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2 piece of Eight = 1 British Pound3 French Francs = 1 British Pound Candy = 3 British Pounds4 Canadian Dollars = 1 British Pound
= 1 British Pound
= 1 Canadian Dollar
= 1 Spanish piece of eight
= 1 French Franc
Chap 2.3 Articles of ConfederationEstablished “a firm league of friendship” among the States.Proposed - 1776; Ratified by all 13 States - 1781
Allowed States to Keep:
SovereigntyFreedomIndependenceAll Powers not
granted to National Government
National Government to take care of
Common DefenseSecure LibertiesProvide for the
General Welfare
Structure of The Articles of Confederation
Legislature - Unicameral Congress (1 body)Each state had only 1 voteNo Executive Branch
– Duties handled by Congress
No Judicial Branch– Duties handled by Congress
Critical Period – 1780’sCentral Government cannot act – “Firm League of
Friendship” has no “teeth” to enforce anything
Weaknesses of The Articles of Confederation
Economic No Power to Tax –
only borrow and beg No Uniform
Currency No Power to Regulate
Commerce Interstate Foreign
Political Only 1 Vote per State
Regardless of size No Executive to
enforce Acts of Congress
No Federal Court System (Judiciary)
Amendment only with approval of all 13 States (unanimous)
Consequences of the Weaknesses Fighting Among States
Taxing other State’s TradeBanning other State’s Trade
States Not Supporting New Central GovernmentEconomic Chaos
Public and Private Debts Not Paid
Catalyst of Revision of the Articles Shay’s Rebellion
Massachusetts farmers revolting to keep courts from foreclosing on farms
Chap 2.4 Creating the ConstitutionMet in Philadelphia May 25, 1787George Washington Elected president of the convention
Worked in SecretFramers new generation of American politics
Changing DirectionOriginal goal improve the Articles of ConfederationMay 30, 5 days after starting, adopted resolution to create a new government.
Compromise Needed to Create the Constitution
Compromise important part of government
13 States very different in geography and economic situations
Wide differences of opinion among delegates, but
Delegates agreed on basic fundamental issuesNeed of new national government, federal in
natureConcepts of Popular Sovereignty, Limited
Government, Separation of Powers, Checks and Balances