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Alice in…Wasteland
L. Caterino, G. Diana, F. Misso, G. Ratto, M.T. Zara
- ITALY -
ContextWe are members of a no-profit association whose
name is
“ALICE IN WASTELAND”
ProblemIncreasing media alert for illegal waste deposits in South of Italy, in particular in Campania.
• Gathering of available information aboutwaste pollution in our district
• Definition of the aims• Experimental design• Data analysis• Results• Conclusions
As members of the ‘‘Alice in Wasteland’’ association wewant to investigate the situation of waste deposits in ourcountry to suggest possible solutions to our Mayor.
RESEARCH OUTLINE:
http://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2013/11/09/napoli-la-terra-dei-fuochi-aria-infetta-rifiuti-e-tumori-attorno-al-vesuvio/771895/
Gathering of informationDIFFERENT KINDS OF WASTE
Asbestos and Fired General
TOWN Hazardous waste waste waste
Villa Literno 4 0 0
Aversa 1 16 0
Acerra 3 5 0
Nola 9 0 3
Napoli 2 5 0
Ercolano 0 1 4
Caserta 0 6 0
Environment and health monitoring research in our district
‘Casapesenna: monitoraggio ambientale e sanitario’ISS – ARPAC – ASL Ce2
Observation period: August 2005 May 2008
Ground
Concentrations of metals
Observations(mg/l)
Regulatory limits(mg/l)
(min-max)
Beryllium (Be) 4,17 - 8,33 2
Copper (Cu) 21,4 - 151 120
Tin (Sn) 2,42 - 6,35 1
Thallium (Tl) 0,24 - 2,10 1
(D. Lgs 152/2006)
Ground waters
(D.Lgs 152/2006)Concentrations of inorganic substances
Max observations
Regulatorylimits(mg/l)(mg/l)
Aluminum (Al) 577 200Arsenic (As) 15,3 10
Fluorides 1820 1500Nitrites 1900 500
Lead (Pb) 583 10
Gathering of information
Concentrations of organicsubstances
Max observations
Regulatorylimits(mg/l)(mg/l)
TetraChloroEthylene (TCE) 9,32 1,1
Trichloromethane 0,37 0,15
Tribromomethane 1,08 0,3
The Lancet Oncology (2004)
Gathering of information
Research aimsWe want to investigate the behavior of a landfill modelguided by the following research question:
WHICH SOILS SHOULD BE USED IN A LANDFILL?
Why this question??
Leachate is any liquid percolating through the deposited waste (Council Directive 2006/31/EC).
To improve landfills
impermeability
To investigate the behavior of
leachate flow
Council Directive 99/31/EC
Experimental design
How to model a landfill?
Permeability tests…
Soils:- Clay- Sand- Gravel- Crushed stone
Flowing liquids:- Water- Tomato-juice- Olive oil
Experimental design
Testing conditions:
- Same soilsVolume
- Same liquidsVolume
Remarks:
- Fully saturatedsoils samples
- Flow rate
decreases whenliquid level over
soil sample decreases.
Experimental design
Flow rate: leachate volume to a fixed flowing time
Eureka!Fine grained soils
delay leachate flow!
Data Analysis
LIQUID FLOW RATE (ml/s)
CLAY SAND GRAVELCRUSHED
STONE
WATER 0,01 1,148 3,5 6,07
TOMATO-JUICE 0,00015 0,074 0,203 0,258
OLIVE OIL 0,002 0,163 0,375 0,525
Dear Mr. Mayor,
The non-profit association
‘Alice in Wasteland’ would
like to help you to make
sites safer for waste
deposits.
http://www.munnezza.info/
DistrictLandfillsNumber
InhabitantsLandfills every
100.000 inhabitants
Naples 40 3.100.000 1,3Salerno 16 1.000.000 1,6Caserta 22 900.000 2,4
Benevento 6 280.000 2,1Avellino 8 420.000 1,9
In all 92
In our district,
there are a lot of legal and illegal landfills.
Our subsoils aren’t suitable because of their
high permeability.
Beneath a landfill, a thick clay layer is
required to delay leachate flow.
Survey Exploration - AGIP (1966)
Dear Mr. Mayor,
Help us to come back
to the Wonderland our
fathers knew!
Thanks to all of you!!!
LICEO SCIENTIFICO STATALE
‘‘E. G. SEGRÈ’’
- ITALY -