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Civil Engineering ConstructionChapter 3
Formwork System
Dr Mohamad Syazli Fathi
Department of Civil EngineeringUTM Razak School of Engineering &Advanced Technology
UTM International Campus
July 15, 2012
Choosing the RIGHTgFormwork System!
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Why worry about the Choice of
Forming System?
7/15/2012 29Chek Lap Kok Airport (Hong Kong)
Concrete Frame Costs
Formwork: 50 - 70%
Concrete: 15Concrete: 15 25%25%
7/15/2012 30Petronas Tower
Rebar: 15 Rebar: 15 -- 25%25%
Concrete: 15 Concrete: 15 -- 25%25%
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Formwork Cost
Other: 10Other: 10 -- 15%15%
Labor: 50 - 70%
Material: 15 Material: 15 -- 20%20%Other: 10 Other: 10 15%15%
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What Choices Do I Have?
Let’s focus on:
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• Walls• Slabs• Columns
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Wall Forming
WallsWalls
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WallsWalls–– Loose FramingLoose Framing–– Prefabricated PanelsPrefabricated Panels–– Crane Set GangsCrane Set Gangs
Wall Systems (Loose Framing)
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Wall Systems (Prefabricated Panels)
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Prefab Steel Panel Prefab Alum. PanelPrefab Alum. Panel
Prefabricated Panels
• are durable for many reusesare durable for many reuses• simplify and reduce the labor required• studs and sheathing are preassembled in units
small enough to be handled• panels are set into position and tied together• wales, ties, and braces are then attached
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wales, ties, and braces are then attached• made of wood, metal, plywood with metal
bracing, or glass fiber and plastic over wood
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Prefabricated Panels
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Aluminum Panel
Wall Systems (Ganged Panel Forms)
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Ganged Panel Forms
• ranging up to 30x50 ft• ranging up to 30x50 ft• large panels can be assembled flat on the
ground where it is easier to work• stripping is easier (stripped as a unit)• extra bracing is required to withstand the
h dli t
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handling stresses• are frequently used as “climbing” forms in
high wall construction• small panels can be ganged together to form
larger units
7/15/2012 40Aluminum Beam Gang Systems
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Wall Systems
7/15/2012 41Steel Panel Gang Systems
7/15/2012 42Steel Crane Set Gangs
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7/15/2012 43Shearwall Roll Back System
Shear Wall Roll Back System
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Slipform Construction• vertical slipforms are moved upward by jacks• can be used for structures such as silos and forcan be used for structures such as silos, and for
high rise elevator and stairway cores• working decks and finisher’s scaffolds are
attached to and carried up with the forms• has shorter construction time
i t f t t t ll th 40 ft
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• appropriate for structures taller than 40 ft• not efficient where there are many projections to
the direction of slide
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Vertical SlipformsVertical Slipforms
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One-sided Wall Form
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7/15/2012 50Slab Shoring• Loose Wood Framing• Steel or Aluminum Shoring• Flying Forms
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Hand-set Wood Shoring
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Steel shoring with aluminum beams
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Aluminum shoring with aluminum beams
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Flying Forms (truss-supported)
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Flying Form (column-mounted)
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Flying Form (column-mounted)
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Tunnel Forms
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Forms wall and slab together
Garage Beam Forms
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Panelized system for garage beams and slabs
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Column Forming
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• Columns– Loose Framing– Hand-set Panels– Crane Set Gangs
Column Forms
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Hand-set Steel Panel HandHand--set Aluminum set Aluminum PanelPanel
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Column Forms
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Round FiberglassRound FiberglassColumn Forms Column Forms
Column Forms
7/15/2012 62Steel Column Forms Steel Column Forms
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Column Forms
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Aluma Beam Column Forms Aluma Beam Column Forms
Custom Forms
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Custom Forms
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Choices
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Nothing else withstanding, the choice is always….
GANG PANELS!
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Factors in the Choice
• What you own• Availability• Initial price• Total cost
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• Total cost
Factors in the Choice
• Experience of workers• Experience of workers• What will produce the desired results
with the least amount of cost?
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Factors in the Choice• Number of uses• Desired finish• Site conditions
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Factors in the Choice• Crane• Schedule• Building design
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Factors in the ChoiceFactors in the Choice
The Supplier:The Supplier:History with similar projectsHistory with similar projectsEngineering expertiseEngineering expertiseSupport servicesSupport servicesKnowledge of support personnelKnowledge of support personnel
pppp
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g pp pg pp pLocationLocation
Buy vs. Rent
• Duration of project• Future usage• Cash flow• Return on investment
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Steel radius wall forms
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TheThe
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TheThe
EndEnd
