2009.07.09 Integrated Facad Design Mark Perepelitza

8/10/2019 2009.07.09 Integrated Facad Design Mark Perepelitza

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Research made possible, in part, by a Van Evera Bailey Fellowship awarded by

The Van Evera and Janet M. Bailey Fund of the Oregon Community Foundation,

in collaboration with the Architecture Foundation of Oregon

Portland Building Enclosure Council / 9 July 2009 / Mark Perepelitza

integrated facadesg per ormance nnova ons rom or ern urope


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basic remise

- protect / connecta fundamental aspect of building is to create shelter but we also need to

- rather than relying on energy consuming mechanical systems to create

comfortable interior environments, the building envelope can manageeating, coo ing, venti ation, an ig ting

- this is a very old approach to building, but its ,

that generate as much as they consume

- climate/energy situationro e o ui ings

- temperate Pacific NW climate has great potential ,

but have also developed advanced strategies

- exterior weather conditions and interior demands are not static, building

enve ope nee s to e a e to respon to ynam c eman s


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addressin human needs

- thermal comfort (temperature and humidity)

- fresh air

- goo ay g t ng eve sa equate g t w t manage g are v sua com ort

- visual connectionsinto and out of buildings

- acoustics

- Northern European approach to addressing human needssupports premisealso shown in observed design strategies


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climate context

warm desert climate

cold desert climate

cold semi-arid climate

warm mediterranean climate

cool continental climate

cold continental climate

warm continental climate / humid continental climate

temperate continental climate / humid continental climate

empera e me erranean c ma e

warm oceanic climate / humid subtropical climate

temperate oceanic climate

cool oceanic climate

warm con nen a c ma e um con nen a c ma e

temperate continental climate / humid continental climate

cool continental climate / subarctic climate


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case study building

deutsche post towerBonn, Germany

high transparency + high performance


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case study building



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case study building

Location: Bonn, Germany Date of completion: 2002

Architect: Murphy/JahnBuilding use: Corporate office headquartersFloor area: 65,323 m2 (gross)

Floor levels: 40 (+3 for mechanical)Facade en ineer: DS PlanEnergy concept: TranssolarLighting consultant: L-PlanMechanical consultant: Brandi Consult GmbHFacade system: Permasteelisa in collaboration with Gartner

Energy use data: 100 kWh/m2/yr (predicted for services & lighting)

Interviews and tour: 25 June 2008, Petra Scheerer, Visitor Services7 u y 2008, omas uer, ransso ar


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case study building

deutsche postBonn, Germany


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case study building



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observations desi n strate ies

1. massing / orientation2. window to wall ratio

orm an sur ace exp ora ons o use ransparency s ra eg ca ysolid/void interplay

3. scrims, screens, and frits

multi-layer assemblies or on surface of insulated glass unit

4. fixed exterior shading horizontal and vertical

5. technological daylighting strategies

6. dynamic exterior solar controlmanual and automated louvers and blinds

7. natural ventilation

8. double skin facades (2nd generation)mprove nsu at on, s a ng n cav ty

9. semi- or un-conditioned atriums

- app ca y or c ma e an pro ec ype

- combinations and variations

- performance potential and issues associated with each strategy


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massing / orientationesign o servation 1

SOKA BAUWiesbaden

Germany


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Housing Amsterdam

window to wall ratioesign o servation 2


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window to wall ratiodesign observation 2


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Philological Library Berlin

window to wall ratiodesign observation 2


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scrims / screens / fritsesign o servation 3


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scrims / screens / fritsdesign observation 3


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xe s a ngdesign observation 4


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design observation 5


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operable

design observation 6German vernacular windows


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operable shadingdesign observation 6


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operable shadingdesign observation 6


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operable shadinges gn o servat on


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vernacular windows Copenhagen

ventilationdesign observation 7


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operable window systems baseline for German office buildings

natural ventilationesign o servation 7


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double skin facadesdesi n observation 8


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semi-conditioned atriumdesi n observation 9


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transparency

energy data generated by COMFEN utilizing EnergyPlus for 20 foot deep perimeter zone in Portland, Oregon climate conditions

the idealized case assumes minimal loss/gain at opaque walls and does not include natural ventilation


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operable exterior solar control

Effective Applicationsp

- although significant barriers are known including cost, durability, andmaintenance for some configurations, dynamic facade strategies have the

otential for si nificant erformance advanta es over static s stems

- performance varies by climate, orientation, building type, and building scale

- to be justified, benefits must outweigh issues

Anticipated Performance Benefits

-

- human factors thermal and visual comfort,

visual connections- program requirements and design intentions


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Evaluating Effectiveness Study Parameters


g y

- simulation tool: COMFEN 2.1 / EnergyPlus 3.0

- output: annual and peak energy use

-view windows from 3 to 8 ft above floor

daylight window from 8 to 11.5 ft above floorwindow-to-wall ratio: 60%

- space mens ons

13 ft floor-to-floor15 ft wide x 30 ft deep

- four facade configurationscase 1: automated exterior venetian blinds

case 2: fixed 30 inch exterior horizontalshade + case 3

case 3: automated interior blinds in

Example of COMFEN monthly energy results

ay g zone casecase 4: (baseline) manual interior venetian blinds fixed at 45


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Parametric Study Preliminary Results


y y

- relative values are telling, not absolute values

- simulation of dynamic systems are challenging due to numerous

variables includin control s stems

Ext. auto blinds Improvementfrom base caseth

35% 34%

.

Int. auto DL blindsInt. manual blinds

Sou

27% 26%

Ext. auto blindst 45% 38% .Int. auto DL blinds

Int. manual blindsWe

21% 19%

Houston Minneapolis


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advanced lazin frames

Overall Window System Thermal Resistance

- U-value for t ical to ver ood U.S. aluminum with thermal break:0.50 to 0.35 (R-2 to 3) Btu/hr ft2 F

- European U-value range: 0.24 to 0.21 (R-4 to 5)

- Next eneration 2 ears? : 0.12 R-8 Btu/hr ft2 F

Frame Materials

- T ical: aluminum with thermal break

- Improved: wood (U-0.19 to 0.12) Btu/hr ft2 Ffiber reinforced polymers (FRP)

Glazing Assemblies

- Typical: Insulated double pane, low-e coating, air in cavity- mprove : ner gas argon or vacuum n cav y, a . e ge spacer

- Multi-pane units: glass, film, or rigid plastics

More info from LBNL

- http://windows.lbl.gov/adv_sys


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wood curtainwalldouble skin assemblies


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case studies ultra low energy buildings

Federal Environmental Agencyy

Dessau, GermanySauerbruch Hutton

Zibell, Willner, & Partner Engineers

SOKA BAUOKA BAU

Headquarters, Wiesbaden, GermanyThomas HerzogIngenieurbro Hauslauden

Arup Fitzroviarup Fitzrovia

Phase 2 Headquarters LondonSheppard Robson

Wessex Water

Operations Center Bath, UKBennett ArchitectsBuro Happold

Heelis National Trust

Headquarters Swindon, UKFeilden Clegg BradleyMax Fordham


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case studies double skin buildingsHet Kasteel

Housing - AmsterdamHVDN

Deutsche Post Tower

Headquarters Bonn, GermanyMurphy Jahn Architects

Transsolar / DS Plan

PRISMA

Office Building Frankfurt, GermanyAuer Weber Architects

ransso ar

NORD/LB

Headquarters Hannover, GermanyBehnisch ArchitectsTranssolar / Ingenieurbro Gierke

Lufthansa Aviation Center

Frankfurt, GermanyIngenhoven Architects

Werner Sobek / Baumgartner / HL Technik

RWE Headquarters

Essen German

Ingenhoven ArchitectsBuro Happold / HL Technik

i


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case studies double skin buildings

London City Hall

Research Headquarters - LondonFoster & Associates

Mnchner Tor

Office building Munich, Germany

Allmann Sattler WappnerTranssolar / Schmidt Reuter Partner Office

KfW Headquarters

Frankfurt, Germany

Transsolar

Deutsche Messe

ea quar ers annover, ermanyThomas HerzogIngenieurbro Hauslauden

GSW Headquarters

BerlinSauerbruch Hutton

Arup / ARGE

di


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case studies low energy buildings

DWS Carr Mainzer LandestraeOffice / Housing - FrankfurtBothe Richter Tehrani ArchitektenIngenieurgesellschaft Ridder und Meyn

Jakob Kaiser Haus 2

Schweger + Partnerc m t euter ngen eurgese sc a t

Philological Library

BerlinFoster & AssociatesSchmidt Reuter, PIN Ingenieure

Nordic Countries Embassies

Berlinerger ar nen

IGH, Ingenieurgesellschaft Hpfner

restad College

Sports facility Copenhagen3XNSren Jensen A/S


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case s u y u ng

umweltbundesamtFederal Environmental Agency,


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case s u y u ng

umweltbundesamtFederal Environmental Agency,

case study building


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case study building

Project name: Federal Environment Agency Location: Dessau, Germany Date of completion: 2005

Architect: Sauerbruch HuttonFloor area: 40,000 m2

Floor levels: 4

Ener conce t: Zibell Willner & PartnerMechanical consultant: Zibell, Willner & PartnerFacade system: Ertte Stahl-und Metallbau GmbH

(Metal and Glass curtain wall) Brakel-Aero GmbH

Energy use data: 73.1 kWh/m2/yr (see attached energy certificate)

Interviews and tour: 1 July 2008, Heiko Weissbach, Sauerbruch Hutton Architects, Berlin3 July 2008, Birgitt Heinicke, Assistant to UBA President, Dessau

case study buildingcase study building


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case study building


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case s u y u ng

umweltbundesamt


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case s u y u ng

umweltbundesamt


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l i ?


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conclusions ?

- beyond performance, building envelopes designedto respond to dynamic interior & exterior conditions

- Northern European strategies, such as operable

exterior solar control, are relevant for the PacificNort west, ut are est use se ective y

- performance potential relies not just on well- ,

commissioning and proper operations

http://betterbricks.com/design/integratedfacades

questions / comments

[email protected]

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2009.07.09 Integrated Facad Design Mark Perepelitza

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