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2-3 year olds
TODDLER DESCRIPTION
1-3 years Stubborn Egocentric No –Want
(Vocabulary) 1st Word
learned/continues to improve
Terrible Twos Explorer Imitator Temper Tantrums
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Slowed Growth Rapid Mental &
Emotional Development
Weight Gains 5-10 lbs yearly
Height Gains 3 inches yearly
Stands Alone Body –prominent
abdomen, forward curve
Waddles, Walks with wide stance
Body Systems are maturing
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Behavior – Negativism Ritualism Dawdling Temper Tantrums Separation Anxiety
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
Period of Slow and Steady Development No Sudden Growth Social Contact Influences Explores Experiences Independence
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT 2 years – two words, noun-verb Simple sentences No Read to Often Answer Questions Name Objects as they Play Have Toddlers Use Language Read Words, Show Pictures Expressive Comprehensive Vocabulary Imitating What They Hear Difficult – Pronouns Correctly (I, me, him, her) Bilingual – Both Languages
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Autonomy Trust Others Independence Doubt Shame Consistent About Safety Rules Obstinate, Difficult to Manage Resistant to Being Cuddled Enthusiastic About Interacting with People Gender Differences Parallel Play Toys with Action Check Toys – no loose parts, sharp edges Manipulative, Household Activity, or Outdoor Toys
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
Scientist Problem Solving Deferred Imitation Preoperational Thought Use of Assimilation Process
TODDLER SAFETY
Immunizations 15, 18, 24 months Toilet Training Parent-Toddler Relationships Accidents : motor vehicles, falls, aspiration,
drowning, animal bites, poisoning, burns
FEEDING
Eating Problems – messy, appetite varies 15 months – finger feeding, self feed 18 months – able to use spoon/cup, may
throw them, spills less 24 months – appetite fair, defines dislikes,
accepts no help, still spills 30 months – preferences less evident, holds
spoon like adult, tilts head to get last drop from cup
TIPS FOR FEEDING
Small Portions Substitue for disliked food Simply prepared food Social atmosphere Allow to use spoon and fork Regular mealtimes – 20 minutes Small nutritious snacks between meals Desserts – do not use as reward
DRESSING
Easy Buttons Large Zippers, Velcro May Put Clothes on Backwards
SLEEP
1 nap, 8 hours at night Routines prior to sleeping Feel secure
BATH
Routine Fun, but caution Age 2, learn to brush teeth Rinse with water
TOLIET TRAINING
Potty Chair Good Hygiene Approval or No Comment Appropriate Dressing Positive Role Model No Comment on Messiness Do not flush Toilet while child sitting on it Do not expect perfection