2 Accidents

7/31/2019 2 Accidents

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GAJENDRA SINGH CHOUHAN


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Accident Defined

An event

which is Unplanned,

Undesired, Unexpected and

Uncontrolled

& which may or may not result

in damage to property or injury toa person in the course of the

employment


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WhyPrevent Accident ?


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Human

Legal

Economic


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NO ACCIDENT EVEN THOUGHACCIDENT POTENTIAL IS THERE

NEAR-MISS ACCIDENT

ACCIDENT - NO DAMAGE OR INJURY

ACCIDENT - DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT,

MATERIAL OR PROPERTY

ACCIDENT - INJURY TO PERSON/S AND DAMAGE

TO EQUIPMENT, MATERIAL OR PROPERTY


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UNSAFE ACTS UNSAFE CONDITION

ACCIDENT

ORIGIN OF FAULTS

INJURY

HUMAN FAILURE


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Causes Of Accidents


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Unsafe Act on thepart of Persons

88 %

Unsafe Mechanical /

Physical Condition

10 %

Natural Calamities 2 %

98 % OF THE ACCIDENTSCAN BE PREVENTED.


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1

29

300

O.003% OF ALL

ACCIDENT PRODUCE

MAJOR INJURIES

08.8% OF ALL

ACCIDENT PRODUCE

MINOR INJURIES

90.9% OF ALL

ACCIDENT PRODUCE

NO INJURY

MAJOR INJURY

MINOR INJURIES

NO INJURY ACCIDENTS

H.W. HEINRICH (GERMANY) -1931


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300

29

NO DAMAGE ORNO INJURY

CASES

MAJOR

ACCIDENT

MINOR

ACCIDENTS

Major, Minor & Near Miss Accidents


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Reportable Accident


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An Injury Causing DisablementExtending 48 Hours Beyond

the Day or Shift on Which the

Accident Occurred


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Minor < 48 hrs

Major > 48 hrs up to

20 days


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ReactiveApproach

ProactiveApproach

AccidentInjury / Damage

Causatives

Safety

Safety

Causatives

Accident

Injury / Damage

The Approach


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IDENTIFYING THE RISK

ELEMINATING UNSAFE ACTS

ELEMINATING UNSAFE

CONDITION


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Anatomy Of AnAccident


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The 4 ComponentsThe Accident

Result of the accident

Immediate Causes of Accidents

Contributing Causes of accidents


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The AccidentFall

Slip

Collapse

Collision

Being caught in or betweenEruption, Explosion

Burn


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Results Of the Accident

Annoyance

Production Delays

Reduction in QualitySpoilage

Damage to property

Minor InjuriesDisabling Injuries

Fatality


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Immediate Causes Of

AccidentsPPEs provided but not used

Hazardous method of handling

Improper tools or equipments


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Contributing causes

Inadequate codes or standards

Failure by management to enforce thesafety rules and regulation

Faulty design or lack of maintenanceInadequate PPEs

Lack of safety awareness and training

Emotional stability and temperament

+/-Poor physical conditions viz.fatigue,deafness,poor eyesight so onand so forth


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Accident Control

steps


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ACCEPTABLERISK

UNACCEPTABLE

RISK


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IF RISK IS ACCEPTABLE

EVALUATE THE RISK

TAKE NECESSARYPRECAUTIONS

CONTINUE


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IF RISK IS UN-ACCEPTABLE

DISCONTINUE AND TAKENECESSARY ACTION.

REDUCE RISK TO AN

ACCEPTABLE LEVEL

CONTINUE


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Safety PerformanceJob-Hazard Analysis

Enforcement of safety rules

Adequate Knowledge on safety

Promotion of employee

participation in safety

Development of safe working

conditions


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On job safety training

Adequate safety indoctrination

Safety promotions and publicity

Employee participation in safety

programme

Regularly scheduled safety

meetings


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Physical condition Of PersonPeriodic examinations / re-

examinations

Proper job placement

Adequate medical facilities

Check for physical conditions of

the workers on all transfers and

change in jobs,shifts.


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How are accidents Caused


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3 Root Causes of AccidentsTechnical equipment

Working Environment

Worker


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Other deficiencies leading

to mishapsLack of aptitude for the work

Lack of certain skills and co-

ordination

A Possible literacy problem

Attitude or Personality problem

Alcohol or drug problem

Personal life stresses


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A look at some dangerous

occurrences
http://www.clipart.com/en/close-up?o=987561&memlevel=C&a=a&q=dangerous&k_mode=all&s=145&e=168&show=&c=&cid=&findincat=&g=&cc=&page=7&k_exc=&pubid=


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Bursting of a Vessel used for containing

Steam under pressure greater thanAtmospheric Pressure, other than plant whichcomes within the scope of the Indian BoilerAct.

Collapse or failure of a Crane, Derrick Winch,Lift, Hoist or other appliances used in raising or

lowering persons or goods, or any part thereof, or the overturning of a Crane.

Explosion Fire bursting out leakage or


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Explosion, Fire, bursting out, leakage orescape of any molten metal, hot liquor or gascausing bodily injury to any person or

damage to any part or portion of the factoryin which persons are employed or damage toany Plant Machinery or Material.

Explosion of a receiver or container used inany process , or for storage at a pressuregreater than atmospheric pressure, or anygas or any gases including air or any liquid orany solid.


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Collapse or subsidence ofany floor, gallery, roof, bridge,tunnel, chimney, wall orbuilding forming part of afactory or within the

compound or cartilage offactory.


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Causes of these accidents

1] Planning & Organization

2] Defects in technical planning

3] Fixing unsuitable time limits

4] Assignment of work to

incompetent contractors

5] Insufficient or defective

supervision.6] Lack of co-operation between

different crafts


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Execution of the work

Constructional defects

Use of unsuitable building materials

Defective processing of buildingmaterials

Other defects

E i t


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Equipment@ Lack of necessary equipment

@ Use of unsuitable equipment

@ Constructional defects in equipment

@ Lack of safety devices or measures

@ Maintenance Of Equipments


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Management and conduct of work

1]Inadequate preparation of work

2]Inadequate examination of equipment

3] Inadequate instructions concerning the work

4] Employment of unskilled or insufficiently

trained workers

5] Inadequate supervision of work


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Workers behavior

Irresponsibility

Unauthorized action

Carelessness

Detailed risk analysis are required to preventaccidents, as one accident may have several

causes.


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Total No. of Reportable Accidents----- ----------------------------------------- X 106

Total Man hours Worked

FR

Frequency Rate


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Man days lost due to Reportable accident--------------------------------------------------- X 106

Total Man hours Worked

SR

Severity Rate


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Frequency rate x Severity rate

________________________

Risk Index

Accident Rate

Risk Index:

Comparative Index of Hazard Rating.

AR


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** TOTAL MANHOURS WORKED----------------------------------------

WORKING DAYS /YEAR X 10 HOURS/DAY

NO OF FATALITY X 100000-----------------------------

NO OF WORKMEN ENGAGED **

Fatality Rate =

Uniformly followed by all countries.

Fatality Rate

SAFETY PERFORMANCE


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4.363.89

1.86

1.210.88

1.60

1.060.59

0.450.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

96-

97

97-

98

98-

99

99-

00

00-

01

01-

02

02-

03

03-

04

04-

05

SAFETY PERFORMANCE

FREQUENCY RATE


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Accident Cost1]Direct Cost

2] Indirect Cost

The direct cost is as good as a tip of

an Ice -Berg


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DIRECT COST

INDIRECT COST


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DIRECT COST FOR WORKERS

The pain & suffering of the

injury or illness

The loss of income

The possible loss of a job

Health-care costFamily sufferings

DIRECT COST FOR EMPLOYER


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DIRECT COST FOR EMPLOYER

Medical & compensationpayments

Payment of work not

performed

Repair or replacement of

damaged m/c & equipment

Reduction or a temporary haltin production


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Cont

Increased training expenses &administration cost

Possible reduction in thequality of work

Negative impact on moral inother workers


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INDIRECT COST FOR EMPLOYER

The injured/ ill worker has to bereplaced

A new worker has to be trained &given time to adjust

It takes time before the newworker is producing at the rate ofthe original worker


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Preventable Accidents, if

not prevented due to ournegligence,is nothing short

of a murder.

Date post:	05-Apr-2018
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2 Accidents

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