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1: TU: At the beginning of the world, what was the only thing to exist?

CHAOS B1: Name two of Chaos’s children.

GE (GAEA), TARTARUS, EROS, EREBUS, NYX B2: What son of Gaea later became her husband and father of the Titans?

URANUS 2: TU: Change the phrase hic īrātus mīles to the dative.

HUIC ĪRĀTŌ MĪLITĪ B1: Change huic īrātō mīlitī to the plural.

HĪS ĪRĀTĪS MĪLITIBUS B2: Change hīs īrātīs mīlitibus to the genitive.

HŌRUM ĪRĀTŌRUM MĪLITUM 3: TU: Around 390 BC, what group of invaders sacked Rome?

(SENONIAN) GAULS / SENŌNĒS B1: Who was the leader of the Senonian Gauls who sacked Rome?

BRENNUS B2: Who became the so-called “Second Founder of Rome” because he was able to defeat Brennus and the Senonian Gauls?

CAMILLUS 4: TU: Give the Latin root and its meaning from which the English word “receipt” is derived?

CAPIŌ – TO TAKE B1: Give a derivative of capiō that means “the starting point of an activity” or “the beginning”.

INCEPTION B2: What English derivative of capiō is a synonym of “to trick”?

(TO) DECEIVE

[SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: What distant relative of the Julio-Claudian dynasty became emperor of Rome after Domitian’s assassination?

(M. COCCEIUS) NERVA B1: Nerva became the first Roman emperor to be chosen by what group?

THE SENATE B2: Where was Nerva buried?

MAUSOLEUM OF AUGUSTUS 6: TU: Translate the following sentence into English: servus est maior quam equus. THE SLAVE/SERVANT IS BIGGER/LARGER THAN A HORSE B1: Translate the following sentence into Latin: You (pl.) are braver than all the gladiators. (VŌS) ESTIS FORTIŌRĒS QUAM OMNĒS GLADIĀTŌRĒS. B2: Translate the following sentence into Latin: My brother was running very quickly. MEUS FRĀTER CELERRIMĒ CURRĒBAT 7: TU: Quid Anglicē significat: portus?

HARBOR B1: Quid Anglicē significat: porta?

GATE B2: Quid Anglicē significat: porto?

CARRY


8: TU: Whose great beauty was responsible for the launch of a thousand ships?

HELEN’S B1: Who was her twin sister?

CLYTEMNESTRA B2: Who were her twin brothers?

DIOSCURI/CASTOR AND POLLUX (POLYDEUCES) [SCORE CHECK] 9: TU: Identify the use of the ablative in the following sentence: gladiātor magnā cum fortitūdine pugnābat. MANNER B1: …: gladiātor cum multīs puellīs ambulābat.

ACCOMPANIMENT B2: …: gladiātor fortius servo pugnāvit.

COMPARISON 10: TU: Give the Latin term for the dividing wall around which chariots raced.

SPĪNA B1: What were used to mark the number of laps during a chariot race? EGGS & DOLPHINS / ŌVA ET DELPHĪNĪ B2: What were the turning posts that marked the ends of the spīna?

MĒTAE 11: TU: What son of Alcmene was known for his prodigious strength because his father was a god? HERACLES/HERCULES B1: What did the jealous Juno send to kill the infant Hercules in his cradle?

SNAKES B2: What infant wailed in terror as baby Hercules strangled the two snakes?

IPHICLES (prompt on “his brother”) 12: TU: Listen to the following sentences, which I will read twice; then answer the question that follows in Latin: ōlim multī nautae in agrīs labōrābant. subitō magnus leō ex silvā cucurrit et omnēs nautās terrēbat. nautae, quod erant perterritī, ē agrō ad villām celeriter festīnāvērunt. (repeat) The question: Ubi nautae labōrābant?

IN AGRĪS B1: …: unde magnus leō cucurrit?

EX SILVĀ B2: …: quō nautae festīnāvērunt postquam leō appāruit?

AD VILLAM [FINAL SCORE]


EXTRA QUESTIONS LANGUAGE SKILLS TU: Please give both the dative and accusative plural forms for the noun pater. PATRIBUS, PATRĒS B1: Please give both the dative and accusative plural forms for the noun nūntius. NŪNTIĪS, NŪNTIŌS B2: Please give both the dative and accusative plural forms for the noun nauta. NAUTĪS, NAUTĀS HISTORY/CULTURE TU: What battle ended the Second Punic War? ZAMA / NARAGGARA B1: In what year did this battle take place? 202 BC B2: Who was the victor at the Battle of Zama? (P. CORNELIUS) SCIPIO AFRICANUS MYTHOLOGY TU: Name three of the children of Zeus and Hera. ARES, EILEITHYIA, HEBE, HEPHAESTUS B1: What was Hebe’s job? CUPBEARER OF THE GODS B2: Of what was Eileithyia in charge? CHILDBIRTH

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1: TU: Complete this analogy: laudō : laudāverāmus :: mittō : _____.

MĪSERĀMUS B1: Change mīserāmus to the passive.

MISSĪ (-AE, -A) ERĀMUS B2: Change missī erāmus to the future.

MITTĒMUR 2: TU: What battle in 260 BC was the first naval victory that the Romans had over the Carthaginians?

MYLAE B1: What device allowed the Romans to win this battle?

CORVUS / CORVĪ / THE “RAVEN” / BOARDING-BRIDGE (WITH A HOOK)

B2: Who was the Roman commander at the Battle of Mylae? (C.) DUILIUS

3: TU: What is the Latin word for “fire”?

IGNIS B1: What is the Latin word for “ship”?

NAVIS B2: Give the genitive plural for these two nouns

IGNIUM/NAVIUM 4: TU: What son of Danae was fated to kill his grandfather?

PERSEUS B1: Who was his grandfather?

ACRISIUS B2: In what form did Zeus visit Danae in her underground chamber?

GOLDEN RAIN/SHOWER

[SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: Which of the following, if any, does not belong because of derivation: sumptuous, consumer, resume, summit, presumption?

SUMMIT B1: Give the Latin root and its meaning from which we derive “summit”.

SUMMUS - HIGHEST B2: Give the Latin root and its meaning for the other words in the toss-up. SŪMŌ – TO TAKE, TAKE UP, USE, USE UP, BEGIN, ETC. 6: TU: What kind of toga would a candidate for office wear?

TOGA CANDIDA B1: Supporters would hold processions in the streets for their candidates. What were these supporters called? FAUTŌRĒS B2: What pair of elected officials supervised the public markets, the grain supply, and places of public entertainment?

AEDĪLĒS 7: TU: Translate the following sentence into English: multī agricolae ad urbem contendēbant. MANY FARMERS WERE HURRYING / USED TO HURRY / HURRIED

TO THE CITY B1: …: servus fortis cum parvō puero prope silvam stābat. THE STRONG/BRAVE SLAVE WAS STANDING / USED TO STAND / STOOD WITH


THE LITTLE/SMALL BOY NEAR THE FOREST/WOODS B2: …: ille gladiātor diem nātālem in forō celebrābat. THAT GLADIATOR WAS CELEBRATING / USED TO CELEBRATE / CELEBRATED (HIS) BIRTHDAY IN THE FORUM/MARKETPLACE 8: TU: What two gods quarreled over the patronage for the city of Athens?

ATHENA AND POSEIDON B1: What were the gifts that each offered?

OLIVE TREE AND SALTWATER SPRING / HORSE B2: Who judged this contest between Athena and Poseidon?

CECROPS [SCORE CHECK] 9: TU: Translate into English the Latin motto for the state of Colorado - Nīl Sine Nūmine. NOTHING WITHOUT DIVINE GUIDANCE/DIVINE WILL B1: Translate into English the Latin motto for the state of Mississippi - Virtūte Et Armīs BY VALOR AND ARMS B2: Translate into English the Latin motto for the state of North Carolina - Esse Quam Vidērī TO BE RATHER THAN TO SEEM 10: TU: What nine-headed monster did Heracles slay in the swamps of Lerna?

HYDRA B1: What animal did Hera send to distract Heracles while he was fighting the Hydra?

CRAB/ CANCER B2: What did Heracles do to this crab?

KICKED IT INTO THE STARS 11: TU: Complete the following analogy: hic : horum :: idem : _____

EORUNDEM B1: Complete the following analogy: hic : huic :: ego : _____

MIHI B2: Complete the following analogy: hic : hos :: nos : _____

NOS 12: TU: Who became the first man to succeed his own father as emperor of Rome?

TITUS B1: What city did Titus sack in 70 AD?

JERUSALEM B2: What structure in Rome depicts scenes from the sack of Jerusalem?

ARCH OF TITUS [FINAL SCORE}


EXTRA QUESTIONS LANGUAGE SKILLS TU: Give the Latin verb and its meaning from which the English word tradition is derived. DO - GIVE B1: Give the Latin noun and its meaning from which the English word manipulate is derived. MANUS - HAND B2: Give the Latin adjective and its meaning from which the English word veteran is derived. VETUS - OLD HISTORY/CULTURE TU: Name the emperors who immediately preceded and succeeded the emperor Tiberius. AUGUSTUS – CALIGULA / GAIUS B1: On what island did Tiberius live during the last years of his reign? CAPRI / CAPREAE B2: Name the praetorian prefect who had convinced Tiberius to retire to Capri. SEJANUS MYTHOLOGY TU: Name three of the children of Zeus and Hera. ARES, EILEITHYIA, HEBE, HEPHAESTUS B1: What was Hebe’s job? CUPBEARER OF THE GODS B2: Of what was Eileithyia in charge? CHILDBIRTH CHI

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1: TU: Give the Latin verb root and its meaning from which “chant” is derived.

CANŌ – TO SING B1: Give the Latin verb root and its meaning from which “miscreant” is derived.

CRĒDŌ – TO BELIEVE B2: Give the Latin verb root and its meaning from which “besiege” is derived.

SEDEŌ – TO SIT 2: TU: What nymph ran away from Apollo because she had promised to remain a virgin?

DAPHNE B1: Into what was she transformed?

A LAUREL TREE B2: What god made Apollo fall in love with Daphne?

EROS/CUPID 3: TU: What use of the genitive case can be found in the following sentence: Marcus Pūblio nihil pecuniae dabit? PARTITIVE/WHOLE B1: What use of the genitive case can be found in the following sentence: Marcus Pūblio pecuniam sui amici dabit? POSSESSION B2: What use of the genitive case can be found in the following sentence: Marcus magnum amorem pecuniae habet?

OBJECTIVE 4: TU: What Roman commander, known as the “Delayer”, was called “Hannibal’s lackey” because he didn’t dare to confront the

forces of Hannibal directly? (Q.) FABIUS MAXIMUS (CUNCTATOR)

B1: After what battle was Fabius Maximus made dictātor to deal with Hannibal? LAKE TRASIMENE

B2: In what year did the Battle of Lake Trasimene take place? 217 BC

[SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: Differentiate in meaning between tutus and stultus. TUTUS – SAFE / STULTUS – FOOLISH, STUPID B1: Differentiate in meaning between tum and dum.

TUM – THEN / DUM – WHILE, UNTIL B2: Differentiate in meaning between rēs and spēs. RĒS – THING, MANNER, CIRCUMSTANCE / SPĒS– HOPE 6: TU: What Trojan visited his wife and son on the walls of the city, only to have his son cry at the sight of his father’s helmet?

HECTOR B1: Who was the wife of Hector?

ANDROMACHE B2: Who was his son?

ASTYANAX / SCAMANDRIUS 7: TU: What philosopher was the tutor of Nero?

SENECA THE YOUNGER B1: Name the praetorian prefect who helped Seneca the Younger keep Nero under control.

BURRUS B2: Name the mother of Nero who relied on Seneca and Burrus to keep Nero under control.


AGRIPPINA THE YOUNGER


8: TU: Please translate into English: Mea mater semper cēnam pessimam parābat. MY MOTHER WAS ALWAYS PREPARING/PREPARED

A VERY BAD / THE WORST DINNER B1: Please translate into English: Mea mater semper cēnam quam celerrimē parābat.

MY MOTHER WAS ALWAYS PREPARING/PREPARED DINNER AS QUICKLY/FAST AS POSSIBLE

B2: Please translate into English: Mea mater semper cēnam celerius quam tuus parābat. MY MOTHER WAS ALWAYS PREPARING/PREPARED

DINNER MORE QUICKLY THAN YOURS (YOUR MOTHER)

[SCORE CHECK]

9: TU: What daughter of Icarius was the long-suffering wife of Odysseus?

PENELOPE B1: Who was Odysseus’s mother?

ANTICLEIA B2: Who was Odysseus’s father?

LAERTES 10: TU: What was the heating system for the baths called?

HYPOCAUST / HYPOCAUSTUM B1: What was the cold bath called?

FRIGIDĀRIUM B2: What was the warm bath called?

TEPIDĀRIUM 11: TU: Give the comparative and superlative forms for the adjective nobilis. NOBILIOR (NOBILIUS), NOBILISSIMUS B1: ... facilis.

FACILIOR (FACILIUS), FACILLIMUS B2: ... bonus.

MELIOR (MELIUS), OPTIMUS 12: TU: Give the Latin root and its meaning from which we derive “adjacent”.

IACEŌ – TO LIE (DOWN) B1: Give the Latin root and its menaing from which we derive “ameliorate”.

BONUS - GOOD B2: Give the Latin root and its meaning from which we derive “sedition”.

EŌ – TO GO

[FINAL SCORE]


EXTRA QUESTIONS LANGUAGE SKILLS TU: Which of the following, if any, is not from the same Latin root as the others: consent, sensational, resentment, extrasensory

NONE, ALL FROM SAME ROOT B1: What Latin word with what meaning is at the root of all of the words in the tossup? SENTIO– TO FEEL, REALIZZE B2: What derivative of sentio means “given to gratification of the senses”? SENSUAL HISTORY/CULTURE TU: In total, how many senators were there at one time? 600 B1: Where in the Forum did the senators meet? IN THE CURIA B2: What office must one have hold before becoming a senator? QUAESTOR MYTHOLOGY TU: How did Penelope fool her suitors into giving her more time? SHE UNWOVE A TAPESTRY EVERY NIGHT THAT SHE WOVE EVERY DAY B1: While Penelope was stuck with her suitors Telemachus left the country for news about his father. Whom did he visit first?

NESTOR B2: Whom did he visit next? MENELAUS

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1: TU: Who became the first emperor to commit suicide when he killed himself in 68 AD?

NERO B1: What event in 64 AD allowed Nero to build a new palace for himself?

(GREAT) FIRE (OF ROME) B2: Give the Latin name of this palace.

DOMUS AUREA 2: TU: Consider the following abbreviations: prn., dsp., viz, q.v., and n.b. Which abbreviation should be used when a teacher wants

a student to pay special attention to certain details? N.B.

B1: Which abbreviation should be used on prescriptions? PRN.

B2: Which abbreviation should be used on a tombstone? DSP

3: TU: Please listen to the following sentences, which I shall read twice; then answer the question that follows in English: duo agricolae per viās currēbant. subitō, suos inimīcōs vidērunt. ūnus ēx agricolarum clāmāvit, “ecce! inimīci nostri stulti adsunt.” inimīcī, postquam eos audīvērunt, duo ingentes lapides iecērunt et agricolas pepulērunt. (repeat) The question: What were the merchants doing when they saw two enemies? RUNNING THROUGH THE STREETS B1: Who hurled the first insult?

ONE OF THE FARMERS B2: What did the enemies do in response to the insult?

THREW STONES AT THE FARMERS 4: TU: Which deity did Pentheus offend?

BACCHUS B1: Which deity did Arachne offend?

MINERVA B2: Which deity did Erysichthon offend?

CERES

[SCORE SCHECK} 5: TU: Where were tombs often found in the Roman world?

ALONG ROADS OUTSIDE OF CITY B1: What was the favorite drink of the dead?

BLOOD B2: What was often used as substitute for blood?

WINE

6: TU: What Latin motto would a tourist shout in New York?

EXCELSIOR B1: What Latin motto would a tourist shout in Maine?

DĪRIGŌ B2: What Latin motto would a tourist shout in Arkansas?

RĒGNAT POPULUS 7:


TU: Please give the accusative singular and plural forms for homō. HOMINEM & HOMINĒS

B1: Please give the accusative singular and plural forms for fluctus. FLUCTUM & FLUCTŪS

B2: Please give the accusative singular and plural forms for mare. MARE & MARIA

8: TU: Complete the following analogy. Theseus : Hippolytus :: Achilles : _______ NEOPTOLEMUS/PYRRHUS B1: Complete the following analogy. Achilles : Briseis :: Agamemnon : _______

CHRYSEIS B2: Complete the following analogy. Agamemnon : Atreus :: Theseus : _______

AEGEUS [SCORE CHECK]

9: TU: Who, at the request of his mother and wife, stopped his attack on Rome?

CORIOLANUS B1: Name the mother and wife of Coriolanus.

VETURIA – MOTHER / VOLUMNIA - WIFE B2: What group of enemy people did Coriolanus lead to the gates of Rome?

VOLSCI(ANS) 10: TU: What English word, derived from the Latin word for “flame”, means “highly ornate or tending to attract attention because of

confidence and stylishness.” FLAMBOYANT

B1: What English word derived from the Latin word for “ground” that means “to place a body in a grave or tomb” INTER

B2: What English word derived from the Latin verb meaning “to feel” means “a premonition”? PRESENTIMENT 11: TU: Please complete the following analogy: laudō : laudābātur :: moneō : _____.

MONĒBĀTUR B1: Change monēbātur to the future.

MONĒBITUR B2: Change monēbitur to the 2nd person.

MONĒBERIS 12: TU: To whom did Hera give birth in retaliation for Athena’s birth?

HEPHAESTUS B1: On what island did Hephaestus land after Hera threw him down from Mt. Olympus?

LEMNOS B2: What “gift” did he make for his mother in retaliation for her mistreatment of him? SANDALS / A THRONE [FINAL SCORE]


EXTRA QUESTIONS LANGUAGE SKILLS TU Make “eadem pars” plural. EAEDEM PARTES B1: Make “eaedem partes” ablative. EISDEM/ISDEM PARTIBUS B2: Make “eisdem/isdem partibus” genitive singular. EIUSDEM PARTIS HISTORY/CULTURE TU: How many emperors ruled in the year 69 A.D.? FOUR B1: Which of these emperors was known for his extravagance? VITELLIUS B2: Where were two battles fought between rival claimants for the throne in 69 AD? CREMONA(Bediracum) MYTHOLOGY TU: What queen arrogantly boasted that her 14 children made her superior to the goddess Leto? NIOBE B1: What two children of Leto slew Niobe’s children to avenge their mother? APOLLO & ARTEMIS B2: Into what was Niobe transformed as she wept over her children? STONE/STATUE

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1: TU: To whom did Meleager give the trophy of the Calydonian boar hunt?

ATALANTA B1: Who objected to this and were killed by Meleager as a result?

HIS UNCLES (TOXEUS & PLEXIPPUS) B2: Angered by the death of her brothers, what did Meleager’s mother throw into a fire that killed him?

A LOG 2: TU: Translate the verb form portāverāmus.

WE HAD CARRIED B1: Change the verb form portāverāmus to the future perfect and translate that verb form. . PORTĀVERIMUS – WE WILL HAVE CARRIED B2: Change portāverimus to the future tense and translate that verb form. PORTĀBIMUS – WE WILL CARRY 3: TU: How many times did chariots race around in the Circus?

SEVEN B1: Give the Latin terms for the four colors that represented the original chariot racing factiōnēs. RUSSĀTA, ALBĀTA, PRASINA, VENĒTA B2: Which emperor added the aurāta and purpurea?

DOMITIAN 4: TU: Which of the following, if any, is not from the same Latin root as the others: centrifuge, fugitive, fugue, refugee, effulgent?

EFFULGENT B1: What Latin word with what meaning is at the root of all of the other words?

FUGIŌ - FLEE B2: What Latin word with what meaning is at the root of “effulgent”?

FULGEŌ – TO SHINE 5: TU: Quid Anglicē significat: iam?

NOW, ALREADY B1: Quid Anglicē significat: numquam?

NEVER B2: Quid Anglicē significat: non iam?

NO LONGER

[SCORE CHECK] 6: TU: What Colchian priestess aided Jason to get the Golden Fleece?

MEDEA B1: Whom did Medea murder by tricking his daughters into killing them?

PELIAS B2: Whom did Medea married after she was abandoned by Jason?

AEGEUS 7: TU: Who was a lanista?

GLADIATOR TRAINER / OWNER OF GLADIATOR SCHOOL B1: What Latin term refers to the wooden sword that was given to a gladiator as a symbol of his freedom? RŪDIS B2: What type of gladiator fought blindly because their helmets had no eye-holes?

ANDABĀTA



8: TU: What battle in 295 BC was the decisive battle of the Third Samnite War?

SENTINUM B1: What Roman cōnsul “devoted” himself at this battle?

DECIUS MUS B2: What other Roman cōnsul was able to rally the Roman troops and defeat the Samnites after the dēvōtiō of Decius Mus?

(FABIUS) RULLIANUS 9: TU: What is the English meaning of the motto of Brooklyn College “nīl sine magnō labōre”? NOTHING WITHOUT GREAT EFFORT (WORK) B1: What is the English meaning of the motto of the University of Michigan “artēs, scientia, veritās”?

THE ARTS, KNOWLEDGE, TRUTH B2: What is the English meaning of the motto of Tulane University “nōn sibi sed suīs”

NOT FOR HERSELF/HIMSELF/ONESELF, BUT FOR HER/HIS/ONE’S OWN 10: TU: On the voyage of the Argo, what Thracian musician kept time for the oarsmen?

ORPHEUS B1: What monsters did Orpheus help the Argonauts overcome?

SIRENS B2: How did he do this?

HE OUTSANG THEM/HE PLAYED HIS LYRE

[SCORE CHECK] 11: TU: Which of the Five Good Emperors celebrated the 900th anniversary of the founding of Rome? ANTONINUS PIUS B1: Who was the wife of Antoninus Pius?

FAUSTINA MAIOR B2: What had Antoninus done to be given the nickname Pius? CONVINCED THE SENATE TO DEIFY HADRIAN 12: TU: Please give the comparative and superlative forms for the adjective magnus.

MAIOR, MAXIMUS B1: … malus.

PEIUS, PESSIMUS B2: … parvus.

MINOR, MINIMUS 13: TU: Translate the following sentence into Latin: The sad children walked into the bedroom.

TRISTES/MISERI LIBERI AMBULĀVĒRUNT/AMBULABANT IN CAMERAM/IN CUBICULUM

B1: Now translate this sentence into Latin: The sad children do not wish to sleep. TRISTES LIBERI DORMIRE NON CUPIVERUNT/VOLUNT

B2: Now translate into Latin: The children’s mother ordered them to listen. LIBERORUM MATER EOS AUDIRE IUSSIT

14: TU: Distinguish in meaning between laudo and claudo.

LAUDO – PRAISE / CLAUDO - CLOSE B1: Distinguish in meaning between novus and notus? NOVICE – NEW, STRANGE / NOTUS – (WELL) KNOWN B2: Distinguish in meaning between cor and cūr.


COR - HEART / CUR - WHY 15: TU: Name the sister of Phrixus who died when she fell off the golden ram.

HELLE B1: Name the wife of Admetus who was saved from death by Heracles.

ALCESTIS B2: Name the husband of Eos who was granted eternal life but not eternal youth.

TITHONUS

[SCORE CHECK] 16: TU: Identify the use of the accusative in the following sentence: Legatus putat suam urbem a hoste vicisse. SUBJECT (OF INDIRECT STATEMENT) B1: Identify the use of the dative in the following sentence: Mei oculi simillimi tuīs sunt. (SPECIAL) ADJECTIVES B2: Identify the use of the ablative in the following sentence: Illi liberi celeriores pedibus sunt. RESPECT/SPECIFICATION 17: TU: What hundred-eyed giant was sent by Hera to guard a cow?

ARGUS B1: Who was this cow?

IO B2: What god killed the Argus?

HERMES 18: TU: Who was the first emperor to suffer the damnātiō memoriae?

DOMITIAN B1: What was a damnātiō memoriae? THE PERSON’S NAME IS REMOVED FROM ALL PUBLIC RECORDS B2: Domitian gained lots of self-satisfaction when the senators addressed him with what title? DOMINUS ET DEUS 19: TU: Give the Latin word and its meaning from which all of the following are derived: pioneer, peon, piedmont, pedicure.

PĒS - FOOT B1: Give the Latin verb and its definition at the root of the English word “futuristic”

SUM, ESSE – TO BE B2: Give a derivative of “sum, esse” that means “the state or fact of existing, occurring, or being in a place or thing”

PRESENCE

[SCORE CHECK] 20: TU: Please translate this sentence into Latin: The boys have been praised by the citizens in the forum. PUERĪ Ā CĪVIBUS IN FORŌ LAUDĀTĪ SUNT B1: Please translate this sentence into Latin using a dative of possession construction: I have two eyes. DUO OCULĪ MIHI SUNT B2: Please translate this sentence into Latin: We traveled to Rome from Athens in five days. RŌMAM ATHĒNĪS QUĪNQUE DIĒBUS ITER FĒCIMUS / FACIĒBĀMUS [FINAL SCORE]


EXTRA QUESTIONS HISTORY/CULTURE TU: What 4th century Roman emperor, known as the apostate, attempted to re-install paganism as the official religion of the

Roman Empire? JULIAN

B1: Who was the first emperor to adopt Christianity? CONSTANTINE I (THE GREAT)

B2: When did Constantine die? 337 A.D.

TU: What Roman general famously mistreated the Sacred Chickens before the battle of Drepana in 249 B.C?

CLAUDIUS PULCHER B1: Near what large Mediterranean Island did this battle take place?

SICILY B2: During what conflict did this battle take place?

THE FIRST PUNIC WAR LANGUAGE TU: From what Latin adjective with what meaning are the following words derived? cute, vinegar, acrid.

ACER – BITTER, SHARP B1: From what Latin adjective with what meaning are the following derived? iniquity, adequate, equinox.

AEQUUS - EQUAL B2: From what Latin adjective with what meaning are the following derived? couple, coapt, apt.

APTUS – SUITABLE

TU: TU: What Latin motto would a Roman collegian shout if he were to visit the campus of the University of Washington?

LŪX SIT B1: What Latin motto would a Roman collegian shout if he were to visit the campus of New York University?

PERSTĀRE ET PRAESTĀRE B2: What Latin motto would a Roman collegian shout if he were to visit the campus of Columbia University?

IN LŪMINE TUŌ VIDĒBIMUS LŪMEN MYTHOLOGY TU Attending the funeral of his father-in-law Catreus, whose absence allowed Paris to easily seduce his wife Helen?

MENELAUS B1: Paris got Helen as prize for choosing Aphrodite as the fairest. Where was Paris when this contest was conducted?

MT. IDA B2: Who was originally asked to be the judge of this beauty contest?

ZEUS TU: Who spontaneously burst into flames when she was granted her wish of seeing Zeus in her true form?

SEMELE B1: What goddess disguised as the old nurse Beroe and tricked Semele into asking for this?

HERA B2: What child was born after Zeus snatched it from Semele’s womb and sowed it into his thigh?

DIONYSUS

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2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN Page 1 INTERMEDIATE DIVISION - ROUND I

1: TU: Give the active participles for the verb oppugnō.

OPPUGNĀNS, OPPUGNĀTŪRUS B1: Give the passive participles for the same verb.

OPPUGNĀTUS, OPPUGNANDUS B2: Using the future passive participle, say in Latin: I must attack the city. URBS MIHI OPPUGNANDA EST 2: TU: What cannibalistic tribe did Odysseus encounter while wandering around the Mediterranean? LAESTRYGONIANS B1: How many of Odysseus’ ships survived this encounter?

1 B2: What did the Laestrygonians do to wreck the other ships?

HIT THE SHIPS WITH BOULDERS 3: TU: From what Latin verb, with what meaning, do we get the English word “diligence”?

LEGŌ, LEGERE – READ, CHOOSE, COLLECT B1: From what Latin verb, with what meaning, do we get the English word “empire”?

PARŌ, PARĀRE – PREPARE, PROVIDE B2: From what Latin word, with what meaning, do we get the English word “commodore”?

MANDŌ, MANDĀRE – ORDER, ENTRUST, HAND OVER 4: TU: Who were the men who ruled in the year 69 AD?

GALBA, OTHO, VITELLIUS, VESPASIAN B1: Which of these emperors ended up losing the support of the Praetorian Guards because he refused to pay the bribe that was promised to them?

GALBA B2: Who had made the promise on behalf of Galba?

NYMPHIDIUS SABINUS

[SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: Who, because of his “adament” hatred, utilized a sickle to castrate his father Uranus? CRONUS/SATURN B1: Which deity grew into existence from the white sea foam that resulted from Uranus’ genitals falling into the ocean?

APHRODITE/VENUS B2: According to Homer, who were the parents of Aphrodite?

ZEUS & DIONE 6: TU: Differentiate in meaning between adeō and ardeō? ADEO = SO MUCH, SO GREATLY/TO APPROACH, GO UP TO;

ARDEO = BURN, BE ON FIRE B1: … aetās and aestās?

AETAS = AGE, PERIOD OF LIFE AESTAS = SUMMER

B2: … praemium and praesidium? PRAEMIUM = REWARD

PRAESIDIUM = DEFENSE, PROTECTION 7: TU: Which Roman general captured Corinth in 146 BC?

MUMMIUS B1: What league did Mummius also defeat in 146 BC?


ACHAEAN LEAGUE B2: Where did Mummius defeat the Achaean League in 146 BC?

LEUCOPETRA 8: TU: What use of the subjunctive is illustrated in the following sentence: nesciēbāmus cūr dominus īrātus esset? INDIRECT QUESTION B1: …: mercātōrēs in forō conveniēbant ut negōtium agerent?

(ADVERBIAL) PURPOSE CLAUSE B2: …: imperātor mīlitibus imperāvit ut castra movērent?

INDIRECT COMMAND

[SCORE CHECK] 9: TU: Into what were Ceyx and Alcyone transformed?

KINGFISHERS B1: Into what were Atalanta and Hippomenes transformed?

LIONS B2: Into what were Haemus and Rhodope transformed?

MOUNTAINS AEOLUS KNEW HE WAS CURSED BY THE GODS 10: TU: From what Latin word, with what meaning, are all of the following derived: ninny, nuisance, innocence, noxious?

NOCEŌ, NOCĒRE - HARM B1: Which of the following, if any, is not derived from “augeō”: auspicious, author, auxiliary, auction

AUSPICIOUS B2: From what Latin noun, with what meaning, is “precipitate” derived?

CAPUT - HEAD 11: TU: Translate into English and identify the state with which the Latin motto “ad astra per aspera” is associated.

TO THE STARS THROUGH DIFFICULTIES - KANSAS

B1: Translate into English and identify the state with which the Latin motto “dum spiro, spero” is associated. WHILE THERE’S LIFE, THERE’S HOPE

(OR, WHILE I BREATHE/LIVE, I HOPE) – SOUTH CAROLINA

B2: Translate into English and identify the state with which the Latin motto “virtūte et armīs” is associated. BY VALOR AND ARMS

- MISSISSIPPI 12: TU: How many main streets were there in the plan of a typical legionary fortress?

THREE B1: What was the name of the street that ran from the main gate to the entrance of the prīncipia? VIA PRAETŌRIA B2: Which street passed behind the prīncipia?

VIA QUĪNTĀNA

[FINAL SCORE]


Extra Questions

LANGUAGE TU: Quid Anglicē significat “praeficiō”?

PUT IN CHARGE B1: … “prōspicere”?

LOOK OUT B2: … “persecūtus”?

HAVING PURSUED

MYTHOLOGY TU: What king of Thebes offended Ares when he killed a dragon that was feasting on his cattle and was advised by Athena to sow

its teeth into the ground? CADMUS

B1: What group of men sprang from the earth where these teeth were planted? SPARTI

B2: Which of the Sparti became the son-in-law of Cadmus when he married Agave and fathered Pentheus? ECHION

HISTORY/CULTURE TU: In what year did the Romans finally capture the last stronghold of Celtiberian resistance in Spain?

133 B.C B1: What was the name of this stronghold?

NUMANTIA B2: What Roman general successfully prosecuted the siege of Numantia?

SCIPIO AEMLIANUS

2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN Page 4 INTERMEDIATE DIVISION - ROUND II

1: TU: What case is governed by the verbs ūtor and fungor?

ABLATIVE B1: What case is governed by the verb grātulor?

DATIVE B2: What case is governed by the verb oblīvīscor?

GENITIVE 2: TU: Against whom did the Romans wage the First Illyrian War?

(QUEEN) TEUTA B1: After seeing the arrival of a fleet of 200 Romans ships off the island of Corcyra in 229 BC, who betrayed Teuta and the

Illyrians by surrendering to the Romans? DEMETRIUS

B2: Name one of the conditions that Queen Teuta had to accept from the Romans after she sued for peace in 228 BC. 1. RENOUNCE HER CONQUESTS IN GREECE 2. ABANDON ALL CLAIMS TO ISLANDS & COASTAL TOWNS CAPTURED BY ROMANS 3. AGREE NOT TO LET MORE THAN 2 ILLYRIAN SHIPS AT A TIME SAIL PAST LISSUS 3: TU: What Latin verb with what meaning lies at the ultimate root of the word “incense”?

CANDEŌ, CANDERE – SHINE, BE HOT B1: What Latin word with what meaning lies at the root of the word “qualitative”?

QUĀLIS – WHAT SORT OF B2: What Latin nouns with what meanings lie at the root of the word “meticulous”?

METUS – FEAR & PERĪCULUM - DANGER 4: TU: What son of Cephisus and Liriope was destined to live to an old age so long as he didn’t “come to know himself?”

NARCISSUS B1: What vocally repetitive nymph fell in love with Narcissus?

ECHO B2: Why had Hera made Echo able only to repeat what other people had already said?

ECHO DISTRACTED HERA BY TALKING SO THAT SHE WOULDN’T CATCH ZEUS CHEATING

[SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: Translate the following sentence into English: nesciēbāmus rēgem interfectum esse. WE DIDN’T KNOW THAT

THE KING HAD BEEN KILLED B1: Translate the following sentence into English: sciēbāmus rēgīnam imperium post mortem rēgis obtentūram esse. WE KNEW THAT THE QUEEN WOULD OBTAIN POWER

AFTER THE KING’S DEATH B2: Translate the following sentence into English: Did you (plural) think that the queen did not kill the king? PUTĀBĀTISNE/PUTAVISTISNE RĒGINAM REGEM NON INTERFICERE? 6: TU: What evil man replaced Burrus as praetorian prefect and was responsible for Nero’s reign of terror? TIGELLINUS B1: Under the influence of Tigellinus and, with his mother Agrippina the Younger assassinated, whom did Nero marry?

(POPPAEA) SABINA B2: Whom did Nero divorce in order to marry Poppaea Sabina?

OCTAVIA


7: TU: Zeus caused smoke from a funeral pyre to become birds and sprinkle dew on the grave of what son of Eos to honor his death

at Troy? MEMNON

B1: With which side had Memnon allied at Troy? TROJANS

B2: Which Greek warrior killed Memnon? ACHILLES

8: TU: Give a Latin synonym for “nōtus”.

(PRAE)CLĀRUS B1: Give a Latin synonym for cognoscō.

SCIŌ, INTELLEGŌ/NOSCO B2: Give a Latin synonym for imperātor.

DŪX/PRINCEPS

[SCORE CHECK] 9: TU: Which of the following, if any, is NOT derived from the Latin word meaning “body”? corsage, leprechaun, courage, corpse,

incorporate COURAGE

B1: From what verb with what meaning is “irresolute” derived? SOLVŌ, SOLVERE – LOOSEN, UNTIE, CAST OFF

B2: From what word with what meaning is “countess” derived? COMES – COMRADE, COMPANION

10: TU: Complete the following analogy. augeō : augendus :: occīdō : _________

OCCĪDENDUS B1: … augeō : augendus :: dormiō : _________

DORMIENDUS B2: …. augeō : augendus :: eō : _________

EUNDUS 11: TU: From what Amazon queen did Heracles have to retrieve a girdle?

HIPPOLYTA B1: Under what Lydian queen did Heracles have to serve as a manservant?

OMPHALE B2: Whose man-eating mares did Heracles have to capture?

DIOMEDES 12: TU: In what month did the Romans celebrate the Parentalia?

FEBRUARY B1: In what month did the Romans celebrate the Feralia?

FEBRUARY B2: In what month did the Romans celebrate the Matralia?

JUNE [FINAL SCORE]


Extra Questions

LANGUAGE TU: What Latin word with what meaning is at the ultimate root of the word “apparition”?

PĀREŌ, PĀRĒRE – APPEAR B1: What Latin word with what meaning is at the root of the word “facular”?

FAX – TORCH B2: What Latin word with what meaning is at the root of the word “proxemics”?

PROXIMUS – NEAREST, NEXT TO

MYTHOLOGY TU: Who was the child of Aphrodite and Hermes?

HERMAPHRODITUS B1: What nymph fell in love with him?

SALMACIS B2: What happened to Hermaphroditus?

SALMACIS PRAYED THAT THEY BE TOGETHER FOREVER AND THEIR BODIES COMBINED HISTORY/CULTURE TU: Which of the emperors of 69 AD was lynched in the Forum?

GALBA B1: Which of the emperors of 69 AD was known for his gluttony?

VITELLIUS B2: Which of the emperors of 69 AD crushed the rebellion led by Clodius Macer in North Africa?

GALBA

2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN Page 7 INTERMEDIATE DIVISION - ROUND III

1: TU: Who was punished in the underworld for attempting to lay with Hera by perpetually rotating on a wheel of fire?

IXION B1: Who, because he had also attempted to rape Hera, was punished by having his liver eaten out by a vulture each day while

being stretched over nine acres? TITYUS

B2: What Titan also had his liver eaten as a punishment, but by an eagle? PROMETHEUS

2: TU: For the verb noceō, what is the 1st person plural, imperfect active subjunctive?

NOCĒRĒMUS B1: For the verb diligō, what is the 2nd person plural, pluperfect active subjunctive?

DILEXISSĒTIS B2: For the verb imperō, what is the 3rd person plural, present active subjunctive?

IMPERENT 3: TU: Who became the emperor of Rome after winning the imperial throne in an auction?

DIDIUS JULIANUS B1: How much money did Didius Julianus promise to each praetorian that won him the auction? 25,000 SESTERCES B2: Whom did Didius Julianus outbid in this auction?

SULPICIANUS 4: TU: Quid Anglicē significat “ventus”?

WIND B1: … “vīcus”?

VILLAGE, NEIGHBORHOOD B2: … “impetus”?

ATTACK [SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: What Latin verb with what meaning lies at the root of the word “tedious”?

TAEDET, TAEDĒRE – BE TIRING B1: What Latin verb with what meaning lies at the ultimate root of the word “constituency”?

STŌ, STĀRE – STAND B2: What Latin noun with what meaning lies at the root of the word “heredity”?

HĒRĒS - HEIR 6: TU: What battle in 168 BC did the Romans win over the forces of Perseus?

PYDNA B1: To what island did Perseus escape after his defeat at Pydna?

SAMOTHRACE B2: In whose triumph was Perseus later displayed in 167 BC?

(LUCIUS AEMILIUS) PAULLUS 7: TU: What type of ablative is the following phrase: summā cum laude?

MANNER B1: What type of ablative is in this sentence: dūce interfectō, exercitus fūgit?

ABSOLUTE B2: What type of ablative is in this sentence: Marcus callidior Quīntō erat?


COMPARISON

8: TU: What son of Poseidon complained that “nobody” had stabbed him in the eye?

POLYPHEMUS B1: What sea-nymph, a daughter of Phorcys and Ceto, was the mother of Polyphemus?

THOOSA B2: With what instrument had Odysseus blinded the monstrous Cyclops? SHARPENED OLIVE TREE TRUNK [SCORE CHECK] 9: TU: What European city has the Latin motto fluctuat nec mergitur?

PARIS B1: What European city has the Latin motto Domine, dīrige nōs?

LONDON B2: What European city has the Latin motto estō perpetua?

VENICE 10: TU: Give a Latin synonym of “socius”.

COMES/SODĀLIS/AMICUS B1: … “gēns”.

NATIŌ/POPULUS/FAMILIA B2: … “propter”.

OB 11: TU: What Latin term refers to a Roman legionary soldier’s rectangular shield?

SCŪTUM B1: What Latin term refers to a Roman legionary soldier’s helmet?

GALEA B2: What Latin term refers to a Roman legionary soldier’s breastplate?

LŌRĪCA 12: [FINAL SCORE]


Extra Questions

LANGUAGE TU: Using the passive periphrastic, say in Latin: The spectators must praise us.

NŌS SPECTĀTŌRIBUS LAUDANDĪ SUNT B1: …: I must give kisses.

ŌSCULA MIHI DANDA SUNT B2: …: The comrades had to cross the sea.

MARE COMITIBUS TRĀNSEUNDUM ERAT

MYTHOLOGY TU: Into what was Nyctimene transformed?

OWL B1: What goddess granted her this transformation as she was hiding in shame after being raped by her father?

ATHENA B2: Who was Nyctimene’s father?

EPOPEUS HISTORY/CULTURE TU: What Carthaginian general was both the best Carthaginian general in the First Punic War and the father of Hannibal?

HAMILCAR BARCA B1: After the First Punic War, Carthaginian power was severely reduced. To where did Hamilcar Barca lead a Carthaginian army

in order to conquer more land? SPAIN

B2: How did Hamilcar Barca die? HE DROWNED

2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN Page 10 INTERMEDIATE DIVISION - ROUND IV

1: TU: What Sabine king of Rome, grandson of Numa Pompilius, was elected by the people who were weary of a period of

seemingly endless wars? ANCUS MARCIUS B1: Ancus Marcius was a builder of sorts and decided to construct a place where criminals would be sent. What was the name of

this structure located in the Forum Romanum? MAMERTINE PRISON / TULLIANUM

B2: What hill did Ancus incorporate to make Rome a larger city? JANICULUM

2: TU: Complete the following analogy: digitus : manus :: dēns : _____.

ŌS/CAPUT/FACIES B1: With what body part would you lacrimō?

OCULUS B2: With what body part would you audiō?

AURIS 3: TU: Translate the following sentence into English: mīlitēs, ā hostibus vulnerātī, quam celerrimē effūgērunt. THE SOLDIERS, (HAVING BEEN/WHO WERE) WOUNDED BY THE ENEMIES,

ESCAPED/FLED AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE B1: …: mīlitēs, ad urbem adventūrī, subitō imperātōrem vidērunt. THE SOLDIERS, ABOUT TO ARRIVE AT/COME TO THE CITY, SUDDENLY SAW THE EMPEROR / COMMANDER B2: …: imperātor, postquam mīlitēs appropinquantēs vīdit, statim ex urbe discessit ut eos peteret. THE EMPEROR, AFTER HE SAW THE SOLIDERS APPROACHING, IMMEDIATELY DEPARTED FROM THE CITY TO ATTACK THEM. 4: TU: Who in mythology invented the flute, but later discarded it because she didn’t like the way it distorted her face when she

played it? ATHENA/MINERVA

B1: Who later found the discarded flute and became so skilled and confident that he challenged Apollo on his lyre? MARSYAS

B2: Who judged this contest between Apollo and Marsyas? MUSES

[SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: What two immortals helped to build the walls of Troy?

POSEIDON, APOLLO B1: Which mortal also helped to build the walls of Troy?

AEACUS B2: Who, King of Troy at this time, cheated his immortal contractors out of their pay?

LAOMEDON 6: TU: Listen carefully to this sentence, which I will read twice; then answer in Latin the question that follows. fīliā comprehēnsā, imperātor mīlitibus imperāvit ut fīliam suam ad īnsulam barbaram dēdūcerent. (repeat) The question: quibus imperātor mandāta dedit?

MĪLITIBUS B1: quō cōnsiliō imperātor mīlitibus imperāvit?

UT FĪLIAM (SUAM AD ĪNSULAM BARBARAM) DĒDŪCERENT B2: quō mīlitēs fīliam dēdūxērunt?

AD ĪNSULAM (BARBARAM)


7: TU: Against what people did both the emperors Domitian and Trajan fight?

THE DACIANS B1: Who was the King of the Dacians during all three Dacian Wars?

DECEBALUS B2: How did the emperor Trajan memorialize his ultimate victory over the Dacians?

BY ERECTING A COLUMN IN HIS FORUM 8: TU: What English word, derived from the Latin word meaning “mouth”, means “to kiss”?

OSCULATE B1: The word “premium” is derived from what Latin verb with what meaning?

EMŌ – TO BUY B2: What derivative of “mīlle” means “a significant event in the life of a person”?

MILESTONE

[SCORE CHECK] 9: TU: What beast was originally captured by Heracles but killed by Theseus at Marathon?

CRETAN BULL B1: Which labor of Heracles took place on the island of Erytheia? CAPTURING THE CATTLE OF GERYON B2: How did Heracles manage to capture the Erymanthia Boar?

TRAPPED IT IN DEEP SNOW (AFTER CHASING IT FOR A WHOLE YEAR) 10: TU: Give all the active infinitives for the verb ferō.

FERRE, TULISSE, LĀTŪRUS ESSE B1: Give all the passive infinitives for the verb ferō.

FERRĪ, LĀTUS ESSE, LĀTUM ĪRĪ B2: Give all the participles for the verb ferō.

FERĒNS, LĀTUS, LĀTŪRUS, FERENDUS 11: TU: According to its derivation, what does the word “sublingual” mean?

UNDER THE TONGUE B1: What derivative of the Latin word meaning “near” means “a guess or estimate”?

APPROXIMATION B2: What derivative of the Latin word meaning “kindness” means “the recipient of funds under a will or trust”?

BENEFICIARY 12: TU: Which imperial arch stands closest to the cūria in the Roman Forum?

ARCH OF SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS B1: Which imperial arch stands closes to the Colosseum?

ARCH OF CONSTANTINE B2: Which imperial arch used to be located between the Temple of Divine Julius Caesar and the Temple of Castor and Pollux?

ARCH OF AUGUSTUS [FINAL SCORE]


Extra Questions

Language TU Which of the following, if any, is not derived from the same Latin root as the others: innocent, nocturnal, nuisance,

obnoxious, inoculate? NOCTURNAL

B1: From what Latin verb with what meaning is nocturnal derived? NOX = NIGHT

B2: From what Latin verb with what meaning are the other words derived? NOCEŌ = (TO) HARM, HURT, INJURE

History/Culture TU: For what occasion would a bloodless offering of spelt cake be made to Jupiter by the pontifex maximus?

A WEDDING B1: What type of Roman wedding began with the fictitious sale of the bride?

COEMPTIO B2: What was the name for the feast at the end of the wedding ceremony?

CENA NUPTIALIS

Mythology TU: In Book 5 of the Odyssey, what deity ventures to Ogygia to convince Calpyso to free Odysseus from her charms?

HERMES B1: For how long had Odysseus remained with Calypso under her spell?

7 YEARS B2: As Odysseus sails away from Ogygia his raft capsizes. What goddess covers him in a veil and guides him safely to the island

of Scheria? INO / LEUCOTHEA

2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN Page 13 INTERMEDIATE DIVISION - FINALS

1: TU: What son of Agave and king of Thebes was torn to pieces by his mother and aunts?

PENTHEUS B1: Name all of Pentheus’ maternal aunts

INO, AUTONOE, SEMELE B2: Who had Pentheus offended to deserve this fate?

DIONYSUS/BACCHUS 2: TU: What use of the dative case is illustrated in the Latin sentence, “mihi agendum est”?

(DATIVE OF) AGENT B1: What use of the dative case is illustrated in the Latin sentence, “locum castrīs dēligit?”

(DATIVE OF) PURPOSE B2: What use of the dative case is illustrated in the Latin sentence, “aurum eī dētrāxit?”

(DATIVE OF) SEPARATION 3: TU: In a legionary fortress, what was the Latin name for the room where the aquila was housed? SACELLUM B1: What was the valētūdinārium?

HOSPITAL B2: In the barracks of a legionary fortress, how many men could a contubernium accommodate?

EIGHT 4: TU: Of mūrus, pōns, turbō, and passus which would most likely be a “praesidium”?

MŪRUS B1: Of īnsula, pecūnia, causa, and hōra which would most likely be “opēs”?

PECŪNIA B2: Of īra, beneficium, celeritās, and salūs which would most likely result from “arrogantia”?

ĪRA 5: TU: What Latin adjective with what meaning lies at the root of the word “dismal”?

MALUS – EVIL, BAD B1: What Latin verb with what meaning lies at the root of the word “appalling”?

PALLEŌ, PALLĒRE – BE PALE, FADE B2: What Latin verb with what meaning lies at the root of the word “joystick”?

GAUDEŌ, GAUDĒRE – BE PLEASED, REJOICE

[SCORE CHECK] 6: TU: What city was captured by the Romans in 262 BC?

AGRIGENTUM B1: Who was the Carthaginian commander at Agrigentum?

HANNO B2: What Sicilian city had the Romans failed to besiege the previous year, though they were able to secure a diplomatic alliance? SYRACUSE 7: TU: From what crippled son of Hephaestus and Anticleia did Theseus seize a bronze club that the bandit had used to crack the

skulls of passersby? PERIPHETES / CORYNETES

B1: Name the king of Eleusis who was no match for Theseus in the arts of wrestling. CERCYON

B2: Give the name of the giant sow that Theseus killed at Crommyon. PHAEA


8: TU: Translate the following sentence into Latin: The father said that his son had been killed.

PATER DĪXIT (FĪLIŌS SUŌS) INTERFECTOS/NECĀTŌS ESSE B1: Translate the following sentence into English: senex scrībit uxōrem mox domum reventūram esse. THE OLD MAN WRITES THAT THE WIFE WILL RETURN HOME SOON B2: Translate the following sentence into Latin: I thought that the slave would prepare the food. PUTĀVĪ / PUTĀBAM SERVUM CIBUM PARĀTŪRUM ESSE 9: TU: What Nereid, beloved by Polyphemus, rejected his advances only to cause him to jealously throw a mountaintop at her lover?

GALATEA B1: Who was Galatea’s lover, the son of Symaethis and Faunus, whom Polyphemus attempted to destroy with a mountaintop?

ACIS B2: What happened to Acis after Polyphemus hit him with the mountaintop?

TURNED INTO A RIVER-GOD 10: TU: For the verb loquor, give the 2nd person plural, present subjunctive.

LOQUĀMINĪ B1: Change loquāminī to the imperfect tense.

LOQUERĒMINĪ B2: Change loquerēminī to the perfect tense.

LOCŪTĪ (-AE, -A) SĪTIS

[SCORE CHECK] 11: TU: Which of the following, if any, is not derived from “īra”: irritate, irascible, irate, ire?

IRRITATE B1: Which of the following, if any, is not derived from “manus”: maneuver, manual, manipulate, legerdemain, mansion

MANSION B2: From what Latin verb with what meaning is “indolent” derived?

DOLEŌ, DOLĒRE – HURT, BE IN PAIN 12: TU: What Roman told Antiochus IV to choose war or peace before he left a circle in the sand during his invasion of Egypt?

(C.) POPILIUS (LAENAS) B1: What revolt did Antiochus IV then stir up as he tried to save face?

THE REVOLT OF THE MACCABBEES IN ISRAEL B2: When did the Romans join an alliance with the Maccabees?

161 BC 13: TU: What use of the subjunctive is in the following sentence: dominus tam īrātus erat ut nihil dīcere posset?”

RESULT CLAUSE B1: …: dominus servōs mīsit quī cibum emerent?

RELATIVE CLAUSE OF PURPOSE B2: …: dominus servōs rogat ut surgerent?

INDIRECT COMMAND 14: TU What deity caused the sky to rain blood after the death of his son Sarpedon?

ZEUS B1: Who killed Sarpedon?

PATROCLUS


B2: What two deities carried Sarpedon’s body home to Lycia? HYPNOS & THANATOS

15: TU What use of the subjunctive is illustrated in the Latin phrase, “caveat emptor”?

HORTATORY/JUSSIVE B1: What use of the subjunctive is illustrated in the Latin phrase, “utinam Clōdius vīveret!”

OPTATIVE B2: What use of the subjunctive is illustrated in the Latin phrase, “quid agam?”

DELIBERATIVE

[SCORE CHECK] 16: TU: Who, believing that an emperor should not die while lying down, asked to be propped up as he uttered the words, “vae, putō

deus fīō”? VESPASIAN

B1: How had Vespasian incurred the displeasure of Nero? HE FELL ASLEEP DURING ONE OF NERO’S MUSICAL PERFORMANCES

B2: What unusal item did Vespasian tax, resulting in the Latin saying pecūnia nōn olet, which means “money doesn’t stink”? URINE

17: TU: Quid Anglicē significant: gemitus?

GROAN B1: … “tinniō”

RING B2: … “susurō”

WHISPER 18: TU: Carefully listen to the following passage, which I shall read twice; then answer the question that follows in English: ōlim parvus homō in silvā habitābat. parvus homō parvam vīllam habēbat. homō, ānulō mīrābilī inventō, ē vīllā discēssit ut ad montem ardentem cum octō amīcīs iter facerent. amīcīs ambulantibus, mōnstra terribilia appāruērunt et cum homine et amīcīs pugnābant. (repeat) The question: When did the little man decide to leave from his house?

AFTER HE FOUND A (STRANGE/MARVELOUS/WONDERFUL) RING B1: How many people traveled toward the burning mountain?

NINE B2: What hazard did the fellowship encounter?

MONSTERS 19: TU: What son of Theseus rejected the advances of his stepmother, though a note left behind asserted otherwise?

HIPPOLYTUS B1: Who was this woman who committed suicide after trying to seduce her stepson?

PHAEDRA B2: What deity, according to Aeschylus, reprimanded Theseus for causing Hippolytus’ death?

ARTEMIS

[SCORE CHECK] 20:


TU: Which emperor raised two legions from all social classes, including gladiators and slaves, and freed Italy of the threat of the invading Quadi and the Marcomanni?

MARCUS AURELIUS B1: What text did Marcus Aureilus spend his nights writing while dealing with the invading Germans? THE MEDITATIONS B2: In what city did Marcus Aurelius die while campaigning?

VINDOBONNA / VIENNA

[FINAL SCORE]

2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN INTERMEDIATE DIVISION Page 17 EXTRA-QUESTIONS

Extra Questions

Language

TU: What English word, derived from the Latin word “tantus” means “equivalent in value, force, effect, or signification”?

TANTAMOUNT B1: The word “occasion” comes from what Latin verb with what meaning?

CADŌ, CADERE – TO FALL B2: What derivative of the Latin word meaning “hope” means “a bold criminal or outlaw”?

DESPERADO TU What use of the subjunctive is illustrated in the Latin sentence, “tanta vīs probitātis est ut eam in hoste diligāmus?”

RESULT CLAUSE B1: What use of the subjunctive is illustrated in the Latin sentence, “erant quī censērent?”

RELATIVE CLAUSE OF CHARACTERISTIC B2: W hat use of the subjunctive is illustrated in the Latin sentence, “ōderint dum metuant?”

(CLAUSE OF) PROVISO Mythology TU: What queen of Joppa boasted that her daughter Andromeda was more beautiful than the Nereids? CASSIOPEIA B1: Who was the father of Andromeda?

CEPHEUS B2: What sea monster did Poseidon send to destroy Andromeda?

CETUS

TU: Complete the following analogy: Eurystheus : Heracles as Admetus : ________. APOLLO

B1: …. Aeneas : Achates as Orestes : ________. PYLADES

B2: …. Coronis: Aesclepius as ________: Phaeton CLYMENE

History/Culture

TU: What battle of 105 B.C ended so disastrously for the Romans that it was considered to be the worst defeat since Cannae?

ARAUSIO B1: What two tribes were victorious over the Romans at Arausio?

THE CIMBRI AND TEUTONES B2: Where did Marius defeat the Cimbri in 101 B.C?

VERCELLAE

TU: What king of Caenina did Romulus kill and, as a result, he was rewarded the very first spolia opima?!ACRON

B1: Whom did Cossus kill in 425 BC and, as a result, also earned him the spolia opima? TOLUMNIUS

B2: Whom did Marcellus kill at the Battle of Clastidium and, as a result, he was declared the winner of the spolia opima? VIRIDOMARUS

2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN Page 1 ADVANCED DIVISION - ROUND I

1: TU: Give all the supine forms for the verb inveniō.

INVENTUM & INVENTŪ B1: Say in Latin using a supine: “the soldiers hurried to the camp to find weapons” MĪLITĒS AD CASTRA FESTĪNĀVĒRUNT/CONTENDĒRUNT ARMA/TĒLA INVENTUM. Milites B2: Say in Latin using a supine: “a beautiful dress is very easy to find” STOLA PULCHRA EST FACILLIMA INVENTŪ 2: TU: Which Roman historian broke with the traditions of scholars such as Atticus and Varro by utilizing very little documentary

evidence in his Ab Urbe Condita? LIVY

B1: Which later author characterized Livy’s work as having lactea ubertas because of its rich and flowing abundance of material? QUINTILIAN

B2: Which general does Livy claim that the Romans would have defeated had he invaded Italy? ALEXANDER THE GREAT 3: TU: What domineering mother exerted a majority of the power during the reign of Severus Alexander? JULIA MAMAEA B1: What distinguished jurist served as Alexander’s Praetorian Prefect?

(DOMITIUS) ULPIANUS B2: What Thracian put an end to the rule of Mamaea and Alexander?

MAXIMINUS THRAX 4: TU: Who, after being mocked by his companion Epaphus concerning his parentage, travelled to his father’s palace and asked to

drive his chariot? PHAETHON

B1: In what river did Phaethon land after Jupiter knocked him out of the sky? ERIDANUS / PO

B2: Which of Phaethon’s relatives turned into a swan? CYCNUS

[SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: Differentiate in meaning between bōs and bis.

COW/TWICE B1: Differentiate in meaning between nōmen and nūmen.

NAME/DIVINE WILL B2: Differentiate in meaning between pontus and pondus.

SEA/WEIGHT 6: TU: In the Aeneid, what Gaetulian cheiftan prayed to his father Jupiter to rid Africa of Aeneas?

IARBAS B1: How did Iarbas learn of the relationship between Aeneas and Dido?

RUMOR / FAMA B2: Who appeared to Aeneas and instructed him to leave Carthage?

MERCURY 7: TU: With whom did Julius Caesar serve his first consulship?

BIBULUS B1: In what year did Caesar and Bibulus serve their consulship?

59 BC


B2: What tribune, a partisan of Caesar, passed a bill that granted Caesar immediate proconsular power for five years over the provinces of Cisalpine Gaul and Illyricum?

(P.) VATINIUS 8: TU: What work in dactylic hexameter covered a plague in Athens, the theory of atoms, and the philosophy of Epicurus in six

books? DĒ RĒRUM NĀTŪRĀ

B1: Who wrote the Dē Rērum Nātūrā? (T.) LUCRETIUS (CARUS)

B2: What other famous author is said to have edited the work for Lucretius? (M. TULLIUS) CICERO

[SCORE CHECK] 9: TU: What derivative of the Latin word meaning riot means, “noisy and disorderly”?

TUMULTUOUS B1: What derivative of the Latin word meaning change means, “not able to be changed”?

IMMUTABLE B2: What derivative of the Latin word meaning consider means, “undertaken with previous consideration, with some degree of

planning”? PREMEDITATED 10: TU: At his trial on the Areopagus, who defended Orestes on the charge of murder?

APOLLO B1: Who had cast the deciding vote in favor of Orestes’ acquittal?

ATHENA B2: What name was given to the Furies after Orestes’ acquittal?

EUMENIDES 11: TU: Which elegiac poet is famous for his Cynthia in his poems?

PROPERTIUS B1: What was Cynthia’s real name?

HOSTIA B2: What Greek title does Propertius give to his collection of poems?

(CYTHIA) MONOBIBLOS 12: TU: At what location in Africa were two battles fought in 255BC and 49BC? BAGRADAS VALLEY B1: Who was the victorious general at the battle in 49BC? JUBA I B2: What Roman general was defeated by Juba I? (GAIUS SCRIBONIUS) CURIO

[FINAL SCORE}


Extra Questions

LITERATURE TU: What famous writer’s correspondence with the emperor Trajan, gives readers a picture of how provinces were governed in

the time of the emperors? PLINY THE YOUNGER

B1: In one letter, Pliny discusses with Trajan the handling of what oft-persecuted religious group? CHRISTIANS

B2: In what province was Pliny governor? BITHYNIA

HISTORY/CULTURE TU: At what site were two emperor-deciding battles fought in 69 AD?

CREMONA / BEDRIACUM B1: What governor of Syria marched with 20,000 men through Asia Minor to invade Italy under the flag of Vespasian?

(C. LICINIUS) MUCIANUS B2: What general supporting Vespasian defeated the generals of Vitellius?

ANTONIUS PRIMUS

MYTHOLOGY TU: Name the deity who saved the Dardanian prince Aeneas from the hands of Achilles.

POSEIDON B1: Why did Poseidon save Aeneas despite the fact that Poseidon was supporting the Greeks?

AENEAS WAS DESTINED TO FOUND A NEW HOME FOR THE TROJANS (LAVINIUM) B2: Name the deity who saved Paris from Menelaus.

APHRODITE LANGUAGE TU What use of the accusative case can be found in the phrase “en quattuor aras”?

EXCLAMATION B1: What use of the accusative case can be found in the phrase “redolens vinum”?

COGNATE / KINDRED SPECIFICATION B2: What use of the accusative case can be found in the phrase “maximam partem”?

ADVERBIAL

2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN Page 4 ADVANCED DIVISION - ROUND II

1: TU: Who wrote the stories of a eunuch, a mother-in-law, and a self-tormentor into his comedies in the Second Century B.C.?

(P.) TERENTIUS AFER / TERENCE B1: Which of Terence’s works is his earliest?

ANDRIA B2: Which of Terence’s works is the story of two brothers, one raised in the city and one raised in the country?

ADELPHOI 2: TU: Name the son of Peirithous who led forty ships to Troy.

POLYPOETES B1: Name the king of Cyprus who sent his son Mygdalion with 50 ships to Troy.

CINYRAS B2: Of what were the majority of the ships made?

CLAY 3: TU: What garment, known as the vestis cēnātōria or cēnātōrium, was worn by fashionable men over the tunic at dinner parties?

SYNTHESIS B1: The synthesis was never worn out of the house except during which festival?

SATURNALIA B2: To what general Latin term of clothing do garments such as the synthesis belong?

AMICTUS 4: TU: Which of the following, if any, does not belong? educate, abduction, deuce, produce, conduct

DEUCE B1: Give the Latin verb and its definition that lies at the root of the other words in the toss-up.

DŪCŌ - LEAD B2: What derivative of duco means “to make smaller”.

REDUCE

[SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: Who gave Odysseus the bow that the suitors tried and failed to use?

IPHITUS B1: Who killed Iphitus, preventing Odysseus from hosting him and returning his generosity? HERACLES B2: Who brought the bow out when Penelope asked him to?

EUMAIUS 6: TU: Give an antonym of extrā.

INTRĀ B1: Give an antonym of incipiō.

FINIO, CŌNFICIŌ, PERFICIŌ B2: Give an antonym of sapiens.

STULTUS 7: TU: The great library at Alexandria was destroyed when which emperor sacked the city in 215 AD? CARACALLA B1: Of which famous Greek did Caracalla believe himself to be the reincarnation? ALEXANDER THE GREAT B2: Outside of which city, the site of a previous Roman defeat, was Caracalla murdered in 217 AD? CARRHAE


8: TU: What composition by Cicero ultimately brought about his death?

THE PHILLIPICS B1: Which Greek orator was the inspiration for Cicero’s Philippics?

DEMOSTHENES B2: How many speeches did Cicero write in the Philippics?

14

[SCORE CHECK] 9: TU: Name the three men sent by Agamemnon to appease Achilles. PHOENIX, ODYSSEUS, AJAX THE GREATER (TELAMON) B1: Name Agamemon’s three daughters whom he was willing to marry off to Achilles in exchange for Achilles returning to the

fight. CHRYSOTHEMIS, LAODICE, IPHIANASSA

B2: Why did Phoenix flee his homeland? HE SLEPT WITH HIS FATHER’S MISTRESS AT HIS MOTHER’S BEQUEST AND HIS FATHER DECLARED A BLOOD FEUD 10: TU: Translate the following sentence into English: sī Mārcus rēgem interfēcerit, senātōrēs laetissimī erunt. IF MARCUS KILLS THE KING, THE SENATORS WILL BE VERY HAPPY B1: What type of condition is in that sentence?

FUTURE-MORE-VIVID B2: Make all necessary changes to the Latin sentence in the Toss-up to make the condition Future-Less- Vivid.

INTERFICIAT, SINT 11: TU: Whose assassination led to the Social War?

(LIVIUS) DRUSUS THE YOUNGER B1: Why was the Social War sometimes called the Marsic War?

MARSI WAS ONE OF THE ITALIAN TRIBES WHO FOUGHT AGAINST THE ROMANS B2: What law, passed by Lucius Caesar, granted citizenship to allies who had not rebelled against Rome? LĒX IŪLIA 12: TU: Whose jealousy of a sparrow was one of the many sticking points in his tumultuous relationship with the woman he called

Lesbia? (C. VALERIUS) CATULLUS

B1: What was Lesbia’s real name, according to most sources? CLODIA

B2: What two friends did Catullus send to break up with Lesbia, according to his poem 11? FURIUS and AURELIUS

[FINAL SCORE]


Extra Questions LANGUAGE TU: Complete this analogy: amīcus:amīcitia::pius:___________

PIETĀS B1: dēns:ōs::sīdus:______________

CAELUM, AETHĒR, POLUS B2: siccus:ūmidus::dūrus:______________

MOLLIS HISTORY/CULTURE TU Against Germanic Chieftain did Caesar fight in 58 B.C?

ARIOVISTUS B1: Of what tribe was Ariovistus the chieftain?

SUEBI B2: Where did Caesar defeat Ariovistus in 58 B.C?

BATTLE OF VOSGES MYTHOLOGY TU: Name the son of Capaneus who rode off with the horses of Aeneas.

STHENELUS B1: Name the son of Tydeus who stole the horses of Rhesus.

DIOMEDES B2: Name the horses of Achilles.

XANTHUS AND BALIUS LITERATURE TU: What Roman poet wrote the words Exegī monumentum aere perennius at the end of his third book of Odes?

HORACE B1: What did Horace call his Satires in Latin?

SERMONĒS B2: In which of his works did Horace invoke both Apollo and Diana as a celebration of Roman youth?

CARMEN SAECULARE

2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN Page 7 ADVANCED DIVISION - ROUND III

1: TU: Which of Constantine’s rivals was captured and executed in 325 AD? LICINIUS B1: Which emperor had elevated Licinius to the rank of Augustus to replace the deceased Severus in November of 308 AD?

GALERIUS B2: What did Constantine build to celebrate his victory over Licinius?

CONSTANTINOPLE 2: TU: According to most versions, which king of Tyre was the father of Europa?

AGENOR B1: Who was Agenor’s wife, the mother of Europa?

TELEPHASSA / ARGIOPE B2: Name the three sons of Zeus and Europa.

MINOS, RHADAMANTHYS, & SARPEDON 3: TU: Please translate the following sentence into Latin using an archaic present passive infinitive form: A beautiful woman wants

to be loved by everyone. FĒMINA PULCHRA AB OMNIBUS AMĀRIER VULT B1: Please translate the following sentence into Latin using a future imperative: You all, work diligently tomorrow! (VŌS OMNĒS), DĪLIGENTER LABŌRĀTŌTE CRĀS B2: Please translate the following sentence into Latin using a future imperative: Embrace your wives tomorrow, men! VIRĪ, AMPLECTANTOR UXŌRĒS / CONIUGĒS (VESTRĀS) CRĀS 4: TU: What Thracian writer, a lībertus Augustī, wrote five books of fables?

(C. IŪLIUS) PHAEDRUS B1: On whose Greek fables were these based?

AESOP’S B2: In what meter did Phaedrus write his fables?

IAMBIC TRIMETER / IAMBIC SENARIUS

[SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: Please distinguish in meaning between cor and for.

HEART // TO SPEAK B1: Please distinguish in meaning between tendō and tundō.

TO STRETCH // TO BEAT, STRIKE B2: Please distinguish in meaning between fīgō and fīngō. TO FASTEN // TO PRETEND, INVENT, FORGE 6: TU: In whose satirical picaresque Latin novel are the adventures of Encolpius and Ascyltus recounted?

PETRONIUS’ B1: Petronius’ Satyricon is considered to be a Menippean satire. What does this mean? SATIRE WRITTEN WITH A MIXTURE OF PROSE & POETRY B2: Whose lavish banquet is the principal episode of the extant portion of Petronius’ Satyricon? TRIMALCHIO’S

7: TU: What impudent boy was transformed into a lizard for mocking the way Ceres drank? ASCALABUS / STELLIO B1: Who was changed into an owl for telling on Proserpina?

ASCALAPHUS B2: According to Ovid, how many pomegranate seeds did Proserpina eat?

SEVEN


8: TU: Where in 47 BC did Julius Caesar defeat Pharnaces and utter the phrase “vēnī, vīdī, vīcī”?

ZELA B1: Pharnaces was the son of which great enemy of Rome?

MITHRIDATES (VI / EUPATOR) B2: Which two famous Roman commanders precipitated civil war by fighting over the original command against Mithridates?

MARIUS & SULLA

[SCORE CHECK] 9: TU: Which Silver Age author made fun of the abilities of the doctors of his day by accusing a certain Symmachus’ medical

students of making him sick in one of his epigrams? (C. VALERIUS) MARTIAL(IS) B1: What is the Latin title of Martial’s earliest extant work, in which the spectacles of the inaugural games of the amphitheātrum

Flāvium are described? LIBER SPECTĀCULŌRUM B2: Give the titles of the two books of epigrams that contain mottoes appropriate to gifts sent to friends and gifts taken home

from the banquets at the festival of Saturnalia. XENIA & APOPHORĒTA 10: TU: Give the present, singular imperative for the verb profiteor.

PROFITĒRE B1: Change profitēre to the plural.

PROFITĒMINĪ B2: Change profitēre to the negative.

NŌLĪ PROFITĒRĪ 11: TU: Name Odysseus’ comrade who, while intoxicated, fell off a roof and broke his neck.

ELPENOR B1: On what island did this occur?

AEAEA B2: To what land does Odysseus travel after returning to bury Elpenor? THRINACIA 12: TU: What was a suovetaurīlia?

A SACRIFICE OF A PIG, SHEEP, & OXEN B1: At what temple would a triumphal general perform this sacrifice? TEMPLE OF JUPITER OPTIMUS MAXIMUS / CAPITOLINUS B2: During what annual festival was the suovetaurīlia performed by farmers to purify the fields while the Arval Brotherhood

purified the boundaries of the State? AMBARVĀLIA

[FINAL SCORE]


Extra Questions LANGUAGE TU: Say in Latin: “in the thirtieth year”.

TRĪCĒNSIMŌ ANNŌ (OR TRĪCĒSIMŌ) B1: Say in Latin “in the twelfth month”

DUŌDECIMŌ MĒNSE B2: Say in Latin “on the twenty-first birthday”

VĪCĒNSIMŌ PRĪMŌ DIĒ NATĀLĪ HISTORY/CULTURE TU: Where did the Romans defeat a Carthaginian army under the command of Hasdrubal in 208 B.C?

BAECULA B1: Who commanded the Roman forces at this battle?

SCIPIO AFRICANUS B2: At what battle was Hasdrubal ultimately killed in 207 B.C?

BATTLE OF THE METAURUS RIVER MYTHOLOGY TU: Who flung himself from the peak of Mt. Parnassus while grieving over his daughter and was transformed by Apollo into a

hawk? DAEDALION

B1: Who was his daughter? CHIONE

B2: Artemis killed Chione for boasting that she slept with two gods on the same day. Who were these two gods? HERMES & APOLLO

LITERATURE(TU In which speech, delivered in 63 B.C., does Cicero defend a consul designate accused of electoral corruption?

PRO MURENA B1: In which speech of 59 B.C. does Cicero defend a man against a charge of extortion as proconsul in Asia?

PRO FLACCO B2: In which speech of 52 B.C. does Cicero argue that his client had only murdered Clodius out of self-defense?

PRO MILONE

2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN Page 10 ADVANCED DIVISION - ROUND IV

1: TU: Who imprisoned Ares in a bronze vessel? OTUS & EPHIALTES (THE ALOIDAE) B1: What mountains did they pile on top of each other in an attempt to reach Mt. Olympus? PELION & OSSA B2: How did the brothers die? ACCIDENTALLY KILLED EACH OTHER WHILE PURSUING ARTEMIS 2: TU “Helping the homeless”, “a perfect score on the SAT”, “stealing from a charity,” or “meeting a childhood friend.” Which of

these would best be described as odious? STEALING FROM A CHARITY B1: Is someone culpable: formidable, commendable, enraged, or blameworthy? BLAMEWORTHY B2: Is a disputation a lie, an argument, a deferment, or based on what is earned? AN ARGUMENT 3: TU: Other than alliteration, what figure of speech is illustrated in these lines from Vergil: tum pinguēs agnī, et tum mollissima vīna, tum somnī dulcēs, dēnsaeque in montibus umbrae.

ANAPHORA B1: Other than alliteration, name the figure of speech that is illustrated in this line from Ennius: ibid quid agat sēcum cōgitat, cūrat, putat.

ASYNDETON / TRICOLON B2: What figure of speech, other than alliteration, is illustrated in this line from Lucretius: sēminaque innumerō numerō summāque profundā.

CHIASMUS, OXYMORON 4: TU: What emperor restored control of Macedonia and Achaea to the Senate as well as the right of the Senate to elect curule

magistrates as he assumed the role of Censor? CLAUDIUS

B1: Who, the husband of Claudius’ mother-in-law, was accused of plotting against Claudius in 42 AD? (GAIUS APPIUS JUNIUS) SILANUS B2: Along with Tiberius’ grand-daughter Julia, Tiberius executed what other relative, his own niece and a sister of the former

Emperor Caligula? (JULIA) LIVILLA

[SCORE CHECK] 5: TU: What foreign people, considered noble savages by some Roman historians, were the subjects of works by Pliny the Elder and

Tacitus? GERMANS

B1: What biography did Tacitus write in the same year as his Germania? AGRICOLA

B2: What early work of Tacitus addressed the decline in oratory? DIALOGUS DĒ ŌRĀTŌRIBUS

6: TU: What aged couple emigrated to Illyria from Thebes after their four daughters and two grandchildren all died tragically due to

hybris or madness? CADMUS & HARMONIA

B1: What Illyrian tribe did they lead in battle while riding in an oxcart? ENCHELEANS

B2: Into what did Ares change Cadmus and Harmonia before he sent them to the Elysian Fields? SNAKES


7: TU: Please translate the following sentence into idiomatic English: captīvīs nūlla spēs effugiendī est. THE CAPTIVES HAVE NO HOPE OF ESCAPING B1: What case and use is captīvīs?

DATIVE OF POSSESSION B2: What form and case is effugiendī?

GERUND – GENITIVE 8: TU: Who led the Roman army that captured the city of Eryx circa 248 BC? (IUNIUS) PULLUS B1: On the mountain behind Drepana, Pullus captured a temple dedicated to which Greek goddess? APHRODITE B2: What Carthaginian admiral had defeated Iunius Pullus at Cape Passaro in 249 BC, a few days after the disaster at Drepana?

CARTHALO

[SCORE CHECK] 9: TU: Identify the type of subjunctive clause found in the following sentence: crīmen probābit, dummodo vēritātem reperiat.

CLAUSE OF PROVISO B1: Translate the sentence in the toss-up: HE WILL PROVE THE CHARGE, PROVIDED THAT HE FINDS THE TRUTH B2: Make all necessary changes to make the clause of proviso in the toss-up negative: ADD a “NĒ” after DUMMODO 10: TU: Declarations of war and ratifications of peace were overseen by which Roman priests?

FĒTIĀLĒS B1: How many fētiālēs were there?

TWENTY B2: Haruspicēs, or soothsayers, originally came from what people?

ETRUSCANS 11: TU: Who wrote a 15 book epic, a series of stories about mythological transformations, called the Metamorphoses?

(P.) OVID(IUS NASO) B1: Who is the last character to be transformed in Ovid’s Metamorphoses?

(C. JULIUS) CAESAR B2: What work on the Roman calendar and festival days did Ovid leave unfinished when he was exiled? FASTI 12: TU: Who made it home from Troy without a single wound after he killed Priam? NEOPTOLEMUS / PYRRHUS B1: Who was awarded to Neoptolemus as a concubine?

ANDROMACHE B2: Name Cassandra’s suitor whom Neoptolemus killed.

COROEBUS

[FINAL SCORE]


Extra Questions

LANGUAGE TU: Translate the following sentence into English: Nesciō quis hās epistulās mittat.

I DON’T KNOW WHO SENT THESE LETTERS B1: Translate: Miror ubi meī amicī sint.

I WONDER WHERE MY FRIENDS ARE B2: Translate: Lucius Marcum rogāvit utrum laetus an maestus esset.

LUCIUS ASKED MARCUS WHETHER HE WAS HAPPY OR SAD MYTHOLOGY TU: Who injured a Dryad when he cut down a tree in Demeter’s sacred grove?

ERYSICHTHON B1: How was Erysichthon punished?

INSATIABLE HUNGER B2: Name Erysichthon’s daughter whom he sold for food on a daily basis?

MESTRA HISTORY/LIFE TU: The eastern part of which of the Seven Hills of Rome contained the graves of paupers?

THE ESQUILINE HILL B1: The danger to public health became so great that Augustus made the Esquiline into a park. What was this park called?

HORTI MAECENATIS / GARDENS OF MAECENAS B2: What happened to the bodies of criminals who had been put to death and where did these bodies end up?

THEIR BODIES WERE LEFT UNBURIED AT THE ESQUILINE GATE LITERATURE TU What Milesian tale follows the story of a man named Lucius turned into a donkey and the course of events which follow?

THE GOLDEN ASS / METAMORPHOSES B1: In order to become human again, what must Lucius do?

EAT ROSES B2: After Lucius transforms back into a man, he converts into the cult of what goddess?

ISIS

2013 MASSACHUSETTS CERTAMEN Page 13 ADVANCED DIVISION - FINALS

1: TU: In which of his Eclogues does the shepherd Tityrus represent Vergil himself? ECLOGUE 1 B1: According to Eclogues #6 & #9, what Roman general helped Vergil regain his farm?

(ALFENUS)VARUS B2: In Eclogue #10, what poet appears in the countryside lamenting over his love for Lycoris?

(CORNELIUS) GALLUS 2: TU: Name the son of Capaneus who rode off with the horses of Aeneas in Homer’s Iliad.

STHENELUS B1: Name the son of Tydeus who stole the horses of Rhesus.

DIOMEDES B2: Name the immortal horses of Achilles.

XANTHUS AND BALIUS 3: TU: What use of the accusative case is found in phrases such as id temporis and meam vicem? ADVERBIAL ACCUSATIVE B1: What use of the dative is found in the following: quid mihi cum libertāte? ETHICAL DATIVE / DATIVE OF REFERENCE B2: What use of the genitive is found in the following: foederis heu tacitī? GENITIVE OF EXCLAMATION 4: TU: Who was misled by a false rumor of the death of Marcus Aurelius and had himself proclaimed emperor only to be crushed

immediately? AVIDIUS CASSIUS

B1: Who sent a letter that led Cassius to believe that the emperor had passed? FAUSTINA THE YOUNGER

B2: What daughter of Marcus Aurelius and wife of Lucius Verus unsuccessfully attempted to assassinate her own brother Commodus?

LUCILLA 5: TU: Differentiate in meaning between torvus and torus.

STERN, GRIM/COUCH B1: Differentiate in meaning between pergō and peragō.

CONTINUE/ACCOMPLISH B2: Differentiate in meaning between habēna and harēna.

REIN, STRAP/SAND

[SCORE CHECK] 6: TU: Whose herdsman Onetor failed to protect his flocks in Phthia from being ravaged?

PELEUS B1: What animal attacked Onetor’s cattle?

A WOLF B2: Peleus concluded that the wolf attacked Onetor because Peleus himself had killed the son of Psamanthe. Name Psamanthe’s

son. PHOCUS

7: TU: At what battle in 340 BC did Publius Decius Mus commit the first devotio of his family according to Livy?

MT. VESUVIUS B1: What co-consul of Decius executed his own son after the battle for leaving his post against orders?

(TITUS MANLIUS) TORQUATUS B2: How had Torquatus earned his cognomen in his youth?


WRESTLED A GIANT GAUL & STOLE HIS COLLAR 8: TU: For the verb ferō, give the third person singular, future active imperative form.

FERTŌ B1: Change fertō to the plural.

FERUNTŌ B2: Change feruntō to the passive.

FERUNTOR 9: TU: In which of his works did Horace employ 19 different metrical patterns, all borrowed from the Greek? CARMINA / ODES B1 & B2: For five points each, name two of the three dominant meters used in the Odes. ALCAIC / SAPPHIC / ASCLEPIAD 10: TU: Does the English derivative “probity” mean, integrity, betrayal, investigation, or denial?

INTEGRITY B1: Which derivative from the same root means, “a morally unprincipled person”?

REPROBATE B2: Which derivative from the same root means “to scold or to rebuke for a misdeed”?

REPROVE [SCORE CHECK] 11: TU: According to Ovid, who was recognized by his companion Macareus upon his arrival to Italy as a new member of Aeneas’

crew? ACHAEMENIDES

B1: How did Macareus and Achaemenides know each other? THEY BOTH SERVED UNDER ULYSSES

B2: Where did Aeneas pick up Achaemenides? AETNA (SICILY)

12: TU: Identify the type of conditional sentence found in the following: sī illam fāmam fīnxissēs, sociōs prōdidissēs.

PAST CONTRARY-TO-FACT B1: Translate the sentence in the toss-up: IF YOU HAD FAKED / MADE (UP) THAT RUMOR, YOU WOULD HAVE BETRAYED {YOUR} COMPANIONS / FRIENDS / ALLIES B2: Make all necessary changes to make this a present contrary-to-fact condition. FINGERĒS, PRŌDERĒS 13: TU: Domitian was largely hostile to foreign gods, except one. Name this deity, on whose order Domitian had disguised himself

while fleeing Rome during the Civil War of 69 AD? ISIS

B1: Domitian actually restored the temple complex of Isis and Serapis, which had been destroyed in the great fire. What architectural addition did he make to the temple?

EGYPTIAN OBELISKS B2: Along with the completion of the Colosseum and the Arch of Titus, Domitian built several more public works. What two

Hellenic structures did he build on the Campus Martius? THE STADIUM & ODEUM (MUSIC HALL) 14: TU: Which of the following Latin words is not related to the others? vērō, vir, vēritās, vērum

VIR


B1: Which of the following Latin words is not related to the others? fortūna, fortiter, fortis, fortissimus FORTŪNA B2: Which of the following Latin words is not related to the others? lībertās, līberō, liber, līberī

LIBER 15: TU: Satis eloquentiae, sapientiae parum was the chiastic description of Catiline penned by what terse historian?

(C.) SALLUST(IUS CRISPUS) B1: What is the title of Sallust’s work on Catiline’s conspiracy?

BELLUM CATILINAE B2: What other conflict did Sallust cover in a similar monograph?

THE JUGURTHAN WAR [SCORE CHECK] 16: TU: Upon Caesar’s return from a poorly executed invasion of Britain, what Gallic city did he besiege in response to an uprising

led by Vercingetorix? AVARICUM

B1: However, Caesar was not always victorious. At what siege was Caesar defeated by Vercingetorix farther south of Avaricum? GERGOVIA

B2: What final major siege, in which Caesar truly broke the Gallic resistance, did the Romans face a two-front battle from both the besieged Gauls and the reinforcements from around Gaul who rallied to Vercingetorix?

ALESIA 17: TU: Differentiate in meaning between iuvō and iūrō.

HELP/SWEAR B1: Differentiate in meaning between queror and quaerō.

COMPLAIN/SEEK, ASK B2: Differentiate in meaning between iam diū and iam prīdem. FOR A LONG TIME NOW/LONG SINCE 18: TU: Who was the literary patron of Lygdamus, Sulpicia, and Tibullus?

MESSALA CORVINUS B1: To whom are Sulpicia’s love poems addressed in the Corpus Tibullianum?

CERINTHUS (HER HUSBAND) B2: For the conquest of what Gallic tribe did Messala celebrate a triumph in 27 BC?

AQUITANI 19: TU: What water-nymph, having been given immortality by Jupiter in return for her favors, is the sister of Turnus?

JUTURNA B1: Juturna disguises herself as which charioteer of Turnus?

METISCUS B2: Whom does Jupiter send to let Juturna know that she must leave Turnus to meet his fate?

CALAENO [SCORE CHECK] 20: TU: When you are recognized by the moderator, complete the actions described in the sentence: surge, et simulāns tē esse caecum, ambulā ad auditōrēs. STUDENT STANDS AND WALKS TOWARDS LISTENERS AS IF BLIND B1: When you are recognized by the moderator, complete the actions described in the sentence surge, et simulāns tē artem magicae scīre, mutā socium in equum. STUDENT STANDS AND PRETENDS TO MAGICALLY TURN A FRIEND INTO A HORSE


B2: When you are recognized by the moderator, complete the actions described in the sentence surgite et dīcite Anglicē “sī quis nōbīs auxiliō sit, pecūniam eī dēmus”. STUDENTS STAND AND SAY “IF ANYONE SHOULD BE OF HELP TO US, WE WOULD GIVE HIM MONEY” [FINAL SCORE]

2013 AREA A CERTAMEN Page 17 ADVANCED DIVISION - EXTRA-QUESTIONS

LANGUAGE What use of the genitive case can be found in the following sentence? Meminī hūmānae īnfirmitatis.

GENITIVE WITH VERBS OF REMEMBERING B1: What use of the genitive case can be found in this sentence? Mē furtī arguit.

CHARGE / PENALTY B2: What use of the genitive case can be found in this sentence? Haec domus est patris meī.

PREDICATE / POSSESSION

Translate the following sentence into English. Omnēs civēs timent nē Catilina rem publicam delēre vēlint. ALL THE CITIZENS FEAR THAT CATILINE WANTS TO DESTROY THE REPUBLIC

B1: Translate this sentence into English. Senatus consulem mīsit quī Catilinam punīret. THE SENATE SENT THE CONSUL TO PUNISH CATILINE

B2: Translate this sentence into English. Civēs gaudēbunt dummodo Catilina absit. THE CITIZENS WILL REJOICE PROVIDED THAT CATILINE IS AWAY

What grammatical term refers to nouns such as lepus and vulpes?

EPICENE B1: What grammatical term refers to nouns such as domus and colus?

HETEROCLITE B2: What grammatical term refers to nouns such as carbasus and balneum?

HETEROGENEOUS MYTHOLOGY What deity disguises as both Lycaon and Agenor to lend assistance to the Trojans and help them defend themselves from Achilles in the Iliad?

APOLLO B1: Whom does Apollo in the form of Lycaon encourage to fight Achilles in Book 20?

AENEAS B2: In Book 21, how does Apollo assist the Trojans in the form of Agenor?

LURES ACHILLES AWAY FROM THE SCAEAN GATE HISTORY & LIFE Olives were pressed twice in the process of making olive oil. What was the name for the result from the first pressing?

AMURCA B1: What was the result from the second pressing called?

OLEUM OLIVUM B2: Give the name for the jar used to collect the olive oil.

LABRUM FICTILE What Novus Homo, after being expelled from the senate and stripped from his power as governor, retired from a life of politics in order to write historical monographs about them instead?

SALLUST B1: In what newly established province did Sallust hold his power as governor?

AFRICA NOVA B2: Give the Latin titles of both of Sallust’s historical monographs.

BELLUM CATILINAE & BELLUM IUGURTHINUM LITERATURE Which play of Plautus concludes with the line: “clap your hands, audience, for Jupiter almighty’s sake”?

AMPHITRUO

2013 AREA A CERTAMEN Page 18 ADVANCED DIVISION - EXTRA-QUESTIONS

B1 and B2: For five points each, name two of Plautus’s works which are said to be his favorites. EPIDICUS & PSEUDOLUS

What author whose father had participated in the battle of Bedriacum of 69 A.D. compiled a collection of biographies of authors entitled De Viris Illustribus?

SUETONIUS B1: Give the title of the only extant section of De Viris Illustribus which focuses on scholars and philologers.

DE GRAMMATICIIS ET RHETORIBUS B2: From what section of De Viris Illustribus do we learn about the lives of Lucan, Horace, and Terence?

DE POETIS In what work does the author act as an umpire while his friends, a pagan and a Christian, debate Christianity?

OCTAVIUS B1: Who was the author of this work?

MINUCIUS FELIX B2: The Octavius may have been written to refute an attack against Christianity by what other author? FRONTO

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