2007 2007

NORTH CAROLINANORTH CAROLINA

Pregnancy NutritionSurveillance System

GraphicsGraphics

20062006 (prior year) national PNSS (prior year) national PNSS data are presented.data are presented.

Contributors included 26 states, 5 Contributors included 26 states, 5 Indian Tribal Organizations, and 1 U.S. Indian Tribal Organizations, and 1 U.S. territory.territory.

Comparing Contributor and National DataComparing Contributor and National Data

Source of dataSource of data

2007 NC PNSS Table 1C

* Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

WIC*

MaternalHealth

Other

Racial and ethnic distribution Racial and ethnic distribution

2007 NC PNSS Table 1C

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

White

Black

Hispanic

American Indian

Asian

Multiple

Other

Trends in racial and ethnic distributionTrends in racial and ethnic distribution

0

20

40

60

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic American Indian Asian

2007 NC PNSS Table 14C

Age distributionAge distribution

2007 NC PNSS Table 1C

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

<15 Years15-17 Years18-19 Years20-29 years30-39 Years≥40 Years

Trends in age distributionTrends in age distribution

0

20

40

60

80

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

<15 Years 15-17 Years 18-19 Years20-29 Years 30-39 Years 40+ Years

2007 NC PNSS Table 15C

Education levelEducation level

2007 NC PNSS Table 1C

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

<High School High School>High School

Migrant statusMigrant status

2007 NC PNSS Table 1C

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

Yes

No

Household income Household income reported as percent poverty levelreported as percent poverty level Household income Household income reported as percent poverty levelreported as percent poverty level

2007 NC PNSS Table 1C

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

0-50

51-100

101-130

131-150

151-185

186-200

Over 200

Adj. Eligibility

Program participationProgram participationat initial prenatal visitat initial prenatal visit

0

25

50

75

100

WIC Food Stamps Medicaid TANF

Per

cent

age

State Nation2007 NC PNSS Table 1C

Timing of WIC enrollment and medical careTiming of WIC enrollment and medical care

0102030405060708090

100

1st Trimester

2ndTrimester

3rd Trimester

Postpartum 1st Trimester No Care

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 2C

WIC Enrollment Medical Care

Year 2010target*

* Year 2010 target: 90% of pregnant women will enter into prenatal care during the first trimester.

Trends in WIC enrollment and medical careTrends in WIC enrollment and medical care

0102030405060708090

100

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Per

cent

age

Medical Care 1st Trimester No Medical Care 1st Trimester WIC Enrollment

2007 NC PNSS Table 17C

Trends in first trimester WIC enrollment by race and ethnicityTrends in first trimester WIC enrollment by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Per

cent

age

White Black Hispanic American Indian Asian Total

2007 NC PNSS Table 21C

Parity and interpregnancy interval Parity and interpregnancy interval

0

10

20

30

40

50

0 1 2 3 or More < 6Months

6-18Months

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 2C

Parity Interpregnancy Interval

Prevalence of prepregnancy underweight and overweight*Prevalence of prepregnancy underweight and overweight*

2007 NC PNSS Table 2C

0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation

* Underweight (BMI < 19.8); overweight (BMI = 26.0-29.0); and obese (BMI > 29.0).

Underweight Normal Overweight (top) and Obese

Prevalence of prepregnancy underweight*by race and ethnicityPrevalence of prepregnancy underweight*by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15

20

25

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 9C

* BMI < 19.8.

Prevalence of prepregnancy overweight*by race and ethnicityPrevalence of prepregnancy overweight*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 9C

* BMI > 26.0 (includes overweight and obese women).

Prevalence of less than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

Prevalence of less than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 9C

* Ideal weight gain: prepregnancy underweight = 28-40 pounds; prepregnancy normal weight = 25-35 pounds; prepregnancy overweight and obese = 15-25 pounds.

Prevalence of greater than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

Prevalence of greater than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 9C

* Ideal weight gain: prepregnancy underweight = 28-40 pounds; prepregnancy normal weight = 25-35 pounds; prepregnancy overweight and obese = 15-25 pounds.

Prevalence of less than ideal, ideal and greater than ideal maternal weight gain*

Prevalence of less than ideal, ideal and greater than ideal maternal weight gain*

0

10

20

30

40

50

< Ideal Ideal > Ideal

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 2C

* Ideal weight gain: prepregnancy underweight = 28-40 pounds; prepregnancy normal weight = 25-35 pounds; prepregnancy overweight and obese = 15-25 pounds.

Maternal weight gain*by prepregnancy BMI**Maternal weight gain*by prepregnancy BMI**

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Underweight Normal Overweight Obese

Prepregnancy BMI

Perc

enta

ge

< Ideal Weight Gain > Ideal Weight Gain

2007 NC PNSS Table 13C

* Ideal weight gain: prepregnancy underweight = 28-40 pounds; prepregnancy normal weight = 25-35 pounds; prepregnancy overweight and obese = 15-25 pounds.

** Underweight (BMI < 19.8); overweight (BMI = 26.0-29.0); and obese (BMI > 29.0).

Trends in prevalence of prepregnancy overweight and underweight* Trends in prevalence of prepregnancy overweight and underweight*

0

20

40

60

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

Overweight Underweight

2007 NC PNSS Table 16C* Underweight (BMI < 19.8); overweight (BMI > 26.0; includes overweight and obese).

Trends in prevalence of less than ideal and greater than ideal weight gain*Trends in prevalence of less than ideal and greater than ideal weight gain*

0

20

40

60

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

< Ideal Weight Gain > Ideal Weight Gain

2007 NC PNSS Table 16C

* Ideal weight gain: prepregnancy underweight = 28-40 pounds; prepregnancy normal weight = 25-35 pounds; prepregnancy overweight and obese = 15-25 pounds.

Trends in the prevalence of less than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

Trends in the prevalence of less than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic Amer Indian Asian Total

2007 NC PNSS Table 20C

* Ideal weight gain: prepregnancy underweight = 28-40 pounds; prepregnancy normal weight = 25-35 pounds; prepregnancy overweight and obese = 15-25 pounds.

Trends in the prevalence of greater than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

Trends in the prevalence of greater than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic Amer Indian Asian Total

2007 NC PNSS Table 20C

* Ideal weight gain: prepregnancy underweight = 28-40 pounds; prepregnancy normal weight = 25-35 pounds; prepregnancy overweight and obese = 15-25 pounds.

Prevalence of anemia* by timing of program enrollmentPrevalence of anemia* by timing of program enrollment

0

10

20

30

40

1st Trimester 2nd Trimester 3rd Trimester Postpartum

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 2C * Hb or Hct < 5th percentile, CDC MMWR vol. 47 (No. RR-3), 1998.

Prevalence of third-trimester anemia* by race and ethnicity

Prevalence of third-trimester anemia* by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 9C

* Hb or Hct < 5th percentile, CDC MMWR vol. 47 (No. RR-3), 1998.

Prevalence of postpartum anemia* by race and ethnicityPrevalence of postpartum anemia* by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 9C

* Hb or Hct < 5th percentile, CDC MMWR vol. 47 (No. RR-3), 1998.

Trends in prevalence of third trimester anemia*by race and ethnicity

Trends in prevalence of third trimester anemia*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic Amer Indian Asian Total

2007 NC PNSS Table 20C * Hb or Hct < 5th percentile, CDC MMWR vol. 47 (No. RR-3), 1998.

Trends in the prevalence of postpartum anemia*by race and ethnicity

Trends in the prevalence of postpartum anemia*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic Amer Indian Asian Total

2007 NC PNSS Table 20C * Hb or Hct < 5th percentile, CDC MMWR vol. 47 (No. RR-3), 1998.

Prevalence of smoking and smoking in the household by pregnancy statusPrevalence of smoking and smoking in the household by pregnancy status

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

3 Mos Prior toPregnancy

DuringPregnancy

Last 3 Mos ofPregnancy

Postpartum DuringPregnancy

Postpartum

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation2007 NC PNSS Table 2C

Smoking Smoking in the Household

Year 2010 target: 99% of pregnant women report no smoking in the past month.

Smoking changes during pregnancyamong women who reported smoking three months prior to pregnancySmoking changes during pregnancyamong women who reported smoking three months prior to pregnancy

0

10

20

30

40

50

Quit by 1st Prenatal Visit Quit by 1st Prenatal Visit andStayed Off Cigarettes

Pe

rce

nta

ge

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 2C

Trends in prevalence of smoking during the last 3 months of pregnancy by race and ethnicity

Trends in prevalence of smoking during the last 3 months of pregnancy by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic American Indian Asian Total

2007 NC PNSS Table 22C

Prevalence of maternal drinkingPrevalence of maternal drinking

0

5

10

3 Months Prior to Pregnancy Last 3 Months of Pregnancy

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 2CYear 2010 Target: 6% or less of pregnant women report use of alcohol in the previous month.

Prevalence of low birthweight and high Prevalence of low birthweight and high birthweight *birthweight *

2007 NC PNSS Table 2C

* VLBW < 1500 g; LBW = 1500 - < 2500 g; HBW > 4000 g. ** Year 2010 Target: Reduce very low birthweight to < 0.9 percent and low birthweight to < 5.0 percent.

LBW (top) and HBW VLBW

0

5

10

Pe

rce

nta

ge

State Nation

Prevalence of selected birth outcomes*Prevalence of selected birth outcomes*Prevalence of selected birth outcomes*Prevalence of selected birth outcomes*

0

5

10

15

20

Preterm Full Term LowBirthweight

Multiple Births

Pe

rce

nta

ge

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 2C * Preterm: < 37 weeks gestation. Full term low birthweight: 37 or more weeks and < 2500 g.

Prevalence of low birthweight*by race and ethnicityPrevalence of low birthweight*by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15

20

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 12C

* Low birthweight includes VLBW < 1500 g and LBW = 1500-<2500 g. ** Year 2010 target: Reduce low birthweight to < 5.0 percent.

Year 2010target**

Prevalence of low birthweight*by selected health indicatorsPrevalence of low birthweight*by selected health indicators

0

5

10

15

20

Prepregnancy BMI Weight Gain Smoking DuringPregnancy

Per

cent

age

2007 NC PNSS Table 13C* Low birthweight includes VLBW < 1500 g and LBW = 1500-<2500 g. ** Year 2010 target: Reduce low birthweight to < 5.0 percent.

Under- Normal Over- < Ideal Ideal > Ideal Smoker Nonsmoker weight weight

Year 2010target**

Prevalence of high birthweight* by race and ethnicityPrevalence of high birthweight* by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 12C

* High birthweight > 4000 g.

Prevalence of preterm delivery* by race and ethnicityPrevalence of preterm delivery* by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15

20

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2007 NC PNSS Table 12C

* Preterm: < 37 weeks gestation.

Trends in the prevalence of low birthweight* by race and ethnicityTrends in the prevalence of low birthweight* by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic American Indian Asian Total

2007 NC PNSS Table 23C * < 2500 g.

Trends in the prevalence of high birthweight* by race and ethnicityTrends in the prevalence of high birthweight* by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic American Indian Asian Total

2007 NC PNSS Table 23C * > 4000 g.

Trends in the prevalence of preterm delivery* by race and ethnicityTrends in the prevalence of preterm delivery* by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15

20

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic American Indian Asian Total

2007 NC PNSS Table 23C * < 37 weeks gestation.

Percentage of infants ever breastfed* by race and ethnicityPercentage of infants ever breastfed* by race and ethnicity

0102030405060708090

100

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Pe

rce

nta

ge

State Nation

Year 2010 target**

2007 NC PNSS Table 12C

* Includes infants currently breastfeeding or ever breastfed as reported by mother at postpartum visit . ** Year 2010 Target: Increase the proportion of mothers who breastfeed their babies in the early postpartum period to 75%.

Trends in the percentage of infants ever breastfed*by race and ethnicity

Trends in the percentage of infants ever breastfed*by race and ethnicity

0102030405060708090

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Per

cent

age

White Black Hispanic American Indian Asian Total

2007 NC PNSS Table 23C

* Reported by mother at postpartum visit. Year 2010 target: increase the proportion of mothers who breastfeed their babies in the early postpartum period to 75%.

MapsState Maps of County Data

MapsState Maps of County Data

2005-2007 2005-2007 Pregnancy NutritionSurveillance System

Percentage of pregnancies among females aged ≤ 17 years, by county

Percentage of pregnancies among females aged ≤ 17 years, by county

2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 4B

0 - < 7

7 - < 9

9 - < 11

11+

No Data

Percentage of women enrolling in WIC during their first trimester, by county

Percentage of women enrolling in WIC during their first trimester, by county

2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 6B

0 - < 20

20 - < 33

33 - < 46

46+

No Data

Prevalence of prepregnancy underweight*, by county

Prevalence of prepregnancy underweight*, by county

* BMI < 19.8. 2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 5B

0 - < 9

9 - < 12

12 - < 15

15+

No Data

Prevalence of prepregnancy overweight*, by county

Prevalence of prepregnancy overweight*, by county

* BMI > 26.0. 2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 5B

0 - < 39

39 - < 47

47 - < 55

55+

No Data

* Ideal weight gain: prepregnancy underweight = 28-40 pounds; prepregnancy normal weight = 25-35 pounds; prepregnancy overweight and obese = 15-25 pounds.

2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 5B

Prevalence of < ideal weight gain*, by county

Prevalence of < ideal weight gain*, by county

0 - < 20

20 - < 26

26 - < 32

32+

No Data

* Ideal weight gain: prepregnancy underweight = 28-40 pounds; prepregnancy normal weight = 25-35 pounds; prepregnancy overweight and obese = 15-25 pounds. 2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 5B

Prevalence of > ideal weight gain*, by county

Prevalence of > ideal weight gain*, by county

0 - < 34

34 - < 40

40 - < 46

46+

No Data

2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 7B

Prevalence of smoking during the last 3 months of pregnancy, by county

Prevalence of smoking during the last 3 months of pregnancy, by county

0 - < 10

10 - < 19

19 - < 28

28+

No Data

Prevalence of low birthweight*, by countyPrevalence of low birthweight*, by county

* < 2500 grams. 2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 8B

0 - < 6

6 - < 9

9 - < 12

12+

No Data

Prevalence of high birthweight*, by countyPrevalence of high birthweight*, by county

* > 4000 grams. 2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 8B

0 - < 4

4 - < 6

6 - < 8

8+

No Data

* < 37 weeks gestation. 2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 8B

Prevalence of preterm delivery*, by countyPrevalence of preterm delivery*, by county

0 - < 10

10 - < 14

14 - < 18

18+

No Data

* Reported by mother at postpartum visit.. 2005-2007 NC PNSS Table 8B

Percentage of infants ever breastfed*, by county

Percentage of infants ever breastfed*, by county

0 - < 35

35 - < 57

57 - < 79

79+

No Data