2-1 Overview of Wireless Communication Systems Pt 1 3nd Version

7/27/2019 2-1 Overview of Wireless Communication Systems Pt 1 3nd Version

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Wireless

Communication

Systems

Walter Konhuser

VL-Nr. 0432 L 615


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2 Overview of the Wireless Communication

Systems

2.1 General overview

2.2 Public Cellular Mobile Radio Systems

2.3 Trunked Mobile Radio

2.4 Broadband Wireless Access (WiFi, WiMax, )

2.5 Transponder Systems

2.6 Further Systems

2.7 Network Planning and Optimization

Content


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Net Landscape - Today

Breitband Kabel - Netz

Mobilfunk

GSM, UMTS,LTE,

Internet

Content-Provider

Coax

Telefonnetz

PSTN/ISDN/xDSL


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Abbreviations

AMPS Advanced mobile phone system

CT Cordless telephone

DCS Digital personal communication systems

DECT Digital european cordless telephoneERMES European radio message system

GSM Global System for mobile communications

LAN Local area network

NMT Nordic mobile telephone systemPAMR Public access trunked mobile radio

TACS Total access communication standard

1.1. History of Mobile Communications


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Segmentation of Wireless Technologies

WPAN

Connectivity

WLAN

Networking

data centric

high datarates nomadic access based on LAN topology

easy access plug&play PCMCIA cards licence free

W-WAN (Cellular)

PublicInfrastructure

voice centric

widely deployed high security

high reliability mobility big customer base


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Cellular mobile Telephone Systems (1.& 2. Gen.)

1st generation (analog)

2st generation (analog)

2st generation (digital)

Start of development

Start of commercial service1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 19951990

C net450

MHz

NMT450MHz

EUROPE

NMT900MHz

DCS1800

1800MHz

GSM

900MHz

TACS

900MHz

NTT System800MHz

AMPS800MHz

USA

JAPAN

J-TACS

AMPS-D800MHz

PDC800/1500MHz


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Evolution to the universal mobile Communication

(View of 1992)

City call etc.Radio Call

Business

Mobile

interactivecommuni-cation

Public

ERMES

PublicCordless

interactive

communi-cation Office

Home

Network/systemsServices/applications

Telepoint and cordless PBX/LAN (CT2)

1990 91 979692 93 94 95 9998 2000 01 02 03 04

Universal

mobile

commu-

nication

system

(UMTS)

Digital

CordlessTerminals

(DECT)

non standardized: NMT, TACS, C450, AMPSAnalog

systems

PAMR

Digital systems standard GSM 900

Digital systems standard DCS 1800

Private mobile radio

Cordless telephone (CT1)


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TDD

FDD

1 unpaired frequency,FLEXIBLY shared for uplink and downlink

2 paired frequencies,separated for uplink and downlink

FDD Frequency Division Duplex

TDD Time Division Duplex

FDD, TDD: different Requirements

Different Radio Access Technologies


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Main parameters of different Access Systems

System User data rates

[ Mbps]

Technology Range Mobility Frequency range Original application

areaGSM (includingGPRS, HSCSDand EDGE)

9.6 Kbpsup to 384 Kbps

TDMA, FDD up to 35 Km in GSM,lower for data

high 900, 1800, 1900 MHz public and privateenvironment

IMT-2000,

UMTS (UTRA)

max. 2 IMT-2000 family,

WCDMA (FDD) +

TD-CDMA (TDD)

30 m 20 Km high 2 GHz (ITU spectrum)

possibly different

spectrum in China

public and private

environment

DECT /Dectlink max. 2 TDMA / TDD up to 50 m low 1880 1900 MHz office and residentialenvironment

Bluetooth max. 0.721 Direct sequenceor frequency

hopping

0.1 10 m very low 2.4 GHz ISM band cable replacement,SoHo environment

HIPERLAN 2 25 OFDM, TDD 50 300 m low 5 GHz corporate environment,

public hot spots

IEEE 802.11a about 20 OFDM, TDD 50 300 m low 5 GHz corporate environment,

public hot spots

HIPERACCESS about 25 not yet specified 2 - 10 km no 5 40 GHz business access,feeder

DAB 1.5 OFDM 100 km high e.g. 176 - 230 MHz1452 - 1467.5 MHz

audio broadcasting

DVB-T 5 - 31(mobile: 5 8,fixed 16 - 31)

OFDM 100 km mediumto high

TV bands below 860MHz

video broadcasting

Cable modem down < 40up < 10

FDDQAM /QPSK

5 to ~20 km no down ~ 60 to 860 MHzup 10 to ~ 40 MHz

residential environment

ADSL down 6.144 (8)

up 0.640

DMT(carrierless

AM/PM CAP)

2-6 Km no base band SoHo (Small OfficeHome Office), SME,residential environment

TD-SCDMA (TDD)


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Migration of mobile Networks towardsthe vision of an EVERNET

Circuitswitched

CS voice / packet data IP core

GSM

UMTS

UWC-136

CDMA

2GHSCSD

end to end IP

GPRSEDGE

WLAN

WIFI/Wimax802.11a ....

802.16

IMT-2000 CDMA

Multi-Carrier

EVERNET

Ad hoc Networks

HSPA

LTE

LTE Advanced

Bluetooth

2G 3G and 4G

9.6-14.4 kbps

evolved

2G

64-144 kbps 384 kbps-2 Mbps 1000 Mbps ?384 kbps-20 Mbps

3GPP Rel 0xIMT-2000 CDMA

Direct Spread + TDD

D-AMPS

IS 95

GPRS/EDGEIMT-2000 TDMA

Single-Carrier

GPRSEDGE

CDMA2000

Includes Vert ical

Handover between

Technologies

PDC2G

PDC

PDCPacket

3GPP Rel 99


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Evolution to Global Mult imedia Mobi l i ty

C. Drewes, S. Haar

Cordless

Standards

CellularStandards

1. Generation 2. Generation 2.5 Generation 3. Generation 4. Generation

analoganaloganaloganalog

analoganaloganaloganalog

analoganaloganalogdigital

analoganaloganalogdigital

GPRS

HSCSD

GMMGlobal

MultimediaMobility

64G4G256M16M

Mikroelektronik

Technologie(z.B. DRAM)

AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone ServiceCT Cordless TelephoneCDMA Code Division Multiple AccessDECT Digital Enhanced Cordless TelephoneEDGE Enhanced Data Rate for GSM/Global EvolutionGPRS Genaral Packet Radio Services

GSM Global System for Mobile Comm.HSCSD High Speed Circuit Switched DataIMT International Mobile Telecomm.NMT Nordic Mobile TelephonePACS Personal Access Comm. ServicesUMTS Universal Mobile Telecom. System

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

0.500.25 0.13 0.07

0,100.180.35

AMPS, NMT, ... CDMA,GSM, ...

384 kb/s


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Different Radio Evolution Paths

IS-136(TDMA)

2G 2.5G Evolved 3G3G

GSM

GPRS EDGEGERAN

WCDMAHSDPA

HSUPAUTRAN

TD-SCDMA-PDC

IS-951xRTT

1xEV-DV

cdma20001xEV-DOExisting Spectrum (FDD)

Existing Spectrum

New Spectrum (FDD/TDD)

cdma/cdma2000

GSM/

GE

RAN

/UTRAN


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CDMA Systems

CDMA2000 is a hybrid 2.5G / 3G protocol of mobile telecommunicationsstandardsthat use CDMA, a multiple access scheme fordigital radio, to send voice, data, andsignalling data (such as a dialed telephone number) between mobile phones and cellsites. CDMA2000 is considered a 2.5G protocol in 1xRTT and a 3G protocol inEVDO.

CDMA (code division multiple access) is a mobile digital radio technology thattransmits streams ofbits and whose channels are divided using codes (PNsequences). CDMA permits many radios to share the same frequency channel.Unlike TDMA (time division multiple access), a different technique used in GSM andD-AMPS, all radios can be active all the time, because network capacity does notdirectly limit the number of active radios. Since larger numbers of phones can beserved by smaller numbers of cell sites, CDMA-based standards have a significanteconomic advantage over TDMA-based standards, or the oldest cellular standardsthat used frequency division multiple access (FDMA).

CDMA2000 has a relatively long technical history, and remains compatible with theolder CDMA telephony methods (such as cdmaOne) first developed by Qualcomm, acommercial company, and holder of several key international patents on thetechnology.

The CDMA2000 standards CDMA2000 1xRTT, CDMA2000 EV-DO, and CDMA2000EV-DV are approved radio interfaces for the ITU's IMT-2000 standard and a directsuccessor to 2GCDMA, IS-95 (cdmaOne). CDMA2000 is standardized by 3GPP2.

CDMA2000 is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications IndustryAssociation (TIA-USA) in the United States, not a generic term like CDMA. (This issimilar to how TIA has branded their 2G CDMA standard, IS-95, as cdmaOne.)

CDMA2000 is an incompatible competitor of the other major 3G standard UMTS. It is

defined to operate at 400 MHz, 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1700 MHz, 1800 MHz, 1900MHz, and 2100 MHz.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.5Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signalling_%28telecommunication%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.5Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_%28communications%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PN_sequenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PN_sequenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_AMPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CdmaOnehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualcommhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMT-2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS-95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3rd_Generation_Partnership_Project_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_Industry_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_Industry_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMTShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMTShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_Industry_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_Industry_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3rd_Generation_Partnership_Project_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS-95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS-95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS-95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMT-2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMT-2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMT-2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualcommhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CdmaOnehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_AMPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_AMPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_AMPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PN_sequenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PN_sequenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_%28communications%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.5Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signalling_%28telecommunication%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.5G


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Systems




2.4 Broadband Wireless Access (WiFi, Wimax, )


2.6 Further Systems


Content


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1 Ganalog air channel narrow band national roaming FDD only

AMPSTACSNMTC-net

digital air channel narrow bandinternationalroaming FDD only

GPRS EDGE

GSMTDMACDMAPDC

digital air channelbroadband up to

2 Mbps international roaming

FDD/TDDATM/IP basednetworks

IMT 2000UTRA (FDD/TDD)cdma 2000HS-TDMA

2 G/2.5G 3 Gdigital air channelhigher broadband

radio channel with datarates 10, 20 and 155 Mbps

IP based cellular network

4 G

Evolution towards 4th Generation

LTELTE-Advanced


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Mobile Network and Business Evolution

Coverage/Capacity

GSM

basic services/network optimisation

VoiceData

GSM Ph 2Micro BTSDual BandHalf Rate

3. GenerationIntroduction

New BusinessOpportunities

WidebandAir I / F

Bandwidthon DemandSeamlessServices

FDD/TDDATM/IP based

networks

EnhancedServices

GSMGSM 2+ and

Intelligent

Networks (IN)

GSM Ph 2+IN

F M CGPRSCamel

Multimedia MobileCommunication

3. GenerationMass Market

EnhancedMultimedia Services

with fullroaming throughdifferent networks

Broadband MobileCommunication

4. Generation

Broadbandmultipath radio

datarates 10, 20 and155 Mbps

IP based broad bandcellular networks


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Systems




2.4 Broadband Wireless Access (WiFi, Wimax, )


2.6 Further Systems


Content


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TETRA

Terrestrial Trunked Radio

Open Multivendorstandard

Simultaneous

Voice and Data

DigitalTrunked

Radio System


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What is TETRA

TETRA = TErrestrial Trunked Radio

The only digital standard defined by ETSI(European Telecommunication Standard Institute)

Simultaneous voice & data transmission

Worldwide support and promotionof the European-wide standard

Multi-vendor principle


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Who uses TETRA

Public Safety and Service Utilities

Public Transport

Industry and Trading Company

Governmental institutions

Airports

Military

PAMR (Public Access Mobile Radio) Provider


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TETRA A cellular network

Radio Base Station

Switch

Management

Terminals


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TETRA projects in Europe

Jersey PoliceWest Midlands Ambulance

Millennium Dome

BT - Airwave

Gardemoen AirportELTELE Ost

GZKln/Bonn AirportRegiocall Hamburg

master-talkwalky-talky

KELAGAdonisGibtel

VIRVE BOS

Helsinki Energy

ASTRID BOS


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TETRA Layer Structure

MSW: Main Switching Centre

LSW: Local Switching CentreBTS: Base Transceiver StationTE: Terminal EquipmentLS : Line StationNMC: Network Management CentreSMC: Subscriber Management CentreOMC: Operation & Maintenance CentrePCM: Digital Links or single PCM-time-slots


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PEIOK

C

S ER V 6 9

F BABC

STOCKHOLM

TRAFIK2

ISI

LAN/WAN

PSTN

PABX

Command &

Control

Systems

Public

Data

NetworkInternet

ISDN

Trunking

Networks

Conventional

PMR Networks

2B+D

30B+D

Conventional

Mobile

Networks

Customer Care &

Billing Systems

TETRA Connectivity


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TETRA SERVICES

DATA VOICE

Predefined Messages, SDS

(e.g. I am on duty)Data Transmission(e.g. Pictures, Video)

Telephone Mode

Individual CallTelephone Call (PABX Call)

Radio Mode

Group Call

Direct Mode Operation

TETRA Services


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Individual Call

Base Station

Calling T125 Calling T122Captain


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Telephone Call (PABX Call)

Base Station

Calling

Phone


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Group Call

Base Station

CallingGroup 1


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Direct Mode Operation

Base Station

Calling DMO

ReceivingDMO Call

Talkies)


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PMR type supplementary services

Access priority, pre-emptive priority, priority call

Include call, transfer of control, late entry

Ambiance listening, discreet listening

Calls authorised by despatcher

Area selection

Short number addressing

Dynamic group number assignment

Supplementary services (1)


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Telephone type supplementary services

List search call

Call forwarding - unconditional/busy/no reply

Call barring - incoming/outgoing calls Call waiting

Call hold

Calling/connected line ID presentation

Calling/connected line ID restriction Call

Completion to busy subscriber/ on no reply

Advice of charge etc.

Supplementary Services (2)


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Alert inC& C Center

Automatic vehicle location

TETRANetwork

GPS

Requirement

Meta Directories

Emergencyservice available

within 1km:ID: 106, 204, 054

TETRA Scenario:

Alert in Command & Control Center


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PoliceMeta

Directories

TETRA-vehicle mounted terminal

Geografic data

Photos

Julie M., 24

Accident data

W 994224LAccidentHighway 6

Sit: berfallEinsatzl.:Olt. Maier

Building plan

TETRANetwork

TETRA Scenario:

Efficient Database Requiry


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TETRA at a Glance

PMR Functionality (Simplex, Half and Full Duplex)

Effective Usage of Radio Carriers: 4 channels per

25kHz

Simultaneous use of voice and data

Data transmission up to 28,8 kbp/s

Fast call-connection (up to 0,3 sec)

Direct mode operation (no basestation required!)

Security with encryption (End to End, Air interface)


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Backup


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CDMA2000 1xRTT

CDMA2000 1xRTT, the core CDMA2000 wireless air interface standard, isalso known as 1x, 1xRTT, and IS-2000. The designation "1x", meaning "1times Radio Transmission Technology", indicates the same RF bandwidthas IS-95: a duplex pair of 1.25 MHz radio channels. This contrasts with3xRTT, which uses channels 3 times as wide (3.75 MHz) channels. 1xRTTalmost doubles the capacity of IS-95 by adding 64 more traffic channels to

the forward link, orthogonal to (in quadrature with) the original set of 64.Although capable of higher data rates, most deployments are limited to apeak of 144 kbit/s. IMT-2000 also made changes to the data link layerforthe greater use of data services, including medium and link access controlprotocols and QoS. The IS-95 data link layer only provided "best effortdelivery" for data and circuit switched channel for voice (i.e., a voice frameonce every 20 ms).

1xRTT officially qualifies as 3G technology, but it is considered by some tobe a 2.5G (or sometimes 2.75G) technology.[citation needed] This allows itto be deployed in 2G spectrum in some countries that limit 3G systems tocertain bands.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS-95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duplex_(telecommunications)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_linkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrature_phasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_link_layerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_of_Servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.5Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.75Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.75Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.5Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_of_Servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_link_layerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrature_phasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_linkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duplex_(telecommunications)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS-95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS-95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS-95


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CDMA2000 3x

CDMA2000 3x is (also known as EV-DO rev B) is a multi-carrier evolution of the Rev Aspecification. It maintains the capabilities of EVDO Rev A, and provides the followingenhancements:

Higher rates percarrier(up to 4.9 Mbit/s on the downlink per carrier). Typicaldeployments are expected to include 3 carriers for a peak rate of 14.7 Mbit/s

Higher rates by bundling multiple channels together enhance the user experience andenables new services such as high definitionvideo streaming.

Uses statistical multiplexing across channels to further reduce latency, enhancing theexperience for latency-sensitive services such as gaming, video telephony, remoteconsole sessions and web browsing.

Increased talk-time and standby time Hybrid frequency re-use which reduces the interference from the adjacent sectors

and improves the rates that can be offered, especially to users at the edge of the cell. Efficient support for services that have asymmetric download and upload

requirements (i.e. different data rates required in each direction) such as filetransfers, web browsing, and broadband multimedia content delivery.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution-Data_Optimizedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_wavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-definition_videohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_streaminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_multiplexinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_multiplexinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_streaminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-definition_videohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_wavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution-Data_Optimizedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution-Data_Optimizedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution-Data_Optimized


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CDMA EV-DO

Evolution-Data Optimized orEvolution-Data only, abbreviated asEV-DO orEVDO and often EV, is a telecommunications standard forthe wireless transmission of data through radio signals, typically forbroadband Internet access. It uses multiplexing techniques includingCode division multiple access (CDMA) as well as Time division

multiple access (TDMA) to maximize both individual user'sthroughput and the overall system throughput. It is standardized by3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) as part of theCDMA2000 family of standards and has been adopted by manymobile phone service providers around the world particularly those

previously employing CDMA networks. It is also used on theGlobalstarsatellite phone network.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirelesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadband_Internet_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplexinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3rd_Generation_Partnership_Project_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalstarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalstarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3rd_Generation_Partnership_Project_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplexinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadband_Internet_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirelesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunication


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CDMA2000 EV-DV

CDMA2000 EV-DV (Evolution-Data/Voice), supports downlink (forward link) datarates up to 3.1 Mbit/s and uplink (reverse link) data rates of up to 1.8 Mbit/s. EV-DVcan also support concurrent operation oflegacy 1x voice users, 1x data users, andhigh speed EV-DV data users within the same radio channel.

In 2004-2005 timeframe, there was much debate on the relative merits of DV andDO. Traditional operators with an existing voice network preferred deploying DV,

since it does not require an overlay. Other design engineers, and newer operatorswithout a 1x voice network, preferred EV-DO because it did not have to be backwardcompatible, and so could explore different pilot structures, reverse link silenceperiods, improved control channels, etc. And the network cost was lower, since EV-DO uses an IP network and does not require a SS7 network and complex networkswitches such as a mobile switching center (MSC). Also, equipment was not availablefor EV-DV in time to meet market demands whereas the EV-DO equipment andmobile application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) were available and tested by thetime the EV-DV standard was completed. As a result, the EV-DV standard was lessattractive to operators, and has not been implemented. Verizon Wireless, then SprintNextel in 2004 and smaller operators in 2005 announced their plans to deploy EV-DO. So in March 2005, Qualcomm suspended development of EV-DV chipsets, andfocused on improving the EV-DO product line
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbit/shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbit/s

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2-1 Overview of Wireless Communication Systems Pt 1 3nd Version

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