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Non-Current LiabilitiesNon-Current LiabilitiesNon-Current LiabilitiesNon-Current Liabilities

ChapteChapter r

1414Intermediate Accounting

IFRS EditionKieso, Weygandt, and Warfield

DRA. LILIK PURWANTI, M.Si, AK

Utang Obligasi dan Utang Wesel Jk Utang Obligasi dan Utang Wesel Jk PanjangPanjang

Utang Obligasi dan Utang Wesel Jk Utang Obligasi dan Utang Wesel Jk PanjangPanjang

Utang ObligasiUtang ObligasiUtang Wesel Utang Wesel

Jangka PanjangJangka Panjang

Issuing bondsIssuing bonds

Types and ratingsTypes and ratings

ValuationValuation

Effective-interest methodEffective-interest method

Costs of issuingCosts of issuing

Treasury bondsTreasury bonds

ExtinguishmentExtinguishment

Notes issued at face Notes issued at face valuevalue

Notes not issued at face Notes not issued at face valuevalue

Special situationsSpecial situations

Mortgage notes payableMortgage notes payable

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Long-Term Notes PayableLong-Term Notes Payable(Utang Wesel Jangka Panjang)(Utang Wesel Jangka Panjang)Long-Term Notes PayableLong-Term Notes Payable(Utang Wesel Jangka Panjang)(Utang Wesel Jangka Panjang)

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Accounting is Similar to Bonds

A note is valued at the present value of its future interest and principal cash flows.

wesel dinilai pada nilai sekarang dari arus kas masa datang atas bunga dan nominal

Company amortizes any discount or premium over the life of the note.

Diskonto atau premi diamortisasi selama umur wesel

BE14-12 Jennifer Capriati, Inc. menerbitkan wesel nilai nominal $100,000, 4-year, 11% untuk Forest Hills Bank pada 1 January 2011, and received $100,000 cash. Bunga dibayar setiap 31 December. Siapkan jurnal untuk mencatat (a) penerbitan wesel and (b) pembayaran bunga 31 December.

Notes Issued at Face ValueNotes Issued at Face Value(Wesel diterbitkan pada nilai nominal)(Wesel diterbitkan pada nilai nominal)Notes Issued at Face ValueNotes Issued at Face Value(Wesel diterbitkan pada nilai nominal)(Wesel diterbitkan pada nilai nominal)

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(a) Cash 100,000Notes payable 100,000

(b) Interest expense 11,000Cash 11,000

($100,000 x 11% = $11,000)

Zero-Interest-Bearing NotesZero-Interest-Bearing Notes(Wesel dengan tingkat bunga nol/tanpa bunga)(Wesel dengan tingkat bunga nol/tanpa bunga)Zero-Interest-Bearing NotesZero-Interest-Bearing Notes(Wesel dengan tingkat bunga nol/tanpa bunga)(Wesel dengan tingkat bunga nol/tanpa bunga)

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Perbedaan antara the face amount and the present value (cash received) diakui sebagai:

a discount (Diskonto) and

amortizes that amount to interest expense over the life of the note (diamortisasi selama umur wesel)

Turtle Cove Corporation menerbitkan wesel tanpa bunga 4-year, $50,000 untuk Jeremiah Company pada 1 January 2011, and menerima cash of $31,776. Tingkat bunga pasar 12%. Siapkan jurnal untuk mencatat (a) penerbitan wesel 1 Jan. and (b) pengakuan bunga 31 Dec. 0% 12%

Cash I nterest Discount CarryingDate Paid Expense Amortized Amount

1/ 1/ 11 31.776$

12/ 31/ 11 0 3.813$ 3.813$ 35.589

12/ 31/ 12 0 4.271 4.271 39.860

12/ 31/ 13 0 4.783 4.783 44.643

12/ 31/ 11 0 5.357 5.357 50.000

Zero-Interest-Bearing NotesZero-Interest-Bearing NotesZero-Interest-Bearing NotesZero-Interest-Bearing Notes

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Hasil present value $50,000, n = 4, tingkat bunga pasar 12% adalah $31,776, sehingga timbul diskonto sebesar $18,224 yang diamortisasi menggunakan metode bunga efektif.

(a) Cash 31,776Notes payable 31,776

(Mencatat penerbitan wesel dengan diskonto)

(b) Interest expense 3,813 Notes payable 3,813

(Mencatat amortisasi diskonto)($31,776 x 12%)

Zero-Interest-Bearing NotesZero-Interest-Bearing NotesZero-Interest-Bearing NotesZero-Interest-Bearing Notes

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Interest-Bearing NotesInterest-Bearing Notes(Wesel dengan bunga)(Wesel dengan bunga)Interest-Bearing NotesInterest-Bearing Notes(Wesel dengan bunga)(Wesel dengan bunga)

Marie Corp. menerbitkan wesel 4-year, $50,000, 5% kepada Morgan Corp. pada 1 Jan. 2011, untuk uang tunai sebesar $39,369. Bunga wesel dibayar setiap 31 Des. Tingkat bunga pasar 12%. Siapkan jurnal untuk Marie Corp. (a) penerbitan 1 Jan. and (b) pembayaran bunga 31 Dec.

5% 12%Cash I nterest Discount Carrying

Date Paid Expense Amortized Amount

1/1/11 39.369$

12/31/11 2.500$ 4.724$ 2.224$ 41.593

12/31/12 2.500 4.991 2.491 44.084

12/31/13 2.500 5.290 2.790 46.875

12/31/14 2.500 5.625 3.125 50.000

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Notes Issued at Notes Issued at DiscountDiscountNotes Issued at Notes Issued at DiscountDiscount

(a) Cash 39,369Notes payable 39,369

(Mencatat penerbitan wesel dengan diskonto)

(b) Interest expense 4,724Cash 2,500 Notes payable 2,224

(Mencatat amortisasi diskonto dan pembayaran bunga)

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Wesel diterbitkan untuk Property, barang and Jasa

Penerbitan utang untuk property, goods, or services, tingkat bunga wesel dijadikan bunga pasar jika:

Special Notes Payable SituationsSpecial Notes Payable SituationsSpecial Notes Payable SituationsSpecial Notes Payable Situations

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(1) Tidak ada tingkat bunga pasar yang ditetapkan atau

(2) Tingkat bunga pasar tidak layak/tidak masuk akal, atau

(3) Nilai nominal tidak berbeda secara material dengan nilai sekarang sales price atau current fair value dari utang.

Wesel diterbitkan untuk Property, barang Wesel diterbitkan untuk Property, barang and Jasaand Jasa

PT Amalia menjual tanah dengan harga jual tunai $200.000 ke PT Andika. Dalam pertukaran dengan tanah, PT Andika memberikan sebuah wesel tanpa bunga, lima tahun senilai $293.866. Harga jual $200.000 mewakili nilai sekarang wesel $293.866 yang didiskontokan pada 8% selama 5 tahun.Perbedaan antara cash sale price dengan face amount of the note, mewakili tingkat bunga efektif 8% maka perusahaan mencatat transaksi pertukaran sbb:PT Amalia: PT Andika:Piutang Wesel 200.000 Tanah 200.000 Tanah 200.000 Utang wesel200.000

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Choice of Interest Rates

If a company cannot determine the fair value of the property, goods, services, or other rights, and if the note has no ready market, the company must impute an interest rate.

Special Notes Payable SituationsSpecial Notes Payable SituationsSpecial Notes Payable SituationsSpecial Notes Payable Situations

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The choice of rate is affected by:

• Rates yang berlaku for similar instruments

• factors such as restrictive covenants, collateral, payment schedule, and the existing prime interest rate. Lihat contoh hal 735-736

A promissory note secured by a document called a mortgage that pledges title to property as security for the loan.

Mortgage Notes PayableMortgage Notes Payable (Utang Hipotek)(Utang Hipotek)Mortgage Notes PayableMortgage Notes Payable (Utang Hipotek)(Utang Hipotek)

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Most common form of long-term notes payable.

Payable in full at maturity or in installments.

Fixed-rate mortgage.

Variable-rate mortgages.

An attempt to borrow monies in such a way to prevent recording the obligations.

Off-Balance-Sheet FinancingOff-Balance-Sheet FinancingOff-Balance-Sheet FinancingOff-Balance-Sheet Financing

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Different Forms:

• Non-Consolidated Subsidiary

• Special Purpose Entity (SPE)

• Operating Leases

Presentation of Long-Term Debt

Note disclosures generally indicate the nature of the liabilities, maturity dates, interest rates, call provisions, conversion privileges, restrictions imposed by the creditors, and assets designated or pledged as security.

Must disclose future payments for sinking fund requirements and maturity amounts of long-term debt during each of the next five years.

Presentation and Analysis of Long-Presentation and Analysis of Long-Term DebtTerm DebtPresentation and Analysis of Long-Presentation and Analysis of Long-Term DebtTerm Debt

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Analysis of Long-Term Debt

Two ratios that provide information about debt-paying ability and long-run solvency are:

Total debt

Total assets

Debt to total

assets

=

Presentation and Analysis of Long-Presentation and Analysis of Long-Term DebtTerm DebtPresentation and Analysis of Long-Presentation and Analysis of Long-Term DebtTerm Debt

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The higher the percentage of debt to total assets, the greater the risk that the company may be unable to meet its maturing obligations.

1.1.

Analysis of Long-Term Debt

Two ratios that provide information about debt-paying ability and long-run solvency are:

Income before income taxes and interest expense

Interest expense

Times interest earned

=

Presentation and Analysis of Long-Presentation and Analysis of Long-Term DebtTerm DebtPresentation and Analysis of Long-Presentation and Analysis of Long-Term DebtTerm Debt

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Indicates the company’s ability to meet interest payments as they come due.

2.2.

TUGAS MINGGU DEPAN

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Baca bab 15Jawab Questions hal 801 untuk nomor-

nomor:

2, 3, 4, 5, 7,8,9 10