2011 Census Analysis programme

aims, analyses released so far & upcoming plans

Mike Smith

Coordination Coordination & Analysis& Analysis

Labour Labour Market & Market & HousingHousing

Regional & Regional & Travel to Travel to

WorkWork

Population & Population & DemographyDemography

Ethnicity, Ethnicity, Identity, Identity,

Religion and Religion and LanguageLanguage

Health & Health & Unpaid Unpaid

CareCare

Aims of the work programme

Maximising the benefits of Census 2011

• Produce timely and relevant census analyses• Aid understanding and interpretation of census data• Improve the usability of Census 2011• Provide a springboard for analyses by other organisations• Inform government policy and public debate

• Establish a Centre for Census Analysis• One-stop shop for Census Analyses by ONS and other

organisations

Produce timely and relevant census analyses

• Groundwork for analysis laid during 2011 Census consultation

• In-depth consultation including sharing of initial analysis plans• User Consultation - the known, knowns• Word of mouth - the known, unknowns • Internet discussion forums - the unknown, unknowns!

• Ongoing discussions to meet evolving public debate and policy landscape• Regular meetings with academia, OGDs, local government• Workshops held annually across England and Wales to discuss plans &

requirements with users

• 61 Publications since December 2012 – averaging around 3 per month

Finding our analyses

General Health

General HealthA useful indicator of general well-being and health-related quality of life

Ethnic variations in General Health and unpaid careInequality in general heath and in the provision of unpaid care between ethnic groupsThe largest health gaps between socio-economic groups are found in big citiesIslington had the largest health gaps for both men and women

Strong relationship between health and area deprivationHighest percentages of ‘Good’ health clustered to the south and west of London in 2011

Healthy Life ExpectancyVariation across Clinical Care Commissioning Groups

The link between disadvantage and health status is strongest amongst the middle agedHealth and disability in the most and least disadvantaged areas in England

Snapshot81.2 % of people reported ‘Good’ Health

15.5% gap in ‘Good’ health between Hart (88.1%) and Blaenau Gwent (72.6%)

18 to 20 year gap in Healthy Life Expectancy (HLE) across NHS Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs)

NHS Guildford and Waverley; 70.3 years for males and 71.3 for females

NHS Bradford City; 52.5 years for males and 51.6 for females

Disability

DisabilityActivity limiting health problems or disabilities

The proportion of people reporting that their activities were limitedAround a fifth of residents reported they had some form of activity limitation in 2011

Severe Disabilities may be restricting people’s access to top jobs and careersHigher managerial and professional occupations had the lowest proportion of workers with severe disabilities in 2011

What does the 2011 census tell us about health and disability?How age and area influence 'Good' health among disabled people.

Females live longer than males but spend a longer proportion of their lives with a disabilityPeople in the South of England have higher disability-free life expectancy than those in the North

Snapshot

10 Million+ with Activity Limiting Illness in England and Wales

Lowest in Wandsworth (11.2%), highest in Neath and Port Talbot (28.0%)

Higher rates of disability in class 7 (routine) compared to class 1 (managerial and professional) occupations

15 to 16 year gap in Disability Free Life Expectancy across NHS Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs)

Social Care

Unpaid CareThe number of unpaid carers and the extent of care they provide

Gender gap in unpaid careProvision of unpaid care and how this varied by sex, age, region and economic activity

Providing unpaid care may have an adverse affect on young carers healthUnpaid care provision by 5 to 17-year-olds

Unpaid Care expectancies across Clinical Commissioning GroupsNew insight into different patterns of care provision by men and women across geographical areas

Changes in the Older Resident Care Home Population between 2001 and 2011Small changes in the numbers hide an underlying shift in the age structure and sex of this population

Snapshot

More than 1 in 10 provide unpaid care

Lowest in Wandsworth (6.5%), highest in Neath and Port Talbot (14.6%)

The majority (58%) of unpaid carers were women

Carers are themselves more likely to be in ‘Not Good’ health

Young unpaid carers providing care for 50 or more hours a week were up to 5.9 times more likely than those providing no care to report ‘Not Good’ general health

Social Care

Unpaid Care expectancies across Clinical Commissioning GroupsNew insight into different patterns of care provision by men and women across geographical areas

Older People and Alternative Populations

What does the Census tell us about Older People?The characteristics of older people (those aged 65 and over)

The workday Population of England and WalesThe workday population by age, sex and geographical breakdown

What does the Census tell us about the Oldest Old?The characteristics of people aged 85 and over

The Out of Term Population of England and WalesCompares Out-of-Term and usual resident populations

Analysis of the Workplace PopulationWorkplace location, including use of the new workplace zone geography

Snapshot

1 million more people aged 65 and above in 2011 compared to 2001 – proportion remained stable at 16%

The population aged 85 and over increased by a quarter of a million, to 1.25 million

The workday population increased 56 fold in City of London - Increases in excess of 100,000 were seen in Westminster, City of London, Camden, Tower Hamlets and Manchester

49% of the workplace population in London had a level 4 (degree) qualification or higher

Leeds, Manchester, Nottingham and Sheffield had out of term populations more than 20,000 lower than their usually resident populations

Families and Households

FamiliesData on Families and Households

Childbearing of UK and Non-UK born womenFertility patterns for specific non-UK countries of birth

What does the Census tell us about Concealed Families living in multi-family households?A summary of concealed families

How have Living Arrangements and Marital Status changed since 2001?Marital status and Living Arrangements

Stepfamilies, 2011Stepfamilies and children in stepfamilies

Households and Household CompositionA summary of households and usual residents living in households

How do Living Arrangements, Family Type and Family Size vary?The distribution of family types and the interaction with family size.

Dependant Children with a Parental Second AddressDependent children who shared their time between two different parental addresses

Snapshot

23.4 million households in 2011

90% of lone parent households were headed by a woman

11% of couple families with dependant children had at least one stepchild

Average Household size has remained fairly stable over the last thirty years, 2.36 people in England and 2.31 in Wales

Concealed families (families living in multi-family households with the primary family) increased by 70% between 2001 and 2011 – most common in Brent and Newham at approx. 10%

Families and Households

How have Living Arrangements and Marital Status changed since 2001?Marital status and Living Arrangements

Housing

HousingA century of home ownership and renting in England and Wales

Home Ownership and Renting in England and WalesAn examination of housing tenure by size of household, number of bedrooms and characteristics of the household reference person (HRP)

Census Suggests over 1.1 million households in England and Wales were overcrowdedCensus analysis on occupancy ratings by household type

Household Overcrowding and Under-Occupation by Ethnic GroupComparison of Bedroom Occupancy Rating data for different Ethnic Groups of Household Representative Person

Snapshot

Home ownership has risen from just 23% in 1918 to 64% in 2011 – although the peak was in 2001 at 69%

Social renting peaked at 36% in 1981, but was equal to private renting at 18% in 2011

1.1 million households were overcrowded in 2011. In Newham, more than a quarter were overcrowded

Excluding London, 70% of all households had at least one spare bedroom

Bangladeshi ‘s had a higher proportion of overcrowded households than any other ethnic group.

Ethnicity, National Identity and Language

Ethnicity and National IdentityEngland and Wales has become more ethnically diverse with rising numbers of people identifying with minority ethnic groups in 2011

Gypsy or Irish Travellers Smallest Ethnic Minority at 58,000Census analysis looks at how Gypsy or Irish Travellers live in England and Wales

LanguageOver 9 in 10 people reported English (English or Welsh in Wales) as their main language in March 2011

Those proficient in English are more likely to report ‘Good’ Health2011 Census analysis of English language proficiency in England and Wales

People who could not speak English well or at all had a lower level of employmentEnglish language proficiency in the labour market

What does the 2011 Census tell us about Inter-Ethnic relationships9% of people who were living as part of a couple were in an inter-ethnic relationship in England and Wales in 2011

Snapshot

Gypsy or Irish Travellers were the smallest ethnic group (with a tick box) (58,000 people)

22% of people in London had a main language other than English

Almost 9% of people in Newham could not speak English well or at all People who were ‘non-proficient’ in English had worse self-rated health

Almost 45% of people who were ‘non-proficient’ in English were economically inactive compared to 22% amongst those with English as main language

Religion

ReligionChristianity remains the largest religion in England and Wales in 2011

What does the census tell us about Religion in 2011Changing religious affiliations in England and Wales

Snapshot

59% of usual resident population were Christian - a fall of 12 percentage points since 2001

Almost 81% of people in Knowsley were Christian.

5% were Muslim, a 2 percentage point increase since 2001

More than a third (34.5%) of people in Tower Hamlets were Muslim

25% reported no religion, a 10 percentage point increase since 2001

More than 42% of people in Norwich reported no religion.

Migration

International MigrantsDifferent types of migrants and their socio-economic outcomes, down to low geographic levels

Non-UK born short-term residentsData on non-UK born short-term residents (STRs) from the 2011 Census for England and Wales

Immigration patterns of Non-UK born populationsThe immigration patterns of non-UK born residents of England and Wales using 2011 and historic census data

Internal and International Migration of Older ResidentsPeople Aged 65 and Over who were living at a different address one year prior to the census

Country of Birth and Nationality analysisTwo key measures of the migrant population of England and Wales, specifically country of birth and passports held

Economic and Social Characteristics by nationality and country of birthEconomic activity, occupation and industry, qualifications, English language proficiency, housing tenure and health of foreign passport-holders and those born abroad

Snapshot

13%, 7.5 million usual residents were born outside of the UK

The ten local authorities with the highest proportions of both non-UK born and non-UK nationals in their resident population were London boroughs

55% of Short term residents were full time students

38% of foreign nationals were qualified at level 4+ (degree or higher) compared to 29% of UK nationals

Migration

Immigration patterns of Non-UK born populationsThe immigration patterns of non-UK born residents of England and Wales using 2011 and historic

census data

Labour Market and Qualifications

Labour MarketDifferences in labour market indicators between the 2011 Census and the LFS

170 Years of Industrial ChangeHow the proportion of people employed in different industries has changed since 1841 and some of the factors driving it

Labour Market ParticipationLocal area analysis using the 2011 Census

Qualifications, comparison of 2011 Census and APS/LFSDifferences in qualifications estimates between the 2011 Census and the Annual Population Survey/Labour Force Survey

Over 4 in 10 aged 25 to 34 had a degree level or above qualificationHighest level of qualifications in England and Wales in 2011

Characteristics of Home Workers across the UKHome workers in the UK using data from the Labour Force Survey, the Annual Population Survey and the 2011 Census

Fewer than half of those with no qualifications were in EmploymentCensus analysis of the value of different levels of qualification in the labour market

Snapshot

In 1841, 36% of workforce was in Manufacturing and 33% in Services. In 2011, just 9% worked in manufacturing and 81% in Services

More than a quarter of residents of Blenau Gwent and Merthyr Tydfil had no qualifications

67% of people in Eden were employed despite having no qualifications, compared to 30% employment amongst this group in Tower Hamlets

5 areas with the greatest proportion of people with a level 4+ (degree or higher) qualification were in London

Travel to Work and other geographical analyses

Travel to WorkExamines the key findings from the 2011 Census on methods of travel to work in England and Wales for the working population aged 16 to 74

National ParksThe 2011 Census provides an insight into the characteristics of the 13 national parks in England and Wales

Characteristics of Built-Up AreasComparing characteristics of usual residents and households in built-up and non built-up areas

Commuters Travelling Longer Distances to WorkThe distance travelled to work by commuters and changing commuting patterns

The Rural Population of England and Wales was 10.3 Million in 2011Analysis of rural-urban characteristics

Growth in Cycling in the Major CitiesLooks at who cycles to work, in what parts of country, and changes since 2001

Commuting Patterns in the UKExploring the census 2011 origin-destination data

Snapshot

57.5% of the working population drive to work

Newham had the highest proportion commuting to work by public transport (65.5%)

Average commuting distances increased from 13.4km in 2001 to 15.0km in 2011

Cycling to work more than doubled in Inner London and Brighton and Hove between 2001 and 2011 More than 1 in 8 household spaces in National Parks had no usual residents (holiday homes, second residences etc)

Portishead had highest employment rate (81%)

Coastal CommunitiesKey Data on 273 Coastal Communities

Key Points

• There were 4 tweets on the release posted from the ONS channel. In total these received 14 retweets and they resulted in 75 ‘click throughs’ to the ONS website. The link to the infographic received more clicks (47) than the release (25)• The link to the ONS release was also the most popular link that featured in other users tweets, with some tweets (such as Mark Easton’s) including a chart from the release

Social Media metrics

Ethnic variations in general health & unpaid care provision

Future Analysis Plans

Story title

The North of England Social and economic characteristics by length of residence of migrant populations in England and Wales

Ethnicity in the Labour Market Communal Establishments – Care Home populations by LA

Internal and international migration for the UK in the year prior to the 2011 Census Living alone

General health by occupancy rating Residents with work related second addresses

Immigrants' Socioeconomic integration and language Communal Establishments: demographic analysis

Investigating Population Growth 2001-2011 by Urban Area Commuting at local levels

Industrial Structure and Clusters Disability in the workplace: A comparison with 2001

Economic activity of people at or over State Pension Age (SPA)

A series of analyses; Health, Labour Market & Housing, exploiting the Longitudinal Study

Census Analysis Resource

How to link in your analyses

• Contact the census analysis team• census.analysis.inbox@ons.gsi.gov.uk• Please provide:

• Link to the website• Short synopsis of the piece of analytical work

Census Analysis Contacts

Central Team michael.p.smith@ons.gsi.gov.ukcensus.analysis.inbox@ons.gsi.gov.uk

Analysis leads

Health and Social Carechris.white@ons.gsi.gov.uk

Labour market incl. housing & qualificationsmatthew.penfold@ons.gsi.gov.uk

Ethnicity, Identity, Religion & LanguageAngela.potter-collins@ons.gsi.gov.uk

Population and migrationchris.w.smith@ons.gsi.gov.uk

Regional and travel to workrichard.prothero@ons.gsi.gov.uk