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Integrating Water Features into your Design:
Achieving a Natural Look
Presented by
David Duensing, Associate Member ASLA, NAPP
Chris Brown, ASLA
Interaction opportunities with water
Introduction:
Defining the Features Purpose
Getting
up Close
and
Personal
Introduction:
Defining the Features Purpose
Koi ponds
allow for
feeding and
viewing
Minimize rock,
sharp corners
and plants
Introduction:
Defining the Features Purpose
“Living” water
vs.
“Sterile” water
Introduction:
Defining the Features Purpose
Estate Garden with Reflections
Introduction:
Intimate to Majestic
Private Botanic Garden With a View
Introduction:
Intimate to Majestic
“Pond-Less” Waterfall
Introduction:
Intimate to Majestic
Displays of Color
Introduction:
Intimate to Majestic
Formal Water Features
Introduction:
Styles
Introduction:
Styles
“Natural–Like” Mountain Trout Pond
Introduction:
Styles
Snow Melt
Mountain Stream
and
Trout Pond
Introduction:
Styles
Japanese Water Gardens
Traditionally
Very
Detail
Oriented
Introduction:
Styles
Commercial Project Prior to Landscaping
Introduction:
Styles
Size Basins and Streams
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Sizing Basins and Streams
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Sizing Basins and Streams
Cisterns
as
Reservoirs
Liner Edge Detail
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Improper Edge Techniques
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Liner Edging
Concrete
Perimeter with
18” of Excess
Liner
Liner Secured
Vertically
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Liner Edging
Design and Use of Rock
Improper Proper
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Application of Rock
View From Roadside
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Making Water Visible
View from Restaurant Patio
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Making the Water Visible
Close Up View
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Making the Water Visible
Avoid Excessive Rock
Around Edges
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Necklace Effect
Communication,
Design
and
Execution
Most Common Design and Build Mistakes:
Aesthetic Clarification
Selecting and Sizing Equipment
•Mechanical Filtration
•Biological Filtration
•Pumps
•Pipe
•SterilizationUnderstanding Quality:
Guidelines
Equipment Packages
Understanding Quality:
Proper Equipment Sizing
Upsize
filtration
to
reduce
frequency
maintenance
Understanding Quality:
Properly Sizing Equipment
EPDM Lining Installation
Understanding Quality:
Durable, UV Resistant, “Fish Safe”
Design Fundamentals:
Design Fundamentals
Scale and Placement
Working with the Elements
Design Fundamentals
Orienting the Work and the Views
Develop Views and Destinations
Design Fundamentals
Developing Views and Destinations
Make the Water Easily Visible
Design Fundamentals
Visual and Audible Options
The Sounds of Falling Water
Design Fundamentals
Visual and Audible Options
Easy and Secure Access
Design Fundamentals
Interaction Opportunities
Koi pond with
supported granite
slab walk
Greenwich, CT
2004
Design Fundamentals
Interaction Opportunities
Design Fundamentals
Interaction Opportunities
Solid Perimeter and Destinations
Ponds
Design Fundamentals
Interaction Opportunities
4E2 Private
Viewing
Area
Beach
Access
Design Fundamentals
Interaction Opportunities
Rock Formations and Water Courses
Design Fundamentals
Replicating Nature
Structure to Chaos
Design Fundamentals
Replicating Nature
4K3
Design Fundamentals
Replicating Nature
Waterfalls
&
Streams
Design Fundamentals
Replicating Nature
Waterfalls Require “Randomness”
Design Fundamentals
Replicating Nature
Landscape In and Around the
Water Feature
Design Fundamentals
Replicating Nature
Rock Formations
Inside and Outside of the Water Feature
Design Fundamentals
Replicating Nature
Bring Sound and Motion to a Garden
Design Fundamentals
Replicating Nature
Sub-Structure
Considerations
National Wildlife
Federation, DC
2001
• Frost
• Unstable Soils
• Seismic Activity
• Back Fill
• Bearing Loads
Construction
Materials and Methods
Construction
Materials and Methods
Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Construction
Materials and Methods
Indoor
Game Fish
Pond
Poured
Concrete
Sub-Structure
Construction
Materials and Methods
Pond Lining Materials
• Rubber
– EPDM, sheets
– EPDM, liquid
• Plastic
– PVC
– Vinyl
• Concrete
• Clay
Construction
Materials and Methods
Completed Pond All Materials Secured and Hidden from View
Construction
Materials and Methods
Lifting and Setting Rock
Nylon straps
are very
strong and
help protect
the rock
during
installation
Construction
Materials and Methods
Geotextile
padding under the
rock adds
protection to liner
Lifting link
and chains are
often used on
massive boulders
Construction
Materials and Methods
Rocks Formations: More Authentic Emerging
from the Soil or Water
Construction
Materials and Methods
Rock as Garden
Elements
Construction
Materials and Methods
Protect the moss
and lichen during
transport and
installation
Construction
Materials and Methods
Aquatic
Plants
• Provide Filtration
• Habitat for Aquatic Life
• Helps Transition from Landscape to Water
• Helps Tie Hardscape to the Water Feature
Construction
Materials and Methods
Construction
Materials and Methods
Construction
Materials and Methods
Waterfalls
do not need to
be large to be
heard and
enjoyed
Acoustic and Visual Elements
Controlling What is Seen and Heard
•Volume
•Pitch
•Direction
Making the Water
Stand Out
• Reflect Light
• Textured Weirs
• Irregular Weir Edges
• Separating the Water
from the Rock
Acoustic and Visual Elements
Controlling What is Seen and Heard
Authenticity
in the
Rock Wock
Acoustic and Visual Elements
Controlling What is Seen and Heard
Acoustic and Visual Elements
Controlling What is Seen and Heard
Cost Drivers
Site Conditions
Client Goals
Design
Cost Drivers
Elements Influencing Cost
Site
Accessibility
And
Conditions
•Trees
•Unstable Soils
•Springs
•Material Storage
Cost Drivers
Elements Influencing Cost
Complexity of Design and Automation
Cost Drivers
Elements Influencing Cost
Baseline Specifications
• Mechanical Components
• Materials
• Aesthetics
• Contractor
• Site Conditions
Specifications
Meet Client’s Goals
VFD’sVariable Frequency Device
• Control pump motor
speed
• Reduces electrical
consumption and
operating costs
• Reduces wear on pumps
and plumbing
• Allows for variable flows
during different times of
the day or night
Specifications
Meet Client’s Goals
Qualifying
a
Water Feature Contractor
Determine:
– Years experience building water features
– Scope and scale of experience
– Visit contractors projects and talk with clients
– Review portfolio and define contractors actual
participation in work shown
– Contractors understanding of your particular concerns
and needs
Specifications
Meet Client’s Goals
Integrating Water Features into your Design:
Achieving a Natural Look
Questions & Answers
Copyrighted Materials
This presentation is protected by US and
International Copyright laws. Reproduction,
distribution, display and use of the presentation
without written permission of the speaker is
prohibited.
© The American Society of Landscape Architects