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1Presentation_ID © 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.
IPv6 in Mobile Wireless IPv6 in Mobile Wireless NetworkingNetworking
Dana Blair
2NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
IPv6 in Mobile Wireless IPv6 in Mobile Wireless NetworkingNetworking
• Dana Blair
• Contributors
Steve Deering, Mark Denny, Dennis Clare, Michael Ramalho, Greg Pelton, Ajay Mishra, Prasanna Satarasinghe, Kittur Nagesh, Jim Christy
3NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
AgendaAgenda
• Current Cellular IP Connectivity
• 2.5 and 3G Cellular IP
• IPv6 in 3G
• Backbone Services for 2.5/3G
4NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
AgendaAgenda
• Current Cellular IP Connectivity
5NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Mobile Wireless TechnologiesMobile Wireless Technologies
• Cellular
GSM, TDMA, CDMA, W-CDMA
• Wireless LAN - 802.11
• Personal Area Networks (PAN)
Bluetooth, 802.15
• Satellite
• Public cellular operators have earliest need for IPv6
6NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Circuit Switched CellularCircuit Switched Cellular
Selector Distribution Function(a.k.a., multidiversity function)
is in BSC
Radio Control Functionsare in BSC
MSC is a specialized Class 5 CO
This trunk is onlyused when calloriginates in BSCA,2
•3G architectures BACKHAUL IP the same way during a phone call!
BTS
BTSBSCA,2
PSTN
Mobile Switching Center(MSCA)
Base StationController (BSCA,1)2G
“Voice Anchor”changes to BSCB
BTS BSCB
MSCB
Wireless/Cellular/Mobile ChallengeWireless/Cellular/Mobile Challenge
7NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Packet Switch Networks - MigrationPacket Switch Networks - Migration
PSTNBTS
MSC
BSC2G
GPRS BackboneIP Network
IPSDB
Feature Servers
3GIP Radio Access Network (RAN)
MobilityMobilityManagementManagement
Call Agent
Radio Network
Controller
GGSN/PDSN
InternetGPRS/PDSN IP Network
Packet Gateway
Circuit/Signaling Gateway2.5G
Feature Servers
Wireless/Cellular/Mobile ChallengeWireless/Cellular/Mobile Challenge
8NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
AgendaAgenda
• 2.5G and 3G Cellular
9NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Cellular StandardsCellular Standards
• 3GPP2 - www.3gpp2.org
Uses Mobile IP
Based in US
Developed TDMA/CDMA/IS-41 standards
Next Generation is 3GPP2 using CDMA-2000 Radio technology
10NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Overview of Mobile IPv4Overview of Mobile IPv4rfc2002rfc2002
• 1. MN discovers Foreign Agent (FA)
• 2. MN obtains COA (FA - Care Of Address)
• 3. MN registers with FA which relays registration to HA
• 4. HA tunnels packets from CN to MN through FA
• 5. FA forwards packets from MN to CN or reverse tunnels through HA (rfc3024)
HA FA
1. and 2.1. and 2. 3.3.MN
CN
5.5. 4.4.
Internet
11NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Cellular StandardsCellular Standards
• 3GPP - www.3gpp.org
3GPP defined GTP IP tunneling protocol for mobility.
Based in Europe
Developed GSM/GPRS standard
70% of mobile phones use GSM
Next Generation is UMTS using Wideband CDMA
12NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
GPRS/UMTS Packet ServicesGPRS/UMTS Packet Services
MS SGSNInternet
Radius DHCP DNS
Edge Router(s)
Local IPNetwork
GNATM RAN
Local Part of End-to-EndNetwork(s)Gi, v4/v6
Inter-PLMNNetwork
Gp
GGSN
13NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
AgendaAgenda
• IPv6 in 3G Cellular
14NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Rationale Behind IPv6Rationale Behind IPv6
• IETF IPv6 (was NG) WG began in early 90 to handle addressing growth issues
• IP everywhere—data, voice, audio, video integration
Looking at few numbers...
~300 million mobile phone users in 1998, 1 billion by 2005
1 billion cars in 2010 with GPS and Yellow Page services
Worldwide deployment of Internet appliances
• Emerging populations/geopolitical
China, India, Japan, Russia,…
Internet in every school,…
15NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
3G Cellular requires IPV63G Cellular requires IPV6
- Next Generation GSM standards require IPv6 for Packet Services including VoIP.
- Next Generation Mobile Devices shall exclusively support IPv6 for the connection to packet services including VoIP.
www.3gpp.org - 3G TR 23.821
16NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Packet/VoIP 3GPP Architectural Packet/VoIP 3GPP Architectural DetailsDetails
Services v4/v6
MSv4/v6
SGSNv4/v6
IPv4Network
IPv6Networ
k
Radius DHCP DNS
Edge Router(s)v4/v6
CCSCSun Netra(OptiCall)
MRF/MP
UnifiedMessaging
(Uone)
MGWPSTN-GW(AS5850)
SGWSS7 GW
FeatureServers
SS7
PSTN
AnnouncementServer
(AS5400)
SS7
Local IPNetwork
Gn, v4/v6IP RAN
Local Part of End-to-EndNetwork(s)Gi, v4/v6
Inter-PLMNNetwork
Gp, v4/v6
IM Subsystem
GGSNv4/v6
Blue - v4/v6
Red - v4
Green -v6
17NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Overview of Mobile IPv6Overview of Mobile IPv6draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-13.txtdraft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-13.txt
• 1. MN obtains IP address using stateless or stateful autoconfiguration
• 2. MN registers with HA
• 3. HA tunnels packets from CN to MN
• 4. MN sends packets directly to CN or via tunnel to HABinding Update from MN to CN removes HA from path.
HA
1. 1. 2.2.MN
CN
4.4. 3.3.
Internet
18NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
AgendaAgenda
• Backbone Services 2.5/3G
19NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
BackBone ServicesBackBone Services
• IPv4 transport
• IPv6 transported in IPv4 or MPLS
• NAT-PT for IPv6 <-> IPv4
• Home Agent Services
• Virtual Private Networking
20NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
BackBone ServicesBackBone Services
• QoS Services
DiffServ, Traffic Engineering, …
draft-ietf-mpls-diff-ext-07.txt
draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-07.txt
21NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
QUESTIONSQUESTIONS
• ???????