Biology
Unit 1: The Nature of LifeChapter 2: Chemistry of Life
2-1: The Nature of Matter 2-2: Properties of Water 2-3: Carbon Compounds 2-4: Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
Ms. PetrucciBiology
Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life• Vocabulary• 2-1
◦ Atom◦ Nucleus◦ Electron◦ Element◦ Isotopes◦ Compound◦ Ionic Bond◦ Ions◦ Covalent Bond◦ Molecule◦ Van der Waals forces
• 2-2◦ Cohesion◦ Adhesion◦ Mixture◦ Solution◦ Solute◦ Solvent◦ Suspension◦ pH Scale◦ Acid◦ Base◦ Buffer
• 2-3o Monomero Polymero Carbohydrateo Monosaccharideo Polysaccharideo Lipido Nucleic Acido Nucleotideo Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)o Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)o Proteino Amino acid
• 2-4o Chemical Reactiono Reactanto Producto Activation Energyo Catalysto Enzymeo Substrate
Tell me as much as you can about the following equation:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 CO2 + H2O
2-1 The Nature of MatterWhy should we study chemistry in Biology?
Wouldn’t you want an architect to understand building materials? Same idea applies to geneticists, ecologists, zoologists, botanists, biologists, and etc.
Matter
Cells are made of MatterMatter is anything
composed of atoms
◦Takes up space◦Has mass
AtomsThe study of chemistry begins
with the basic unit of matter…the atom
Democritus first used word “atomos”, meaning indivisible
Atomic Structure
Elements and Isotopes
Isotopes
Isotope Identification
Radioactive IsotopesNuclei are
unstable and break down.
Do radioactive
isotopes have a
purpose?
CompoundsTwo or more atoms are bonded
togetherChemical bondMoleculeChemical Formula
H2O• Physical & Chemical Properties
very different from the the elements from which they are formed.
Hydrogen & Oxygen are gasses but combine to form liquid water
Chemical BondsIonic BondsCovalent BondsHydrogen BondsVan Der Waals forces
Three Types of BondsIonic
Covalent
Hydrogen
