Dental Public Health: Review of Program

Introduction

The Prevention Movement

Preventive Modalities

Dental Hygiene Treatment

Fluoridation

Xylitol

Dental Sealants

Oral Cancer Exams and Tobacco Cessation

Nutritional Counseling

Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART)

Mass Education/Media

Dental Public HealthTHE ORAL HEALTH CARE AND EDUCATION, WITH AN EMPHASIS ON THE UTILIZATION OF DENTAL HYGIENE SCIENCES, DELIVERED TO A TARGET POPULATION

Factors Affecting Dental Health

Access to Care Restriction of dental hygiene services

Shortage of providers

Financial Situations

Insurance

Transportation SES Relation to Dental Health

Dental Hygiene Sciences

Increase in the Geriatric Populations

Malpractice

Insurance Changes

Factors Affecting Dental Health, Continued

Dental Health Care Personnel

Need

Demand

Utilization (wants or seeking behavior)

Supply

Dental Hygiene Shortages

Stages of Learning a new habit

Unawareness is a problem

Awareness

Self-Interest

Involvement

Action

Habit

Transtheoretical Model

Precontemplation

Contemplation

Preparation

Maintenance

Action

Theory of Reasoned Action

Attitude toward the behavior

Subjective norms

Perceived behavioral control

Intention

Behavior

Social Cognitive Theory

Self-Efficacy Theory

Knowledge – Behavior – Environment

Empowerment Models

Participant Oriented

Social Environments

Motivation

Motivation is the will of the individual to act.

Maslow’s Heirarchy of Needs

Behavioral Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Modeling

Lesson PlanDEVELOPMENT

Assessment Phase

Assess target populations’ needs

interests

abilities

Assess resources

Planning

Broad Goal Formulation

Specific Objectives

Select Teaching Methods.

Implementation

Be Prepared.

Effective Teacher Characteristics

Evaluation

Qualitative Measurement (interviews)

Quantitative Measurement (Surveys and Surveillance)

Information Provided to Appropriate Parties (routinely collected data)

Target Populations

Target PopulationsA GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS WITH SIMILARITIES OF SOME SORT WHETHER IT BE AGE, RACE, EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND, LIFE SITUATIONS, AND/OR HEALTH CONDITIONS

Specific Target Populations

Family Caregivers

Health Care Workers

Hospice Workers

Persons with Medical Conditions/Diseases

Developmentally Disabled

Hearing Impaired

Visual Impairments

School Teachers

Social Workers

Ages

Prenatal

Infancy

Children

Adults

Older Adults

Barriers to Dental Hygiene and Dental Care

Age Language Habit

Culture No Finances Lack of Faith

Education Misunderstanding Fear

Transportation Values Safety

Illiteracy Attitudes Denial of Disease

No providers Invulnerability Convenience

Social Issues Education Levels Provider Conflicts

Program Planning

What is a dental public health program?EDUCATIONAL, CLINICAL, AND REFERRAL SERVICES TO A TARGET POPULATION

Preventive Programs

School Fluoride Mouthrinse Programs

School Dental Sealant Programs

Xylitol Programs

Mouthguard Programs

Dental Health Educational Programs

Tobacco Cessation Programs

Denture Identification Programs

Dental Public Health Programs

Operation Smile

Dental Hygiene Program Planning Paradigm

Assessment Population’s dental needs

Demographics

Facility

Personnel

Existing Resources

Funding

Dental Hygiene Program Planning Paradigm, Continued

Dental Hygiene Diagnosis Prioritization of needs

Formulation of diagnosis to provide goals and objectives for blueprint

Planning Methods to measure goals

Blueprint

Address constraints and alternatives.

Dental Hygiene Program Planning Paradigm, Continued

Implementation Program will begin operation.

Revision and changes identified and employed

Evaluation Measuring goals

Qualitative and quantitative evaluation

Ongoing revisions employed

Program EvaluationDENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH

Program Evaluation

Program Planning → Objectives

Measurement of Objectives

Formative

Summative

Evaluation Techniques

Traditional Nonclinical Measurements Interviews

Surveys

Clinical Methods Basic

Dental Indexes

Oral Epidemiology

Study of Oral Diseases

Multifactorial Nature of Disease

Terminology Prevalence

Incidence

Surveilance

BRFSS

Oral Epidemiology Reports

Morbidity and Mortality (MMWR)

Healthy People Reports

Surgeon General’s Report

Epidemiology of Oral Diseases

Periodontal Diseases

Tooth Loss

Dental Caries

Oral Cancer

Cleft Lip/Palate

Injury

Toothaches

Research

Significance of Research to Dental HygieneDENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH IS BASED UPON PROGRAMS THAT HAVE DEMONSTRATED EFFECTIVENESS IN ACHIEVING HEALTH FOR THE POPULATION.

Types of Research

Descriptive

Survey

Observational

Case Studies

Correlational

Epidemiological

Longitudinal

Cross-sectional

Experimental (Prospective)

Quasi-experimental

Beginning Research

Research Question Does Brand X toothpaste whiten teeth?

Positive Hypothesis Brand X toothpaste does significantly whiten teeth.

Null Hypothesis There is no statistically significant difference between Brand X and a

placebo when comparing the whitening of teeth.

Research Design

Formulating a hypothesis

Review of the literature

Methods and materials

Statistical evaluation

Experimental Approaches

Two group pretest/post-test designs

Time series

Post-test only

Factorial

Placebos

Control groups

Sampling Techniques

Randomization

Systematic

Convenience

Stratifying

Interpretation of Data

Statistical Significance

Clinical Significance