©2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.. Understanding Nutritional Guidelines Dietary...

Chapter Six - Promoting Good Nutrition In Early

Childhood Education

©2009 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.

Understanding Nutritional GuidelinesDietary Guidelines

for AmericansBuild a healthy baseAim for Fitness


MyPyramid

My Pyramid Food Guidance SystemEmphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains and fat-free

or low-fat milk and milk products.Recommendations of the system are interrelated and

head the individual toward an increased intake of dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals and other essential nutrients

The system is divided into two levels1) Individualized daily food intake recommendations and 2) Information to help individuals make better food

choices. Variety, proportionality, moderation and activity are the

focus©2010 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.

MyPyramid for Kids



Understanding Nutritional Guidelines

MyPyramidFocus is on

Grains Vegetables Fruits Milk and milk products Meat and beans Minor focus on oils No focus on cutting down on sugars

U.S. Daily Reference Intake (DRI)Food Lab - Calories, fat, cholesterol,

carbohydrates, protein, Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin C, calcium and iron

Trans fats added in 2006©2010 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.

Understanding Nutritional GuidelinesHealthy People 2010-is a national health agenda that communicates a vision

and a strategy for improving the health of the Nation's population and achieving health equity. Each decade since 1980, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has released a comprehensive set of national public health objectives known as the Healthy People initiative

Child and Adult Care Food Program-USDA’s Child and Adult

Care Food Program plays a vital role in improving the quality of day care and making it more affordable for many low-income families. Each day, 3.3 million children receive nutritious meals and snacks through CACFP. The program also provides meals and snacks to 120,000 adults who receive care in nonresidential adult day care centers. CACFP reaches even further to provide meals to children residing in emergency shelters, and snacks and suppers to youths participating in eligible afterschool care programs.


Basic MacronutrientsEnergy Nutrients Provide calories

Fats 9 grams Proteins 4 grams Carbohydrates 4 grams

Macronutrients are needed To maintain life, For growth To regulate the body To perform voluntary activities

Carbohydrates First source of energy for the body

Fats Second source of energy


Basic MacronutrientsTypes of Fats

Saturated raises cholesterol found in animal fats

Monounsaturated is neutral found in olives, peanuts, nuts and avocado

Polyunsaturated lowers cholesterol found in plants and plant oils

Trans fats


ProteinThird source of energy and will only be used as

a source if all supplies of fat and carbohydrates are used


Basic MicronutrientsVitamins - assist energy nutrients and aid in

metabolismFat Soluble

Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin K

Water SolubleVitamin B and Vitamin C

Minerals Help the metabolic process and regulate body fluids Calcium Phosphorus Iron Sodium Magnesium Potassium Fluoride



Basic MicronutrientsMinerals

Help the metabolic process and regulate body fluids

Calcium Phosphorus Iron Sodium Magnesium Potassium Fluoride

Basic Micronutrients Water

Necessary to sustain life 70% of human body is water Water loss in body due to urination and

evaporation Sources are most foods found in nature and

water


Reality Check: How is America Eating: Do We Fulfill Our Nutritional Needs?

How are we as a country doing on our eating habits?

How might we improve?


Implications for TeachersEducationFor FamiliesRole ModelingCultural CompetenceSupervision


Chapter Seven - Protecting Good Nutrition In Early Childhood Education Environments

Nutrition Policies for Preventing Risk Risks include:

Hunger Malnutrition Obesity Food allergies Lack of physical exercise Other nutritional challenges

Dental caries, cardiovascular disease, iron deficiency anemia


Hunger, Food Insecurity, Malnutrition and Misnutrition

Hunger Food insecurity MalnutritionMisnutrition


Childhood ObesityMost prevalent nutritional disease in children 18

years of age and youngerMeasured by the Body Mass Index (BMI) compares

weight to heightThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

classifies children in the 95th percentile and higher as obese

May be ethnically linked – higher ratio of obesity among:

Hispanics African American Native Americans

How can we improve these statistics?©2010 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.

Using Physical Activity and Exercise as a Part of Diet

Time for physical activities and exercise is a necessary part of creating nutritional policies Children have at least one hour of unstructured

active play in a dayToddlers should be provided with 30 minutes of

structured play everyday Preschoolers should have at least one hour of

structured play that allows for movement and physical activity


Food AllergiesFoods that commonly bring on allergies

Milk, peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, eggs, fish,

soybeans, shellfishThe response to food allergies may be

skin rashes difficulty breathing gastrointestinal difficulties

Food intolerance is an abnormal response to a food

Allergy to a food response is triggered from the immune system and may cause serious medical condition or may be life threatening


Food Allergies

Sixty-three percent of teachers may have a child with a food allergy in the early childhood education environment.

Teacher should have a Food Allergy Action Plan


Other Nutritional Challenges

Dental Caries (cavities)Foods high in carbohydrates and sugar promote

formation of cavities Fluoride most affective way of preventing cavities

Brushing teeth after meals and not giving juice in bottles

help in prevention Teachers can make sure that the early childhood education

environment can provide foods that have Plenty of protein Calcium Vitamins

Don’t use sugary foods Don’t allow “grazing”



Other Nutritional Challenges Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension

Too many calories, too much fat, too much cholesterol

Can lead to development of coronary atherosclerosis or heart disease

Other Nutritional ChallengesIron Deficiency Anemia

Most prevalent nutritional problem in children in US besides obesity

Children may have trouble concentrating, which may affect brain development

Diets need sufficient amounts of iron to prevent that


Reality CheckTelevision and Its Effects on Children’s Diet and

ExerciseA great majority of ads on television are for foods

that are low in nutritional value. What types of “hooks” are used to sell children these food?

Peanut AllergyHow might having a child with a peanut

allergy impact the early education environment?


Implications for Teachers EducationFor FamiliesRole ModelingCultural

CompetenceSupervision


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