2 N34431RA0220 - Cowen...

2

*N34431RA0220*

SECTION A

Answer ALL questions.

For questions 1–10, in Section A, select one answer from A to D and put a cross in the box . If you change your mind, put a line through the box and then

mark your new answer with a cross .

1 The table shows some physical quantities. Which row correctly identifies scalar and vector quantities?

Scalar Vector

A distance acceleration

B time speed

C velocity force

D work power

(Total for Question 1 = 1 mark)

2 A cyclist travelling at a speed of 4.2 m s–1 accelerates at 1.1 m s–2. In a time of 7.4 s the distance travelled is

A 30 m

B 35 m

C 61 m

D 91 m


3 Which of these units is the same as the newton?

A kg m s–1

B kg m s–2

C kg m2 s–2

D kg m2 s–3


3

*N34431RA0320* Turn over

4 A student is asked to determine the output of a motor as it lifts an object. He measures the height through which the object is raised, the time taken and the weight of the object.

To find the power he must calculate

A height × weight × time

B height × weight

time

C time × weight

height

D weight

height × time


5 A football is kicked at a speed of 12 m s–1 at an angle of 35° to the horizontal. The horizontal component of its velocity, in m s–1, is given by

A 12 cos 35°

B 12 sin 35°

C 12

35°cos

D 12

35°sin(Total for Question 5 = 1 mark)

4

*N34431RA0420*

6 The diagram shows a graph plotted using the results from an experiment in which a metal wire was stretched.

The gradient of the graph equals the Young modulus of the metal.

Which row gives the correct labels for the axis?

y x

A extension force

B force extension

C strain stress

D stress strain


7 A pigeon of mass 0.45 kg is flying with kinetic energy 58 J. Its speed is

A 8.0 m s–1

B 11 m s–1

C 16 m s–1

D 22 m s–1


x

y

5

*N34431RA0520* Turn over

8 A ball bearing is dropped through a liquid and its terminal velocity measured. The experiment is repeated at a different temperature.

Which row could correctly describe this second experiment?

Temperature Viscosity Terminal velocity

A lower greater faster

B lower greater slower

C higher greater slower

D higher smaller slower


9 Velocity can be found from the

A area under a displacement-time graph

B area under a force-time graph

C gradient of a displacement-time graph

D gradient of an acceleration-time graph


10 A freely falling object on Earth has a speed of 5.0 m s–1.

After falling a further 20 m its speed is

A 15 m s–1

B 20 m s–1

C 25 m s–1

D 45 m s–1


TOTAL FOR SECTION A = 10 MARKS

Unit 1 6PH01_01

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 A 1 2 C 1 3 B 1 4 B 1 5 A 1 6 D 1 7 C 1 8 B 1 9 C 1 10 B 1

2

*N34505A0224*

SECTION A


For questions 1–10, in Section A, select one answer from A to D and put a cross in the box . If you change your mind, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer

with a cross .

1 Which set of quantities is all scalar?

A acceleration, displacement, velocity

B energy, mass, power

C extension, force, gravitational potential energy

D weight, kinetic energy, work


2 A material is described as ‘not easy to scratch or indent’.

The material is best described as

A hard

B plastic

C stiff

D tough


3 A force of 24 N and a force of 15 N act at right angles to each other.

The size of their resultant force is

A 15.8 N

B 24.3 N

C 28.3 N

D 39.0 N


3

*N34505A0324* Turn over

Use the following graph to answer Questions 4 and 5.

The graph shows how extension varies with applied force for a spring.

4 The stiffness of the spring in Nm–1 is

A 1.5

B 54

C 67

D 150


5 The energy stored in the spring when it is extended by 6.0 cm is

A 0.27 J

B 0.54 J

C 54 J

D 108 J


4

*N34505A0424*

6 The graph shows how kinetic energy varies with distance for a train accelerating from a station.

The quantity represented by the gradient of the graph is

A acceleration

B force

C power

D velocity


7 A car of known mass has a constant acceleration. The resultant force acting on the car can be found by applying

A Newton’s first law

B Newton’s second law

C Newton’s third law

D Stokes’s law


Kinetic energy / J

Distance / m

5


Use the following graph to answer Questions 8 and 9.

8 The graph shows how velocity varies with time for an object.

The total distance travelled by the object in 4 s is

A 20 m

B 40 m

C 60 m

D 80 m


9 The acceleration at 3 s is

A 10 m s–2

B 7 m s–2

C 5 m s–2

D 0 m s–2


6

*N34505A0624*

10 A spring extends by 10 cm when a force of 8.0 N is applied. The limit of proportionality is not exceeded.

Two of these springs are arranged side by side and a force of 4.0 N is applied.

The extension for this arrangement of springs is

A 2.5 cm

B 5.0 cm

C 10 cm

D 20 cm



4.0 N

Unit 1 6PH01_01

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B (1) Total for question 1 Question Number

Answer Mark

2 A (1) Total for question 1 Question Number

Answer Mark

3 C (1) Total for question 1 Question Number

Answer Mark

4 D (1) Total for question 1 Question Number

Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark

10 A (1) Total for question 1

3

Unit 2 6PH02_01

Question Number

Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


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Answer Mark


Answer Mark

10 A (1) Total for question 1

r.cowen

Sticky Note

Needs moving

2

*N35080A0228*

SECTION A




1 Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

A displacement

B force

C time

D velocity


2 A substance which can undergo a large plastic deformation without cracking can be described as

A brittle

B hard

C malleable

D stiff


3 A bus is travelling at a speed of 9.0 m s–1. It then accelerates at a rate of 0.75 m s–2 for a time of 8.0 s. What is its final speed?

A 6.0 m s–1

B 15 m s–1

C 17 m s–1

D 21 m s–1


3


4 Which of the following is not a SI base quantity?

A force

B length

C mass

D time


5 The diagram shows the forces acting on a picture, of weight W, suspended by a cord. The tension in the cord is T.

Which of the following expressions shows the correct relationship between W and T?

A W = 2 T cos θ

B W = T cos θ

C W = T sin θ

D W = 2 T sin θ


T

θ

T

W

4

*N35080A0428*

6 A person weighing 100 N stands on some bathroom scales in a lift. If the scales show a reading of 110 N, which answer could describe the motion of the lift?

A Moving downwards and decelerating.

B Moving downwards with a constant velocity.

C Moving upwards and decelerating.

D Moving upwards with a constant velocity.


7 A spring extends by 9 cm when a force of 6 N is applied. The limit of proportionality is not exceeded.

Another identical spring is joined end to end with this spring and a force of 4 N is applied.

The extension for the pair of springs is

A 3 cm

B 6 cm

C 12 cm

D 18 cm


5


Use the graph below for questions 8 and 9.

The graph shows stress–strain curves for samples of four different materials.

8 Which material has the greatest strength?

A

B

C

D


9 Which material has the greatest value for the Young modulus?

A

B

C

D


StressA

Strain

D

C

B

0

6

*N35080A0628*

10 The acceleration of free fall on a particular planet is 8.0 m s–2. An object is dropped from a height and hits the ground after 1.5 s. From what height was it dropped?

A 6.0 m

B 9.0 m

C 11 m

D 12 m



Question Number

Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark

8 A (1) 9 B (1) Total for question 2 Question Number

Answer Mark

10 B (1) Total for question 1

2

*N35875A0224*

SECTION A




1 Distance travelled can be found from the

A area under a velocity-time graph

B area under an acceleration-time graph

C gradient of a force-time graph

D gradient of a velocity-time graph


2 Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

A acceleration

B displacement

C force

D work


3 A car pulls a trailer of weight 2500 N with a force of 20 N for a distance of 8 km along a horizontal road.

How much work is done by the car in pulling the trailer?

A 160 J

B 20 000 J

C 160 000 J

D 20 000 000 J


3


4 A person is standing at point C in a train carriage travelling round a sharp bend to the right. The person jumps up. Nearest which marked point is the person most likely to land?

A

B

C

D


Direction of bend

A C

D

B

4

*N35875A0424*

5 Which of the following units could be used for power?

A kg m s–2

B kg m2 s–2

C kg m2 s–3

D kg2 m2 s–3


6 A ball is thrown straight up in the air and caught when it comes down. Which graph best shows the velocity of the ball from the moment it is released until just before it is caught?

A B C D


ATime

Velocity

CTime

Velocity

BTime

Velocity

DTime

Velocity

5


7 A building has 5 floors. The windows on successive floors are separated by the same vertical distance. A brick is dropped from a window on each floor at the same time. The bricks should hit the ground at

A decreasing time intervals

B equal time intervals

C increasing time intervals

D the same time


8 All ductile materials are also

A brittle

B hard

C malleable

D stiff


6

*N35875A0624*

Use the diagram below for questions 9 and 10.

The diagram shows four forces acting on an aeroplane.

9 Which of the following shows the correct two relationships if the aeroplane is climbing at a constant velocity?

Relationship 1 Relationship 2

A lift > weight thrust > drag

B lift > weight thrust = drag

C lift = weight thrust > drag

D lift = weight thrust = drag


10 The aeroplane is now flown at a constant altitude but an increasing speed.

Which of the following pairs of forces will have the same magnitude?

A drag and weight

B drag and thrust

C lift and drag

D lift and weight



Lift

Thrust

Weight

Drag

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 A (1) 2 D (1) 3 C (1) 4 A (1) 5 C (1) 6 B (1) 7 A (1) 8 C (1) 9 D (1) 10 D (1) Question Number

Answer Mark

11 Complete the diagram Before A = laminar flow – minimum of 2 continuous smooth lines roughly parallel to wing surface which don’t cross After A = turbulent flow – lines crossing, eddies, sudden

changes in direction, change in direction > 90°, lines disappearing and appearing

(1)

(1)

Total for question 11 2 Question Number

Answer Mark

12 Explain the difference between elastic deformation and plastic deformation QWC – spelling of technical terms must be correct and the answer must be organised in a logical sequence Elastic – returns to original shape when deforming force/stress removed /no permanent deformation Plastic – doesn’t return to original shape when deforming force/stress removed / permanent deformation Suitable material or object named which undergoes elastic and plastic deformation, e.g. spring/wire/strawberry laces – do not accept rubber / elastic band but accept balloon Illustration comparing both types of deformation under different force / stress / strain / amount of deformation for material / object (independent of material mark)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

Total for question 12 4

2

*N37964A0224*

SECTION A


For questions 1–10, in Section A, select one answer from A to D and put a cross in the box .If you change your mind, put a line through the box and then


1 Acceleration can be found from the

A area under a distance-time graph.

B area under a velocity-time graph.

C gradient of a distance-time graph.

D gradient of a velocity-time graph.


2 Which table is correct for scalar and vector quantities?

A has magnitude has a direction

scalar

vector χ

B has magnitude has a direction

scalar χ

vector

C has magnitude has a direction

scalar χ

vector

D has magnitude has a direction

scalar

vector χ


3


3 Which of the following is not a unit of energy?

A N s–1

B kW h

C N m

D W s


Use the following information to answer Questions 4 and 5.

A body is acted on by a vertical force of 18 N and a horizontal force of 32 N.

4 The angle to the horizontal of the resultant force is given by

A cos–1 (18/32)

B tan–1 (18/32)

C sin–1 (32/18)

D tan–1 (32/18)


5 The magnitude of the resultant force in N is

A 32 + 18

B 322 + 182

C 32 18+

D 32 182 2+


4

*N37964A0424*

6 Which of the following statements is true for the two forces in a Newton’s third law pair?

A They have different magnitudes and act in different directions.

B They act in different directions on the same body.

C They have the same magnitude and are different types of force.

D They are the same type of force and act on different bodies.


7 A ball is dropped from rest from a building 35.0 m high.

If air resistance is neglected the ball hits the ground with a speed of

A 8.4 m s–1

B 13.1 m s–1

C 18.5 m s–1

D 26.2 m s–1


8 A physics book gives this definition:

A material which shows a large plastic deformation under compression.

This is the definition for

A ductile

B hard

C malleable

D stiff


5


9 A ball bearing is released in a measuring cylinder filled with oil. To increase the time taken for the ball bearing to reach the bottom, which one of the following would have to increase?

A the temperature of the oil

B the viscosity of the oil

C the gravitational field strength

D the density of the ball bearing


10 Which of the following is a vector quantity?

A distance

B force

C speed

D work



GCE Physics 6PH01/01 Results Mark Scheme January 2011

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 D 1 2 C 1 3 A 1 4 B 1 5 D 1 6 D 1 7 D 1 8 C 1 9 B 1 10 B 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

11* (QWC – Work must be clear and organised in a logical manner using technical wording where appropriate) (N1:) No acceleration / constant velocity (‘constant speed’ not sufficient)/ (at rest or) uniform motion in straight line (1) unless unbalanced/net/resultant force (1) [Converse: If ΣF = 0 / forces in equilibrium (‘body in equilibrium’, ‘equal forces’ not sufficient) 1 mark, there is no acceleration (‘remains at rest’ not sufficient)1 mark] (N2:) acceleration proportional to force / F = ma (1) Qualify by stating resultant/net force / ΣF = ma (1) (Reference to ‘resultant’ for N2 may be credited elsewhere in the answer as they don’t always put it with F = ma, but it must be clearly linked to N2.) (‘External force’ not sufficient) (For answers based on momentum, 'rate of change of momentum' proportional to force / F = ∆(mv)/∆t) If (resultant) force zero, N2 acceleration = 0 OR acceleration only non-zero if (resultant) force non-zero. (1) Names reversed, max 1 per each correctly, fully defined law (i.e. max 3) Last mark not awarded if laws not explicitly identified within question


2

*P38414A0224*

Section A


For questions 1–10, in Section A, select one answer from A to D and put a cross in the box . if you change your mind, put a line through the box and then


1 Which of the following is not a vector quantity?

A displacement

B force

c weight

D work

(total for Question 1 = 1 mark)

2 Which of the following units is equivalent to the SI unit for energy?

A kg m s–2

B kW h

c N m–1

D W s


3

*P38414A0324* Turn over

3 The graph shows how tensile stress varies with tensile strain for a wire.

Which row of the table could give the correct terms for points X, Y and Z?

X Y Z

A Elastic limit Yield point Maximum tensile stress

B Limit of proportionality Elastic limit Yield point

c Elastic limit Maximum tensile stress Limit of proportionality

D Limit of proportionality Yield point Maximum tensile stress


4 The acceleration of free fall on Mars is 3.7 m s–2.

If an object on Mars is launched vertically upwards with an initial speed of 40 m s–1, its speed after 3.0 s will be

A 11 m s–1

B 29 m s–1

c 36 m s–1

D 51 m s–1


Stress

Strain

ZYX

4

*P38414A0424*

5 The gravitational field strength on Mars is 3.7 N kg–1.

A 5.0 kg object is raised through a height of 150 cm on Mars. The change in gravitational potential energy is

A 19 J

B 28 J

c 49 J

D 74 J


6 A ball is dropped to the ground and caught when it bounces up again.

Which of the following graphs shows the velocity of the ball?

A

B

c

D


Velocity

TimeA

Velocity

Timec

Velocity

TimeB

Velocity

TimeD

5


7 A material which resists plastic deformation by scratching is described as

A brittle

B hard

c malleable

D stiff


8 A child goes down a slide. Which of the diagrams correctly represents the forces acting on the child?

A

B

c

D


9 The gradient of a displacement-time graph gives

A acceleration

B displacement

c force

D velocity


A B c D

6

*P38414A0624*

10 A table tennis ball is released beneath the surface of water and moves upwards.

The relationship between the forces acting on the ball when it reaches terminal velocity is

A weight = upthrust

B weight + drag = upthrust

c weight = upthrust + drag

D weight = drag


totAL FoR Section A = 10 MARKS

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 D 1 2 D 1 3 B 1 4 B 1 5 B 1 6 C 1 7 B 1 8 A 1 9 D 1 10 B 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

11(a) Magnitude and direction (for magnitude accept size, but not value, measurement) Examples may be given, but do not accept a definition implying a single quantity only

(1) 1

11(b) Direction changing / not a straight line (so) velocity changing / not constant

(1) (1)

2


Question Number

Answer Mark

12(a) Use of correct trigonometric expression horizontal component = 19 N Example of calculation Horizontal component = force x cos 60º = 19 N

(1) (1)

2

12(b) Use of work = force x distance work = 2100 J Example of calculation Work = 19 N x 20 x 5.5 m = 2090 J

(1) (1)

2

12(c) Use of rate of work = work/time rate of work = 12 W Example of calculation Power = 19 N x 5.5 m / 9s = 11.6 W

(1) (1)

2


2

*P39847A0228*

SECTION A




1 Which statement about scalar and vector quantities is correct?

A Scalars have direction only.

B Scalars have distance only.

C Vectors have magnitude and direction.

D Vectors have magnitude and distance.


2 Which of the following is a unit equivalent to the pascal?

A kg m s–1

B kg m s–2

C kg m–1 s–2

D kg m–2 s–2


3


3 A model boat is crossing a stream. The stream is travelling east at a speed of 1.5 m s–1. The boat is heading north at a speed of 0.5 m s–1.

The magnitude of the resultant velocity is

A (1.5 + 0.5) m s–1

B (1.52 + 0.52) m s–1

C ( . . )1 5 0 5+ m s–1

D ( . . )1 5 0 52 2+ m s–1


4

*P39847A0428*

Questions 4 and 5 refer to the diagram below.

The diagram shows the forces acting on an object on an inclined surface.

4 The component of R parallel to the inclined surface is

A 0

B 1

C R cos

D R sin


5 The object in the diagram would

A remain at rest on the surface.

B move down the surface at constant speed.

C accelerate down the surface.

D move up the surface at constant speed.


R

W

5


6 In the expression F = 6 rv

A v represents viscosity.

B r

C r represents radius and v represents viscosity.

D v represents velocity.


7 A wire of cross-sectional area A and length x is stretched by a force F. The Young modulus of the material of the wire is E.

x is given by

A AE/Fx

B Ex/FA

C FA/Ex

D Fx/AE


8 On a newly discovered planet, an object of mass 8.0 kg has a weight of 60 N.

The gravitational field strength on this planet is

A 0.13 N kg–1

B 7.5 N kg–1

C 9.8 N kg–1

D 480 N kg–1


6

*P39847A0628*

9 A small bubble is rising through a liquid at a constant speed.

Which row of the table correctly summarises the forces in both the diagram and the equation?

V = viscous drag, U = upthrust, W = weight

The force arrows are not drawn to scale.

AU V

W

W = V + U

BU

VW

W = V + U

CU

VW

U = W + V

D U V

W

U = W + V


7


10 A lift carries people from one floor up to the floor above. Which graph shows how the acceleration of the lift varies with time for the complete journey? Assume that the upward direction is positive.

A

B

C

D



+

A

0

–

Time

Acceleration

+

0

–

Time

Acceleration

+

0

–

Time

Acceleration

+

0

–

Time

Acceleration

C

B

D

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2

*P39853A0224*

SECTION A




1 Which of these quantities is not measured in an SI base unit?

A distance

B force

C mass

D time


2 Displacement can be found from the

A area under a distance-time graph.

B area under a velocity-time graph.

C gradient of a distance-time graph.

D gradient of a velocity-time graph.


3 A wire of length x is stretched by a force F x.

A second wire of the same material and cross-sectional area is stretched by the same force. If it has twice the length of the first wire its extension will be

A x

B x

C x

D x


3


4 Which equation shows a scalar quantity as the product of two vector quantities?

A energy = power time

B force = stiffness extension

C mass = density volume

D work = force displacement


5 A material which can be drawn into a wire is described as being

A brittle.

B ductile.

C hard.

D soft.


6 A bowling ball of mass 7.0 kg is travelling at a speed of 4.0 m s–1.

The kinetic energy of the ball is

A 14 J

B 28 J

C 56 J

D 112 J


4

*P39853A0424*

7

The diagram shows an object on an inclined surface.

The component of the weight W parallel to the surface is

A 0

B 1

C W cos

D W sin


8 A stone is dropped from a bridge into a river.

Which graph correctly shows the variation of gravitational potential energy Ep with kinetic energy Ek for the falling stone?

A

B

C

D


R

W

Ep

Ek0

Ep

Ek0

Ep

Ek0

Ep

Ek0

A B C D

5


9 A motor raises a mass m h in time t.

The power of the motor is given by

A mgt h

B

C

D


10 The graph shows the stress-strain graph for a wire.

Which point would give the value for maximum tensile stress?

A

B

C

D



Stress

0Strain

AB

C

D

mgt hmg h

tmgt h

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B 1 2 B 1 3 C 1 4 D 1 5 B 1 6 C 1 7 D 1 8 A 1 9 C 1 10 C 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

11* (QWC – Work must be clear and organised in a logical manner using technical wording where appropriate) Plastic: doesn’t return to original shape OR stays stretched OR permanently deformed OR stays bent … when force/stress removed This is brittle behaviour Breaks/fails/cracks/snaps with little/no plastic deformation OR breaks under stress due to propagation of cracks OR breaks just beyond elastic limit / limit of proportionality

(1) (1)

(1) (1)

4 Total for question 11 4

Question Number

Answer Mark

12 Newton’s 3rd law: The minimum: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction OR More detail: An object A exerts a force on object B then object B exerts an equal and opposite force on object A

• Forces act on different bodies OR forces act on the road and the tyre

• Forces act in opposite directions OR (directions of the) forces are backwards and forwards

• Forces have same magnitude/size OR both forces are 300 N

• Forces are of same kind OR forces are both are (frictional) contact

forces/friction

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

5


2

*P41627A0228*

SECTION A




1 An object of weight 7 N is raised from a height of 2 m to a height of 8 m.

The change in gravitational potential energy is

A 42 J

B 56 J

C 412 J

D 549 J


2 Which of the following is a derived SI unit?

A joule

B metre

C power

D time


3 A student is asked to solve the following problem:

An object is thrown upwards with a speed of 25 m s–1. How high will it be when the speed is 12 m s–1?

Which equation will allow the problem to be solved in a single calculation?

A s = ut + ½ at2

B s = (u + v)t/2

C v = u + at

D v2 = u2 + 2as


3


4 When beer is being brewed it can contain bubbles of gas rising through it as well as solid particles, such as grain particles, falling through it.

Which row of the table correctly shows the forces on a rising gas bubble and a falling solid particle?

F = viscous drag, U = upthrust, W = weight

Gas bubble Solid particle

A

U F

W

U

FW

B

U

FW

U F

W

C

U

FW

U

FW

D

U F

W

U F

W


4

*P41627A0428*

5 A cylinder of length 50 cm has a force applied to it. The new length of the cylinder is 45 cm.

The quantity determined using 5 cm50 cm

is

A compressive strain.

B compressive stress.

C tensile strain.

D tensile stress.


50 cm45 cm

5


6 An object is thrown horizontally from the roof of a building.

Which pair of displacement–time graphs correctly shows the vertical and horizontal components of displacement for the object until it lands? Assume that there is no air resistance.

Vertical Horizontal

A

B

C

D


s

t

s

t

s

t

s

t

s

t

s

t

s

t

s

t

6

*P41627A0628*

7 Three springs X, Y and Z have forces applied to them. For each spring a graph is plotted of length L of the spring against force F. The graphs are shown below:

Which of the springs obey Hooke’s law?

A X and Y

B X and Z

C Y and Z

D Y only


8 A car of mass 1400 kg is travelling at 25 m s–1.

The kinetic energy of the car is

A 17.5 kJ

B 35.0 kJ

C 438 kJ

D 875 kJ


L X

F

LY

F

LZ

F

7


Questions 9 and 10 refer to the information below.

An aeroplane is flying horizontally and heading north through the air. Its speed through the air is a and the wind is blowing east with a speed b.

9 The speed over the ground is given by

A a + b

B a2 + b2

C a b+

D a b2 2+


10 The angle from north at which the plane flies over the ground is given by

A cos–1 a/b

B sin–1 b/a

C tan–1 a/b

D tan–1 b/a



b

a

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 A 1 2 A 1 3 D 1 4 B 1 5 A 1 6 C 1 7 A 1 8 C 1 9 D 1 10 D 1 Question Number

Answer Mark

11 Statement describing the relationship between viscosity and temperature. e.g. Viscosity increases with decreasing temperature Or viscosity decrease with increasing temperature Or viscosity is inversely proportional to temperature Statement describing either what happens between the oil and the (engine) parts when it gets too hot or too cold e.g. If too cold, the oil could be too viscous/thick to spread sufficiently Or if too hot, the oil would run off Or if too hot oil would not stick to parts

(1)

(1) 2


3


SEctioN A


For questions 1–10, in Section A, select one answer from A to D and put a cross in the box . if you change your mind, put a line through the box and then


1 Which of the following is a vector quantity?

A kinetic energy

B mass

c power

D velocity


2 Which of these statements about work is not correct?

A For work to be done a force must always be applied.

B When work is done energy is transferred.

c Work done is the product of force and distance moved perpendicular to the force.

D Work done is a scalar quantity.


3 Concrete pillars may be used to support heavy roofs.

Concrete is used because it has a

A high compressive strength.

B high tensile strength.

c low stiffness.

D low Young modulus.

(total for Question 3 = 1 mark)exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

4

*P43321A0432*

Questions 4, 5 and 6 refer to the graph below.

A ball is dropped from a height of 1.3 m. The graph shows how the height above the ground varies with time for several bounces.

4 At 2.6 s the magnitude of the displacement from the starting position is

A 0.20 m

B 0.60 m

c 0.70 m

D 1.30 m


1.40

1.20

1.00

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

0.000.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00

Time / s

Hei

ght /

mex

empla

r

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

5


5 How can the velocity of the ball at time t = 2.5 s be determined from the graph?

A Calculate the area between the graph and the time axis up to t = 2.5 s.

B Divide the displacement at t = 2.5 s by 2.5 s.

c Divide the height at t = 2.5 s by 2.5 s.

D Draw a tangent to the graph at t = 2.5 s and calculate its gradient.


6 Which of the following graphs could be the velocity-time graph for the ball?

A

B

c

D


Velocity

Time

A

Velocity

Time

B

Velocity

Time

c

Velocity

Time

D

exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

6

*P43321A0632*

Questions 7 and 8 refer to the diagram below.

The diagram shows the forces acting on a hot air balloon when at a constant height.

7 Select the row in the table that correctly describes the situation when the air in the balloon is heated.

observation Reason

A Balloon rises Weight > Upthrust

B Balloon falls Weight > Upthrust

c Balloon rises Weight < Upthrust

D Balloon falls Weight < Upthrust


upthrust

weight

exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

7


8 Below is a free-body force diagram for the balloon when a wind is blowing.

The magnitude of the resultant force acting on the balloon is

A 400 N

B 500 N

c 700 N

D 9 805 N


9 A steel wire and a brass wire, with identical cross sectional areas and lengths, are fused together. The Young modulus for steel is approximately twice that of brass.

The combined wire is stretched.

The ratio extension of steel wireextension of brass wire

is approximately

A 2.0

B 1.0

c 0.50

D 0.25


Upthrust = 10 200 N

Weight = 9800 N

Force due to wind = 300 N

steel brass

exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

8

*P43321A0832*

10 A spring is suspended from a bar. When a load of 6.0 N is added to the bottom of the spring, its length changes from 0.040 m to 0.13 m.

To find the spring constant of the spring you would use

A 0 136 0..mN

B 6 00 13..Nm

c 6 00 090..Nm

D 0 0906 0..mN


totAL FoR SEctioN A = 10 MARKS

exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

Question Number

Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

1 D 1 Question Number


2 C 1 Question Number


3 A 1 Question Number




5 D 1 Question Number


6 A 1 Question Number




8 B 1 Question Number




10 C 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 C 12 C 1 3 A 1 4 C 1 5 B 1 6 C 1 7 B 1 8 D 1 9 C 1 10 C 1 Question Number

Answer Mark

11 Viscosity is lower at higher/room temperature (Butter at a higher temperature:) requires less force/friction/resistance (to spread) Or less work needs to be done (to spread the butter) (Accept converse answer for MP1 and MP2)

(1)

(1)

2


Answer Mark

12(a) The balloon has the maximum/greatest speed/velocity Or the greatest distance is covered in the shortest/same time

(1)

1

12(b) Use of ΔEgrav = mgΔh (with a Δh and not just h) Use of average rate of energy transfer =

.

(do not penalise power of ten errors for MP2) Average rate of energy transfer = 0.18 – 0.19(W) Example of calculation ΔEgrav = 0.004 kg × 9.81 N kg−1 × (1.8 m – 1.1 m) = 0.027 J

Average rate of energy transfer = .

.0.18 W

(1) (1) (1)

3


2

*P43269A0228*

SECTION A




1 The newton can be written in base units as

A kg m

B kg m s

C kg m s

D kg m s


2 Select the row of the table which correctly describes the properties of glass.

Brittle Tough Malleable

A No No No

B Yes No No

C Yes No Yes

D Yes Yes No


3


3 The surface of a golf ball is covered in small dimples. These dimples enable the ball to travel a greater distance when struck by a golf club.

Which of these statements is true?

A The dimples result in only turbulent flow.

B The dimples result in only laminar flow.

C The dimples reduce drag.

D The dimples increase drag.


4 Two ropes are attached to a box. Each rope is pulled with a force of 40 N at an angle of 35° to the direction of travel.

The work done, in joules, is found using

A

B

C

D ×


40 N

40 N

35°

Direction of travel

35°

4

*P43269A0428*

Use the following information to answer questions 5 and 6.

5 A 6.0 N force will extend the spring by

A

B 0.30 m

C 0.60 m

D 0.90 m


6

A 0.09 J

B 0.30 J

C 0.60 J

D 0.90 J


5


7 A spanner is thrown horizontally. As it moves it spins in a clockwise direction in a vertical plane.

Which row of the table could not show the relative positions of the spanner when released and during motion?

Position when released Position during motion

A

B

C

D


Initial direction of travel

Centre of gravity

6

*P43269A0628*

8

The acceleration, in m s , of the rocket at take-off is found using

A 150 00011 000

B 150 000 11 000

11 000−

C 150 000 11 000 9 8111 000

− ×( . )

D 150 000 11 000 9 8111 000 9 81

− ××

( . )( . )


7


Questions 9 and 10 refer to the graph below.

The graph is a displacement-time graph for a runner.

9 The velocity of the runner at 5 s is approximately

A 8 m s

B 9 m s

C

D 40 m s


80 –

60 –

40 –

0 –

Time / s

Dis

plac

emen

t / m

0 4 6 8

8

*P43269A0828*

10

A B C D

A

B

C

D



v

t

v

t

v

t

v

t

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 C 1 2 B 1 3 C 1 4 B 1 5 D 1 6 B 17 C 1 8 C 1 9 C 1 10 B 1 Question Number

Answer Mark

11(a)(i) A = work done (by friction/drag/brakes on the car ) Or decrease in kinetic energy (due to friction/drag/brakes)

(1)

1

11(a)(ii) B = car is travelling at a (lower) constant velocity

(1) 1

11(b) A quantity with both magnitude and direction Acceleration/momentum/force/lift/drag/thrust/weight

(1) (1)

2


Answer Mark

12 The graph for sample A (for small extensions obeys Hooke’s law as it ) is a straight line through the origin The graph for B is not a straight line (through the origin)

(1)

(1)

(1)

3


2

*N34432A0224*

SECTION A




1 A child’s toy is operated by a small motor. The potential difference across the motor is 6.0 V and the current in it is 0.20 A. The energy used by the motor in 120 s is

A 2.40 J

B 60.0 J

C 144 J

D 3600 J


2 Which one of the following does not apply to sound waves?

A They transmit energy.

B They travel faster in a vacuum.

C They result from vibrations.

D They are longitudinal waves.


3 Two coherent sources emit waves of wavelength λ in phase. At a point where the two waves meet they have a phase difference of 90° (2 radians). Which of the following could be the path difference at this point?

A 2λ

B λ

C 2λ

D 4λ


4

5

3


4 The four diagrams show waves of different wavelengths approaching slits of different widths.

A B C D

In which diagram will the diffraction be the greatest?

A

B

C

D


5 The heating element for an electric fire is made from a wire of resistance R. It is replaced with a wire of the same material which has the same length but is twice the diameter. The resistance of this second wire is

A ¼R

B ½R

C 2R

D 4R


4

*N34432A0424*

6 The diagram shows a resistor network.

The total resistance between points X and Y is

A 0.25Ω

B 1.0Ω

C 4.0Ω

D 16Ω


7 The speed of sound in steel is 6000 m s–1. The wavelength of an ultrasound wave of frequency 50 kHz travelling through a steel girder is

A 0.0083 m

B 0.12 m

C 8.3 m

D 120 m


8

9

4Ω 4Ω

4Ω4Ω

X Y

5


8 Which one of the following graphs correctly shows the relationship between potential difference (V) and current (I) for a filament lamp?

A B C D

A

B

C

D


9 Light travels into a semicircular glass block as shown in the diagram. The ray of light reaches the straight edge of the block at an angle of incidence i.

The critical angle for glass is c.

Which one of the following statements is true for light at the straight edge?

A When i is bigger than c then no light is reflected.

B When i is bigger than c then no light is transmitted.

C When i is smaller than c then no light is reflected.

D When i is smaller than c then no light is transmitted.


V

I0

V

I0

V

I0

V

I0

i

6

*N34432A0624*

10 When a fire engine moves away from an observer, the pitch of the siren heard by the observer decreases. This is because

A the wavelength of the sound wave decreases

B the speed of the fire engine increases

C the frequency of the siren decreases

D the distance travelled by each wavefront increases



11

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

12

Unit 2 6PH02_01

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 C 1 2 B 1 3 D 1 4 B 1 5 A 1 6 C 1 7 B 1 8 C 1 9 B 1 10 D 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

11 p.d. is electrical energy(/coulomb) transferred between two points/electrical energy transformed/converted to other forms (1) e.m.f is the energy(/coulomb) supplied to a circuit/given to the charge/energy output of the cell (1) (full credit if wording implies emf as electrical energy source and pd as electrical energy sink) If neither mark scored but reference to energy/charge is made scores 1 mark only

2

Total for question 2

2

*N34506A0224*

SECTION A




1 A volt can be defined as

A a coulomb per joule

B a coulomb per second

C a joule per coulomb

D a joule per second


2 Which of the following electromagnetic radiations has the highest frequency?

A infrared

B radio

C ultraviolet

D X-rays


3 Which of the following properties could not be demonstrated using sound waves?

A diffraction

B polarisation

C reflection

D refraction


3


4 Two identical resistors connected in series have a total resistance of 8 Ω. The same two resistors when connected in parallel have a total resistance of

A 0.5 Ω

B 2 Ω

C 4 Ω

D 8 Ω


5 A beam of light travels a distance X to arrive at a point. A second beam of light of the same frequency and initially in phase with the first beam, travels a distance Y to arrive at the same point. For destructive interference to occur between these two beams, the path difference X–Y must equal

A an odd number of wavelengths.

B an even number of wavelengths.

C an odd number of half wavelengths.

D an even number of half wavelengths.


4

*N34506A0424*

6 The diagram shows some of the electron energy levels for a mercury atom.

Which of the lines A to D, drawn on the diagram, would correspond to the emission of the photon with the shortest wavelength?

A

B

C

D


7 To be able to see smaller details in an ultrasound scan, you should

A decrease the frequency of the ultrasound

B decrease the wavelength of the ultrasound

C increase the duration of the pulse of the ultrasound

D increase the size of the screen to view the scan


0–1.6

–5.5

–10.4

Energy / eVA

DC

B

5


8 An earthquake wave travels in an east-west direction in rocks. The rocks are vibrating in a north-south direction. The wave must be classified as a

A longitudinal wave

B standing wave

C stationary wave

D transverse wave


9 The refractive index of glass can be found by tracing a ray of light through a block of glass and measuring angles.

Which of the following expressions is equal to the refractive index of glass?

A sinsin

wy

B sinsin

yw

C sinsin

xz

D sinsin

zx


xw

yz

6

*N34506A0624*

10 Two wires of the same material are connected in series with each other. Wire A has twice the diameter of wire B. In which of the following rows are both statements correct?

current in wire Acurrent in wire B

drift speed in wire Adrift speed in wire B

A 114

B 1 4

C 2 4

D 214



Unit 1 6PH07_01

Question Number

Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark


Answer Mark

Question

Number

Answer Mark

5

Means of measuring resistance or V and I (1)

Measure length of wire with metre rule (1)

Measure diameter (1)

Use of micrometer (1)

Calculate area (appropriate equation) (1)

Quote correct equation ρ = RA (1)

l

Sensible precaution (1)

Total 7

Question Number

Answer Mark

6. (a) (YM =stress/strain =) gradient (1) (1)

(b) 14.7 GPa (1) ± 0.5 GPa (1) u.e. once only

(2)

(c) Value is in GPa, G means 109, so yes (1) 1010 can mean anything from 5.0 x 109 to 4.9 x1010 so my answer is within range (1) Or value shown to be 1010 when written to one d.p (2)

(2)

(d) Stiffness applies to a given sample (only)/YM applies to any sample of this material (1)

(1)

Total 6

3

2

*N35081A0224*

SECTION A




1 Identify which of the following pairs of units are both SI base units.

A Ampere Hertz

B Ampere Second

C Coulomb Hertz

D Coulomb Second


2 The resistance of a length of copper wire is 6 Ω. A second piece of copper wire has twice the length and twice the cross-sectional area. The resistance of the second piece of copper wire is

A 3 Ω

B 6 Ω

C 12 Ω

D 24 Ω


3 Which of the following statements about standing waves is not true?

A particles between adjacent nodes oscillate with varying amplitudes

B particles between adjacent nodes are moving in phase with each other

C particles immediately either side of a node are moving in opposite directions

D particles undergo no disturbance at an antinode


3


4 A resistor is connected to a cell. An amount of charge Q passes through the resistor in a time t. During this time, the amount of chemical energy converted to electrical energy by the cell is E.

Select the row of the table which correctly gives the current in the resistor and the e.m.f. of the cell.

Current e.m.f.

A Q/t EQ

B Qt EQ

C Q/t E/Q

D Qt E/Q


4

*N35081A0424*

5 A cathode ray oscilloscope can be used to show how the displacement of a wave varies with time. Each square in the horizontal direction represents 5.00 ms.

The frequency of the wave is

A 25 Hz

B 50 Hz

C 250 Hz

D 500 Hz


5


6 The diagram shows the energy transfer for an electric motor.

The efficiency of the motor is

A E

E E1

2 3+

B EE

1

2

C EE

3

1

D E E

E2 3

1

+


7 An electron is accelerated through a large potential difference and gains a kinetic energy of 47 keV. This energy expressed as joules equals

A 7.5 × 10–18 J

B 7.5 × 10–15 J

C 2.9 × 1020 J

D 2.9 × 1023 J


Electrical energy input E1

Mechanical energy output E3

Thermal energy output E2

MOTOR

6

*N35081A0624*

8 A source of sound moves away from an observer at a steadily increasing speed. Compared with the original sound, the wavelength reaching the observer will be

A greater and decreasing.

B greater and increasing.

C smaller and decreasing.

D smaller and increasing.


7


Use the diagram below for questions 9 and 10.

The diagram shows a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass block.

9 Which row in the table below correctly identifies the changes to the properties of the light as it enters the glass block?

Frequency Velocity Wavelength

A no change decreases decreases

B no change increases increases

C increases increases no change

D increases no change decreases


10 The refractive index of the glass is

A 0.52

B 0.63

C 1.6

D 1.9



25°

55°35°

65°

2

*N35876A0224*

SECTION A




1 A formula for the speed v of ocean waves, in terms of the acceleration of free fall g and the wavelength λ, is λv g= .

Which of the following is the correct expression for the SI base units on the right hand side of this formula?

A m s2 2−

B ms−2

C m s2 −2

D ms−2


2 Which line of the table correctly summarises the changes in wave characteristics when moving from ultraviolet to infrared in the visible spectrum?

Wavelength Speed in a vacuum

A Decreases Increases

B Increases Decreases

C Decreases Remains the same

D Increases Remains the same


3


3 The diagrams show connected wires that carry currents I1, I2, I3 and I4.

The currents are related by the equation I1 + I2 = I3 + I4

Identify the diagram that this equation applies to.

A B C D

A

B

C

D


4 A 100 W lamp connected to the 230 V mains is replaced by a lamp which has twice the resistance. The power of the new lamp is

A 25 W

B 50 W

C 200 W

D 400 W


I1 I2

I3

I4

I1 I2

I3I4 I1

I2

I3

I4

I1

I2

I3

I4

4

*N35876A0424*

5 The diagram shows some of the electron energy levels for the hydrogen atom with four possible transitions.

The transition that would result in the emission of the longest wavelength is

A

B

C

D


6 Ultrasound pulses are used to detect shoals of fish in the sea. A shoal of fish is at a depth of 300 m and the speed of ultrasound in water is 1500 m s–1. The time interval between transmitting and receiving the pulse will be

A 0.20 s

B 0.40 s

C 2.5 s

D 5.0 s


A B

C D0–0.85–1.51

–3.39

–13.6

Energy / eV

5


7 The graph shows the displacement of molecules against their distance from a wave source. Which of the points A to D, marked on the graph, has a phase difference of 270° with point X?

A

B

C

D


8 The behaviour of light can be described in terms of waves or particles. The particle nature of light can be demonstrated by

A light being diffracted as it passes through a narrow slit.

B the speed of light reducing when it is refracted by glass.

C light causing electrons to be emitted from a metal surface.

D light being polarised.


A

displacement

B C D distance

X

6

*N35876A0624*

9 The current in a wire

A depends only on the potential difference applied.

B depends only on the resistance of the wire.

C depends on both the potential difference and the resistance of the wire.

D does not depend on the potential difference or the resistance of the wire.


10 The graph shows the relationship between potential difference V and current I for a fixed 20 Ω resistor and a filament lamp.

The resistor and lamp are placed in series with a 9 V battery of negligible internal resistance. The current in the circuit is

A 0.1 A

B 0.2 A

C 0.3 A

D 0.4 A



10

8

6

4

2

00 0.2 I /A0.3 0.4

V /V

0.1

resistor

lamp

9V

20 Ω

6PH02_01 1006

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 A (1) 2 D (1) 3 C (1) 4 B (1) 5 D (1) 6 B (1) 7 A (1) 8 C (1) 9 C (1) 10 C (1)

Question Number

Answer Mark

11 See c = 3 × 108 (m s-1)

converts MHz to Hz λ = 3.13 m Example of calculation λ = ( 3× 108 m s-1) / 95.8 × 106 Hz λ = 3.13 m

(1) (1) (1)


Question Number

Answer Mark

12(a) Resistivity is a constant for the material / metal OR resistivity depends on / is a property of the material / metal Resistance depends on (resistivity and) length / area /dimensions OR R = ρl/A with terms defined (do not credit rearranged equation)

(1)

(1)

12(b) Correct substitution into the R = ρl/A formula R = 0.0085 Ω [ue applies. Common error is to rearrange eqn and confuse R and ρ gives answer 3.4 × 10 -14 scores zero] Example of calculation R = (1.7 × 10-8 Ω m × 0.5 m) / 1× 10-6 m2

R = 0.0085 Ω

(1) (1)


2

*N37965A0224*

SECTION A




1 The amount of electrical energy transferred when a charge of 8 mC moves through a potential difference of 12 V is

A 1500 J

B 96 J

C 9.6 10–2 J

D 6.7 10–4 J


2 The battery in the circuit has negligible internal resistance and an e.m.f. of 12 V.

The potential difference across the parallel combination is

A 0 V

B 4 V

C 6 V

D 8 V


12 V

200 k

200 k

200 k

3


3 A stationary observer hears a sound emitted by a moving source.

This produces a Doppler effect which is a

A change in frequency of the sound emitted by the source.

B change in frequency of the sound heard by the observer.

C change in velocity of the sound emitted by the source.

D change in velocity of the sound heard by the observer.


4 The diagram shows four electron energy levels in an atom. The transition of an electron from level 3 to level 1 is shown. This results in the emission of a photon in the visible range.

Which transition might emit a photon in the ultraviolet range?

A from level 2 to level 1

B from level 4 to level 1

C from level 3 to level 2

D from level 4 to level 2


Energy levels43

2

1

4

*N37965A0424*

5 In the circuit shown, the battery has negligible internal resistance. L, M and N are identical lamps.

The filament of lamp M breaks. Identify the row of the table which shows the resulting changes in the brightness of lamps L and N.

Lamp L Lamp N

A increases stays the same

B stays the same decreases

C decreases increases

D increases decreases


6 Which of the following can be used as a unit of electrical resistance?

A W A–2

B A V–1

C W V–2

D V C–1


L

M

N

5


7 Two waves have the same frequency and are travelling in the same medium. The two waves can produce a standing wave if they

A have different amplitudes and travel in opposite directions.

B have different amplitudes and travel in the same direction.

C have the same amplitude and travel in opposite directions.

D have the same amplitude and travel in the same direction.


8 The drift velocity v of electrons in a conductor is directly proportional to

A electron charge.

B charge carrier density.

C cross-sectional area.

D current.


9 In the 1930s, experiments were performed where beams of X-rays or beams of high energy electrons were directed through a crystal as shown in the diagram.

Which of the following statements about the experiments is correct?

A They show that the X-rays are behaving like particles.

B They show that the electrons have a wavelength similar to the size of the atoms.

C They show that electrons are charged.

D They show that electrons can have all of the properties of electromagnetic radiation.


Diffraction patternBeam of X-rays

Crystal

or electrons

6

*N37965A0624*

10 The graph shows how the current I varies with potential difference V for an electrical component.

Which row of the table gives the resistance of the component at V2 and describes how the resistance changes from V1 to V2?

Resistance at V2 Change in resistance from V1 to V2

AV VI I2 1

2 1increases

BV VI I2 1

2 1decreases

CVI

2

2increases

DVI

2

2decreases



I

0

I2

I1

V1 V2 V


Question Number

Answer Mark

1 C 1 2 B 1 3 B 1 4 B 1 5 D 1 6 A 1 7 C 1 8 D 1 9 B 1 10 D 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

11(a) The vibrations/oscillations/movement of the molecules is parallel to /along same line as energy/ wave travels /in the same direction as the wave travels (1)

1

11(b)(i) Any two compressions accurately marked (1)

1

11(b)(ii)

Any two rarefactions(one could be at left hand end) accurately marked (1) 1

11(b)(iii)

Any correct answer e.g. centre of compression to centre of adjacent compression (1) 1

11(c) Two positions of compressions labelled P or C, approximately 1 or 2 correct wavelengths apart (1) Positioned half way from a true R to the next true C (1)

[

Diagram for Q11 showing possible markings of C, R and P

2


2

*P38415A0228*

SECTION A




1 A laser beam is directed at the surface of a smooth, calm pond as shown in the diagram.

Which organisms could be illuminated by the laser light?

A The bird and the fish.

B The crab and the pondweed.

C The bird and the pondweed.

D The crab and the fish.


Normal

LaserBird

Air

Water

Crab

Fish

Pondweed

3


2 A student wants to find the internal resistance of a cell. He plots a graph of the potential difference across the terminals of the cell against the current through the cell.

Which of the following quantities gives the internal resistance of the cell?

A The area under the graph.

B The intercept on the current axis.

C The intercept on the potential difference axis.

D The magnitude of the gradient.


3 A longitudinal wave is moving along a spring. Two points on the spring are separated by half a wavelength. The displacements at these points on the spring are always

A constant.

B in the same direction as each other.

C in opposite directions to each other.

D in a direction at right angles to the direction of travel of the wave.


Potential difference / V

Current / A1 2 3 4 5

0

1

2

0

3

4

*P38415A0428*

4 Which of the following statements about infrared radiation and ultraviolet radiation is true?

A An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

B Energy can be transferred by infrared radiation but not by ultraviolet radiation.

C In a vacuum, infrared radiation travels faster than ultraviolet radiation.

D Ultraviolet radiation has a longer wavelength than infrared radiation.


5 A negative temperature coefficient thermistor is connected as shown in the circuit diagram.

The cell has a negligible internal resistance. The effect of decreasing the temperature of the thermistor is that the

A ammeter reading will decrease.

B ammeter reading will increase.

C voltmeter reading will decrease.

D voltmeter reading will increase.


V

A

5


6 The unit of potential difference is the volt. A correct alternative unit is

A J A–1 s–1

B J A s–1

C J A s

D J A–1 s


7 The diagram represents shallow water waves of constant wavelength passing through two small openings in a barrier.

The statement which best describes the interference at point P is:

A It is constructive and causes a longer wavelength.

B It is constructive and causes an increase in amplitude.

C It is destructive and causes a shorter wavelength.

D It is destructive and causes a decrease in amplitude.


8 A wave is diffracted as it passes through an opening in a barrier. The amount of diffraction that the wave undergoes depends on both the

A amplitude and frequency of the incident wave.

B wavelength and amplitude of the incident wave.

C wavelength of the incident wave and the size of the opening.

D amplitude of the incident wave and the size of the opening.


CrestTrough

P

6

*P38415A0628*

9 Two wires of the same material are connected in series in the circuit shown.

The cross-sectional area of wire X is twice the cross-sectional area of wire Y.

The drift velocities of the electrons in these two wires are vX and vY.

The value of vvX

Y is

A ½

B 1

C 2

D 4


10 Which of the following provides evidence that light has a wave nature?

A The emission of light from an energy-level transition in a hydrogen atom.

B The diffraction of light passing through a narrow opening.

C The absorption of ultra-violet radiation in the photoelectric effect.

D The reflection of light from a mirror.



Wire X Wire Y

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 A 1 2 D 1 3 C 1 4 A 1 5 A 1 6 A 1 7 B 1 8 C 1 9 A 1 10 B 1

2

*P39848A0224*

SECTION A




1 Which of the following electromagnetic radiations has the lowest frequency?

A gamma

B infrared

C ultraviolet

D X-rays


2 When light from a distant star reaches us on Earth, its wavelength appears shifted towards the red end of the spectrum. This is because

A the distance travelled by each successive wave has increased.

B the frequency of the light emitted has decreased.

C the speed of the star has increased.

D the star is emitting longer wavelengths.


3 Two loudspeakers produce identical sounds of frequency 440 Hz which superpose to produce a standing wave. Adjacent nodes are formed 0.75 m apart.

Select the correct statement about the waves.

A The frequency heard is 880 Hz.

B The speed of the waves is 165 m s–1.

C The wavelength of the waves is 1.5 m.

D The waves are travelling in the same direction.


3


4 The diagram shows an experiment set up to demonstrate two-source interference, using microwaves of wavelength .

The detector is moved from O in the direction of the upwards arrow. The first position where the signal is a minimum is P.

The equation that correctly determines the position of P is

A OP =

B OP = /2

C S1 P – S2 P =

D S1 P – S2 P = /2


5 During a thunderstorm, a flash of lightning resulted in 600000 C of charge flowing in a lightning conductor in a time of 40 ms. The current in the conductor was

A 1.5 × 104 A

B 2.4 × 104 A

C 1.5 × 107 A

D 2.4 × 107 A


6 The unit of potential difference can be expressed as

A C s–1

B J C–1

C –1

D J A–1


Microwave transmitter

S2

P

S1

OMicrowave

detector

4

*P39848A0424*

7 A steady potential difference is applied across a variable resistor that is kept at a constant temperature.

The graph which represents the relationship between the resistance R of the variable resistor and the current I through it is

A

B

C

D


8 Early experiments to measure the speed of light involved timing pulses of light being reflected back from distant mirrors. If a pulse of light was emitted and then detected 0.24 ms later, the distance to the mirror was

A 7.2 × 107 m

B 3.6 × 107 m

C 7.2 × 104 m

D 3.6 × 104 m


A

I

0 RB

I

0 R

C

I

0 R

D

I

0 R

5


9 The diagram represents straight wavefronts passing across a boundary from deep water into shallow water, with a change in speed and direction.

Which wave property does this diagram illustrate?

A diffraction

B interference

C reflection

D refraction


10 Which of the following quantities is shown with the correct unit?

A current and C s

B potential difference and eV

C power and J s

D



Deep water

Shallow water

Boundary

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B 1 2 A 1 3 C 1 4 D 1 5 C 1 6 B 1 7 A 1 8 D 1 9 D 1 10 D 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

11 Indication that 500 W is 15% of incident radiation / Apply 15% efficiency to incident flux of 210 W m-2 (i.e. find useful input) Use of radiation flux is power per unit area Answer = 16 m2

[2.38 m2 is the answer without applying 15% 1 mark] Example of calculation Input power = (500 × 100)/15 = 3300 W Area = input power/radiation flux = 3300 W / 210 W m-2 = 16 m2 OR (15/100) x 210 W m-2 = 31.5 W m-2 Area = 500 W / 31.5 W m-2 = 16 m2

(1)

(1) (1)

3


2

*P39854A0228*

SECTION A




1 The resistance of a negative temperature coefficient thermistor

A becomes zero above a certain temperature.

B decreases as the temperature decreases.

C increases as the temperature decreases.

D is constant at temperatures below 0 °C.


2 Compared to ultraviolet radiation, gamma radiation has

A a higher frequency and a longer wavelength.

B a higher frequency and a shorter wavelength.

C a lower frequency and a longer wavelength.

D a lower frequency and a shorter wavelength.


3


3 A ray of light is incident on a thin film of oil on water. Some of the light is reflected at X and some at Y.

The two reflected rays will be 180° out of phase if the path difference is

A an odd number of wavelengths.

B an even number of wavelengths.

C an odd number of half wavelengths.

D an even number of half wavelengths.


airX

Yoil

water

4

*P39854A0428*

4 The graphs show the variation of potential difference V with the current I for three components.

The three components are a metal wire at constant temperature, a filament lamp and a diode.

Which row of the table correctly identifies these graphs?

Metal wire at constant temperature Filament lamp Diode

A L M N

B L N M

C N M L

D N L M


V

LI0

V

MI0

V

NI0

5


5 The graphs show possible variations of power P with potential difference V.

Which graph is correct for a resistor that obeys Ohm’s law?

A

B

C

D


6 Which combination of resistors has the smallest total resistance?

A

B

C

D


P

AV0

P

BV0

P

CV0

P

DV0

A

C

B

D

6

*P39854A0628*

Use the following diagram to answer Questions 7 and 8

The diagram represents a longitudinal wave moving to the right through a uniform medium.

Points W, X, Y and Z represent the positions of particles of the medium.

7 The motion of the particle at W is represented by

A

B

C

D


8 The wavelength of the wave shown is the distance between points

A W and Y.

B W and Z.

C X and Y.

D Y and Z.


A B C D

Direction of wave travel

W X Y Z

7


9 Two wires of the same material are connected in series with a potential difference across them. Wire A has twice the cross-sectional area of wire B.

The ratio drift speed of electrons in Adrift speed of electrons in B

equals

A ¼

B ½

C 2

D 4

(Total for Question 9 =1 mark)

10 A student investigates how the resistance of a filament lamp varies during the first second after it is switched on.

He decides to use a computer with data logging sensors to take the readings. The best reason for this is that

A a large number of readings can be taken.

B the computer can calculate the resistance.

C there is no human error.

D there is no zero error.



Question Number

Answer Mark

1 C 1 2 B 1 3 C 1 4 D 1 5 D 1 6 D 1 7 D 1 8 B 1 9 B 1 10 A 1

Answer Mark

11(a) Switch combination Total resistance of circuit

A open. B closed. R

A open. B open. 2R

A closed. B closed. R/2 or 0.5 R

A closed. B open. 2R/3 or 0.7 R Answers must be in simplest form, e.g. not R + R

(1)

(1)

(1)

3

11(b) Reference to P = V2/R OR P= VI and V=IR

(Accept energy equations.) (most power/energy) from the switch combination with the lowest resistance [Ignore the table when awarding these method marks.]

(1) (1)

2

11 (c) (Internal resistance will) reduce current Or reduce V Or increase total R

Or cause lost volts Or energy transferred to internal resistance less energy/power output (in all combinations)

(1) (1)

2


2

*P41628A0228*

SECTION A




1 An ampere can be expressed as

A C s–1

B J C–1

C V W–1

D


2 Which of the following summarises the change in wave characteristics when going from ultraviolet to infrared in the electromagnetic spectrum?

Frequency Speed (in a vacuum)

A decreases decreases

B decreases stays the same

C increases decreases

D increases stays the same


3


3 Electrical power is transferred in a motor as shown.

What is the efficiency of the motor?

A P PP

O L

I

+

B PP

I

O

C PP

L

I

D PP

O

I


Electrical power input

PI

Mechanical power output

PO

Power loss PL

MOTOR

4

*P41628A0428*

4 A ray of monochromatic light passes into a glass block as shown.

The refractive index of the glass for this light is

A 0.57

B 0.81

C 1.22

D 1.74


5 An electron is accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 5.0 kV.

The kinetic energy gained by the electron is

A 8.0 × 10–16 J

B 8.0 × 10–19 J

C 3.2 × 10–20 J

D 3.2 × 10–23 J


glass55°

5


6 A particular sound is investigated by connecting a microphone to an oscilloscope. The diagram shows the trace of a sound wave on the oscilloscope. The screen of the oscilloscope has a grid on it. On the x-axis 1 division represents 5 ms.

The frequency of the sound wave is

A 0.05 Hz

B 0.1 Hz

C 50 Hz

D 100 Hz


7 meet at a point, having travelled slightly different distances. The waves now have a phase difference of 180° ( radians).

Which of the following could be the path difference at this point?

A 4λ

B 2λ

C 34λ

D


6

*P41628A0628*

8 A combination of resistors is connected to a 12 V supply of negligible internal resistance.

The potential difference between points A and B is

A 4 V

B 6 V

C 8 V

D 12 V


9 Ultrasound is used to investigate the blood in an artery in a human body by detecting a Doppler shift. This Doppler shift is used to measure the

A diameter of the artery.

B size of the particles in the blood.

C temperature of the blood.

D velocity of the blood.


12 V

A B

7


10 The effect of diffraction is more noticeable, in everyday life, with sound than with light. This is because

A sound has a much longer wavelength than light.

B sound is a longitudinal wave, light is a transverse wave.

C sound is a mechanical wave, light is an electromagnetic wave.

D sound travels more slowly in air than light does.



Question Number

Answer Mark

1 A 1 2 B 1 3 D 1 4 D 1 5 A 1 6 C 1 7 B 1 8 C 1 9 D 1 10 A 1 Question Number

Answer Mark

11 Identifies (electron) diffraction (Electron) has wave properties/behaviour (Electron) has wavelength similar to atomic size/spacing (do not accept defraction for 1st mark)

(1) (1)

(1)

3


Answer Mark

12 (As temperature of thermistor increases) its resistance decreases (do not credit the converse) (Large) increase in: n Or electrons (per unit volume) Or charge carriers (per unit volume) Any One from (conditional on mark 2 and not awarded if there are contradictory statements about any of these quantities) (slight) decrease in v / velocity / drift velocity A and Q remain constant Reference to R = V/I

(1)

(1)

(1)


Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B 1 2 B 1 3 A 1 4 B 1 5 A 1 6 B 1 7 D 1 8 A 1 9 D 1 10 D 1 Question Number

Answer Mark

11 current same in series Or current is different if not in series to ensure the total resistance in the circuit isn’t increased Or to ensure no pd lost because that would reduce the current being measured [Just saying current changes or resistance changes is not sufficient for MP2 and 3. Candidates who only refer to what would happen if ammeter in parallel can only score MP1]

(1) (1) (1)

3


Answer Mark

12 Use of V = IR Use of lost volts = emf − terminal pd Or use of total resistance − 6.6Ω (quoting ε = I(R + r) or ε = V +Ir gets both marks) Internal resistance = 0.54 Ω (rounding and different methods all give 0.5 Ω to 1 sig. fig .) Example of calculation V = 0.21 A × 6.6 Ω = 1.39 V Ir = 1.5 V – 1.39 V = 0.11 V r = 0.11 V ÷ 0.21 A = 0.54 Ω

(1) (1) (1)

3


2

*P41634A0228*

SECTION A




1 Which of the following is a standing wave?

A light emitted as a line spectrum

B ripples on water from a stone thrown into a pond

C sound from an opera singer in a theatre

D vibrations on a violin string as it is played


2 An electric motor with potential difference V and current I lifts a mass m through a height h in time t at a steady speed v.

The efficiency of the motor is given by

A ½mvV It

2

B V Img

C V Itmv

D mghV It


exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

3


3 The diagram shows displacement-time graphs for two oscillations, X and Y.

Which of the following statements correctly describes their phase relationship?

A X and Y are in antiphase

B X and Y are in phase

C X is π/2 radians ahead of Y

D Y is π/2 radians ahead of X


displacement

time

X Y

exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

4

*P41634A0428*

4 The diagram shows a current I flowing through a sample of material of length l and cross-sectional area A.

The drift velocity of the free electrons is v.

If the area and length are both doubled, but the current remains the same, the drift velocity will be

A v / 4

B v / 2

C 2v

D 4v


5 The diagrams show the motions of a source of sound, S, and an observer, O.

Which line of the table correctly shows the effect this relative motion has on the frequency of the sound heard by the observer.

Motions of S and O Frequency

A increased

B decreased

C decreased

D increased


I

l

S

S

S

Sstationary

O

O

O

O

stationary

exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

5


6 The diagram shows five energy levels in an atom.

Electromagnetic radiation is incident on the atom.

Which transition would be caused by the absorption of the lowest frequency of radiation?

A 1 to 5

B 1 to 2

C 4 to 5

D 5 to 4


7 Light is shone perpendicularly onto a photovoltaic cell of area 0.01 m2. In 60 seconds, the total energy falling on the cell is 3 J.

The radiation flux is

A 18 000 W m–2

B 5 W m–2

C 1.8 W m–2

D 0.0005 W m–2


2

3

54

1

exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

6

*P41634A0628*

8 The diagram shows a ray of light incident upon the surface of a glass block.

Which line could correctly show the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction?

Angle of incidence Angle of refraction

A 33° 21°

B 33° 55°

C 57° 34°

D 57° 38°


9 A current of 0.2 A flows through a lamp for 3 hours.

The total charge passing through the lamp in this time is

A 2160 C

B 600 C

C 36 C

D 0.6 C


glass

57°

air

exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

7


10 The diagram shows a ray of white light striking a thin layer of oil on water. Light reflects from the upper and lower surfaces of the oil, so that two rays reach the eye of an observer. With the eye in different positions the observer sees different colours from the oil.

Which of the following phenomena is not involved in the production of the colours seen?

A polarisation

B reflection

C refraction

D superposition



Air

Oil

Water

exem

plar

exem

plar

DRAFT

DRAFT

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B 1 2 C 1 3 B 14 D 1 5 D 1 6 C 1 7 C 1 8 D 1 9 A 1 10 B 1 Question Number

Answer Mark

11(a) Lowest / minimum frequency (of light / photons incident on a metal) that will cause electrons to be emitted (from surface) Or the frequency of (light / photons) that will cause electrons to be emitted (from the surface of a metal) with zero kinetic energy (accept only just emitted)

(1)

1

11(b) Conversion of eV to J Use of E= hf f = 5.5 ×1014 Hz Example of calculation φ = (2.28 eV × 1.6 ×10−19 C) = 3.65 ×10−19 J f = 3.65 ×10−19 J / 6.63 ×10−34 J s = 5.50 ×1014 Hz

(1) (1) (1)

3

Total for Question 11 4 Question Number

Answer Mark

12(a) To be able to distinguish which reflection comes from which emission Or so one pulse returns before the next one is emitted

(1)

1

12(b) Use of v = s/t Correct use of factor of 2 (double distance or double time) Pulse duration = 2.4 × 10-3 s (0.0024 s, 2.4 ms) Example of calculation Time = 2 × 0.4 m ÷ 330 m s-1 Pulse duration = 2.4 × 10-3 s

(1) (1) (1)

3

12(c) (Ultrasound) reflected away from the sensor Or (Ultrasound) reflected towards the floor

(1)

1

Total for Question 12 5

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B 2 B 3 D 4 C 5 B 6 C 7 B 8 B 9 A 10 C Question Number

Answer Mark

11(a) Current (through a conductor) is (directly) proportional to the potential difference/voltage (across it) providing the temperature of conductor remains constant OR external conditions remain constant.

1 1

(b) Ohmic conductor; fixed resitor horizontal straight line

Filament lamp; graph showing increasing resistance (straight line or curve) from a non zero resistance start (conditional on 2nd mark)

1 1 1

(c) Filament lamps work at high temperatures OR as temp of lamp increases OR as lamp heats up. Resistance of conductor changes OR the ions vibrate more.

1 1

Total for question 7 Question Number

Answer Mark

12(a) Unpolarised light oscillates/vibrates in many planes/ directions while polarised oscillates/vibrates in one plane/direction only OR labelled diagram

1

(b) Filters at 90 o to the (polarised) reflected light.

sunglasses cut out the reflected light/polarise light/glare But not the light from the fish OR light from fish is unpolarised.

1 1 1

(c) Sound is a longitudinal wave OR sound is not a transverse wave OR

oscillations in one direction already OR only transverse waves can be polarised.

1

Total for question 5

2

*P43270A0228*

SECTION A




1 The wave and particle models of light have both contributed to our understanding of light.

Which row of the table correctly matches properties of light to the model that best explains them?

Wave model Particle model

A photoelectric effect refraction

B diffraction atomic line spectra

C atomic line spectra photoelectric effect

D refraction diffraction


2 A glass tube, closed at one end, has a loudspeaker placed at the other end. This is used to create a vibrating column of air, producing sound.

The wave in the tube is best described as

A longitudinal and progressive.

B longitudinal and standing.

C transverse and progressive.

D transverse and standing.


3


3 The current through a wire of cross-sectional area A is I when the drift velocity of the electrons in the wire is v and the charge carrier density is n.

The wire is replaced with a wire of a different metal with half the charge carrier density but the same cross-sectional area A.

If the current in the new wire is 2I, the drift velocity is

A v/2

B v

C 2v

D 4v


4 Which of the following current-potential difference (I-V) graphs correctly shows the behaviour of a diode?

A

B

C

D


A

I

VB

I

V

C

I

VD

I

V

4

*P43270A0428*

5 The diagram shows a combination of three identical resistors.

What is the combined resistance between P and Q?

A

B

C

D


6 Which of the following is a correct unit for resistance?

A J C–1

B V C–1 s–1

C J C–2 s

D J C–2 s–1


7 Which of the following does not apply to longitudinal waves?

A coherence

B polarisation

C superposition

D transmission


P Q

5


8 Waves from a point light source follow separate paths and recombine at a point after travelling different distances.

When the waves recombine the path difference is /2. The corresponding phase difference is

A 360°

B /2 radians

C 180°

D 2 radians


9 A copper wire of length 2.5 m and cross-sectional area 2.4 × 10 m2 has a resistivity

What is the resistance of the wire?

A 1.6 × 10

B 1.0 × 10

C

D


10 The diagram shows a resistor of resistance R across a cell of e.m.f. and internal resistance r.

Which of the following is a correct expression for the current I ?

A I = / r

B I = / R

C I = / (R + r)

D I = / (R r)(Total for Question 10 = 1 mark)


R

I

r

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B 1 2 B 1 3 D 1 4 C 1 5 B 1 6 C 1 7 B 1 8 C 1 9 C 1 10 C 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

11 I3 = I2+ I1 (possible reference to (Q/t)1 etc accepted) Charge is conserved Or Conservation of charge Or charge into point = charge out of point Or no charge lost Correct reference to same time (e.g. same charge etc in same time Or (Q/t)3 = (Q/t)1 + (Q/t)2 etc)

(1)

(1)

(1)

3


Question Number

Answer Mark

12(a) Use of distance = speed x time Time = 1.7 x 10−8 s Example of calculation t = s÷v = 5.0 m ÷ 3.0 × 108 m s−1 Time = 1.67 x 10−8 s

(1) (1)

2

12(b) Pulses, so the reflected signal is received before next one is sent Or otherwise there wouldn’t be a way of telling which bit of reflected IR originated with which bit of emitted IR Or so that reflected pulses can be distinguished from each other

(1)

1

12(c) Accept any sensible reason, Examples: could interfere with what is being looked at light from the background could interfere with the signal

(1)

1


2

*N34507A0216*

SECTION A


For questions 1–4, in Section A, select one answer from A to D and put a cross in the box .If you change your mind put a line through the box and then


1 In an experiment to measure the internal resistance of a battery a graph similar to the one below was drawn.

Which of the following quantities is the internal resistance of the battery?

A intercept with the current axis

B intercept with the potential difference axis

C negative of the gradient

D area under the graph


Potential difference/V

109876543210

0 1 2 3 4 5Current /A

3


2 In an experiment to measure the viscosity of motor oil a ball bearing is dropped into a long measuring cylinder full of the oil. The student needs to time how long the ball bearing takes to fall a set distance.

Which of the following would improve the accuracy of the measurements?

1 repeating the readings and calculating an average 2 ensuring that readings are taken at eye level 3 using a measuring cylinder with a smaller cross-sectional area

A 1 only

B 1 and 2 only

C 2 and 3 only

D 1, 2 and 3


4

*N34507A0416*

3 In an experiment to measure the acceleration of free fall, g, a table tennis ball is dropped from a measured height. The time it takes to reach the ground is measured using a stop watch. The experiment is repeated.

(a) The measured times are:

0.95 s, 0.96 s, 0.99 s

Which of the following should be stated as the average result?(1)

A 0.96 s

B 0.966 s

C 0.967 s

D 0.97 s

(b) Which of the following equations could be used directly to calculate g?(1)

A v = u + at

B v2 = u2 + 2as

C s u v t= +12

( )

D s ut at= + 12

2

(Total for Question 3 = 2 marks)

5


4 An experiment involves measuring the potential difference across a diode when it just begins to conduct.

Which of the following circuits would allow this measurement to be made?

A

B

C

D



A

A

V

D

A

V

C

A

V

B

A

V

3


SECTION A




1 The diagram shows the scale on a microammeter.(1)

Which of the following is the correct reading?

A 28 × 10–6 A

B 28 × 10–3 A

C 36 × 10–6 A

D 36 × 10–3 A


l llllllll

ll llllllllll llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll–2

0

0 100

80604020

MICROAMPERES

4

*N35082A0416*

2 In an experiment to measure viscosity of oil, ball bearings are dropped into a long measuring cylinder full of oil.

(a) For one ball bearing, three measurements of its ball diameter are:

2.55 mm, 2.56 mm, 2.59 mm

Which of the following should be stated as the average result?(1)

A 2.56 mm

B 2.566 mm

C 2.567 mm

D 2.57 mm

(b) Which of the following should be used to measure the diameter of the ball bearings?(1)

A metre rule

B micrometer

C scale on the measuring cylinder

D tape measure

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

Oil

Ball bearing falling

ml

Rubber bands

5


(c) Which of the following would minimise parallax error when timing the ball bearing as it falls through a fixed distance in the oil?

(1)

A Ensure that the observer is at eye level with the ball bearing.

B Use a metre rule rather than the scale on the measuring cylinder.

C Use two parallel rubber bands around the measuring cylinder to indicate the fixed distance.

D Start and stop the clock as the middle of the ball bearing passes through the start and finish points.


6

*N35082A0616*

3 In an experiment to measure the e.m.f. of a battery, a graph similar to the one below was drawn.

Which of the following gives the e.m.f. of the battery?

A area under the graph

B gradient

C intercept with the current axis

D intercept with the potential difference axis



5

109876543210

0 1 2 3 4Current /A

Potential difference/V

Use of L × W × H Substitution into density equation with a volume and density Correct answer [49.4 (N)] to at least 3 sig fig. [No ue] [Allow 50.4(N) for answer if 10 N/kg used for g.] [If 5040 g rounded to 5000 g or 5 kg, do not give 3rd mark; if conversion to kg is omitted and then answer fudged, do not give 3rd mark] [Bald answer scores 0, reverse calculation 2/3] Example of answer:

80 cm × 50 cm × 1.8 cm = 7200 cm3

7200 cm3 × 0.70 g cm-3 = 5040 g 5040 × 10-3 kg × 9.81 N/kg = 49.4 N

3

5. Quality of Written Communication

5.1 Indicated by QoWC in mark scheme, placed as first mark. 5.2 Usually it is part of a max mark.

6. Graphs

6.1 A mark given for axes requires both axes to be labelled with quantities and units, and drawn the correct way round.

6.2 Sometimes a separate mark will be given for units or for each axis if the units are complex. This will be indicated on the mark scheme.

6.3 A mark given for choosing a scale requires that the chosen scale allows all points to be plotted, spreads plotted points over more than half of each axis and is not an awkward scale e.g. multiples of 3, 7 etc.

6.4 Points should be plotted to within 1 mm. • Check the two points furthest from the best line. If both OK award mark. • If either is 2 mm out do not award mark. • If both are 1 mm out do not award mark. • If either is 1 mm out then check another two and award mark if both of these OK, otherwise no mark.

6.5 For a line mark there must be a thin continuous line which is the best-fit line for the candidate’s results. Qu ties on Nu emb r

Answ er Mark

1. C 1 2 ( D a) 1 (b) B 1 (c) A 1 3. D 1 Total 5

• Question • Answer • Mark

2

*N34433A0216*

SECTION A




1 The picture below shows a multimeter similar to those used in many school laboratories.

100 ΩA

D

B

C

10 Ω3 V

3


(a) Which one of the following would be the best setting if you were asked to use the instrument to measure the current in the 100 Ω resistor in the circuit opposite?

(1)

A 2000 μ

B 20 m

C 200 m

D 10 A

(b) Places at which meters could be used in the circuit are shown by the letters A to D. Which letter shows the position for the meter when it is used to measure the potential difference for the 100 Ω resistor?

(1)

A

B

C

D


4

*N34433A0416*

2 A student is investigating the variation in the intensity of light with distance by changing the distance from a lamp which is used as a point source. She uses a light dependent resistor (LDR) connected to an ohmmeter as a light detector.

(a) Which one of the following is the measured independent variable?(1)

A distance

B light intensity

C power of the lamp

D resistance of the LDR

(b) Which one of the following is the measured dependent variable?(1)

A distance

B light intensity

C power of the lamp

D resistance of the LDR


5


3 To determine the Young Modulus of a material from which a wire is made, which one of the following would not be needed?

A density

B diameter

C force applied

D length



6PH07_01 1006

Question Number

Answer Mark

1(a) C

(1)

(b) B

(1)

Total marks for question 1 2

Question Number

Answer Mark

2(a)

A (1)

(b) D (1)


Question Number

Answer Mark

3(a) A (1)


2

*N37699A0216*

SECTION A




The picture below shows a multimeter similar to those used in many school laboratories.

P

R

V

S3 V

Q

3


Use the diagrams on page 2 for questions 1 and 2.

1 The multimeter is used to measure the potential difference across the 100 resistor in the circuit.

Which one of the following would be the best setting to use?

A 200 V

B 20 V

C 200 mV

D 2000 mV


2 An ammeter is used to measure the current in the 100 resistor. Which one of the letters P, Q, R or S on the circuit diagram shows the best position for the ammeter?

A P

B Q

C R

D S


4

*N37699A0416*

Use the information below to answer questions 3 and 4.

A student is investigating the variation in the emf generated by a solar cell with light intensity. She varies the distance between the solar cell and a lamp.

3 Which one of the following is the independent variable?

A distance

B emf

C light intensity

D power of the lamp


4 Which one of the following is the measured dependent variable?

A distance

B emf

C light intensity

D power of the lamp


5 A student takes the following three measurements of the diameter in mm of a ball bearing.

4.21, 4.20, 4.21

Which one of the following should be stated as the average result?

A 4.2 mm

B 4.20 mm

C 4.207 mm

D 4.21 mm




Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B 1 2 D 1 3 A 1 4 B 1 5 D 1 Question Number

Answer Mark

6 1 mark for each appropriate idea explained. Do not credit converse for a second mark: see table for examples. Do not penalise incorrect comments. 1 mark for each correct row to a maximum of 4

Idea Datalogger/light gates Stopwatch Mark

Comparison of errors

Advantage – fewer errors or

Disadvantage – more errors e.g. random,

systematic or parallax (not just human error)

1

Reaction time

No need to account for

reaction time or Disadvantage – effect of

reaction time 1

Precision e.g. readings to

nearest millisecond

or e.g. insufficient

precision for shortest times

1

Power supply

Disadvantage – power supply (or

electricity) needed.

or Advantage – no power supply required 1

Complexity

Needs ‘training’ setting up, alignment

issues, time needed to set up

or Simple to operate or to set up 1

Graph

Advantage – any graph could be

drawn automatically

or Any graph would have to be drawn manually 1

Availability, cost or

transport

Not easily available Expensive Not easily

transportable

or Readily available

Cheaper Easily transportable

1

Max 4


2

*P38418A0216*

SECTION A




A table tennis ball is dropped from a known height. It hits the ground and the height to which it rebounds is measured. The experiment is repeated.

Use the stem above for questions 1 and 2.

1 From this experiment which of the following equations could be used to calculate the velocity v just before the ball hits the ground?

A v = u + at

B v2 = u2 + 2as

C s = ½(u + v)t

D s = ut + ½at2


2 Three measurements of the height of rebound are:

0.85 m, 0.86 m, 0.89 m

Which of the following should be stated as the mean height?

A 0.86 m

B 0.866 m

C 0.867 m

D 0.87 m


3


3 A group of students are investigating a new material. They have drawn the graph shown below.

Which of the following quantities could they find directly by calculating the area under the graph?

A energy stored

B energy stored per unit volume

C ultimate stress

D Young modulus


4 The equation R = is to be used to determine the resistivity of the material of a wire.

Which of the following would not be needed?

A density

B diameter

C length

D resistance


5 Which of the following is the correct unit for resistivity ?

A

B

C –1

D –2



Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B 1 2 D 1 3 B 1 4 A 1 5 B 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

6 (a) Any TWO from Inconsistent precision for extension (Accept reference to sig figs/ dec pl.) Comment on lack of precision of mass Missing unit for force No evidence of repeat readings

(1) (1) (1) (1)

2

6(b) Best fit straight line through origin Force (directly) proportional to extension OR Best fit straight line not through origin Linear relationship/systematic error OR Best fit straight line, curving at end Force (directly) proportional to extension up to approx 7 N

(1) (1)

(1) (1)

(1) (1)

2

6(c) Large triangle over half data points k = (0.86 - 1.02) x 103 Nm-1 (ignore unit and power of ten) correct value and unit ( 1 or 2 dec pl in standard form OR 3 sig fig max) Allow ecf from candidate’s line e.g. for line not through origin.

(1) (1) (1)

3

6(d) Diameter Micrometer (screw gauge) OR digital (vernier) callipers (Original) length of wire metre rule OR measuring tape

(1) (1) (1) (1)

4


2

*P39851A0216*

SECTION A




1 A student is trying to determine his reaction time. He takes the following readings:

0.20 s, 0.18 s, 0.19 s, 0.08 s

Which of the following is the best mean value of his reaction time stated with a suitable uncertainty?

A 0.19 ± 0.06 s

B 0.19 ± 0.01 s

C 0.16 ± 0.06 s

D 0.16 ± 0.01 s


2 Which of the following is the SI unit for resistivity?

A

B

C –1 m

D –1


3 An experiment to determine the acceleration due to gravity uses a free-falling ball. Which of the following measurements would not be needed?

A initial velocity

B final velocity

C mass of the ball

D time taken


3


Questions 4 and 5 refer to the circuit below.

The variable resistor is used to change the current. A graph is drawn with potential difference on the y-axis and current on the x-axis.

4 Which of the following would give the emf of the cell?


B gradient of the graph

C intercept on the x-axis

D intercept on the y-axis


5 Which of the following would give the magnitude of the internal resistance of the cell?







V A

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B 1 2 B 1 3 C 1 4 D 1 5 B 1

Question Number

Answer The question must be marked holistically within the context of the candidate’s experimental method.

Mark

6 1 mark for each appropriate idea explained. Do not credit converse for a second mark: see table for examples. Do not penalise incorrect comments. 1 mark for each correct row to a maximum of 5

Idea Analogue Digital Mark Equipment /cost

two meters needed / may be more expensive

Or only one meter needed / may be cheaper option

1

Ease of reading

two readings must be taken

Or one reading only / fluctuates

1

Parallax needs to be considered Or digital display / no parallax error

1

Systematic errors

zero errors contact resistance

Or zero error contact resistance

1

Scales fixed/ requires interpolation

Or variable/can be changed / numeric reading

1

Sensitivity limited by size of scale divisions

Or two decimal places 1

Setting up requires both series and parallel connections / additional apparatus

Or only requires series connection / must set

function switch / use correct terminals

1

Heating effect of current

heating may change resistance of wire

Or unlikely to be much heating effect

1

Power supply meters do not require individual batteries / but

circuit needs a power supply

Or internal battery required 1

Uncertainties greater since two readings

Or smaller since only one reading

1

Data needs calculation from two readings

Or no calculation required/direct reading

1

Graphical method

possible Or less simple for a fixed wire 1

5


2

*P39857A0216*

SECTION A




1 A student is measuring the diameter of a piece of wire with a micrometer. Her readings are

0.27 mm, 0.29 mm, 0.26 mm, 0.42 mm, 0.26 mm.

Which of the following is the best mean value for the diameter of the wire, stated with a suitable uncertainty?

A 0.30 ± 0.08 mm

B 0.27 ± 0.08 mm

C 0.27 ± 0.02 mm

D 0.267 ± 0.015 mm


2 Which of the following is a unit for viscosity?

A N m s–2

B N m–2 s–1

C N m–1 s–1

D N m–2 s


3


3 A student is asked to do an experiment to find the acceleration due to gravity using a simple pendulum. He is told to vary the length l and determine the time T for one oscillation.

He is given the equation 2 lT πg

= and told to draw a suitable graph.

Which of the following would give a straight line graph?

y-axis x-axis

A T l

B T 2 1/l

C T l

D T 2 l


4

*P39857A0416*

Questions 4 and 5 refer to the graph below.

4 Which of the following would give the distance travelled?






5 Which of the following would give the acceleration?







Velocity

Time

For a line mark there must be a thin continuous line which is the best-fit line for the candidate’s results.

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 C 1 2 D 1 3 D 1 4 A 1 5 B 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

6 6(a) 6(b)

1 mark for each appropriate idea explained. See table for examples. Do not penalise incorrect comments. 1 mark for each correct row to a maximum of 2 for (a) and 3 for (b) Repeat readings Max 2 Identify anomalies OR identify wrong readings (1) Allows an average to be taken (1) Reduces random error OR reduces uncertainty (1) [ignore references to error or systematic error or human error] (1) Graph Max 3 Allows trend/relationship to be identified OR allows equation to be derived (1) Anomalous readings can be identified (1) Systematic errors can be detected (1) Line of best fit ‘averages’ results (1) Allows interpolation/extrapolation (1) Allows intercept/gradient/area to be determined (1)

2

3


2

*P41633A0216*

SECTION A




1 Which of the following is the SI derived unit for frequency?

A m

B Hz

C s

D Pa


2 A graph is plotted with velocity on the y-axis and time on the x-axis. Which of the following would represent the distance travelled?



C intercept with the y-axis

D intercept with the x-axis


3 In an experiment to measure the breaking stress of a wire, the diameter of the wire is measured with a micrometer.

Which of the following procedures would not be good practice?

A checking for zero errors

B repeating the reading three times

C rotating the micrometer between readings

D using a second piece of the wire to check the diameter


3


4 The diameter of a ball bearing is measured four times. The measurements are 0.27 mm, 0.29 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.26 mm.

How should the average value be stated?

A 0.2675 mm

B 0.268 mm

C 0.27 mm

D 0.3 mm


5 The graph shows how extension varies with applied force for a spring.

Which of the following is the energy stored in the spring, in joules, when it is extended by 6 cm?

A 54 J

B 27 J

C 0.54 J

D 0.27 J



6 –

5 –

4 –

3 –

2 –

1 –

0 –0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Applied force/N

Extension/cm

2

*P41637A0216*

SECTION A




1 Which of the following is the correct unit for resistivity?

A

B

C –1

D –2


2

!"

# $ %

A &!'()*+(

B & ') *+(

C &!'()*–4

D & ') *–4


3 ,$

- not$%

A

B initial velocity

C $

D .


3


4 , / 0

What is the frequency of the wave?

A #0

B 3#0

C 3#0

D #0


4

*P41637A0416*

5 5 $$ $.

, 6 1 2sinsin

= iμr

- $ into the equation?

A x y

B x z

C wy

D wz



wx

yz

Question Number

Answer Mark

1 B

1

Question Number

Answer Mark

2 D 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

3 C 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

4 B 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

5 C 1

Question Number

Answer Mark

6 Student A Micrometer can measure to 0.01 mm Or 0.001 mm (1) This gives uncertainty of 0.01 / 20 (0.05%) Or 0.001/20 (0.005%) (1) Student B The idea that uncertainty is 1 mm in 200 mm (0.5%) (1) [allow ecf in calculation for marks 2 and 3] Any one from Measuring 10 gives average for all coins Or measuring one coin several times across different diameters gives an average (1) One coin may be abnormal Or all coins may not be identical (1) [Do not allow comments about cost, complexity, parallax, zero error or skill]


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