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2015-Briefing-Hybrid warfare

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C de Waart Intelligence To Rent: In CONFIDENCE The term ‘hybrid warfare’ appeared at least as early as 2005 and was subsequently used to describe the strategy used by the Hezbollah in the 2006 Lebanon War. Since then, the term “hybrid” has dominated much of the discussion about modern and future warfare, to the point where it has been adopted by senior military leaders and promoted as a basis for modern military strategies. In practice, any threat can be hybrid as long as it is not limited to a single form and dimension of warfare. When any threat or use of force is defined as hybrid, the term loses its value and causes confusion instead of clarifying the “reality” of modern warfare. Hybrid warfare
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Page 1: 2015-Briefing-Hybrid warfare

C de Waart Intelligence To Rent:In CONFIDENCE

The term ‘hybrid warfare’ appeared at least as early as 2005 and was subsequently used to describe the strategy used by the Hezbollah in the 2006 Lebanon War. Since

then, the term “hybrid” has dominated much of the discussion about modern and future warfare, to the point where it has been adopted by senior military leaders and

promoted as a basis for modern military strategies.

In practice, any threat can be hybrid as long as it is not limited to a single form and dimension of warfare. When any threat or use of force is defined as hybrid, the term loses

its value and causes confusion instead of clarifying the “reality” of modern warfare.

‘Hybrid warfare’

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C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

We in the West are lately discussing the Russian concept used in the Ukraine case, we should broaden our analysis. * The Western multinational expeditionary operations tradition — called also “military crisis management” in the European context — has developed towards a comprehensive approach during the post-Cold War era. * Now, in Ukraine, the Russian application of comprehensive approach to traditional warfare — combining economic, informational and military means — is supposedly something totally new, worth the name hybrid war.

For years it has been crystal clear within the West that military operations must be planned and executed within a broader framework, including political, economic and cultural factors. The introduction of the term “comprehensive approach” is a case in point.

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C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

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C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

The United States’ overwhelming conventional military superiority has forced its enemies to fight unconventionally, mixing modern technology with the classic techniques of insurgency and terrorism (FM3-24, 2006:ix). Even the most cursory review of recent military history teaches these enemies to mimic the tactics of American foes in Vietnam or Somalia and avoid conflicts like the Gulf Wars.

A strategic concept of “hybrid wars” or “non-linear wars” has reshaped the new doctrine of the Russian Armed Forces. – While its underlying principles are still imprecise small states should study

such ideas with an eye to how it might impact their national defence in the future.

– IN FEBRUARY 2013, the current Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia, and first Deputy Defence Minister, Gen. Valery Gerasimov, published an article in the Russian newspaper Military-Industrial Courier projecting the conceptual contours of future conflicts: the so-called "hybrid wars" or "non-linear wars.“

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C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

At a recent event sponsored by NATO and organized by the Atlantic Council, attendees were told that “there is no agreed definition of terms related to hybrid warfare.”

In other words, the 28 members of the North Atlantic Alliance cannot agree on a clear definition of what they are facing.

How can NATO leaders expect to develop an effective military strategy if they cannot define what they believe is the threat of the day?

Most, if not all, conflicts in the history of mankind have been defined by the use of asymmetries that exploit an opponent’s weaknesses, thus leading to complex situations involving regular/irregular and conventional / unconventional tactics. Similarly, the rise of cyber warfare has not fundamentally changed the nature of warfare, but expanded its use in a new dimension.

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C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

Hybrid warfare is a military strategy that blends conventional warfare, irregular warfare and cyber warfare.

• Multidimensional, unified conflict – The characteristic of emerging hybrid conflicts is

“multidimensionality.” • Operational conduct

– Assessing the operational conduct by the Russian armed forces in Ukraine shows phases of hybrid conflict

• Implications for small states – The “permanency of conflict” is a difficult environment in which to

operate on a daily basis; individuals and most nations (Israel may be the exception) are not normally accustomed to operating in such a milieu, psychologically, politically, economically, or militarily.

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C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

Other’s used it, worse we teached them.

• As layed out by Al Qaida doctrine in their long-term plan, in the pusue of the Caliphate, AQ and the Daesh (wrongly called the Islamic State by the West), acts inline with the phases and predictions of a Strategic intent, - reflecting Phase V and VI of AQSL 2020 plan; the luring / building and forming of the Islamic Army could be next. Statements from the past have given the indication that it will be not so much building but luring standing regular Muslim forces over to their side. The unexpected flow of Islamic volunteers: foreign fighter to the DAESH Caliphate is if serious concern, as well as their returnees.

– “Supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy’s resistance without fighting.” — Sun Tzu, The Art of War

– “The backbone of surprise is fusing speed with secrecy.” — Carl von Clausewitz, Vom Kriege

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C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

An Analytic Problem of Understanding Salafist Ideology

8

Ideology/Ideology/Culture/DoctrineCulture/Doctrine

TawhidJihad.

Dawa

Hesba

Sharia.

al-Wala' wa-l-Bara; allegiance and disavowal; Takfir,

Savagery

Hijra

  "The Closing of Bab al-Ijtihad."   The Closing of the Muslim MindSalafist doctrines; As-Salaf us-Salih (the Salaf) refers to the first and best three generations of Muslims

The Near and far: Dar al-Islam, the citizenry abide by the ordinances, rules, edicts, and assembly of Islam. Dar al-harb, the House of War. March 3, 1924, the Ottoman Caliphate was abolished, The Caliphate Conference. Cairo. May 1926

"End-of-Time Battle"Khorasan

Quran, Hadith, jurespudence; Fiqh

While hiding in Afghan caves, al-Zawahiri wrote a second book, Knights Under the Prophet’s Banner, about his career and philosophy as a terrorist. His first book in 1991, Bitter Harvest, gives what one biographer described as “a moral justification for nearly indiscriminate murder under the pretext of jihad.”

Haram

Sunni - Shia

Amirul Mu'mineen

Mujtahid specialist on the deduction of the Islamic rules from four major sources: the Qur'an, Hadith, conscience of the community, and reasoning.

Quraysh

Fatwa

council for Ahl al-Hall wa al-Aqd ; those who loose and bind

Blooodline – Tribe - Fighting Commander

Madhi

The Cloack

Two Caliphs

al Qaeda names its primary enemy as "the Jews and Crusaders.“The second is the so-called "apostate rulers, The IS reverse!

Dar al-Kufr

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Knights Under the Prophet's Banner with the subtitle "Reflections into the Jihad Movement,"

Around 2008, Exoneration of the Nation of the Pen and the Sword of the Denigrating Charge of being Undetermined and Powerless

Dec 2009, The Morning and the Lantern

Ayman al Zawahiri As-Sahab Media Presents General Guidelines for Jihad

Al-Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahiri published the second edition of his book “Winds of Paradise,” clarifying in it the proper conduct of suicide operations and how to respond to enemy propaganda against them.

Management of Savagery: The Most Critical Stage Through Which the Ummah Will Pass; Abu Bakr Naji

"The Global Islamic Resistance Call"

Did you read them? –“do you understand these and their relationships?”   “IF not, how can you identify an effective strategy?”

Sayyid Qutb

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C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

“Liberating the Muslim nation,” wrote Ayman Muhammad Rabi al-Zawahiri in Knights Under the Banner of the Prophet. "This wave of Jihad that originated in Afghanistan and has spread to Iraq, the Levant and North Africa is also the ultimate hope of the Muslims of the Subcontinent," Yusuf writes. "It was Jihad that brought Islam to the Indian Subcontinent, and it will be Jihad again that will overturn the legacy of imperialism from Pakistan to Bangladesh and beyond." Ayman al Zawahiri and other al Qaeda leaders have repeatedly tried to position the terrorist organization as the vanguard of Muslims throughout the region. And al-Suri’s book: The Call for Global Islamic Resistance by Abu-Mus‘ab al-Suri, ‘Umar ‘Abd al-Hakim, Oct 2006 is most likely still used for seeking strategic direction, Cees

Ayman al-Zawahiri himself. In his book Knights under the Banner of the Prophet, he states: Making the masses of the Islamic nation understand al-walā’ wal-barā’ will require a long time, and our enemies will not give us that time. Therefore, we must use jihad in Palestine as a means of making the Islamic nation understand al-walā’ wal-barā’

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P.Jansen-C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

Why the surprise now…?• Regards Cees and Peter• : Beyond the “Hybrid” Threat, 2010, Small Wars Foundation:

http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/journal/docs-temp/344-sadowski-etal.pdf

• What if the Hybrid Warfare/Threat Concept Was Simply Meant to Make Us Think? http://www.e-ir.info/2013/02/13/what-if-the-hybrid-warfarethreat-concept-was-simply-meant-to-make-us-think/

• Hybrid War: Old wine in new bottles? • http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Analysis/Outside-View/2015/03/09/H

ybrid-War-Old-wine-in-new-bottles/4721425822443/• Identifying Emerging Hybrid Adversaries• http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/Articles/2012s

pring/Bowers.pdf• Are We Prepared for ‘Hybrid Warfare’?• http://fortunascorner.com/2015/02/16/are-we-prepared-for-hybrid-warf

are/• Hezbollah: The Model of a Hybrid Threat• https://www.pism.pl/files/?id_plik=19320• Al-Qaeda and its affiliates, A global tribe waging egmental• Warfare

http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/reprints/2008/RAND_RP1371.pdf

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P.Jansen-C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

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C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

Hybrid

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P.Jansen-C de Waart in CONFIDENCE

In practice, any threat can be hybrid as long as it is not limited to a single form and dimension of warfare. When any threat or use of force is defined as hybrid, the term

loses its value and causes confusion instead of clarifying the “reality” of modern warfare.

Hybrid warfare is a military strategy that blends conventional warfare, irregular warfare and cyber warfare.

“Liberating the Muslim nation,” wrote Ayman Muhammad Rabi al-Zawahiri in Knights Under the Banner of the Prophet

Making the masses of the Islamic nation understand al-walā’ wal-barā’ will require a long time, and our enemies will not give us that time.


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