International International DesalinationDesalination

By: TylerBy: Tyler

International School of Monterey, International School of Monterey,

Seaside, CASeaside, CA

April 2013April 2013

Guiding QuestionsGuiding Questions

• What is Desalination?What is Desalination?

• Where is it used in the world?Where is it used in the world?

• How do other countries use How do other countries use desalination?desalination?

• What are the benefits/enviromental What are the benefits/enviromental Impacts?Impacts?

• How can we take what other countries How can we take what other countries are doing and apply it in America?are doing and apply it in America?

What is Desalination?What is Desalination?• Desalination is a method of removing salt, Desalination is a method of removing salt,

saline and minerals from unpurified water saline and minerals from unpurified water to become drinking water.to become drinking water.

Methods of DesalinationMethods of Desalination

There are three main methods of There are three main methods of Desalination Desalination

1.1. Reverse Osmosis (RO).Reverse Osmosis (RO).

2.2. Vacuum distillation.Vacuum distillation.

3. Multi-stage flash distillation. 3. Multi-stage flash distillation.

The method that is used most The method that is used most frequently is RO.frequently is RO.

Reverse OsmosisReverse Osmosis

Vacuum DistillationVacuum Distillation

• The process The process of boiling H2O of boiling H2O to a point of to a point of purification.purification.

Multi-stage flash Multi-stage flash distillationdistillation

What are the ByproductsWhat are the Byproducts??

There are three main byproducts There are three main byproducts of Desalination of Desalination

• Salt Salt

• Brine Brine

• Minerals and Heavy Metals.Minerals and Heavy Metals.

Worldwide Desalination Plants

Plants with Large Plants with Large CapacityCapacity

Worlds Most Significant Worlds Most Significant DesalinatorsDesalinators• Israel – largest seawater Reverse Israel – largest seawater Reverse

Osmosis Plant in the world.Osmosis Plant in the world.

• Spain - has the largest Desalination Spain - has the largest Desalination capacity in the western world.capacity in the western world.

• United Arab Emirates – has the worlds United Arab Emirates – has the worlds largest Desalination plant in the worldlargest Desalination plant in the world..

Jebel Ali, Jebel Ali, United Arab EmiratesUnited Arab Emirates

On April 8, 2013 the largest On April 8, 2013 the largest Desalination Power plant opened in Desalination Power plant opened in the United Arab Emiratesthe United Arab Emirates

• Largest Desalination plant in the Largest Desalination plant in the world. world.

• Method: Multi- Stage Flash Distillation.Method: Multi- Stage Flash Distillation.

Jebel Ali,Jebel Ali,United Arab EmiratesUnited Arab Emirates

•The plant is The plant is located near a located near a large body of large body of water, Persian water, Persian

Gulf.Gulf.

Jebel Ali, Jebel Ali, United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates (con’t)(con’t)

• Produces 300 million cubic meters of Produces 300 million cubic meters of water per year.water per year.

• It produce energy and is a It produce energy and is a desalination facility.desalination facility.

Special Feature: Produces energy Special Feature: Produces energy that aids in the desalination processthat aids in the desalination process

How do other How do other countries use countries use Desalination ?Desalination ?• Household UsesHousehold Uses

• Drinking & Bathing Drinking & Bathing

• AgricultureAgriculture

• ManufacturingManufacturing

• Medical & Firefighting Medical & Firefighting

What are the What are the benefits ?benefits ? There are many benefits to desalination There are many benefits to desalination

• It can produce large amounts of water in areas It can produce large amounts of water in areas where freshwater is limited.where freshwater is limited.

• Recreational uses in arid areas.Recreational uses in arid areas.

• Clean water improves food production.Clean water improves food production.

• Clean Water reduces the spread of diseases.Clean Water reduces the spread of diseases.

Environmental ImpactsEnvironmental Impacts

• Uses High energy/some burns fossil fuels.Uses High energy/some burns fossil fuels.

• Intake pipes suck in fish and sealife.Intake pipes suck in fish and sealife.

• Outflow is brine – high content of salts, Outflow is brine – high content of salts, acids, etc.acids, etc.

• Heavy metals are passed to humans Heavy metals are passed to humans through seafood.through seafood.

How can we use what How can we use what other countries are other countries are doing and apply it in doing and apply it in America?America?

Uses in America ~Uses in America ~

1.1. We could use it as an We could use it as an alternate water source to alternate water source to using freshwater from our using freshwater from our aquifers.aquifers.

2.2. Solar Powered Solar Powered Desalination – Would be Desalination – Would be less of an impact to the less of an impact to the atmosphere by not atmosphere by not releasing harmful gases.releasing harmful gases.

3.3. Build Desalination in high Build Desalination in high populated areas.populated areas.

Benefits ~Benefits ~

• Wildlife, Recreational Wildlife, Recreational uses,uses,

• Air Quality would Air Quality would improveimprove

• Provide drinking water Provide drinking water in high populated in high populated areasareas

Bibliography/ReferencesBibliography/References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/desalinationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/desalinationhttp://www.gizmag.com/sea-kettle-life-raft-http://www.gizmag.com/sea-kettle-life-raft-

makes-sea-water-drinkable/15903/makes-sea-water-drinkable/15903/http://www.gizmag.com/mit-solar-powered-http://www.gizmag.com/mit-solar-powered-

portable-desalination=system/16757/portable-desalination=system/16757/picture/123...picture/123...

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-08/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-08/u-a-e-s-largest-power-water-desalination-u-a-e-s-largest-power-water-desalination-p...p...

http://www.gizmag.com/ibm-solar-powered-http://www.gizmag.com/ibm-solar-powered-desalination/14760desalination/14760

http://www.7daysindubai.com/Power-surge-http://www.7daysindubai.com/Power-surge-huge-UEA-plant-opens-Jebel-Ali/story-huge-UEA-plant-opens-Jebel-Ali/story-1864...1864...

Jeff Salton, (April 8, 2010)Jeff Salton, (April 8, 2010)IBM’s solar powered IBM’s solar powered

desalinationdesalinationplant to hydrate the Saudi plant to hydrate the Saudi

desertdesertonline.online.

Paul Ridden (August 1, 2010).Paul Ridden (August 1, 2010).The Sea-Kettle life raft will The Sea-Kettle life raft will

makemakedrinking water from the sea.drinking water from the sea.

MIT develops solar powered,MIT develops solar powered,portable desalination system.portable desalination system.

Randy Hakely (April 8, 2013)Randy Hakely (April 8, 2013)U.A.E’s Largest Power, WaterU.A.E’s Largest Power, Waterdesalination Plant Is desalination Plant Is

Inaugurated.Inaugurated.

Power surge as hug U.A.E plant Power surge as hug U.A.E plant opens in Jebel opens in Jebel Ali.myraA7days.aeAli.myraA7days.ae

Questions?Questions?