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BIOL 0800 – Principles of Physiology

Spring 2013

Male and Female eprod!c"i#e Sys"ems

eading$ %hap"er 1&

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Fe"al Se' (ifferen"ia"ion

Male

Female

SRY = Sex-Determining Region on Y Chromsome

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) *ed!c"ase %on#er"s +es"os"erone "o (ihydro"es"os"erone ,(-+.

,From$ Mol %ell /ndocrinol 2)0$ 10*1) 200.

5α-Reductase

Inhibitors

DHT is more potentthan Testosterone

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SRY and SO! are Transcription "actors #or Sexua$ Di##erentiation

%"rom& Trends 'ndocrino$( )etabo$ism *!& +*,-+++ +../0

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Disorders o# Sex

De1e$opment

%"rom& 2est 3ractice Res C$in

'ndocrino$ )etabo$ism +4&

*/-*!5 +.*.0

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6ar7ot7pe& 48 Y

Interna$ 9enita$ia& Testis

'xterna$ 9enita$ia& :agina

Sex 3henot7pe& "ema$e

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Male eprod!c"i#e Sys"em

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na"omy of "he Male eprod!c"i#e Sys"em

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+es"is

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)itosis and )eiosis

%"rom& ;ature Re1 )o$ Ce$$ 2io$ 5& !/,-!! +..40

)itosis

)eiosis

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)eiosis Crosso1er Hot Spots

%;at Re1 9enetics 5& 4*,-4+4 +..40

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S!mmary of Sperma"ogenesis

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Spermato

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-!man Ma"!re Sperm

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-ormonal %on"rolof Male

eprod!c"i#e

F!nc"ion

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'rgogenic '##ects o# Testosterone

%"rom& >( C$in( 'ndocrino$( )etab( !5& *5,,-*54, +.*.0

1RM = One-Repetition Maximum

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Side '##ects o# nabo$ic

ndrogenic Steroid buse

%"rom& ?ancet ,*& */+-*//+ +../0

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efle' Pa"h4ays for /rec"ion

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%e;OS0

n;OS

e;OS @ 'ndothe$ia$ ;itric Oxide S7nthase

n;OS @ ;eurona$ ;itric Oxide S7nthase

3hosphodiesterase 5 and 'recti$e D7s#unction

%"a *.& *4+!-*4, +..40

%e(g( :iagra Cia$is0

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Female eprod!c"i#e Sys"em

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Female eprod!c"i#e Sys"em

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S!mmary of Oogenesis

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Comparison 2etBeen "ema$e and )a$e Reproducti1e S7stems

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-ormonal %on"rol

of O#arian

F!nc"ion

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%on"rol of /s"rogen Syn"hesis

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romatase Con1erts ndrogen to 'strogen

romatase

9ranu$osa Ce$$

Theca Ce$$

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(e#elopmen" of a -!man Oocy"e

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O#arian /#en"s (!ring a Mens"r!al %ycle

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S!mmary of "he

Mens"r!al

%ycle

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S!ppression of FS- and L- (!ring L!"eal Phase

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O#arian and 5"erine %hanges (!ring "he Mens"r!al %ycle

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(e elopmen" of "he Female eprod c"i e S s"em

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(e#elopmen" of "he Female eprod!c"i#e Sys"em

,From$ nn 67 cad Sci 102$ *) 200.

6 " l F il Pl i

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6a"!ral Family Planning

,-igh Fail!re a"e.

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)enstrua$ Disturbances mong Sedentar7 and 'xercising Subects

%"rom& Human Reproduction +5& 4!*-5., +.*.0

( Sedentar7

2( 'xercise

i ' ti # R d ti H # O $ t d

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rinar7 'xcretions o# Reproducti1e Hormones #or O1u$ator7 and

bnorma$ C7c$es - Categori

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Shor"er O#!la"ory %ycles 6ear Menopa!se is

%a!sed 9y Increase in FS- in esponse "o (ecrease in Inhi9in

,From$ m : Med 118$ 8S*13S 200).

6arro ing of "he +hermone "ral ;one es l"s

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6arro4ing of "he +hermone!"ral ;one es!l"s

in Menopa!sal -o" Flashes

 ,From$ m : O9

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p

,From$ m : O9

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Pregnancy

/ " L di "

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/#en"s Leading "o

Fer"ili=a"ion

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"erti$i

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'1ents #rom O1u$ation to Imp$antation

In >i"ro Fer"ili=a"ion

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In >i"ro Fer"ili=a"ion

,From$ 6e4 /ng : Med 3)$ 3&*38 200&.

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In"errela"ions of Fe"al and Ma"ernal +iss!es a" "he Placen"a

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Ma"ernal -ormones (!ring Pregnancy

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+he 5"er!s

a" 3 ) and 8 4ee?s

f"er Fer"ili=a"ion

%omparison of d!l" and Fe"al %irc!la"ion

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Fe"al %irc!la"ion,From$ Seminars Fe"al 6eona"al Med 10$3*)03 200).

d!l" %irc!la"ion

%omparison of d!l" and Fe"al %irc!la"ion

S"ages of

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S"ages of

Par"!ri"ion

(a) Before parturition

(b) Cervical dilation begins

(c) Complete Cervicaldilation

(d) Movement of fetus

through vagina

(e) lacental detachment

eg!la"ion of 5"erine %on"rac"ion (!ring Par"!ri"ion

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eg!la"ion of 5"erine %on"rac"ion (!ring Par"!ri"ion

Regu$ation o# 3ro$actin Secretion

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g

%"rom& C)> *8!& 55-5/* +..,0

S!c?ling*Ind!ced Mil?

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S!c?ling*Ind!ced Mil?

Syn"hesis and /@ec"ion

"eta$ 3rogramming

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g g

%"rom& > 3h7sio$ 5+& +5-,. +..80

/n#ironmen"al %!es (!ring (e#elopmen" (e#elopmen"al Plas"ici"y

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/n#ironmen"al %!es (!ring (e#elopmen" (e#elopmen"al Plas"ici"y

and (e"ermina"ion of d!l" Pheno"ype

,From$ 6e4 /ngA :A MedA 3)$ 1*&3 2008.

D $ t $ 3$ ti it

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De1e$opmenta$ 3$asticit7

Regu$ation o# 9ene 'xpression Through 'pigenetic 3rocesses

%"rom& ;eB 'ng( >( )ed( ,5!& 8*-, +../0