Date post: | 08-Jul-2015 |
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DANIEL SMITH ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY
YOUR MICROBIOTA
10 bacterial cells for
every human cell.
Human health is
dependent on
microbiota
YOUR MICROBIOTA
Science, 2009
YOUR MICROBIOTA
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2011
YOUR HOME’S MICROBIOME
YOUR HOME’S MICROBIOME
Building-specific seasonal patterns in
bacteria found on dust.
In-progress research is exploring the
microbial communities of several locations
in houses: kitchen surfaces (including inside
the refrigerator), tv screens, pillows, the
water inside of water heaters, etc, etc.
INTERACTION OF MICROBIOMES
Human shed about 1.5 millions cells per
hour, along with their associated 15
million bacteria cells.
Direct contact can transfer millions of
cells in each event.
INTERACTION OF MICROBIOMES
There is a lack of evidence regarding how
rapidly the human skin microbiota is
transferred to the surfaces of the homes in
which we live.
Hypotheses:
Microbes from the occupant are transferred rapidly
to the home and replace existing communities.
The occupant’s microbiome is reflected by the
home’s microbiome.
Bacteria on surfaces will be most similar to the
bacteria on the body parts that come into contact
with it.
WHEN BIOMES COLLIDE
+ = ?
FIELD STUDY
Monitoring the home and human microbiota
of relocating “citizen scientists”.
SAMPLING
Human:
Palm of hand
Heel of foot
Inside of nose
House:
Kitchen countertop
Kitchen floor
Kitchen light switch
Bedroom floor
Front door knob
Bathroom door knob
HOME METADATA
Type of paint on walls
Countertop material
Type of flooring
Light intensity
HVAC system
Pets in household
Square footage
DAILY METADATA
Placed five-minute interval data loggers in
the bathroom, kitchen, and bedroom to
track:
Relative Humidity
Temperature
Dew Point
Participants also
fill out the form at
right each time
they collect
samples.
DATA LOGGER DATA Temperature Rel. Humidity Dew Point
Bathroom
Bedroom
Kitchen
76 RH
65 RH
54 RH
43 RH
32 RH
47 RH
38 RH
28 RH
40 RH
32 RH
24 RH
36 °C
28 °C
20 °C
12 °C
4 °C
20 °C
12 °C
4 °C
20 °C
12 °C
4 °C
ANALYSIS
PCR-Amplify 16S rDNA V4-V5 Region
↓
Sequence 150bp x2 (paired end)
↓
QIIME Phylogenetic Assignment
↓
Principle Coordinate Analysis
ALPHA DIVERSITY
ALPHA DIVERSITY
Most Diverse: Nose, hand, and hand-
contact surfaces in house #1.
Most Diverse House: House 1, followed by
2, then 3.
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Foot
Kitchen_Counter
Nose
Bedroom_Floor
Hand
Bathroom_Door_Knob
Kitchen_Light_Switch
Kitchen_Floor
Bathroom_Floor
Front_Door_Knob
Observed Species (average)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
HOUSE 1 RESULTS
Foot Nose Hand
Bedroom
Floor
Kitchen
Floor
Kitchen
Counter
Kitchen
Light
Switch
Bathroom
Door Knob
Front Door
Knob
% T
ota
l P
op
ula
tion
%
Tota
l P
op
ula
tion
Tim
e
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
1 5 9 13
Staphylococcaceae
Mycoplasmataceae
Moraxellaceae (A)
Corynebacteriaceae
Streptophyta
Moraxellaceae (B)
Streptococcaceae
Actinomycetales
Pseudomonadaceae
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
HOUSE 2 RESULTS
Foot Nose Hand Foot Nose Hand
Person 1 Person 2
Bedroom
Floor
Kitchen
Floor
Kitchen
Counter
Kitchen
Light
Switch
Bathroom
Door Knob
Front Door
Knob
0%
50%Staphylococcaceae Mycoplasmataceae Moraxellaceae (A)
Corynebacteriaceae Streptophyta Moraxellaceae (B)
Streptococcaceae Actinomycetales Pseudomonadaceae
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
HOUSE 3 RESULTS
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Bedroom
Floor
Kitchen
Floor
Kitchen
Counter
Kitchen
Light
Switch
Bathroom
Door Knob
Front Door
Knob
Foot Nose
Person 1
Foot Nose Hand
Person 2
Foot Nose Hand
Person 3
Hand
0%
50%Staphylococcaceae Mycoplasmataceae Moraxellaceae (A)
Corynebacteriaceae Streptophyta Moraxellaceae (B)
Streptococcaceae Actinomycetales Pseudomonadaceae
3D PRINCIPLE COORDINATE
PLOTS
HAND MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES
Individuals from
different houses Individuals from the same
house
BEDROOM FLOORS
KITCHEN COUNTERS
KITCHEN FLOORS
LIVE UPDATES
HomeMicrobiome.com
Facebook.com/HomeMicrobiome
Twitter.com/HomeMicrobiome
All data publicly
available
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Jack Gilbert – P.I.
Jarrad Hampton-Marcell – Sample Preps
Sarah Owens – Sequencing Manager
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation - Funding