metal shall bedeposited on each pass. Each individual pass, includingthe final one, shall be thoroughly cleaned by wire brushingand/or hammering to remove dirt, slag, or flux.
Welding shall not be performed under any weather conditionthat would impair the strength of the weld, such as wetsurface, rain or snow, dust or high winds, unless the workis properly protected.
Tack welds, if used must be of the same material and madeby the same procedure as the completed weld. Otherwise,tack welds shall be removed during welding operation.
Dirt, scale and other foreign matter shall be removed frominside piping before tying in sections, fittings or valves.
The Contractor shall have an independent certified testinglaboratory, approved by the Engineer, to perform weld testson all portions of the job. The cost of such testing shallbe included in the contract unit bid price for the watermain. Copies of all test reports shall be furnished to theEngineer for review. Testing shall be made by magneticparticle test methods for lap welds or by X-ray methods forbutt welds, for 100 percent of all joint welds. If adefective weld is revealed, the cost of the repair and theretesting of the repaired weld will be paid for by theContractor. The Engineer shall have the full and finaldecision as to the suitability of all welds tested. If any
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interior or exterior coating or lining is damaged duringthe welding process, it shall be repaired and returned toits original state as approved by the Engineer inaccordance with all applicable AWWA Standards.
(d) Flanged Joints for Steel Pipe.
Prior to the installation of bolts, the flange joints shallbe accurately centered and aligned to prevent mechanicalprestressing of flanges, pipe and equipment. Bolt holesshall be aligned to straddle the vertical, horizontal ornorth-south center line. The inclination of the flangeface from true alignment shall not exceed 3/64 inch perfoot.
Bolts shall be tightened progressively to preventunbalanced stress. Bolts shall be drawn tight to ensureproper seating of gaskets.
The Contractor shall pay particular attention to proceduresused in tightening and torquing flanged joints. Impropermethods may result in leakage and necessitate correctivemeasures. The Contractor should follow recommendedindustry standards and guidelines as set forth by thevarious fabricators and manufacturers.
(e) Rubber Gasketed Bell-and-Spigot Joints For Use OnPrestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe.
After the rubber gasket is placed in the spigot groove ofthe pipe, the rubber gasket cross section shall beequalized by inserting a tool or bar such as a largescrewdriver under the rubber gasket and moving it aroundthe periphery of the pipe spigot. The gaskets shall belubricated with a nontoxic water-soluble lubricant beforethe pipe units are jointed. The pipe units shall be fittedtogether in a manner to avoid twisting or otherwisedisplacing or damaging the rubber gasket. After the pipesections are joined, the gaskets shall be checked with afeeler gauge to ensure that no displacement of the gaskethas occurred. If displacement has occurred, the pipesection shall be removed and the joint shall be remade asif for new pipe. Remove the old gasket, inspect for damageand replace if necessary before remaking the joint.
(f) Welded Joints For Use On Prestressed Concrete CylinderPipe.
See the requirements of Section 3.(8)(c), "Welded Jointsfor Steel Pipe", of this specification.
(g) Flanged Joints For Use On Prestressed Concrete CylinderPipe.
See the requirements of Section 3.(8)(d), "Flanged Jointsfor Steel Pipe", of this specification.
(h) Joint Grouting For Use On Prestressed Concrete CylinderPipe.
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The grout shall be mixed in a machine mixer except whenless than 1/2 cubic yard will be used. Where less than 1/2cubic yard is required, grout may be hand mixed. Only theamount of grout needed for immediate use shall be mixed.Grout that has set shall be discarded. Retempering ofgrout by any means is not permitted.
Grout shall be prepared in small batches so as to preventstiffening before it is used. Any grout which has becomeso stiff that proper placement cannot be assured shall bediscarded. Grout for filling grooves shall be of suchconsistency that it will adhere to the ends of the pipe.
Surface preparation shall involve the removal of alldefective concrete, dirt, oil, grease and other foreignmaterial from concrete surfaces by brush, hammering,chipping or other similar means, until a sound, cleanconcrete surface is achieved. Rust and all foreignmaterials shall be removed from all metal surfaces thatwill contact with the grout.
Refer to Item 420, "Concrete Structures", for specialprecautions to be used for concreting during periods of hotor cold weather.
The completion of the outside joint operations andbackfilling of the pipe trenches shall follow pipelayingoperations as closely as practical.
Prior to filling the joint with grout, the outside spaceshall be flushed with water so that the surfaces of thejoint in contact with the grout filling will be thoroughlycleaned and moistened before the grout is poured.
After each joint is fully engaged, a joint grout bandconsisting of an ethyfoam diaper material shall be securedaround the pipe, over the exterior joint recess in such amanner that there will be essentially no leakage of grout.For lined prestressed concrete cylinder pipe, there shallbe no additional bedding or backfill material placed oneither side of the pipe until after the grout band isfilled and the grout has mechanically stiffened.
The band shall be completely filled with grout in one (1)operation by filling from one (1) side only until the groutrises on the opposite side, and then rodded or agitated onboth sides of the pipe alternately to settle the grout.The grout shall then not be agitated for at least 15minutes to allow excess water to seep through the jointband and to allow the grout to mechanically stiffen. Afterthis period, more grout shall be added if necessary to fillthe joint completely.
The gap at the top of the joint band shall be protectedfrom backfill by allowing the grout to stiffen, or bycovering with a structurally protective material. The bandshall not be removed from the joint.
For 36-inch and larger diameter pipe, once the backfill hasbeen placed and compacted up to the natural ground surface,pavement or subgrade, the inside joint space shall be
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cleaned and the joint surfaces shall be thoroughly wettedbefore being filled with stiff grout which shall betroweled smooth and flush with the inside surfaces of thepipe.
For 30-inch and smaller pipe, prior to backfill beingplaced and compacted, the inside joint recess shall befilled immediately prior to placing the pipe together by"buttering" the bell end with grout. After the joint isengaged, the joint grout shall be finished off smooth andclean as follows:
A swab as approved by the Engineer, shall be used for pipe20 inches and smaller in diameter.
For the 24-inch diameter pipe and larger, joints shall befinished with a hand trowel.
All improperly cured or otherwise defective grout shall beremoved and replaced by the Contractor at the Contractor'sexpense. The Engineer reserves the right to test the groutstrength at random.
When prestressed concrete cylinder pipe is installed in atunnel or encasement pipe and clearance within the casingdoes not permit the outside grout to be placed in thenormal manner, a flexible sealer, such as Flex Protex orapproved equal, shall be applied to the outside of thejoint prior to joint engagement. The surfaces receivingthe sealer shall be cleaned and primed in accordance withthe manufacturer's recommendation. Sufficient quantitiesof sealer shall be applied to assure complete protection ofall steel in the joint area. The interior of the jointshall be filled with grout as specified after jointclosure.
Grouting of the inside joint space for 36-inch diameterpipe and larger shall be accomplished at the end of eachwork day. Contractor must obtain written acceptance fromthe Engineer of the inside joints before proceeding withthe next day's pipe laying operation.
(9) Backfilling.
(a) General.
The Contractor will be required to backfill all trenches inaccordance with the requirements of Item 400, "Excavationand Backfill for Structures", except for measurement andpayment.
The backfill and clean-up of each section of main, i.e.,from valve to valve, shall begin immediately upon thecompletion of the hydrostatic test and shall continue untila final and complete clean-up of the section is obtained.Any portion of the trench which is left open in excess ofthat required to facilitate hydrostatic testing may beordered closed by the Engineer.
Surplus excavated materials are to be used in theembankments or disposed of as directed by the Engineer.
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(b) Pipe Backfill for Water Mains Less Than 30 Inches inDiameter.
(i) Open Cut.
Following completion of the pipe joints being made upand inspected. All trenches shall be backfilled withexcavated materials or any other backfill materialcovered by this specification as approved by theEngineer. The portion from springline of the pipe (orfrom six (6) inches on top of pipe if sand bedding isused) to the top of the trench shall be backfilled inlifts not to exceed nine (9) inches loose measurement.(Provided the trench is not located in sidewalks,roadways, roadway shoulders, driveways, etc. that arebeing used for automobile or pedestrian traffic). Thebackfill material shall be mechanically compacted byusing vibratory equipment or any other equipmentacceptable to the Engineer so that no settlement shalloccur. In no case shall the density be less than 90percent of the maximum dry density as determined inaccordance with Test Method Tex-114-E. The Engineerreserves the right to perform compaction tests on anas-needed basis. Compaction by water tamping isprohibited.
Cement stabilized sand, if utilized as backfill asshown on the plans, shall be placed and compacted to 90percent of the maximum density at optimum moisturecontent as determined in accordance with Test MethodTex-113-E.
Care shall be taken to see that no dirt, clods ortrench sides are allowed to fall and/or rest againstthe pipe prior to the completion of encasement orbackfill.
The allowable materials for backfill are listed inSubarticle 2.(15), "Backfill", of this specification.Backfilling and compaction shall continue in thismanner to the minimum elevation shown in the excavationand backfill diagram.
(ii) Auger Pits.
All auger pits shall be backfilled with bank run sandup to one (1) foot from the top of the natural ground.The final 12 inches of the backfill shall consist of 10inches of native soil in the bottom and two (2) inchesof bank run sand below the grass. The portion from thespring line of the pipe to the top of the pit shall bebackfilled in lifts not to exceed nine (9) inches(loose measurement). The backfill shall bemechanically compacted by using vibratory equipment orany other equipment acceptable to the Engineer, so thatno settlement shall occur. The material should becompacted to a minimum of 90 percent of the maximum drydensity at optimum moisture content as determined inaccordance with Test Method Tex-113-E or Tex-114-E.The Owner reserves the right to perform compaction
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tests on an as-needed basis. Compaction by watertamping is prohibited.
Cement stabilized sand, if utilized as backfill asshown on the plans, shall be placed and compacted to aminimum 90 percent at optimum moisture content asdetermined in accordance with Test Method Tex-113-E.
Care shall be taken to see that no dirt, clods or augerpit sides are allowed to fall and/or rest against thepipe prior to the completion of encasement or backfill.
The allowable material for backfill, in auger pitsshall only be bank run sand, described in Subarticle2(15), "Backfill", of this specification.
(c) Pipe Backfill for Large Diameter Water Main (30 Inches orGreater in Diameter).
Pipe trench backfill shall be thoroughly processed suchthat no lumps over six (6) inches in diameter remain. Thebackfill shall be compacted to a density of 95 percent ofthe maximum dry density at a moisture content no less thanthree (3) percent below or more than three (3) percentabove the optimum moisture, as determined in accordancewith Test Method Tex-113-E.
(10) Valves and Fire Hydrants.
Each valve and fire hydrant must be completely closed whenplaced in the pipe line.
Each hydrant shall be set at the location and grade indicated bythe stakes and shall be plumbed and braced and shall beinstalled in accordance with AWWA's requirements for firehydrant installation. If the barrel of a hydrant is to passthrough a concrete slab, a piece of one-inch thick preformedbituminous expansion joint material shall be fitted closelyaround the section of the barrel passing through the concrete.
Drainage shall be provided at the base of the hydrant inaccordance with AWWA C600.
Valves and hydrants shall be installed in accordance with AWWAC600, except where modified by this specification.
A final seal against the intrusion of the backfill materialshall be made by completely encasing the tapping sleeve withsheet vinyl of eight (8) mil thickness. Tape to secure thiswrapping shall be that manufactured for this purpose of PolykenNo. 900, Scotch Wrap No. 50 or approved equal.
(11) Tapping Sleeves and Valves.
(a) General.
(i) Install tapping sleeves and valves at the locations andusing the sizes shown on the plans.
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(ii) Thoroughly clean the tapping sleeve, tapping valve andpipe in accordance with the manufacturer's instructionsprior to installation.
(iii) Hydrostatically test the installed tapping sleeve to150 psig for a minimum of 15 minutes. Inspect thesleeve for leaks, and remedy any leaks prior to thetapping operation.
(iv) When tapping concrete pressure pipe, size on size, usea shell cutter one standard size smaller than that ofthe water line being tapped.
(b) Installation.
(i) Tighten bolts in the proper sequence so that unduestress is not placed on the pipe.
(ii) Align the tapping valve properly and attach it to thetapping sleeve.
(iii) Make the tap with a sharp shell cutter using thefollowing criteria:1. For 12-inch and smaller taps, use a minimum cutter
diameter one half inch less than the nominal tapsize.
2. For 16-inch and large taps, use the manufacturer'srecommended cutter diameter.
(iv) Withdraw the coupon and flush all cuttings from thenewly-made tap.
(v) Wrap the completed tapping sleeve and valve inaccordance with this specification.
(vi) Place the concrete thrust block behind the tappingsleeve (NOT over the tapping sleeve and valve).
(vii) Arrange for the mandatory inspection of theinstallation prior to backfilling. Completion of theinspection shall not be required before backfilling.
(viii) Backfill in accordance with this specification and asshown on the plans.
(12) Boxes for Valves.
(a) The cast-iron or ductile-iron pipe shall be cut to properlength and the box shall be assembled and braced inaccordance with details shown on the plans. Butterflyvalves for sizes 30-inch and larger will require manholesto be constructed over the operators.
(b) Concrete for valve box placement:1. For locations in new concrete pavement, use strength
and mix design of new pavement.2. For other locations, use class "A" concrete, conforming
to the requirements of Item 421, "Portland CementConcrete."
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(C) Install valve box and riser piping plumbed in a verticalposition. Provide 6-inch telescoping freeboard spacebetween riser pipe top butt end, and interior contactflange of valve box, for vertical movement damping. Risermay rest on valve flange, or provide suitable footpiece tosupport riser pipe.
(d) After valve box has been set, aligned, and adjusted so thatlid is level with final grade, pour a 24-inch by 24-inch by8-inch thick concrete block around valve box. Center valvebox horizontally within concrete block.
(13) Wet Connections.
The Contractor shall make the wet connections, under thedirection of the Engineer, in such a manner and at such hours asto minimize inconvenience to the public. When the existingmains have been cut or a plug removed for a connection, the workof making the connection shall progress without interruptionuntil complete.
Whenever the Contractor desires to proceed with a wet connec-tion without a complete shut-off, there will be no extra com-pensation for damages or extra work resulting from theincomplete shut-off.
The Utility owner shall operate all gate valves in the existingsystem and in sections of completed mains which have been placedin service. The Contractor shall notify the Utility owner atleast 24 hours in advance of making connections.
Wet connections which are 2-inch or smaller are sometimesreferred to on the plans as 2-inch standard connections orgooseneck connections. Items which may be necessary to completethese types of wet connections include corporation cock, saddle,copper tubing, brass fittings and 2-inch valves. Theseconnections are not to be used or construed as any part of a2-inch service line.
(14) Polyethylene Film Wrap.
Except as noted on the plans, cast-iron and/or ductile-iron pipe(including fittings and other appurtenances) shall be wrappedwith a polyethylene film. Fire hydrant barrels shall bewrapped.
(a) Tube Type Wrap.
When the polyethylene film is supplied in tubular form, itshall be installed on the pipe prior to placing the pipe inthe trench and in the following manner:
Elevate the spigot end of the pipe; brush mud and debrisfrom the pipe, and slip a length of film (approximately two(2) feet longer than the joint of pipe) over the joint ofpipe. Wrap the film tightly around the spigot end, leavingabout one foot extending beyond the end of the pipe, andtape the edge down lightly with polyethylene tape.
When the joint of pipe is picked up for placing in thetrench, remove any remaining mud, clay or debris. Insert
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the spigot end into the bell end of the joint previouslyplaced, push home, and release the pipe into the trench.Pick up the pipe joint at the bell, slide the film to apoint back of the bell, and prepare a bell hole.
When the next joint is laid, pull the film about three (3)feet beyond the bell so as to overlap the film attached tothe spigot of the new pipe joint. Wrap the film by foldingit longitudinally and tape securely in place to preventdamage during backfill. Do not tape the end that has justbeen slipped over the last bell but bind it with twine orother approved material.
At each corporation, draw the loose material up around thecorporation base and seal it with tape to insulate the two(2) dissimilar metals.
Wrap all fittings and fire hydrant leads, and tape or bindthe wrap with heavy twine. Fittings, such as bends andreducers, shall be wrapped similarly to the method outlinedabove. Specials, such as valves, tees, crosses, etc.,shall be wrapped by splitting, tucking and overlapping thepolyethylene tube, then closing the field made splices withthe required tape. Material to cover the valves may beacquired from excess overlapping polyethylene tubing onadjacent pipe joints. The polyethylene tubing should bedrawn over the bell of the pipe on either side andinsulated with field made seams as described above. Allfittings and specials that require concrete blocking shallbe completely wrapped prior to placing concrete.
(b) Sheet Type Wrap.
For sheet type wrap, the wrap may be applied around thepipe either prior to or after pipe has been positioned inthe trench. "Above ground" installation shall be similarto that described above for tubular installation. "Intrench" installation shall also be made in a manner similarto that described in Subarticle 3.(9), "Backfilling", ofthis specification, except that no dirt or otherdeleterious matter shall be allowed between the pipe barrelor bell and the film wrap. Film wrap material shall beclean and free of mud, dirt or other undesirable materialprior to placing around the pipe or fittings. In eithercase, one end of the polyethylene film shall be tightlytaped to the pipe one (1) foot away from the spigot end ofthe joint of pipe; the wrap shall be extended along thepipe length and shall overlap the end of the next jointwrap. At this point the wrap will NOT be taped but boundtightly to the pipe with twine.
(c) Bore Section Installation.
Cast-iron or ductile-iron pipe shall first be wrapped inpolyethylene tubing or sheet; the excess material shall belapped over to form a close fit around the barrel of thepipe. The wrap shall then be carefully bound in placeusing 1-inch x 2-inch or 1-inch x 4-inch lumber or similarmaterials and plastic binding bands at maximum one (1) footintervals. The material shall be taped approximately one(1) foot from spigot end with approximately three (3) feet
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left to lap over the next joint of pipe. Although there isno foolproof way of installing polyethylene wrapped pipe inbored holes, special care shall be exercised in seeing thatthe best possible job is achieved under the prevailingcircumstances. Alternate methods may be permitted subjectto the approval of the Engineer or as shown on the plans.
(15) Sterilization of Mains and Testing for Leakage.
(a) Sterilization of Mains.
The Utility owner will furnish water for chlorination andflushing without charge to the Contractor.
The Contractor shall furnish the necessary taps, risers andjumpers of such sizes and materials as are specified by theEngineer, and shall install the subject material in thelocations designated by the Engineer. Normally, eachvalved section of main will require one (1) 3/4 inch andone 1-1/2 inch tap and riser; however, on larger mains theEngineer may order that 1-1/2 inch or 2 inch taps andrisers be used. The Contractor shall also furnish andinstall the necessary temporary blind flanges, cast-ironsleeves, plugs, etc., as required to sterilize and pressuretest the new mains.
The Utility owner will handle at no cost to the Contractor,all operations involving opening and closing valves for wetconnections.
After the pipe has been laid and backfilled, all newly laidpipe shall be sterilized. Unless otherwise specified onthe plans the Utility owner, at his own expense, willfurnish the labor and materials necessary for the initialapplication of the sterilizing agent. Each valved sectionof pipe shall be slowly filled with water and all airexpelled from the pipe. Should taps at points of highestelevation be required to accomplish this, they shall befurnished and installed by the Contractor. After the mainis filled with water and all air expelled, the pipe shallbe charged with the sterilizing agent and allowed to standfor 24 hours. Unless otherwise specified on the plans theUtility owner will then flush the main with water. Afterflushing, samples will be drawn from the main and tested ata valid, testing facility approved by the Engineer. Aftersamples are drawn, the Contractor may then proceed with thepressure test and any necessary repairs. If the samples donot pass, the pipe shall be re-sterilized until the samplestaken are passed by the certified and approved testingfacility. Unless otherwise specified on the plans in theevent that more than one sterilization of the main (orportion of the main) is required, all additionalsterilizations will be charged to the Contractor at ratesestablished by the Utility owner.
(b) Testing for Leakage.
Following the first sterilization test, all newly laid pipeshall be subjected to a hydrostatic pressure of 125 psi,unless otherwise shown on the plans. Where practicable,pipe lines shall be tested in length, between line valves
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or plugs, not to exceed 1500 feet. The pressure test shallbe performed by means of a pump connected to the pipe in amanner satisfactory to the Engineer. The Contractor shallfurnish, install and operate the necessary connections,pump, meter and gauges. Prior to running the pressuretest, the meter shall be tested, sealed and approved (atthe Contractor's expense) by a certified testing facilityapproved by the Engineer. The duration of the test shallnot be less than eight (8) hours.
The following general regulations shall be observed duringeach leakage test for cast-iron, ductile-iron and PVC pipe.
Except for welded steel pipe in which no leakage ispermitted, pipe lines, when subjected to the specifiedpressure test, shall not show leakage in excess of 11.65gal./Dia.(inches) per mile/per 24 hrs.
All portions of the pipe showing visible leaks shall berepaired regardless of the total leakage shown by thepressure test. Any cracked or defective pipes, fittings,valves or hydrants discovered by means of this pressuretest shall be removed and replaced with sound material bythe Contractor. If the main is opened for any reason, itshall then be re-sterilized until satisfactory samples areobtained. It shall also be pressure tested until therequirements of this specification are met.
Immediately upon completion of sterilization and pressuretesting, the Contractor shall remove all taps, risers, andblow-offs and shall backfill the remainder of the trench inaccordance with the requirements of this specification.
No payment shall be made to the Contractor for performinghydrostatic testing (Leakage Test).
(16) Mains - Use of Completed Sections.
The Utility owner shall be permitted to use and operate any orall portions of the water mains which have passed the leakagetest and have been sterilized. Unless otherwise specified onthe plans, the valves in such completed sections shall beoperated only with the express permission of the Utility owner.
The use of the mains shall not be construed as acceptance ofsame and the Contractor will not be relieved of any of hisresponsibilities for fulfilling the conditions of the contractunless the mains are damaged due to negligence on the part ofthe Utility owner.
(17) Mains - Lowering.
When a main is to be lowered, the initial excavation shall bedone in such a manner as to permit the mains to rest on a numberof dirt benches. If soil conditions are unsatisfactory for dirtbenches, wooden blocks shall be used to support the mains. Thepipe shall then be attached by ropes, cable or chains tooverhead supports; the dirt benches or wooden blocks shall thenbe removed and the pipe slowly and evenly lowered into position.After the mains have been lowered, each damaged joint shall berepaired as directed by the Engineer.
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(18) Copper Service Line Construction.
The use of Hays-Seal and Mueller Company catalog numbers todescribe various fittings is not intended to be proprietary, butmerely to indicate clearly the respective types of fittingswhich are to be furnished.
(a) Installing Service Lines.
Copper service lines in curb and gutter streets shall belaid with a minimum of 30 inches of cover from top of curbto the top of the service line. Service lines laid incrowned streets with open ditches shall be laid with aminimum of 30 inches of cover at the crown and with aminimum of 18 inches of cover from the flow line of theditch to the top of the service line. Service linelocations shall be clear of all proposed paving andunderground work.
Care shall be exercised to keep the lines free of dirt andforeign matter at all times. Copper lines shall be puttogether in an entirely slack position and shall be free ofkinks. Service lines shall consist of one continuous runof copper tubing where possible. Bends shall be no greaterthan that originally found in the coil of tubing aspackaged. For 1-1/2-inch and 2-inch copper tubing shippedin straight lengths, the following bend criteria shall beused: For 2-inch copper tubing, a maximum of one (1) 45degree bend may be accomplished in a four-foot section; for1-1/2-inch copper tubing, a maximum of one (1) 45 degreebend in a three-foot section. No Kinks, dents, flats orcrimps will be permitted.
Meters should, in general, be located one (1) foot into thestreet right-of-way. Where this is not applicable, metersshould be located approximately one (1) foot from thesidewalk on the curb side. If the present meter locationconflicts with proposed driveway turnouts or other proposedstreet improvements, the meter should be shifted to missthe obstruction and re-connected to the customer's serviceline. Meters shall be reset at positions such that the topof the meter will be four (4) to six (6) inches belowfinished grade.
Where plans call for salvaging and relocating meter, meterbox and curb stop, these materials shall be removed withcare, thoroughly cleaned, and inspected by the Engineerprior to installation in the new location. If the planscall for relocating the meter (other than at some pointalong the existing service line), a new service line willbe required.
Where it is necessary to cross a paved street, the ser-vice line shall be pushed under the paving through apredrilled and prepared opening. Only full lengths ofcopper tubing shall be used and care shall be taken not todamage the tubing when pulling it through the preparedhole. Compression type unions are NOT to be used under thepaved street.
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(b) Corporation Stop Installation.
The main shall be tapped at a location such that a straightline passing through the meter and the corporation stopwill be at 90 degrees to the main. Taps shall be locatedin the upper portion of the main within 45 degrees of thepipe springline. The cutting operation shall be performedwith a sharp shell cutter tool and shall be approved by theEngineer.
Taps for service lines shall conform to the requirements ofthe following tables. Taps shall be spaced a minimum oftwo (2) feet apart.
| || Pipe Tapping Schedule || Pipe | service size || Diameter | 3/4" | 1" | 1-1/2" | 2 " || | Tapered | | | || 2" Boss |Thread Tap | | | || |Combination| | | || 2" Thin Wall |Saddlestop*| | | || 4" Cast Iron | Tapered | Tapered | | || or Ductile Iron |Thread Tap |Thread Tap| | || 4" Asbestos Cement | LICS | DSS | ------- | - ---- || 4" PVC(PC 150 & 200) | DSS; WBSS| DSS,WBSS| DSS,WBSS | DSS ,WBSS || 6" & 8" Cast Iron |Tapered | Tapered | Tapered | || or Ductile Iron |Thread Tap |Thread Tap|Thread Tap**| || 6" & 8" PVC(PC 150&200) | LICS | LICS | DSS, WBSS | DSS ,WBSS || 12" & Up Cast |Tapered | Tapered | Tapered | Tapered || or ductile iron |Thread Tap |Thread Tap| Thread Tap |Thread Tap ||6" & 8" Asbestos of Cement| LICS | LICS | DSS | D SS ||12" & up PVC(PC 150 & 200)| LICS | LICS | DSS, WBSS | DSS ,WBSS || 12" & Up Asbestos Cement | LICS | LICS | DSS | DSS |
* Mueller H-15092, or equal** For 2-inch connections where only 1-1/2-inch tap size is allowed, use
1-1/2 inch corporation stops with 2-inch coupling (Mueller 1-1/2-inchH-10003 with 2-inch H-15450 or Equal)LICS - Locking insert corporation stop (hays 4200 styles)DSS - Dual strap saddles.WBSS - Wide Band Strap Saddles
(c) Curb Stop Installation.
Curb stops or angle stops shall, in all cases, be set atthe outer end of the service line just ahead of the meter.Eighth bend or quarter bend couplings may be used toaccomplish close quarter turns in the service line. In all3/4-inch and 1-inch services, a meter coupling or swivelnut meter spud curb stop shall be installed ahead of themeter. A straight meter coupling shall also be installedon the outlet end of the meter. A new curb stop shall beinstalled when the service line is extended.
(d) Sequence of Work.
Open trench for proposed service line or prepare jackingand receiving pits.
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Install corporation stop in a workmanlike manner usingproper equipment.
Install copper service line and connect to corporationstop.
Install curb stop on the meter end of the service line.
With curb stop open, and prior to connecting service lineto meter, open corporation stop and flush service lineadequately. Close curb stop, leaving corporation stop infull open position.
Check service line for apparent leaks.
Connect service line to meter and if necessary adjust meterlocation. Care shall be taken to make sure that the inletside of meter is connected to city service line.Momentarily open curb stop to verify proper registration ofmeter.
Backfill all excavations; tamp the backfill material inplace to the density of the soil in the adjacent trenchwalls.
If the meter is to be relocated, the meter box shall bereplaced so that it is centered over the meter with top oflid flush with finished grade. When the meter must belocated in driveways or sidewalks, the Contractor will berequired to furnish and install an approved traffic typemeter box with cast-iron lid.
(19) Cutting and Plugging of Water Mains.
Where plans call for the abandonment of water mains, thefollowing general procedure shall be followed:
After the replacement main has been constructed,sterilized, tested and released, and all services trans-ferred to the replacement main, the main to be abandonedshall be located and traced back to the feeder main and atthis point cut and plugged at the tee. Normally, this isdone by installing a plug, clamp and a concrete reactionblock. In cases of 1-1/2-inch or 2-inch Corporation Cockor TS & V connections, the valve shall be removed and a capor plug installed at the Tee. In no instances shall theline to be abandoned be valved off at the nearest valve orcut and plugged other than at the supply main.
All ends or openings in abandoned mains shall be adequatelyplugged or capped in an approved manner and all excavationbackfill and any street surfaces replaced, to theEngineer's satisfaction. This shall be done in accordancewith Subarticles 3.(1), "Excavation" and 3.(9),"Backfilling", of this specification.
All surface identification shall be removed, i.e., valveboxes and fire hydrants. Valve boxes, when in improvedstreets other than shell, may be poured full of concretewith the cap permanently removed.
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(20) Service Lines of Public Utilities.
Where any pipe or conduit of a public utility corporationcrosses the water main trench, such pipe or conduit shall besupported in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer.
Should the Contractor consider it necessary for a utilitycorporation to relocate utility lines or other improvements, theContractor must notify the Engineer in advance. The Engineerwill make the necessary arrangements with the utilitycorporation if he considers it imperative that the change bemade.
(21) Relocation of Meter Vaults.
Existing valves, meters and strainers inside a vault shall besalvaged and returned to the utility owner or as designated onthe plans.
Pipe, valves, service lines and other appurtenances shall beinstalled in accordance with the pertinent Articles of thisspecification or as directed by the Engineer.
In general the type of meter vault shall be installed as shownon the plans or as approved by the Engineer.
(a) Precast Concrete Vault.
The precast concrete vault shall be constructed andfurnished as shown on the plans.
The precast concrete vault shall be set level on aminimum 3-inch bed of sand in an excavation andbrought to grade. Piping shall then be installedand sand shall be backfilled around vault.
(b) Cast-in-Place Concrete Vault.
The cast-in-place concrete vault shall beconstructed as shown on the plans.Key the walls to the floor slab and form to thedimensions as shown on the plans. Minimum wallthickness shall be four (4) inches. Cast wallsmonolithically. One (1) cold joint will be allowedwhen vault depth exceeds 12 feet. Set the frame forthe cover while the concrete is still green.
(c) Frame and Cover.
Frame and cover shall be constructed as shown on theplans.
In grass areas, the frame and cover shall be set 2inches to 3 inches above natural ground or finishedgrade and parallel to it (maximum angle fromhorizontal shall be 20 degrees). Backfill shall besloped away from meter.
In sidewalk areas, the frame and cover shall be set1/2 inch to 1 inch above adjacent concrete and
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parallel to it. Replacement concrete shall besloped away from meter.
(d) Inspections.
The following inspections shall be made jointly bythe Engineer and representatives of the Utilityowner:
(1) Site Location Inspection - proposed meterlocation must be approved prior to commencing work.
(2) Final Inspection - to be conducted after allbackfill is in place, cover installed, cleanupcompleted, and surface is restored.
(22) Adjustment of Existing Surface Structures.
(a) Manholes.
Elevation of manholes can be raised using precast concreterings or metal adjusting rings. Elevation of manholes canbe lowered by removing existing cast-in-place walls,adjusting rings or the top section of the barrel below thenew elevation and then rebuilding or raising the elevationto the proper height.
Salvage and reuse cast iron frames and covers. Protect orblock off manhole or inlet bottom using wood forms shapedto fit so that no debris or soil falls to the bottom duringadjustment.
Install a cast-in-place slab at the top of the manholebarrel to receive the cast-iron frame and cover. Formconcrete slabs to no less than six (6) inches thick. Setthe cast-iron frame for the manhole cover in a full mortarbed and adjust to the established elevation. In streets,adjust covers to be flush with pavement.
(b) Valve Boxes.
Salvage and reuse valve box. Remove and replace 6-inchductile-iron riser pipe with suitable length for depth ofcover required to establish the adjusted elevation toaccommodate actual finished grade.
Reinstall valve box and riser piping plumbed in verticalposition. Provide minimum 6-inch telescoping freeboardspace between the riser pipe top butt end and interiorcontact flange of valve box for vertical movement damping.
After valve box has been set, aligned, and adjusted so thattop lid is level with final grade, place 24-inch by 24-inchby 8-inch thick concrete block around the valve box.Center the valve box horizontally within the concrete box.
(c) Meter Boxes.
Salvage and reuse meter boxes when possible. Reinstall inaccordance with manufacturer's recommendations. Any damage
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to the meter box during relocation or service transfershall be at the expense of the Contractor.
If the existing meter box requires replacement, theContractor may obtain a new box from the Utility owner byproviding adequate documentation of the existing andproposed locations.
(d) Meter Vaults.
Adjustment of all meter vaults will be in accordance withthe details as shown on the plans. The Contractor shallsalvage and reuse access covers.
(23) Removing and Relocating Fire Hydrants, Valves, Meters or Boxes.
As noted on the plans and/or approved by the Engineer, firehydrants, valves, meters or boxes which are to be removed andrelocated shall be thoroughly cleaned before installation at thelocations shown on the plans. They shall be installed inaccordance with the requirements of Subarticle 3.(11), "TappingSleeves and Valves", of this specification. Should theContractor damage or fail to properly reclaim such firehydrants, valves, meters or boxes, he will be required toreplace them in kind at his expense.
At his option, the Contractor may substitute a new fire hydrant,valve, meter or box. All substituted items shall conform to theapplicable requirements of this specification, but no additionalpayment will be made for furnishing such substitutions. Shouldthis option be chosen, the existing fire hydrant, valve, meteror box shall become the property of the Contractor.
(24) Relocation of Water Meters and Boxes.
Existing curb stops, meters, unions, and meter boxes shall besalvaged, cleaned, inspected, and installed at the new locationin accordance with specifications in this section. When themeter and box is relocated, it will be moved the minimumdistance to enable access for new connections. Any damage tothe meter box during relocation or service transfer shall be atthe expense of the Contractor.
If the Contractor is unable to salvage the existing boxes, newboxes can be obtained from the Utility owner with properdocumentation of the existing and proposed location of themeter.
With the approval of the Engineer, meter boxes, when locatedadjacent to existing pavement, may be relocated when thisoperation will facilitate construction or decrease the costs.Approval of the Engineer must be obtained in writing in allcases and all related costs such as excavation, piping, meterbox relocation, removal and replacement of paving, etc. will beincidental to the project and born by the Contractor.
(25) Installation of Split Casing.
The Contractor shall notify the Utility owner, not less than 48hours in advance, of any work planned involving existing water
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lines. Water lines to be encased shall not have more than 20feet exposed at any time.
6-inch x 6-inch x 1-1/4-inch neoprene pads shall be placedbetween the split casing sections and the top and bottom of thewater lines at approximately six (6) foot spacings or asdirected by the Engineer.
The trench when completed and shaped to receive the casing shallbe of sufficient width to provide free working space forsatisfactorily installing the casing and backfilling under andaround the casing.
The split casing shall be held in place for welding by hinges,coupling bands or any other method acceptable to the Engineer.
All welded joints shall conform to the requirements of AWWAStandard C 206. Welds shall be such as to develop the fullstrength of the pipe throughout the joint.
The ends of the encasement pipe shall be plugged with a claycore to prevent entrance of excessive ground water.
(26) Securing, Supporting, and Anchoring.
(a) Pipe Supports.
Piping shall be supported as shown on the plans and asspecified herein to maintain the line and grade and toprevent the transfer of stress to adjacent structures.
(b) Anchorage of Main Line Fittings.
Thrust reaction due to fittings and bends shall berestrained through the pipe wall and joint welds. Whereshown on the plans, prestressed concrete cylinder pipefittings and bends installed on the water main shall beanchored by welding consecutive joints of pipe together toa distance on each side of the fitting. Steel cylinderthickness shall be sufficient for the transfer of theseforces longitudinally along the pipeline. The length ofthe restrained joints assumes that hydrostatic testing willbegin upstream and proceed downstream with respect to thenormal flow of the water in the pipe. If installation ortesting of the pipe differs from this assumption, theContractor shall submit for approval a revised method ofrestraining the pipe joints upstream and/or downstream ofthe device used to test against (i.e., block valve, blindflange, or dished head plug).
(c) Temporary Anchorage of Fittings.
The Contractor is responsible for providing adequatetemporary blocking around fittings when making connectionsto the distribution system and during hydrostatic tests.
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(27) Modifications for Cathodic Protection.
(a) General.
Cathodic protection systems shall be in accordance withSpecial Specification Item, "Cathodic Protection Systemsfor Large Diameter Water Main", as specified herein and asshown on the plans.
References to steel pipe shall be interpreted to apply totape coated welded steel pipe. Where damage occurs to pipecoatings during welding process. Affected area is to berefurbished to original condition.
Prestressed concrete cylinder pipe shall be modified forcathodic protection as required to ensure that all metalliccomponents, including the wire wrap are tied together. Thewire shall be attached to the cylinder at each end of thejoint by welding in accordance with paragraph 5.5.2 of AWWAC205.
(b) Bonded Joints.
1. Where rubber gasket bell and spigots are provided, theContractor shall provide for bonded joints by eitherwelding a strap or clip between the bell and thespigot of each joint or by providing a thermite weldedcable between the bell and the spigot of each joint.All pipe, whether installed in a tunnel or open cut,shall have bonded joints, except where insulatingflanges are to be provided. Where joints are weldedfor thrust restraint, no additional bonding will berequired.
2. Bonding Strap or Clip.
The strap or clip for bonding the bell to the spigotshall be free of all foreign material that mayincrease the contact resistance between wire and strapor clip.
Unless otherwise noted, insulation kits shall beprovided at connections to the existing water systemor at locations to isolate one type of cathodic systemfrom another type, between the water main, accessmanhole piping and other major openings in the watermain or as shown on the plans.
(28) Removing and Salvaging Fire Hydrants and Water Meters.
Fire hydrants and water meters to be removed and salvaged shallbe delivered to their owner at the location set forth on theplans or as directed by the Engineer.
(29) Manholes.
Manholes shall be constructed in accordance with Item 465,"Manholes and Inlets" and with the details shown on the plans.
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(30) Installation of the Nonmetallic Pipe Detection System.
The nonmetallic pipe detection system shall be installedconcurrently with the proposed pipe placement. Thisinstallation shall be as specified by the manufacturer and/or asapproved by the Engineer.
(31) Removing Water Main and/or Removing Water Main with Casing.
Removing water mains and/or water mains with casing shall be inaccordance with Item 100, "Preparing Right of Way" or as shownon the plans. This shall include the removal and disposal ofall pipe and appurtenances as shown on the plans or as directedby the Engineer. Excavation and backfill, required, will not bemeasured or paid for directly but will be considered subsidiaryto this Item.
4. Measurement. Measurement of completed and accepted work as describedherein shall be as follows:
(1) "Pipe Water Main (Cast-Iron)", "Pipe Water Main (Steel)"Pipe Water Main (Ductile-Iron)", "Pipe Water Main(Copper)", "Pipe Water Main (Polyvinyl Chloride)(PVC)","Pipe Water Main (Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe)(PCCP)"and "Casing (Steel)", of the various sizes and typesspecified on the plans, will be measured by the linear foot.The water mains and/or casing will be measured along theaxis of the pipe and no deductions will be made for valvesor fittings. Reducers shall be classed as pipe of the sizeof the larger end.
(2) "Split Steel Casing", of the various sizes shown on theplans, will be measured by the linear foot complete inplace.
(3) "Jacking, Tunneling, Boring, or Augering (Water Main)" and"Jacking, Tunneling, Boring or Augering Casing (Steel)" willbe measured by the linear foot of the size, type and wallthickness (applicable only for casing) of water main orcasing to be jacked, tunneled, bored or augered.
(4) New copper service lines of the various sizes will bemeasured as each "Service Line (Short Side 5/8" to 1")","Service Line (Long Side 5/8" to 1")", "Service Line (ShortSide 1-1/2" to 2")" or "Service Line (Long Side 1-1/2" to2")". "Service Line (Short Side)" shall refer to serviceconnections to be made to meters on the same side of thestreet on which the supply main is located. "Service Line(Long Side)" shall refer to service connections to be madeto meters on the opposite side of the street on which thesupply main is located, or from the center of the streetwhere the supply main is located in the center of thestreet.
(5) "Gate Valve" will be measured as each such assembly, of thevarious sizes, with the valve box installed.
(6) "Tapping Sleeve and Valve" will be measured as each suchassembly, of the various sizes, with valve box installed.
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(7) "Butterfly Valve" will be measured as each such assembly, ofthe various sizes, with the valve box installed.
(8) "Fire Hydrant", of all depths, will be measured as each suchassembly installed. It shall be the Contractor'sresponsibility to install the fire hydrant such that itmeets the standard installation requirement of thisspecification and/or the manufacturers.
(9) "Meter and Vault" will be measured as each such assemblyconstructed complete in place, at the location shown on theplans.
(10) "Air Release and Vacuum Relief Valves", installed, will bemeasured as each such assembly, of the various sizes, withvalve box as shown on the plans.
(11) "Pressure Reducing Stations" will be measured as a contractlump-sum unit constructed complete in place, at thelocations shown on the plans.
(12) "Blow Off Valve" will be measured as each such assembly, ofthe various sizes, with valve box installed.
(13) "Manholes (Water Main)" will be measured as each such unitas shown on the plans.
(14) "Removing Fire Hydrant" will be measured as each removedand disposed of as shown on the plans.
(15) "Removing Water Valve and Boxes" will be measured as eachremoved and disposed of as shown on the plans.
(16) "Removing and Relocating Valve and Box" will be measured aseach such assembly removed, cleaned and installed in thenew location as shown on the plans.
(17) "Removing and Relocating Meter and Box" will be measured aseach such assembly removed, cleaned and installed in thenew location as shown on the plans.
(18) "Removing Meter and Vault" will be measured as each suchassembly removed. This includes salvaging of the meterstrainer and valves and deliver to their owner at thelocation as shown on the plans or as directed by theEngineer.
(19) "Removing and Salvaging Water Meters" will be measured aseach such assembly as shown on the plans.
(20) "Removing and Relocating Fire Hydrant" will be measured aseach such assembly removed, cleaned and installed at thenew location as shown on the plans.
(21) "Removing and Salvaging Fire Hydrant" will be measured bythe each. The salvaging of fire hydrants will be a cashreimbursement to the owner by the Contractor where the firehydrants will become the property of the Contractor or theContractor will deliver the fire hydrants to the owner at apre-determined location.
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(22) "Removing and Relocating Water Meter and Meter Vault" willbe measured as each such assembly removed and relocated.
(23) "Adjusting Meter Vault" will be measured as each metervault adjusted.
(24) "Adjusting Meter Box" will be measured as each assemblyadjusted.
(25) "Adjusting Valve Box" will be measured as each suchassembly adjusted to the corresponding finished grade.
(26) "Lowering Water Mains" will be measured by the linear footof the size and type of pipe lowered.
(27) "Adjusting Manholes (Water Main)" will be measured by theeach.
(28) "Cut and Plug Water Main" will be measured by the each, ofthe size pipe indicated.
(29) "Removing Pressure Reducing Station" will be measured byeach complete pressure station removed.
(30) Excavation performed by manual labor at locationsspecifically designated by the Engineer, and which(excavation) is not included under (or incidental to) otherbid items contained in this specification shall beconsidered "Extra Hand Excavation" or "Extra MachineExcavation". "Extra Hand Excavation" or "Extra MachineExcavation" will be measured by the cubic yard in itsoriginal position.
(31) "Wet Connection" will be measured by each connection, ofthe size specified.
5. Payment. The work performed and materials furnished in accordancewith this Item and measured as provided under "Measurement" will bepaid for at the unit prices bid for the items of work hereinafterdescribed. These prices shall be full compensation for furnishingand hauling all materials; for placing or installing the materials;for inspection and testing; and for all other items of material,labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete thework in accordance with the plans and specifications.
(1) Payment for "Pipe Water Main (Cast-Iron)", "Pipe Water Main(Steel)", "Pipe Water Main (Ductile-Iron)", "Pipe Water Main(Copper)", "Pipe Water Main (Polyvinyl Chloride)(PVC)", "PipeWater Main (Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe)(PCCP)" and"Casing (Steel)" will be made at the unit price bid for thevarious sizes and types specified, installed by the open cutmethod.
(2) Payment for "Split Steel Casing" will be made at the unit pricebid for the various sizes, installed by the open cut method.
(3) Payment for "Jacking, Tunneling, Boring or Augering (WaterMain)" will be made at the unit price bid for the size and typeof water main jacked, tunneled, bored or augered. This priceshall include furnishing the pipe.
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(4) Payment for "Jacking, Tunneling, Boring or Augering Casing(Steel)" will be made at the unit price bid for the size, typeand wall thickness (applicable only if exceeding minimumthickness, shown in Section 2.(2)(6), "Steel Casing Pipe", ofthis specification) of casing jacked, tunneled, bored oraugered. This price shall include the casing. Water mainplaced in the casing will be paid for at the unit price bid for"Pipe Water Main", of the size and type specified.
(5) Payment for "Service Line (Short Side 5/8" to 1")", "ServiceLine (Long Side 5/8" to 1")", "Service Line (Short Side 1-1/2"to 2")" and "Service Line (Long Side 1-1/2" to 2")", of the sizespecified, will be made at the unit price bid for each serviceline installed. This price shall be full compensation for alllabor, materials, excavation and backfill required to installthe facility complete in place, including connection to thecustomer's service line.
(6) Payment for "Gate Valve", "Tapping Sleeve and Valve", and"Butterfly Valve" will be made at the unit price bid for eachsuch assembly, with the valve box, of the various sizesinstalled.
(7) Payment for "Fire Hydrant", of all depths, will be made at theunit price bid for each such assembly installed.
Any adjustment required either in the flow line of the watermain or to the barrel length of the fire hydrant will not bemeasured or paid for directly but considered subsidiary to thisbid item.
However, if due to obstructions not shown on the plans, theprofile of the water main is required to be modified, requiringa change in the depth of bury of the fire hydrant, all suchchanges in profile from approved plans shall be approved inwriting by the Engineer prior to the installation of thehydrant. The payment procedure for this additional work will beas per the appropriate bid items required.
(8) Payment for "Meter and Vault" will be at the unit price bid foreach unit as indicated on the plans.
(9) Payment for "Air Release and Vacuum Relief Valves" will be madeat the unit price bid for each unit, including valve box,installed.
(10) Payment for "Pressure Reducing Stations" will be made at thecontract lump-sum price bid as installed. This price shall befull compensation for performing the necessary excavation andbackfill, and finish grading constructing the concretestructure, furnishing and installing all station appurtenancesaddressed under Article 2., "Materials" of this specification.
(11) Payment for "Blow Off Valve with Box" will be made at the unitprice bid for each such assembly of the various sizes and typesinstalled.
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(12) Payment for "Manholes (Water Main)" will be made at the unitprice bid for each unit as indicated on the plans. Rings andcovers will not be measured or paid for directly but will beconsidered subsidiary to this bid item.
(13) Payment for "Removing Fire Hydrant" will be made at the unitprice bid for each such assembly, including the valve removalfrom the existing location and disposed of as shown on the plansand plugging at the tee. Excavation and backfill required forremoving fire hydrants will not be measured and paid fordirectly but will be considered subsidiary to this bid item.
(14) Payment for "Removing Water Valves and Boxes" will be made atthe unit price bid for each such assembly removed and disposedof as shown on the plans. Excavation and backfill required forremoving water valves and boxes will not be measured and paidfor directly but will be subsidiary to this bid item.
(15) Payment for "Removing and Relocating Valve and Box" will be madeat the unit price bid for each such assembly removed, cleanedand installed in the new location.
(16) Payment for "Removing and Relocating Meter and Box" will be madeat the unit price bid for each such assembly removed, cleanedand installed in the new location.
(17) Payment for "Removing Meter and Vault" will be made at the unitprice bid for each unit removed.
(18) Payment for "Removing and Salvaging Water Meters" will be madeat the unit price bid for each assembly removed from theexisting location and delivered to its owner at the locationshown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer. Excavationand backfill and finish grading required for removing the watermeters will not be measured and paid for directly but will beconsidered subsidiary to this bid item.
(19) Payment for "Removing and Relocating Fire Hydrant" will be madeat the unit price bid for each such assembly, removed from theexisting location, cleaned and installed at the new location asshown on the plans. Excavation and backfill and finish gradingrequired for removing fire hydrants will not be measured andpaid for directly but will be considered subsidiary to this biditem.
(20) Payment for "Removing and Salvaging Fire Hydrant" will be madeat the unit price bid for each assembly removed from theexisting location and delivered to their owner at the locationas shown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer.Excavation, and backfill and finish grading required forremoving fire hydrants will not be measured and paid fordirectly but will be considered subsidiary to this bid item.
(21) Payment for "Removing and Relocating Water Meter and MeterVault" will be made at the unit price for each assembly removedand relocated.
(22) Payment for "Adjusting Meter Vault" will be made at the unitprice bid for each meter vault adjusted. This price shall be
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full compensation for furnishing all required materials,including backfill as required, excavation, tools, labor,equipment and incidentals required to complete the work.
(23) Payment for "Adjusting Meter Box" will be made at the unit pricefor each assembly adjusted.
(24) Payment for "Adjusting Valve Box" will be made at the unit pricebid for each valve box, adjusted to finish grade.
(25) Payment for "Lowering Water Mains", of the type and size shownon the plans, will be made at the unit price bid for the pipelowered. This price shall be full compensation for lowering andadjusting pipe, valves, boxes and service lines which areconnected thereto. Excavation and backfill required forlowering water mains will not be measured and paid for directlybut will be considered subsidiary to this bid item.
(26) Payment for "Adjusting Manholes (Water Main)" will be made atthe unit price bid for each unit. The excavation and backfillrequired will not be measured and paid for directly but will beconsidered subsidiary to this bid item.
(27) Payment for "Cut and Plug Water Main" will be made at the unitprice bid for each unit, of the size indicated. This priceshall be full compensation for performing all excavation,backfill and finish grading or other incidental items requiredto abandon or cut and plug the water main as set forth herein.Where grout is required, as shown on the plans, it will not bemeasured or paid for directly but will be considered subsidiaryto this bid item.
(28) Payment for "Removing Pressure Reducing Station" will be made atthe unit price bid for each complete pressure station removed.This price shall be full compensation for per forming thenecessary excavation, backfill, finish grading pipe removal,structure removal, tools and equipment necessary to perform thiswork.
(29) Excavation Protection methods for excavating greater than five(5) feet in depth will be measured and paid for as requiredunder Item 402, "Trench Excavation Protection" or Item 403,"Temporary Special Shoring".
(30) No direct measurement and payment will be made for furnishingand placing bedding material, this work shall be consideredincidental to the various bid items.
(31) No direct measurement and payment will be made for fittings,including necessary concrete thrust blocking, pipe clamps,nipples, etc., will not be paid for directly but shall beconsidered incidental to the water mains in which they areinstalled. If additional fittings are required due to planchanges or alterations in line and grade, they will not bemeasured and paid for directly but will be considered incidentalto the water mains in which they are installed.
(32) No direct payment will be made for furnishing and installingtaps, risers, jumpers, blind flanges, cast-iron sleeves, plugs,reducers etc., as required to sterilize and pressure test thenew mains. This work shall be considered incidental to the
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various pay items. In addition, the Contractor shall perform,without extra compensation, all necessary excavation andbackfill and site graphing, maintenance until completion ofpressure testing.
(33) Payment for "Wet Connections" will be made at the unit price bidfor each connection made, of the size specified.
(34) Unless otherwise specified on the plans, the work performed andmaterials furnished to support pipes or conduits of publicutilities will not be measured and paid for directly, but willbe considered incidental to the various pay items.
(35) No direct payment will be made for furnishing and/or installingthe nonmetallic pipe detection system. The work and materialsnecessary for the system will be considered incidental to thevarious pay items. In addition, the Contractor shall ensurethat the detection system is complete and operational andsatisfactory to the owner of the utility.
(36) Unless otherwise shown on the plans or specifications,excavation, unsuitable excavated material disposal backfill andthe material for backfill for the complete installation of thewater main system will not be measured and paid for directly,but will be incidental and included in the unit price bid forthe pipe and any structure for which payment is required.
(37) Excavation, backfill, backfill material and disposal of theunsuitable excavated material for jacking, tunneling, boring oraugering pits shall be incidental and included in the unit pricebid of the pipe to be jacked, tunneled, bored, or augered.
(38) Payment for "Extra Hand Excavation" or "Extra MachineExcavation" will be made at the price bid per cubic yard ofmaterial. This price shall be full compensation for all laborhand tools, machines, dewatering and handling and disposal ofany excess excavated material not suitable for bedding andbackfill for this project.
