2010 Decadal Review ofNuclear Physics: NP2010Nuclear Physics: NP2010
Recent developments achievements and plansRecent developments, achievements, and plans
National Research CouncilDivision on Engineering and Physical Sciences
Board on Physics and Astronomy (BPA)Michael Wiescher
University of Notre Dane
The Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science 2007Recent Developments and Projections Committee Plans for NP2010Committee Plans for NP2010
NSAC Long Range Plan
A five year plan organized andformulated by the communitythrough NSAC, advising DOE &NSF on science & developmentNSF on science & developmentpriorities in Nuclear Physics!
Selecting organizing & writing committeesTown meetings for sub‐communitiesNSAC meeting for entire communityNSAC meeting for entire communityWrite‐up of reportPresentation of report to NSACPresentation of report to agencies
NSAC Science Questions
NSAC Recommendations
The JLaB 12 GeV Program
Major Programs in Four Areas:
• The experimental study of the confinement of quarks – one of the outstanding questions of the 21st century physics
• Dramatic improvements in our knowledge of the fundamental quark‐gluon structure of the nuclear building blocks
• Further exploration of the limits of our understanding of nuclei in terms of nucleons and the N‐N force
• Precision experiments with sensitivity to TeVscale physics beyond the Standard Model
• And other science we can’t• And other science we can t foresee Larry Cardman (J‐Lab)
The JLaB 12 GeV Up‐Grade
Doubles accelerator energy from 6 GeV to 12 GeVAdds a new experimental hall D with a major new detector (GlueX)I t ll d t t i t f th t h ll (CLAS 12 & SHMS)Installs new detectors in two of the present halls (CLAS‐12 & SHMS)
Project Funding and Construction Underway since DOE approval in November 2008 (6 year construction project)First 12 GeV beam for physics in late 2014
Achievements at RHIC
New developments since 2007 LRP:
1st f l i l t ti f t h tiRHIC(PHOBOS)10:00 o’clock
Jet Target12:00 o’clock (BRAHMS)
2:00 o’clock1st–ever successful implementation of stochastic cooling of bunched high‐energy beams
Substituted stochastic for electron cooling
RHIC
PHENIX8:00 o’clock RF
2:00 o’clock
to save ~$80M & 5 years on RHIC luminosity upgrade vis‐à‐vis LRP ‐‐ complete by 2012
Suite of detector upgrades in progress
NSRLLINAC
Booster
STAR6:00 o’clock
4:00 o’clock
EBIS
Suite of detector upgrades in progress to enhance sensitivity to rare processes, to improve data rates, suppress backgrounds
Reached 500 GeV polarized proton collisions
AGS
Reached 500 GeV polarized proton collisions to launch W‐boson production probe of antiquarkcontributions to proton spin
Tandems
Steve Vigdor (BNL)
Plans for RHIC physics
Up‐grade of PHENIX & STAR
Increase of RHIC luminosityIncrease of RHIC luminosity
US participation in heavy ion program at LHC at CERN with the detectors ALICE
Relativistic heavy ion beam experiments at FAIR/GSIexperiments at FAIR/GSI
LHC Accelerator at CERN
Long range plans e‐RHIC
MeRHIC and eRHIC @ BNL
MEIC and EIC @ JLab
250 GeV p↑100 GeV/A 10 30 GeV e↑
Beam dump
Pol. electronsourceeRHIC
detectorAdditionallinac
100 GeV/A Au,U
10 … 30 GeV e↑
p
eRHIC
MeRHIC+ detector
Coherent e-cooling
eRHIC
PHENIX
2 x 200 m SRF 2 x 200 m SRF linaclinac
~ 4 GeV per pass~ 4 GeV per pass
To Investigate:5 vertically separated
STAR
go The gluon structure of mattero The 3D structure of hadronso Physics beyond the Standard Model
recirculation passes in RHIC tunnel
Physics at FRIB
Properties of nucleonic matter– Classical domain of nuclear science
– Many‐body quantum problem: intellectual overlap to mesoscopicscience – how to understand the world from simple building blocks
Nuclear processes in the universe– Energy generation in stars, (explosive) nucleo‐synthesis
– Properties of neutron stars, EOS of asymmetric nuclear matter
Tests of fundamental symmetries– Effects of symmetry violations are
amplified in certain nuclei
Societal applications and benefits– Bio‐medicine, energy, material
sciences, national securitysciences, national security
Konrad Gelbke (NSCL/MSU)
Developments at FRIB
FRIB site decision has been made in spring 2009 in favor of MSU
Driver linac capable of E/A ≥ 200 MeV for all ions, Pbeam ≥ 400 kWEasy to implement upgrade options (tunnel can house E/A = 400 MeV uranium driver linac, ISOL, multi-user capability …)
Schedule for FRIB
• Technical choices will be reexamined with science community input, peer review, DOE review and approval
– Possible choices (a.k.a. alternatives) will be documented in a Conceptual Design CD‐1 ( ) p gReport (CDR) together with the preferred alternatives indicated. The CDR is subject to DOE approval
– Following Preliminary Engineering and Design, FRIB will have performance baseline( h d l ) d fi d hi b li i bj O l
CD‐2(scope, cost, schedule) defined. This baseline is subject to DOE approval.
– After detailed design, project starts construction (subject to DOE approval)
– Pre‐operations after construction leads to project completion (subject to DOE approval)
CD‐3CD‐4
approval)
Feb 2004 Q3 2010 Q3 2012 Q3 2013 > Sep 2017
Physics at DUSEL
Kevin Lesko (LBNL)
Achievements at DUSEL4850 ft level reached, 1st level of experimental facilities
S4 decisions by NSF for 9 design grants in
Developments at DUSEL
Three one –level lab modules and one two lab module are planned for initial experiments at the 4850 ft level
Primary experiments in discussion:DIANA and low level counting facility
Subject to approval by NSF, DOE science council
Schedule for DUSEL
International Situation in accelerator based efforts
HRIBF
International Situation in underground efforts
Roadmap for existing and planned underground laboratories with the size of the boxcorresponding to the relative space for experiments at each depth. These facilities aretypically shared or primarily funded by other disciplines such as particle astrophysics.
Internationalization
The growth in project size and costs may requireprioritization and/or internationalization of effortsprioritization and/or internationalization of efforts
Hadron Physics at MAMI (Germany), J‐PARC (Japan) , GSI/FAIR (Germany)
RHIC Physics at LHC (Europe), GSI/FAIR (Germany)
RIB Physics at RIKEN (Japan) ISAC II (Canada) GANIL (France) GSI/FAIR (Germany)RIB Physics at RIKEN (Japan), ISAC II (Canada), GANIL (France), GSI/FAIR (Germany)
Neutrino Physics at Gran Sasso (Italy), SNO (Canada), Daya Bay (China),
Fundamental Symmetries at PSI (Switzerland)
Should that trend be strengthened or complementedShould that trend be strengthened or complemented by stronger US efforts in certain areas?
Nuclear Physics at NIF
192 high power laser driven high temperature (~20 MK), high density (1000 g/cm3), shorttime scale (1 ns) experiments. In 2010, NIF will begin experiments on hydrogen fueledcapsules. Goals: applications, nuclear astrophysics, plasma physics, extreme matterp pp , p y , p p y ,physics.
Concept and Plans at NIF
1 shot per day
Laser ignition fusion
First shots being successfully made! Main goal is to develop the diagnostics for future experiments in nuclear astrophysics, dense matter hydro‐ physics, plasma physics, and neutron production for LIFE!
Long Range Plan at NIF
From NIF to LIFENational Ignition Facility at LLNL
1019 neutron/shotTo Laser Induced Fusion Energy
A shot rate of 15Hz will produce a sufficientproduce a sufficient neutron flux for driving a subcritical fission
treactor
NP2010 Committee
NP1999 Schiffer Report (14 members)
1. The Structures of the Nuclear Building Blocks 2 Th St t f N l i2. The Structure of Nuclei 3. Matter at Extreme Densities 4. The Nuclear Physics of the Universe 5 Symmetry Tests in Nuclear Physics5. Symmetry Tests in Nuclear Physics 6. The Tools of Nuclear Physics 7. Nuclear Physics and Society
Requirements & Considerations for NP2010
max of 18 Members of NP2010 Committee6 sub‐fields of NP to be covered2‐3 experts per sub‐field, 1 theoristMinority & gender issues to be consideredMinority & gender issues to be consideredInternational representatives required
NP2010 CommitteeQuark structure of nucleus:Betsy Beise (Maryland) ‐ former NSF program directorLarry Cardman (JLab) ‐ NSAC experienceDavid Kaplan (UWash) – Director Institute for Nuclear TheoryDavid Kaplan (UWash) – Director, Institute for Nuclear TheoryBack‐up:David Herzog (U. Illinois)Dirk Walecka (William and Mary)
RHIC/Quark matter:Barbara Jacak (Stony Brook, NAS) –NSAC experience, NP1999Volker Koch (LBNL) – theoristSteve Vigdor (BNL) – Director of RHIC NP1999Steve Vigdor (BNL) Director of RHIC, NP1999Back‐up:Krishna Rajagopal (MIT) – theoristBill Zajc (Columbia) – Head of Phenix experiment, NSAC experience
Nuclear Structure PhysicsAni Aprahamian (U. Notre Dame) ‐ former NSF program director, NSAC experienceBrad Sherrill (NSCL MSU) ‐ Radioactive beam physics, NSAC experienceWitek Nazarewicz (U Tenn/ORNL) – theorist NSAC experience NP1999Witek Nazarewicz (U. Tenn/ORNL) theorist, NSAC experience, NP1999Back‐up:Dick Furnstahl (Ohio State) ‐ theoristRainer Kruecken (TU Munich, Germany) ‐ representing German initiatives
NP2010 Committee
Fundamental PhysicsBrad Filippone (Caltech) –NSAC experience, NP1999Stuart Freedman (UC Berkeley) NSAC, NP1999Wick Haxton (now UC Berkeley) NSAC, NP1999, (may not be available), Back‐up:pJohn Beacom (Ohio State)Steve Elliot (LANL)Hamish Robertson (U. Washington)
N l A h iNuclear AstrophysicsKarlheinz Langanke (GSI Darmstadt) – Science Director GSI, theorist (may not be available)Hendrik Schatz (NSCL/MSU) – NSAC experienceMichael Wiescher (U. Notre Dame) ‐ BPA representative( ) pBack‐up:Jim Truran (U. Chicago, ANL)George Fuller (UC San Diego)Yong Qian (U. Minnesota)g Q ( )
NP2010 Committee
Nuclear Physics ApplicationsWalter Kutschera (Vienna) – forensics and analytical applicationsTom Ruth (TRIUMF, Canada) ‐ biomedical applicationsSteve Wenders (LANL) ‐ nuclear energy/ transmutationBack‐up: Ed Hartouni (LLNL) ‐ nuclear forensicsEd Hartouni (LLNL) nuclear forensicsSusan Seestrom (LANL) – homeland securityAnna Hayes (LANL)
Education & Societal ImpactJolie Cizewski (Rutgers) ‐ homeland security applications, NSAC education study
Possible committee chairs:Possible committee chairs:
Wick Haxton (UC Berkeley) declinedStuart Freedman (UC Berkeley)Brad Filippone (CalTech) declinedBrad Filippone (CalTech) declinedWitek Nazarewicz (U.Tenn, ORNL)