2013 all my ownwork

All My Own Work

HSC Course

2014-2015

Picnic Point High School

HSC: All My Own Work

From 2008 HSC any student enrolled in

one or more courses must satisfactorily

complete this course.


1. Scholarship principles and practices

2. Acknowledging sources

3. Plagiarism

4. Copyright

5. Working with others


Scholarship principles and practices


What is good scholarship?


Being honest and ethical

Listing all your sources

Using your own words


Key attributes of good scholarship

Being an effective researcher

Applying effective study habits


Applying effective study habits Keep a diary Nominate dates and times when you will gather

information for tasks and when you might produce a draft.

Be well organised Make sure you understand what is required Visit the HSC Online website and read their tips


What are the rights and responsibilities of students in ensuring the intellectual integrity of their work?


As a student you have a right to expect:

Clear information about what is required in your assessment tasks & assessments

Guidance about how to improve your work Respect from your peers and teachers


As a student you have a responsibility to:

Respect the rights and integrity of your teachers and peers

Understand what is required of you Fulfil the school’s requirements for your study Be fair and honest in all aspects of your work Make sure your work is your own.


What can students expect in terms of guidance for the HSC and assessment?


Important documents for all students

HSC Confirmation of Entry

Student Declaration


What is malpractice?


Cheating or malpractice is about doing the

wrong thing by behaving dishonestly.


Cheating is not only bad for you as a person, it is unfair to other students.

It may give you an unfair advantage, but it may also cost you your HSC.


Why do people cheat?


Other students cheat because they don’t understand plagiarism and don’t know how to acknowledge sources correctly. Using someone else’s work and pretending it is yours is seriously dishonest – it is a form of theft.


Why is it wrong to cheat?


Cheating is dishonest, unfair and unethical.

How would you feel if you were called a cheat?

How would your family and friends feel?

How would your teachers and classmates feel?


What are the benefits of producing your own work?


This is what ethical scholarship is all about.


You want to do your best work, and you want it to be YOUR work.

You will know that the work is your own and you deserve to be credited for work you have completed.

You can avoid any accusations of plagiarism by using correct citations of your sources.

Your teachers want to reward original work as they are supporting honest responsible scholarship

You learn better this way!


Scenario

Alex finds that he has only one night to complete a Music research. He finds an essay on the Internet that he can use and copies a large section of it. He does not acknowledge the information as being taken from the Internet. When confronted by his teacher he says he didn’t know it was wrong to copy from the Internet.

Ethical or Unethical?


Scenario

You are finishing a Business Studies assignment the night before it is due. Your computer crashes and you lose all your work. You do not have a back up copy. You phone a friend and ask them to email their assignment so you can use it. You rewrite the assignment so that it looks very different to your friend’s. You hand it in the next day as your own. There is no citation or attribution of the work to your friend.



Scenario

As part of his Society and Culture Interest Project, Jack has to hand in an annotated reference list indicating how useful the references were for the project. Jake has only used four references. He feels that this might not look impressive but decides against adding a few others that he hasn’t used, just to make the list look longer.



What are the consequences of cheating

in the HSC?


You receive zero marks for an assessment task You have an HSC course withheld You are deemed ineligible for the award of the

HSC There may be additional sanctions eg

withholding your reference


As a student, your most important responsibility is

to make sure everything you do for the HSC is

all your own work.


http://amow.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/


Acknowledging sources


Acknowledging sources means providing written recognition of any ideas that are used or adapted for your work.


You need to: name of the original author and details of

where you found the information acknowledge sources within the text acknowledge sources at the end of your work


“Referencing” “citing” and “attribution” refer to acknowledging sources


You should acknowledge:

Advertisements

Encyclopedia articles

Pictures

Pamphlets

Artworks

Websites

Other students’ work

Personal interviews

Magazines

Journals

Teachers

Emails

Other’s’ ideas

CDROMs and DVDs

Maps

Newspapers

Lecturers

Discussions groups

Blogs

Letters

TV programs

Movies

Books

Music


Scenario:

As a part of a History assignment you interview you elderly neighbour to find out about his experiences in the Second World War.

Should you acknowledge this interview as a source, even though you did not use his exact words?


Scenario

You worked in a group to research a segment of your PDHPE assignment. Each group member was responsible for contributing and writing information related to their own experiences.

Should you acknowledge the information contributed and written by another group member?


Scenario

Your uncle wrote a letter about his experiences as a soldier in the army and enclosed an old newspaper article that gave you an idea for your Visual Arts Body of Work

Should you acknowledge the letter and the newspaper article?


Why should sources be acknowledged?


You should acknowledge sources to:

Demonstrate your academic integrity Support your arguments Make it easy for readers to find the sources you

used, Fulfil your moral and legal obligations Avoid plagiarism


Moral Rights

The moral rights of an author, artist or creator entitle them: To be named as the author To be protected against false attribution To have their work treated with respect and not be

misrepresented.


Moral rights:

Apply to the creators of copyright works Are separate from the entitlement of a copyright owner

to payment Copyright generally last for seventy years after death


To observe the moral rights of an author you should:

Attribute any quote, paraphrase, summary or copy of someone else’s work or idea

Ensure that works are not falsely attributed to an author Reference appropriately


Scenario

You have gained permission from the publisher of a series of photographs on tropical rainforests to use a copy of one of the photographs as the cover page of your Geography assignments.

Is it really necessary to acknowledge the individual photographer who took the photograph you are using?


Scenario

You have just completed a major work for one of your HSC subjects that is to be submitted to the Board of Studies for marking. On your final check, you realise that you have not acknowledged the source of one if the key ideas used in the creation of your work. Worse still, you have lost the details of the source and you really can’t be bothered spending additional time searching for the details of the source. You decide to submit the work as it is, assuming everything will be OK.

Is this the best course of action?


Scenario

You haven’t used any quotes in your essay and think it would look more impressive if you used quotes from some sources that are well respected in the subject area. You decide to “create” quotes from two of the sources used for your background reading and duly “acknowledge” the authors, books and pages where the quotes were supposedly found. It all looks good.

Should you submit work like this?


When you

Quote Paraphrase Copy Summarise Copy information from research sources

Acknowledge this in two places – “in-text” and in areference list.


In text references

When you quote directly from a source, you place the exact words in quotation marks.

“The stable world of the nineteenth century was coming down in chaos: security was gone” (Bean, 1983, p.22)


When you paraphrase or summarise, you do not need the quotation marks. You still need the author’s details.

Security was disappearing as chaos took over at the change of the century (Bean, 1983)

The Harvard method of referencing is recommended.


Footnotes or endnotes.

Footnotes are placed at the bottom of the page of the quotation and endnotes are the list of all footnotes placed at the end of the assessment.


Scenario

You have details of the information and the source of information you are using in an assignment but you are not sure whether you have recorded the exact words of the authors of the works.

Should you put the words in quotation marks, acknowledge the sources and hope for the best?


Scenario

You have spent a lot of time researching material from the web for a major assignment. You have reduced 100 pages from 5 websites to 5 pages of points. By now, this seems more like your work than the original creators

Should you acknowledge the sources of information using in-text citation as well as put these references in your reference list or bibliography?


Scenario

In a science assessment you have written a brilliant analysis of the data you found in a report on an experiment. It’s your analysis that will be marked, not the table of figures on which you have based your analysis.

Should you acknowledge the source of the data, even though it is not the important part of the assignment?


Reference list

A full list in correct order and format of all items that you quoted from in your assessment.

Check your diary for the correct format. Please be consistent.


Bibliography

A full list in correct order and format of all items that you used in the preparation of your assessment.

Check your diary or Library handout for the correct format. Please be consistent.


Scenario

You want to impress the teacher with all the research you have completed for your major assessment. You plan to list all the sources you can find that are related to your topic in your reference list, even though you haven’t used them.

Is this a good strategy?


Acknowledging sources:

1. Providing written recognition of any ideas that are used or adapted -- Sometimes called “attribution”

2. May need to occur in the body of the work

3. Must occur at the end of the work

4. Is essential to avoid plagiarism

5. Fulfils moral and legal obligations to recognise and acknowledge authors


What does not need acknowledgement?


You do not have to acknowledge: Your own experiences Your own experimental results Common knowledge

Facts commonly known (12 months in a year) Facts that are so well known that are easily available in many places

(World War 2 began in 1939) Commonsense observations (interest rates going up means

mortgage payments will increase)


Students who do not acknowledge the sources they have used, properly or at all, may be guilty of plagiarism.

This is a serious issue and may affect a student’s marks and eligibility for the HSC.


Tips and hints Organise notes and record details of where the

information was found. Learn correct citation Access information required for multiple styles of

sources Set up a chart to keep track of basic bibliographic

information Know the difference between a quotation,

summary or paraphrase


All my own work Module – Acknowledging sources

http://amow.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au


Plagiarism


What is plagiarism?


“Plagiarism is when you pretend that you have written or created a piece of work that someone else originated. It is cheating, it is dishonest and it could jeopardise your HSC results”

Board of Studies, HSC Assessments and Submitted works, Advice to Students, 2006.


As an HSC student, you are seeking an academic qualification of high standing.


Why does plagiarism matter?


Why does plagiarism happen?


How is plagiarism detected?


What are the implications for plagiarism of assessing information from the Internet?


“Students might plagiarise because they are less rigorous in their application of scholarship principles and practice.”

Board of Studies, HSC Assessments and Submitted works, Advice to Students, 2006.


Strategies and handy hints

Be honest and ethical – acknowledge sources correctly

Learn to manage your time better so that you leave enough time for all your assessments

Learn to paraphrase correctly Use the Information Process to plan and

organise your research


Can students be penalised if they plagiarise unintentionally?


Scenario - intended or unintended?

A student downloads an assessment from a website. The essay question is exactly what he has been asked. So, because of shortage of time, he uses it.

Intended or unintended?



A student completes his research assignment ready to submit. One of his parents makes changes to the work without the student’s knowledge. The student prints the amended version and hands it in as his own work.




A student allows her sister, a theatre director, to help her prepare a monologue for performance in HSC Drama. She allows her sister to make all the decisions for the performance including character interpretation, use of the stage space and costumes and props. She does not acknowledge any assistance in her logbook and when her teacher remarks on her rapid improvement in the quality of her performance at school, she fails to mention the help she had from her sister.




You have been working on your paintings for you Visual Arts Body of Work. You have used a number of motifs from an Aboriginal artist’s work which you saw on a trip to the Northern Territory, but have done so unconsciously. It doesn’t occur to you that you should record the source in your journal.



How do students avoid plagiarism?


Simple

Just acknowledge the sources you have used.

Using the Information Process may help you avoid plagiarism.


How easy is it to detect plagiarism?


Are there different rules regarding plagiarism when information is accessed from the world wide web?


All my own work

Module – Plagiarism



Copyright


What is copyright and what does it protect?

How does it relate to me?


Copyright protects what writers, artists and musicians have created.

This is called “intellectual copyright”

It gives them exclusive rights to authorise copying and communication of their work.People earn money from their creative work.


Copyright also protects creative works from being used without the copyright owner’s permission.

People earn money from their creative work.


Scenario

I have produced an original t-shirt design.

Is it protected by copyright?


Question

You want to use part of someone else’s design on your T-shirt.

Can you do this?


Question

Will you always have to pay a royalty for using someone else’s design or a sample of someone else’s music in your own work?


Question

Is your own web page covered by copyright?


Question

Does copyright protect ideas?


No.

Protection is for the format.

Ideas or inventions need a patent.

IP Australia register designs.


Copyright Act 1968

Legally grants and regulates the exclusive right of authors and creators in Australia to control the use of their work and their means to earn a living.


There are some exceptions…….


“Fair dealing”

Statutory Licences for educational institutions.


Question

How much copying can a student do?


10% or 1 chapter of a book

One whole item from an anthology (<15 pages)

One article from a journal


Question

How long does copyright last?


Generally until 70 years after the author’s death.

Then it enters “public domain”


Question

Is the Copyright Act ever updated?


Question

Are there exemptions from seeking copyright permission?


“Fair dealing”

“Fair dealing” for purpose of reviewing

Statutory licences for educational institutions


Why is it important to respect intellectual property?


Question

Can you charge someone who wants to use your design as part of their work?


Question

What are some common infringements of copyright?


Copying a video, DVD, film, logo or picture or pirates a CD or computer game.

Everyone deserves the right to earn money from selling their original work


Question

Is there a cultural copyright in place to protect indigenous communities?


Copyright in a digital environment -

Is there a difference?


Copyright Act was amended in 2000.

Copyright Amendment (Digital Agenda) Act 2000 gives owners on the Internet certain exclusive rights including the right to reproduce material and the right to communicate the material to the public


Question

What is communication right?


Question

Does “copyright-free” always mean that I can just use an image or content?


Question

How can you download copyright-free images?


Read the “Terms of Use” and “Copyright” sections on the website carefully.

If not there, it is copyright-free


Question

What is the international symbol for copyright?


©


Question

How do you contact an author or web page creator to ask for online copyright permission?


Music and copyright

Music and images in digital media and on the internet are subject to copyright – unless there is a clear statement by the creator.


Any “substantial portion” requires permission that is not used for study or review purposes.

(Even a tiny portion may be instantly recognisable)

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s2953643.htm


Four rights associated with music

Reproduction right

Communication right

Performance right

Mechanical right


Music performance rights APRA – Australasian Performing Right

Assoc

Music for advertisementsAMCOS - Australian Mechanical

Copyright Owners’ Society


Question

How do you get copyright permission for music?


Lot’s of people to be contacted !

3 copyrights –

Musical work

Lyrics

Sound recording


You may have to contact the recording company and music publisher for licences. Email a band’s website or contact AMCOS.

No set fee – negotiate!


Tips and hints

Know the requirements of copyright

Check the copyright details of any material you wish to use

Copyright is the same whether digital or print

“Substantial portion”


APRAAMCOSCopyright AustraliaScreenrights AustraliaAustralian Copyright CouncilCopyright Agency LimitedAPAASAALCAIP AustraliaNational Copyright Guidelines


NSW Board of Studies

http://amow.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au


Working with others


Working with others is a fact of life Learning is an active process

How can you work with others and maintain academic integrity in your own work?


Collaborative learning

Collusion

Copying


Collaborative learning

Where you work together in groups of two or more on a shared goal.

Can be face-to-face or online through discussion boards, chat lines, Blogs and wikis etc


Collaborative or cooperative learning is where lots of ideas are shared and tested with each other with the intention of extending everyone’s thinking on the topic.


Little value if each student worked on individual problem and then copied the other answers with no explanation.

Better if they worked together on each problem with members explaining their thinking as they go to the other group members.


Scenario

Your group is instructed to brainstorm before moving to individual research on a PDHPE assignment. One student simply copies all the ideas of the other students and submits this work as his own, without additional work or attribution.

Is this cheating?


Scenario

You best friend has not completed her History assignment and asks to see yours. You lend it to her and remind her to change the words to make it look like her own.

Is this collusion?


Scenario

A science assignment is given to your Year 11 class. The assignment is to be handed in as a single assignment. One member of your group of four offers to write a particular section, the others split the remaining work.


One week before the task is due you find that her section is a “copy and paste” from the internet. You pick up on the plagiarism and confront her, asking her to redo the section. She says she is too busy and offers to take complete blame.

What should you do?


Should you confer with the other members of the team?


Should you talk to the teacher?


Scenario

Bernard has access to a tutor who regularly rewrites whole paragraphs of Bernard’s assignment, or tells Bernard what to write.

Collaborative learning or copying or collusion?


Scenario

Robert logs on to a blog and finds some information that is relevant to his current assessment task. He exchanges information and tests some of his ideas out through an online discussion board.



Scenario

In Fred's class there is a small group discussion on a particular issue. The discussion is to assist students in the preparation of their reports. Fred takes detailed notes of others’ contributions. He copies all Mark’s notes as he knows the topic really well. Fred uses the notes word for word in his report and submits it without any citation.



What help is okay?

Family and friends – they may like to talk about what you are doing

External tutors – they may talk and model problems

Coaching colleges – unpack issues for you, talk about and advise


What help is not okay?

Ghost writers – somebody does it for you, (or “borrowing” someone else’s essay)

Assignments online – buying or commissioning

Don’t risk it. !!!


The BOS see this as a serious breach of trust and highly unethical, putting your HSC at risk.

Remember – what we want is

all your own work!


Scenario

Your brother did the same course as you two years ago and offers to help you with your essay. In fact, he did a similar assessment task and finds it for you. You decide to copy parts of his essay for your own assessment task.

Appropriate or inappropriate?


Scenario

You have spent a lot of time working on a digital media assignment for Visual Arts and have run out of time. Your friend has had to do a similar project for Drama and you decide to use her work and submit it as your own assignment. Her teacher is better than yours and has given her more help. No-one will ever know.



Scenario

Your Dad is a professional plumber and is great at welding. In you Visual Arts Body of Work, you are making a sculpture that requires welding. Your Dad demonstrates welding and supervises your welding. You record this in your VA Process Diary.



This is about respect.

Respect for ideas of others and not claiming others’ ideas as your own. There is no problem referring to the ideas of others – just acknowledge appropriately.

You need to be clear about referencing and in how you cite your sources, whether written or not.


Remember to use Harvard method of referencing.

Samples in your diary


Reference everything except:

Your own experiences

Your own experimental results

Common knowledge


Common knowledge

Facts that are commonly known E.g. there are twelve months in a year

Facts that are so well known that they are easily available in different kinds of sources

E.g. World War II began in 1939

Commonsense observationsE.g. Interest rates going up affects loan repayments


Benefits of producing your own work

Gain credit for what you have done Learn new skills benefiting future study and work Take pride in achieving and submitting your best

work


Gain satisfaction in knowing the work submitted is your own

Demonstrate that you value honest and ethical practices


Make sure that the work you hand in is

‘all your own work!’


All My Own Work Module –Working With Others

NSW Board of Studies


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2013 all my ownwork

Education