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EDU3102NATURE OF MAN
Dr. Mary Wong Siew Lian
Jabatan PIPK
IPG KBL
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CONTENTS
Definition
Religious PerspectivesBiological Perspectives
Importance to teachers
Implications for teachers
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What is meant byNature of Man?
Kamus Dewan (1998): FITRAH is an Arabicword referring to the natural characteristics,
talents, and religious beliefs of manNature of man (fitrah manusia) can be said
to refer to the characteristics, natural talents
or potentials and religious beliefs a personhas
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Britannica Concise Encyclopedia:Fundamental dispositions and traits of
humans
Theories about the nature of humankindform a part of every culture:
- In the West, debate has traditionallycentered on whether humans are selfishand competitive (seeThomas Hobbes;John Locke) or social and altruistic(putting others before self) (Karl Marx,mile Durkheim)
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Recent research in genetics, evolutionarybiology, and cultural anthropology
suggests that humans may be both, andthat there is a complex interactionbetween genetically inherited factors("nature") and developmental and socialfactors ("nurture")
Basic drives shared with other primates
include food, sex, security, play, andsocial status
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RELIGIOUS PERSPECTIVES
Definition for the nature of man
varies with religious beliefs: Christian Islam Buddha Hindu
How do the definitions differ?
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BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
According to the biological view, the
nature of man is influenced by twoimportant aspects:(i) Growth(ii) Development
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Growth and development includephysical, cognitive, emotional
and social aspects
Psychologists believe that nature and
nurture are important factors thatbring about differences in thegrowth and development of man
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Nature (genetic composition)cause individual differences in the
following aspects:- Cognition- Physical features
- Emotions
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Environmental factors that contribute to
individual differences are:family background, home environmentpeer influencecultural and societal beliefs
technologyteachers and schoolreligious beliefs
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The role of teachers: Develop the potential in students
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IMPORTANCE TO TEACHERS
Education provides the opportunity fordeveloping the potentials in each student
Effective learning environments influencethe ability of students to understand andrespond during the teaching-learningprocess
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The role of the teacher is to help children
explore the hidden potentials in themselvesCharacteristics such as curiosity, openness,
creativity, and ability to solve problems
should be optimized and improved upon
Teachers should help children be aware ofand develop their abilities and potentials
through suitable t-l activities
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A teacher who knows and understandshuman development will be able to
prepare suitable cognitive t-l activities todevelop the potentials in children
Example: Year 1 Mathematicst-l activitiesthat include the use of concrete objects inteaching counting will help develop thechilds ability to think logically
The teacher can also help develop childrensemotions and talents through suitableco-curriculum activities in school
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Through understanding the nature of man,the teacher will understand that each child
has characteristics and talents that arespecial and different from that of otherchildren
Students also have different personalityin terms of ability to communicate andefficiency in doing learning tasks
This knowledge and understandingconcerning students can be applied inplanning and carrying out t-l activities inthe classroom
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It can also help teachers in preparingsuitable teaching aids and set induction
in order to have more effective t-l
Teachers can prepare activities based onstudents intelligence (MI, IQ, EQ),
interests and natural tendencies
Teachers need to motivate students to take
an active part in the learning process bycreating suitable learning environmentsthrough including games, competitions andother fun activities
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Knowledge of human nature will also help
the teacher to guide children in thedevelopment of their physical abilities andpotentials
Teachers should provide opportunities forstudents to develop their psychomotorskills through suitable physical activitiessuch as sports and games
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IMPLICATIONS FOR TEACHERS
Teachers should acquire knowledge aboutchild development
Identify the potentials in each child
Use suitable strategies to develop childrens
potentials
Give motivation to students to explore theirown potentials