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Opportunity Building:A Different Approach for

Timor-Leste

To hear a hundred times is not as good as to see once.

Chinese Proverb

Steven M. SiglerTransforming Timor-Leste Conference July 2009Dili, Timor-Leste

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s

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s

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Despite loneliness, isolation from friends and family, and occasionalracism or ignorance by European Australians, I persisted with mystudies in Tasmania and completed my course in woodwork afterone year. During my time in Tasmania without any family membersfrom Arnhem Land, I was billeted with a host family, who taught me

about the Western way. In due time, I had acquired sufficientknowledge of the English language, culture and society at large tofunction adequately in previously hostile environment. I had learntthe Balanda way.

Waamilil in Trudgen (2003)

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The how andthe why is found in tacit

knowledge acquired through actual hands-on,

experiential learning in the company of thoseone trusts unreservedly.

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Capacity Building

orOpportunity Building?

Enhancinga developing countries ability to performfunctions, solve problems and set and achieveobjectives (UNDP, 2002).

Or

Enablingpeople to retain and build on the resourcesand capacities they already possess (Eade, 1997).

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The How

An Overseas Apprenticeship Program:

Recognizes sojourners from workforce communities can be animportant development resource.

Demand driven.

Targets the young and unemployed from the trades,agricultural, and small business communities.

Stages of the Sojourning process:

Pre-departure. Host-country residence. Returning Home.

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Pre-Departure

National advisors - recruit participants.

National / International advisors - cross-cultural orientation: History and legal system. Climate and physical environment.

Cultural norms, values, and beliefs (social system). Health and hygiene practices. Learning styles and work routines. Social skills. Legal rights and responsibilities. Who to go to if problems occur.

Extended to as long as six months.

Focus on language and intercultural communication skills

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Host-Country ResidenceHost-country advisors/mentors - Provide orientation program:

Reinforce & clarify information from pre-departure program. Language training throughout stay. Income support.

Opportunities to socialize. Has power to send sojourner home early.

Are involved in sojourner's life from first day: Formal meetings and interviews. Providing information and direction.

Engaging in informal discussions and gatherings. Observing individual progress and behavior. Monitoring work place environment and treatment. Asking again and again, Hows it going?

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Returning Home Most critical stage of the sojourn:

Reorientation seminar. Assistance finding employment or financing enterprise start-

ups and obtaining equipment, resources, and information. Advice and help coping emotionally and psychologically with

return.

Mentors to guide reintegration and livelihood buildingactivities: Provide physical, emotional, and mental support Help join social networks. Answer the question Why?

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The Role of the GoTL In conjunction with other state and private sector development

initiatives: Recruit sojourners based on market needs of communities. Find sojourners through community consultation and linkages with

agricultural, vocational, and business association, as well astraining centers.

With understanding of a community's needs: Promote the program. Recruit participants. Prepare pre-departure program. Support host-country residence planning.

Conclude bilateral agreements with receiving states: Make apprenticeships available. Ensure accountability. Guarantee welfare and human rights of sojourners. Inhibit permanent migration.

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The Role of the GoTL

Prepare for the sojourners' return home:

Continue to enact and enforce laws and regulations thatsupport stable and safe working environments.

Continue to develop infrastructure in rural districts. Continue to initiate policies that promoteentrepreneurship.

Begin to create programs that will specifically supportthe sojourners activities in creating a livelihood upontheir return home.

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The Why

SecurityDiplomacy

MilitaryPolice

Social Ser.Emergency

Ser.

Governing BodyExecutive, Legislature, and Judiciary

Communication and Transportation Systems

EducationPre-K to 12

Trade SchoolCollege

UniversityAdult Ed.

Community Org.

EmploymentCottageIndustryBusiness

AgricultureManufacturing

Import/ExportBanking

Human NeedsFood/Water

Housing/UtilitiesWaste Disposal

Health CareEnvironment

Taxes

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Obrigadu barakThank you very much

Mahalo nui loaand

Aloha