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1. Welcome and introductions
2. Overview of the lab section
3. Lab safety and clean-up
4. Lab 1: Insect diversity and adaptation
5. Intro to Lab 2: The scientific method
Today’s outline
Lab safety and cleanliness
1. Read Appendix A carefully2. Emergency equipment and procedures3. Properly dispose of wastes4. Clean up during and after the lab5. Wash your hands
Image credit: www.shawneetownship.com
Part A.3 (magnification)
Count: 55 o.u. = 0.5 mm
Divide: 1 o.u. = 0.5 mm / 55 o.u. = 0.009 mm
Convert: 1 o.u. = 0.009 mm x 1000 = 9 ųm
Image credit: www.ruf.rice.edu
Large differencesare rare
Small differences are common
Introduction to statistics
When should we get excited about an observed difference?
2critical
Fre
quen
cy (
prob
abili
ty)
Difference
Do not reject null
Reject null
Well
Choices
Screenfloor
Isopods
Lid
Hole
Stopper
Passageway
Gate
Image credits: museumvictoria.com.au, www.jesslaccetti.co.uk
GENETICS
$100
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In eukaryotes, a structure composed of DNA and proteins that bears part of the geneticinformation of the cell.
One of many discrete units of hereditary information located on a chromosome andconsisting of DNA.
The alternate form of a gene.
A particular place along the length of a chromosome where a given gene is located.
In a diploid organism, having two identical alleles for a given trait.
The change in genetic structure of a population.
What is a chromosome?
What is a gene?
What is an allele?
What is a locus?
What is homozygous?
What is evolution?
Image credit: www.tvsquad.com
Lab4 (Population genetics):
Trait value
Fre
quen
cy
This lab (Genetic variability):
Trait value Trait value
High diversity Low diversity
Trait value
Lab5 (local adaptation):
Pop. 2Pop. 1
Trait value
Fre
quen
cy
Siberia Alaska
Bering Sea
Chukchi Sea
Siberia Alaska
Bering Sea
Chukchi Sea
Image credit: instaar.colorado.edu
Terrestrialgene flow
Marine
gene flow
Terrestrialgene flow
Marine
gene flow
SiberiaAlaska
Bering Sea
Chukchi Sea
Reindeer(Rangifer tarandus fennicus)
Image credits: instaar.colorado.edu, homestudy.ihdea.com, www.fresnochaffeezoo.cxm
Caribou(Rangifer tarandus granti)
Image credits: hh.cocolog-nifty.com, kingstonfieldnaturalists.org, www.wpclipart.com, www.britannica.com
Image credits: www.photobirds.com, www.jupiterimages.com, www.istockphoto.com, www.earthhistory.org.uk
10 cm
Ichthyostega (365 MYA)?
Exercise 4
– Singing
– Keeled sternum
–“Duck” bill
– Stiff tail
– Small body
– 6:0→1
– Webbed feet
Image credits: www.dailyspeculations.com, www.birdsofoklahoma.net, Terry Sohl, www.birdsofoklahoma.net, www.christinevadai.com, www.bird-friends.com
– Warbling song
Ostrich Goose Duck Robin Myrtle w. Nash. w.