2006 IPCC Guidelines for National 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas InventoriesGreenhouse Gas Inventories

Workshop to exchange views on possible elements to be considered in the future revision of the UNFCCC Guidelines for the preparation of National Communications

from Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention

St. Mary’s, Antigua and Barbuda

21–23 March 2011

Kiyoto Tanabe

NIES/CGER/GIO, CGE Member

OutlineOutline

General improvements in the 2006 IPCC Guidelines as compared to the earlier guidelines

Improvements in each volume of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines as compared to the earlier guidelines

Supporting materials and follow-up guidance for the 2006 IPCC Guidelines

General improvements in the 2006 IPCC General improvements in the 2006 IPCC Guidelines as compared to the earlier Guidelines as compared to the earlier

guidelinesguidelines

EvolutionEvolution Guidelines have evolved

from 1996 to 2006 Development of Good

Practice Guidance (GPG) was a major step forward

Complete, consistent, comparable, transparent, and accurate inventories taking account of available resources

Major change was from 1996 LUCF to GPG LULUCF

Currently, non-Annex I Parties

Should use 1996GLs Encouraged to use

GPGs

2006 IPCC Guidelines 2006 IPCC Guidelines The same basic methodological approaches are used as those in the

Revised 1996 Guidelines, GPG 2000 and GPG LULUCF. The methods of earlier guidelines are maintained with improvements.

Similar resources can be used. Experiences with use of earlier guidelines can be utilized.

GPGs are integrated. More and improved/updated default data are provided. Improved guidance is provided.

Wider coverage of gases Additional guidance for more source categories Improved consistency with regard to indirect emissions of CO2 and N2O All estimates are now of actual annual emissions (“potential” emissions not

needed) Categories simplified and clarified in some areas

ContentsContents

Vol.1ReportingInstructions

Vol.2Workbook

Vol.3ReferenceManualR

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199

6 G

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GPG2000

GPG-LULUCF

2006 Guidelines

Vol.1General Guidanceand Reporting

Vol.2Energy

Vol.3Industrial Processesand Product Use

Vol.4Agriculture, Forestryand Other Land Use

Vol.5Waste

Reporting GuidanceReporting Guidance& Reporting Tables& Reporting Tables

Sectoral GuidanceSectoral GuidanceMethodological IssuesMethodological Issues

Cross-cutting IssuesCross-cutting Issues Key Category Analysis QA/QC, etc.

WorksheetsWorksheets

See Table 1 in “Overview”

GPG and Sectoral GuidanceGPG and Sectoral GuidanceSec

tora

l Gui

dan

ce

Energy

AFOLU

Waste

IPPU

General Guidance & Reporting

Dat

a Col

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ion

Met

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al C

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Key

Cat

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Tim

e Ser

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Con

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QA

/QC

Ver

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Rep

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Unc

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Emission I nventory

• Good Practice inventories are defined as “those that contain neither over- nor under-estimates so far as can be judged, and in which uncertainties are reduced as far as is practical”

• GPG retains consistency with Revised 1996 Guidelines and is updated and expanded in the 2006 Guidelines

– Approaches to Data Collection

Gases and CategoriesGases and Categories

Wider coverage of gases Gases for which GWP values are available in the IPCC-TAR

• CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6

• NF3, SF5CF3, Halogenated Ethers, etc.

Gases for which GWP values are not available in the IPCC-TAR• C7F16, C4F6, c-C4F8O, etc.

Other gases (Precursors)• 2006 Guidelines contain links to information on methods used under other

agreements and conventions

“New” guidance provided for various source categories

““New” Guidance in 2006 GuidelinesNew” Guidance in 2006 GuidelinesCO2 -Transport and Storage Electrical Equipment

Urea-based Catalysts (Road Transport) Military ApplicationsAccelerators

Abandoned Underground Mines Medical ApplicationsPropellant for Pressure and Aerosol Products

Glass Production

Ceramics

Non Metallurgical Magnesia Production Complete, consistent treatment of firesLiming

Caprolactam, Glyoxal & Glyoxylic Acid Settlements remaining Settlements

Titanium Dioxide Production Some wetlands categories

Petrochemical and Carbon Black Production Urea ApplicationIndirect N2O Emissions from Manure

Lead Production Harvested Wood ProductsZinc Production

Open Burning of Waste

Integrated Circuit or Semiconductor Biological Treatment of Solid WasteTFT Flat Panel Display

Photovoltaics

Heat Transfer Fluid

Chemical Industry

Metal Industry 

Waste

Electronics Industries 

 Other

Indirect N2O Emissions from the Atmospheric

Deposition of N (excluding agriculture)

Fuel Combustion Other Product Manufacture and Use

Fugitive Emissions from Fuels

Mineral Industry

Substitutes for Ozone Depleting Substances

Land Use

Direct & Indirect Emissions: CODirect & Indirect Emissions: CO22 and N and N22OO

Consistency is improved in 2006 Guidelines with regard to:CO2 resulting from emissions of other gases

• 2006GLs estimate carbon emissions in terms of the species which are emitted

• CO2 from atmospheric oxidation of non-CO2 species can be estimated additionally, if necessary

Treatment of nitrogen (N) deposition• Formerly only agricultural sources were covered• 2006GLs cover all significant sources of N deposition, including

agriculture, industrial and combustion sources

Direct & Indirect Emissions: CODirect & Indirect Emissions: CO22 and N and N22OO

2006 Guidelines

“CO2 Emissions”

2006 Guidelines “CO2 Emissions” do not include

this automatically

2006 Guidelines includes ALL NH3 & NOx Emissions

2006 Guidelines give methods to

calculate this

Estimation of Actual Annual EmissionsEstimation of Actual Annual Emissions In the 1996 Guidelines and Good Practice Guidance for a few

sources, the simplest methodology estimates a “potential emission” rather than the actual annual emission.

– “Potential emission” assumes all the emissions from an activity occur in the current year, ignoring the fact they will occur over many years (e.g. methane emissions from waste in landfills occurs over decades as the decay processes take place).

In the 2006 Guidelines, simple default methods estimate emissions when they occur, thus removing the need for potential emissions.

The removal of potential emission estimates allows the emission reductions of abatement techniques to be properly estimated and ensures that the Tier 1 methods are compatible with higher tier methods. The areas where this occurred are:

– Emissions of fluorinated compounds (IPPU Sector) – Emissions of methane from landfills (Waste Sector)

Improvements in each volume of the 2006 IPCC Improvements in each volume of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines as compared to the earlier Guidelines as compared to the earlier

guidelinesguidelines

Vol 1: General Guidance and ReportingVol 1: General Guidance and Reporting

New chapter on introductory adviceOverview of greenhouse gas inventories

Steps needed to prepare an inventory for the first time

Extended advice on data collectionSystematic cross-cutting advice on data collection from

existing sources and by new activities

Key category analysisBetter integrated across emission and removal categories

Vol 2: EnergyVol 2: Energy Methods and categories largely unchanged Improved default emission factors for fossil fuel use

based on survey of global datauncertainties derived from range of data

Improved list of sub-categories to enable more transparent reportingManufacturing Industries and Construction Road transport: Urea-based catalysts

New guidance provided which was not included in earlier guidelinesMethane from abandoned coal minesEmissions associated with CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS)

Vol 3: Industrial Processes and Product Vol 3: Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU)Use (IPPU)

Combined two sectors in the 1996GLs Improved to explicitly include more manufacturing sectors

and product uses identified as sources of GHGs, e.g.:Production of lead, zinc, titanium dioxide, petrochemicals, liquid

crystal display (LCD), etc.SF6 and PFCs uses in military applications, accelerators, etc.

New gases, actual emission estimates More detailed and clearer guidance on, e.g.,:

Demarcation between Energy and IPPU Estimation and reporting of non-energy uses of fossil fuels Treatment of CO2 for later use and short-term storage

Vol 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Vol 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU)Land Use (AFOLU)

Integrated two sectors (Agriculture and LULUCF) in the 1996GLs to remove inconsistencies and double counting issues

Retain the structure of six land use categories of GPG-LULUCF

Generic methods for estimating stock changes in C pools and non-CO2 emissions for all land use categories

Latest scientific information taken into account:Better estimation methodsBetter and more default parameters

Inclusion of additional categories

Mapping of AFOLU categories across Mapping of AFOLU categories across IPCC GuidelinesIPCC Guidelines

Vol 5: WasteVol 5: Waste Improved accuracy: Updated methods and improved default

valuesA simple first order decay (FOD) method for landfills is provided as

a Tier 1 method.A simple spreadsheet model with step-by-step guidance and

improved default data (IPCC Waste Model) is provided to enable all countries to implement the FOD method (as Tier 1 or higher).

Further improved completeness Guidance is given on more sources

• Biological treatment of solid waste• Open burning of waste

Inclusion of methods to estimate N2O emissions • Discharge of wastewater into waterways• Advanced wastewater treatment plants

Supporting materials and follow-up Supporting materials and follow-up guidance for the 2006 IPCC Guidelinesguidance for the 2006 IPCC Guidelines

Support to users for better understanding Support to users for better understanding of 2006 IPCC Guidelines of 2006 IPCC Guidelines Primer for 2006 IPCC Guidelines

Available from TFI website (see below) Summary of the basic approach for inventory

development and guidance on their use Easy to read – expected to serve as quick

guidance on 2006 IPCC Guidelines

FAQ (Answers to frequently asked questions) Developed and maintained by TSU in consultation with authors of 2006

IPCC Guidelines.

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/support/support.html

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/faq/faq.html

Support to users for inventory preparation Support to users for inventory preparation following 2006 IPCC Guidelinesfollowing 2006 IPCC Guidelines Emission Factor Database (EFDB)

Library of a wide range of well documented emission factors and other parameters to help users (inventory compilers) select those that best reflect their national circumstances

Supplements all the IPCC Guidelines/GPGs Available through the internet and in the form

of CDROM Efforts being continuously made to get a wider range of EFs (expert

meetings for data collection, literature search, etc.) Open to relevant data proposals – New proposals welcomed!!

• New data will be evaluated for acceptance by EFDB Editorial Board.

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/EFDB/

INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGENATIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORIES PROGRAMME

EFDB v2.1November 2009

IPCCEmission Factor Database

For the latest version see http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/EFDB/

Produced by the Technical Support Unit of the IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme.

© Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2009

Support to users for inventory preparation Support to users for inventory preparation following 2006 IPCC Guidelinesfollowing 2006 IPCC Guidelines

New software for 2006 Guidelines (under development) Aimed at users with limited resources

• As a training tool Display all the calculations – it is not a “black box” Facilitate preparation of national GHG inventories according to 2006GLs

• for complete inventories; or

• for separate categories or groups of categories Facilitate QC, Key Category Analysis, etc Harmonise reporting of greenhouse gas inventories Archive data (which may consist of estimates for a number of years) A demonstration version is now available at:

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/support/support.html

Snapshot image of the Software for 2006 IPCC Guidelines

Guidance on AFOLU datasets for use in the IPCC GuidelinesOutcome of IPCC-FAO-IFAD Expert Meeting

(20-22 October 2009, Rome, Italy) Summary of information on FAO data (largely activity

data) suitable for AFOLU sector estimates, e.g.;:• Description of the information needed • Description of where the data can be used in Guidelines• Description of where the dataset can be obtained• Comments describing the dataset and any limitations

Methodological work to produce a supplement to the 2006 Guidelines for wetlands In response to invitation by SBSTA33 (December 2010)To be completed by SBSTA39 (December 2013)

More support and follow-up guidance More support and follow-up guidance being made availablebeing made available

ConclusionsConclusions

ConclusionsConclusions The 2006 IPCC Guidelines will help countries improve the

quality of national GHG inventories.The best available scientific information for estimating and reporting

GHG emissions and removals is represented.• Improved methods• More and improved/updated default data• Additional guidance for more source categories

Experiences and resources accumulated through inventory preparation based on earlier guidelines can be utilized when using the 2006 IPCC Guidelines.The methods of earlier guidelines are maintained with improvements.Good practice guidance is integrated.

Users of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines can benefit from various supporting materials and follow-up guidance.Primer, FAQs, Software, EFDB, etc.

2006 IPCC Guidelines are available in 6 UN languages including English.

For further information, please visit http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/

2006 IPCC Guidelines are available in 6 UN languages including English.

For further information, please visit http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/