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The overheads (in PowerPoint) are available on the web at:
http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/talks/ppt/
France 010608.ppt
Slides on web
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Ninth Foresight Conferenceon Molecular Nanotechnology
November 9-11, 2001Santa Clara, CaliforniaIntroductory tutorial November 8
www.foresight.org/Conferences/MNT9/
Foresight
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President Clinton, 2000
“Imagine the possibilities: materials with ten times the strength of steel and only a small fraction of the weight -- shrinking all the information housed at the Library of Congress into a device the size of a sugar cube -- detecting cancerous tumors when they are only a few cells in size.”
The National Nanotechnology Initiative
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Core molecularmanufacturingcapabilities
Today ProductsProducts
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Overview
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Property Diamond’s value Comments
Chemical reactivity Extremely lowHardness (kg/mm2) 9000 CBN: 4500 SiC: 4000Thermal conductivity (W/cm-K) 20 Ag: 4.3 Cu: 4.0Tensile strength (pascals) 3.5 x 109 (natural) 1011 (theoretical)Compressive strength (pascals) 1011 (natural) 5 x 1011 (theoretical)Band gap (ev) 5.5 Si: 1.1 GaAs: 1.4Resistivity (W-cm) 1016 (natural)Density (gm/cm3) 3.51Thermal Expansion Coeff (K-1) 0.8 x 10-6 SiO2: 0.5 x 10-6
Refractive index 2.41 @ 590 nm Glass: 1.4 - 1.8Coeff. of Friction 0.05 (dry) Teflon: 0.05
Source: Crystallume
Diamond physical properties
What to make
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The Von Neumann architecture
UniversalComputer
UniversalConstructor
http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/vonNeumann.html
Self replication
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http://www.foresight.org/UTF/Unbound_LBW/chapt_6.html
Drexler’s proposal for an assembler
Self replication
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• Von Neumann's constructor 500,000
• Mycoplasma genitalia 1,160,140
• Drexler's assembler 100,000,000
Complexity (bits)
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• We’ll have more computing power in the volume of a sugar cube than the sum total of all the computer power that exists in the world today
• More than 1021 bits in the same volume• Almost a billion Pentiums in parallel
Powerful Computers
Impact
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• Disease and ill health are caused largely by damage at the molecular and cellular level
• Today’s surgical tools are huge and imprecise in comparison
Impact
Nanomedicine
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• In the future, we will have fleets of surgical tools that are molecular both in size and precision.
• We will also have computers much smaller than a single cell to guide those tools.
Impact
Nanomedicine
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“Typical” mitochondrion~1-2 by 0.1-0.5 microns
Size of a robotic arm~100 nanometers
Scale
8-bit computer
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“Typical” cell: ~20 microns
MitochondrionSize of a robotic
arm ~100 nanometers
Scale
8-bit computer
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“Thus, like so much else in medicine, cryonics, once considered on the outer edge, is moving rapidly closer to reality”
ABC News World News Tonight, Feb 8th
“…[medical] advances are giving new credibility to cryonics.”
KRON 4 News, NightBeat, May 3, 2001
Perception
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• By Robert Freitas, Zyvex Research Scientist
• Surveys medical applications of nanotechnology
• Volume I (of three) published in 1999
Theory
Nanomedicine
http://www.foresight.org/Nanomedicine
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Restoring the environmentwith nanotechnology
• Low cost greenhouse agriculture• Low cost solar power• Pollution free manufacturing
The Vision
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Nanotechnology offers ... possibilities for health, wealth, and capabilities beyond most past imaginings.
K. Eric Drexler