20
Drunk Driving Fatalities IN AMERICA 2015 State of
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Bacardi U.S.A., Inc.
Beam Suntory Inc.
Brown-Forman
Constellation Brands, Inc.
DIAGEO
Edrington
Hood River Distillers, Inc.
Pernod Ricard USA
NATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD
The Honorable Thurbert E. Baker Partner, McKenna, Long & Aldridge LLP Former Georgia Attorney General
Steven Casstevens Chief of Police, Buffalo Grove, Illinois 3rd Vice President of the IACP
Charles G. Curie Prinicipal, The Curie Group, LLC Former Administrator, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration
The Honorable Michael R. Fields Judge, Harris County Criminal Court #14
Jeannette Kaplun Chief Executive Officer, Hispana Global TV host and author
Deborah Gilboa, M.D. Clinical Associate Professor at University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Leading Parenting Expert
Lisa Graham Keegan Principal, Keegan Company Former Superintendent of Public Instruction State of Arizona
Robert L. King, J.D. President, Kentucky Council on Postsecondary Education
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 1
Letter from President & CEO
Any life lost in a traffic fatality is one too many especially
due to preventable human choices behind the wheel such
as distracted driving, drowsy driving, drugged driving or
drunk driving. In 2015, the number of people who died on
our nation’s roadways increased seven percent – the largest
single year increase in 50 years. Drunk driving fatalities
increased three percent from 9,943 fatalities in 2014 to
10,265 in 2015. Over the long term, drunk driving fatalities
have been declining at a faster rate than overall traffic
fatalities, accounting for 29 percent of total motor vehicle
fatalities in 2015.
Other human factors that impact motor vehicle fatalities
include speeding, accounting for 27 percent of fatal crashes,
drugged driving (21 percent), distracted driving (10 percent)
and drowsy driving (2 percent).
More than two-thirds of drunk driving fatalities (69 percent),
where there is a known alcohol test result for the driver,
involved a high BAC driver (.15+) – a trend that has remained
relatively unchanged over the past decade. However, during
this same period, drugged driving increased nearly 55
percent proportionally. Among fatally injured drivers with
a known test result, drugs were present in 43 percent of
drivers in 2015, up from 28 percent in 2006.
In just the past year, Responsibility.org has brought
together more than 30 traffic safety, advocacy, and health
organizations committed to spreading the word that together
we can #EndImpairedDriving.
Until our roads are safe from impaired drivers, our work
remains unfinished.
Various Factors Involved in Fatal Motor Vehicle Traffic Crashes—2015
Drunk driving Speeding Drugged driving
Distracted driving Drowsy driving
0%
10%
20%
30% 29%27%
21%
10%
2%
Ralph S. Blackman
President & CEO
Foundation for Advancing Alcohol
Responsibility
2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 710
Arlington, Virginia 22202
Phone 202-637-0077
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 2
Alcohol-Impaired FatalityDrivers in all 50 states and D.C. are considered to be
alcohol-impaired if their blood alcohol concentration
(BAC) is .08 grams per deciliter (g/dL) or higher. Any
fatality occurring in a crash involving at least one driver,
or motorcycle operator, with a BAC of .08 or higher is
considered to be an alcohol-impaired driving, or drunk
driving, fatality. The term alcohol-impaired does not
indicate that a crash or a fatality was the result of alcohol
impairment. In producing national and state alcohol-
impaired statistics, the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA) estimates the extent of alcohol
involvement when alcohol test results are unknown.
Alcohol-Involved FatalityAlcohol-involved fatalities are those where at least one
driver, or motorcycle operator, has a positive BAC of
.01 or higher. In producing national and state alcohol-
involved statistics, NHTSA estimates the extent of alcohol
involvement when alcohol test results are unknown.
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)BAC is measured in grams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of
blood. A BAC of .01 indicates .01 grams of alcohol per 100
milliliters of blood. As of July 2004, all 50 states and D.C.
have passed legislation establishing a driver with a BAC
of .08 to be legally intoxicated. Additionally, 48 states and
D.C. have laws that increase penalties for those convicted of
driving with elevated or “high” BAC levels.
Hardcore Drunk DriversHardcore drunk drivers, those who drive with a high BAC of
.15 or above, do so repeatedly, as demonstrated by having
more than one drunk driving arrest, and are highly resistant
to changing their behavior despite previous sanctions,
treatment or education efforts.
Rates per 100,000 PopulationThe rate of alcohol-impaired fatalities per 100,000
population is the number of alcohol-impaired fatalities for
every 100,000 persons in the population being measured.
For example, an alcohol-impaired fatality rate of 3.2 per
100,000 population nationally means that for every 100,000
people in the nation, there were approximately three
alcohol-impaired fatalities.
Repeat OffendersThe NHTSA/FARS data records prior driving records
(convictions only, not violations) for driving while intoxicated
events occurring within three years of the date of the crash.
The same driver can have one or more of these convictions
during this three year period. Drivers who have a prior
conviction in this three year period are reported as repeat
offenders.
Terminology
No Alcohol .01-.02 .03-.04 .05-.06 .07-.08 .09-.10 .11-.12 .13-.14 .15-.16 .17-.18 .19+
58%
2% 2% 1% 2% 2% 2% 3% 3% 3%
13%
67%
BAC .15+
26%BAC .08-.14
17%BAC .01-.07
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 3
Percent of 2015 Driving Fatalities by BAC Test Result
In 2015, drunk driving accounted for 29% of all traffic fatalities. Nearly sixty percent of alcohol-involved fatal crashes involved high BAC drivers.
DRIVERS IN ALCOHOL-INVOLVED DRIVING FATALITIES
KNOWN ALCOHOL TEST RESULTS OF DRIVERS INVOLVED IN FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES
Source: NHTSA, FARS ARF of Drivers with Known BAC, 10/16Total may not equal the sum of categories due to rounding.
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 4
Source: NHTSA, FARS, 10/16Total may not equal sum of the states due to rounding.
AlabamaAlaska
ArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColorado
ConnecticutDelaware
D.C.Florida
GeorgiaHawaii
IdahoIllinois
IndianaIowa
KansasKentuckyLouisiana
MaineMaryland
MassachusettsMichigan
MinnesotaMississippi
MissouriMontana
NebraskaNevada
New HampshireNew JerseyNew Mexico
New YorkNorth Carolina
North DakotaOhio
OklahomaOregon
PennsylvaniaRhode Island
South CarolinaSouth Dakota
TennesseeTexasUtah
VermontVirginia
WashingtonWest Virginia
WisconsinWyoming
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500
24724
272149
151103
426
797365
3370
307178
7884
192244
52160
96268
115175
22476
6596
33111
98311
41150
313170
155363
19301
44251
4316
208147
71189
56
1,323
914
US TOTAL 10,265
Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatality Data 2015
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 5
0 50 100 150 200
271
1816
1415
40
7329
311
3224
1010
1518
414
529
92425
777
312
923
394
3728
933
127
315
31
2015
713
5
171
96
US TOTAL 1,021
Under 21 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatality Data 2015
AlabamaAlaska
ArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColorado
ConnecticutDelaware
D.C.Florida
GeorgiaHawaii
IdahoIllinois
IndianaIowa
KansasKentuckyLouisiana
MaineMaryland
MassachusettsMichigan
MinnesotaMississippi
MissouriMontana
NebraskaNevada
New HampshireNew JerseyNew Mexico
New YorkNorth Carolina
North DakotaOhio
OklahomaOregon
PennsylvaniaRhode Island
South CarolinaSouth Dakota
TennesseeTexasUtah
VermontVirginia
WashingtonWest Virginia
WisconsinWyoming
Source: NHTSA, FARS, 10/16Total may not equal sum of the states due to rounding.
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 6
Source: NHTSA, FARS, 10/16
From 2014-2015 alcohol impaired driving fatalities increased nationally, however 17 states experienced a decline.
VermontOregon
MaineArizona
IdahoGeorgia
MichiganMarylandWyoming
FloridaWisconsin
New HampshireNorth Carolina
KentuckyIndiana
Rhode IslandWashington
HawaiiArkansasMissouri
AlaskaOklahomaNebraska
ConnecticutMinnesotaCaliforniaMontana
PennsylvaniaOhio
NevadaMississippi
IllinoisD.C.
South DakotaNew YorkLouisiana
VirginiaColoradoAlabama
TennesseeTexas
South CarolinaNorth Dakota
IowaWest VirginiaNew Mexico
DelawareKansas
UtahNew Jersey
MassachusettsUS Total
-30%-45% -15% 0% 15% 30% 45% 60% 75%
77.8%56.6%40.5%36.0%32.1%30.8%27.0%23.1%16.7%14.8%14.5%13.8%13.5%12.9%11.9%11.8%11.4%10.0%
9.6%9.3%9.1%9.0%8.3%6.2%5.5%4.5%4.1%4.0%3.6%3.2%2.3%2.0%0.0%0.0%
3.2%
-0.3%-0.8%-4.1%-5.0%-6.8%-8.4%-8.4%-9.1%-9.1%-14.3%-15.5%-16.2%-19.2%-22.2%-24.6%-31.1%-32.9%
Percent Change in Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities from 2014 to 2015
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 7
Alcohol-impaired driving fatalities among those under 21 decreased nationally and in 23 states and D.C. between 2014 and 2015.
IndianaVermont
MarylandMontana
OhioIllinois
ConnecticutOklahoma
PennsylvaniaMaine
North CarolinaMissouri
WashingtonWyoming
IdahoMichigan
FloridaNebraska
GeorgiaMississippi
AlabamaAlaska
ArkansasHawaii
IowaNew Hampshire
Rhode IslandArizona
CaliforniaMinnesota
OregonTexas
WisconsinLouisianaDelaware
South CarolinaTennessee
West VirginiaKansas
South DakotaVirginia
New YorkNew Jersey
KentuckyNew Mexico
ColoradoNorth Dakota
NevadaMassachusetts
UtahD.C.
US Total
-100% -50% 0% 50% 100% 150% 200%
200.0100.0
75.075.060.960.050.047.437.533.325.825.025.025.022.220.819.716.711.5
9.18.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
-5.3-9.4-10.0-10.0-13.2-13.3-14.3-20.0-20.6-21.1-22.2-23.1-25.0-28.6-30.3-36.8-37.5-40.0-41.7-50.0-53.3-61.5-78.6-100.0-2.7
Under 21 Percent Change in Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities from 2014 to 2015
Source: NHTSA, FARS, 10/16
19821983
19841985
19861987
19881989
19901991
19921993
19941995
19961997
19981999
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
20142015
20142015
19821983
19841985
19861987
19881989
19901991
19921993
19941995
19961997
19981999
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
10,265
13,491
15,827
21,11322,000
20,000
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
T R E N D S
51%SINCE 1982
35%SINCE 1991
24%SINCE 2006
T R E N D S
65%SINCE 1982
49%SINCE 1991
29%SINCE 2006
3.2
4.5
6.3
9.1
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 8
TOTAL ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING FATALITIES
RATE OF TOTAL ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING FATALITIES PER 100,000 POPULATION
Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities 1982-2015
Drunk driving fatalities have declined 51% from 1982 to 2015.
Drunk driving fatalities per 100,000 population decreased 65% since 1982.
Top Chart - Source: NHTSA/FARS, 12/16Bottom Chart - Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 12/16
19821983
19841985
19861987
19881989
19901991
19921993
19941995
19961997
19981999
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
2014
19821983
19841985
19861987
19881989
19901991
19921993
19941995
19961997
19981999
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
2014
2015
2015
1,021
2,027
2,905
5,2156,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
T R E N D S
80%SINCE 1982
65%SINCE 1991
50%SINCE 2006
T R E N D S
83%SINCE 1982
69%SINCE 1991
49%SINCE 2006
1.2
2.4
3.8
6.9
UNDER 21 ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING FATALITIES
RATE OF UNDER 21 ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING FATALITIES PER 100,000 POPULATION
Drunk driving fatalities among those under 21 have declined 80% from 1982 to 2015.
Among those under 21 drunk driving fatalities per 100,000 population decreased 83% since 1982.
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 9
Top Chart - Source: NHTSA/FARS, 12/16Bottom Chart - Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 12/16
Under 21 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities 1982-2015
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 10
Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 10/16
In 22 states and D.C., alcohol-impaired driving fatalities per 100,000 population were at or below the national average of 3.2 deaths per 100,000 population.
Alabama 5.1Alaska 3.4Arizona 4.0Arkansas 5.0California 2.3Colorado 2.8Connecticut 2.9Delaware 4.5D.C. 0.9Florida 3.9Georgia 3.6Hawaii 2.4Idaho 4.2Illinois 2.4Indiana 2.7Iowa 2.5Kansas 2.9
Kentucky 4.4Louisiana 5.2Maine 3.9Maryland 2.7Massachusetts 1.4Michigan 2.7Minnesota 2.1Mississippi 5.9Missouri 3.7Montana 7.4Nebraska 3.4Nevada 3.3New Hampshire 2.5New Jersey 1.2New Mexico 4.7New York 1.6North Carolina 4.1North Dakota 6.7
Ohio 2.7Oklahoma 4.4Oregon 3.8Pennsylvania 2.8Rhode Island 1.8South Carolina 6.2South Dakota 5.1Tennessee 3.8Texas 4.8Utah 1.4Vermont 2.6Virginia 2.5Washington 2.1West Virginia 3.9Wisconsin 3.3Wyoming 9.6US Total 3.2
Fatality Rate 0.0-2.0 2.1-4.0 4.1-6.0 6.1-8.0 8.1+
2015 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities Per 100,000 Population by State
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 11
Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 10/16
In 28 states and D.C., under 21 alcohol-impaired driving fatalities per 100,000 population were at or below the national average of 1.2 deaths per 100,000 population.
Alabama 2.1Alaska 0.5Arizona 0.9Arkansas 1.9California 0.9Colorado 1.0Connecticut 1.6Delaware 1.7D.C. 0.0Florida 1.5Georgia 1.0Hawaii 0.8Idaho 2.2Illinois 0.9Indiana 1.3Iowa 1.2Kansas 1.2
Kentucky 1.3Louisiana 1.4Maine 1.3Maryland 0.9Massachusetts 0.3Michigan 1.1Minnesota 0.6Mississippi 2.8Missouri 1.5Montana 2.6Nebraska 1.3Nevada 0.9New Hampshire 0.9New Jersey 0.5New Mexico 1.6New York 0.5North Carolina 1.5North Dakota 1.9
Ohio 1.2Oklahoma 2.5Oregon 0.9Pennsylvania 1.0Rhode Island 0.4South Carolina 2.1South Dakota 1.2Tennessee 0.9Texas 2.1Utah 0.3Vermont 0.7Virginia 0.9Washington 0.8West Virginia 1.6Wisconsin 0.8Wyoming 3.1US Total 1.2
Fatality Rate .00-1.0 1.1-2.0 2.1-3.0 3.1+
2015 Under 21 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities Per 100,000 Population by State
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 12
Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 10/16
D.C.New Jersey
HawaiiMississippi
MissouriTennessee
NevadaWashington
South DakotaWisconsinLouisiana
VermontArizona
AlabamaIowa
MassachusettsRhode Island
South CarolinaKansasVirginia
West VirginiaMontana
CaliforniaNew Mexico
IllinoisIndiana
UtahNew YorkArkansas
PennsylvaniaNew Hampshire
MinnesotaIdaho
GeorgiaColorado
FloridaWyoming
OklahomaMaryland
OhioTexas
MichiganKentuckyNebraska
North CarolinaDelaware
ConnecticutOregon
MaineNorth Dakota
AlaskaUS Total
-60% -40% -20% 0% 20% 40%
-59.6%-50.7%-49.2%-49.1%-44.2%-44.0%-42.3%-40.4%-40.4%-40.3%-40.0%-38.9%-38.3%-37.9%-37.1%-36.8%-36.1%-35.9%-35.9%-35.5%-33.6%-33.4%-33.2%-32.5%-31.5%-30.8%-30.0%-29.9%-29.6%-28.6%-27.6%-27.0%-27.0%-26.0%-25.4%-23.1%-21.8%-21.1%-21.1%-19.7%-19.1%-18.8%-15.2%-14.5%-12.7%-11.6%-11.1%-4.0%-2.9%
-29.0%
1.2%19.4%
Over the past decade drunk driving fatalities per 100,000 population declined nationally and in 48 states and D.C. from 2006 to 2015.
Percent Change in Drunk Driving Fatality Rates from 2006 to 2015 by State Rank
-100 0 100 200 300 400 500
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 13
D.C.Rhode Island
UtahTennessee
VermontSouth Dakota
MassachusettsArizona
WisconsinHawaii
LouisianaMaine
North DakotaWashington
MissouriVirginia
New MexicoMinnesota
WyomingNew York
New JerseyOregon
ColoradoMontanaAlabama
NevadaCalifornia
IowaSouth Carolina
AlaskaNebraska
MississippiIllinois
KansasGeorgia
PennsylvaniaMaryland
West VirginiaNew Hampshire
ArkansasKentucky
FloridaTexas
North CarolinaIdaho
IndianaOklahoma
MichiganOhio
ConnecticutDelawareUS Total
-100% -60% 60%-40% 40%0% 100%
-100.0-81.7-81.2-79.3-78.6-78.3-75.8-75.5-71.8-68.9-68.0-66.4-65.8-65.3-64.1-64.0-63.7-63.0-62.4-62.3-61.3-59.7-59.5-57.6-55.9-53.1-51.3-51.1-50.8-50.3-48.8-48.4-47.4-46.1-45.5-45.4-45.4-44.8-44.5-43.8-41.1-36.3-33.7-32.0-27.5-23.1-20.7-19.3-19.1-16.8-0.1-49.7
Percent Change in Under 21 Drunk Driving Fatality Rates from 2006 to 2015 by State Rank
Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 10/16
Between 2006 and 2015 all 50 states and D.C. experienced a decline in under 21 drunk driving fatalities per 100,000 population.
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 14
Source: NHTSA, FARS ARF of Drivers with Known BAC, 10/16
AlabamaAlaska
ArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColorado
ConnecticutDelaware
D.C.Florida
GeorgiaHawaii
IdahoIllinois
IndianaIowa
KansasKentuckyLouisiana
MaineMaryland
MassachusettsMichigan
MinnesotaMississippi
MissouriMontana
NebraskaNevada
New HampshireNew JerseyNew Mexico
New YorkNorth Carolina
North DakotaOhio
OklahomaOregon
PennsylvaniaRhode Island
South CarolinaSouth Dakota
TennesseeTexasUtah
VermontVirginia
WashingtonWest Virginia
WisconsinWyomingUS Total
0% 20% 40%
% BAC=.08-.14
% BAC=.15-.19
% BAC=.20+
60% 80% 100%
Percent of Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities by BAC
2015 Fatal Drunk Driving Crashes Among Drivers with a Known BAC
Nearly 7 out of 10 drivers involved in fatal drunk driving crashes were hardcore drunk drivers.
93%No Prior DWI*
4% Prior DWI*
3% Unknown
37% BAC of .15+
14% BAC of .08-.14
3% BAC of .05-.07
4% BAC of .01-.04
43% BAC of .00
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 15
DRIVERS INVOVLED IN FATAL CRASH
REPEAT OFFENDERS BY BAC LEVEL
Source: NHTSA, FARS, 10/16* Prior convictions only for events occurring within 3 years from date of crash. Total may not equal sum of categories due to rounding.
Nearly 4 out of 10 drivers involved in a fatal crash with a prior DWI* also had a high BAC at the time of the crash.
Repeat Offenders Involvement in Fatal Crashes
42%
48%
53%
43%
36%
20%
7%
9%
56%
71%
41%
30%
7%
10%
50%
60%
40%
35%
8%
8%
52%
57%
35%
26%
7%
8%
58%
65%
34%
26%
5%
4%
61%
70%
3%
4%
59%
59%
36%
31%
40%
27%
5%
3%
55%
69%
36%
37%
9%
13%
55%
50%
33%
25%
7%
6%
60%
69%
36%
22%
4%
10%
60%
68%
37%
28%
6%
4%
57%
67%
5%
11%
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2015 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 16
Source: NHTSA, FARS, 10/16The number of whole days in the holiday period depends on the day on which the legal holiday falls. Typically, the period is 6 p.m. the night before until 5:59 a.m. the day after the holiday. Total may not equal sum of categories due to rounding.
Drunk driving fatalities accounted for 36% of traffic fatalities during the 2015 holidays and drivers with a high BAC were involved in 66% of drunk driving fatalities.
BAC Level .00 .01-.07 .08+
Total
Under 21
New Year’s Day
BAC .15+ = 71%
BAC .15+ = 65%
BAC .15+ =64%
BAC .15+ = 56%
BAC .15+ = 63%
BAC .15+ = 53%
BAC .15+ = 69%
BAC .15+ = 71%
BAC .15+ = 65%
BAC .15+ = 69%
BAC .15+ = 63%
BAC .15+ = 31%
Memorial Day
Fourth of July
Labor Day
Thanksgiving
Christmas
Total
Under 21
Total
Under 21
Total
Under 21
Total
Under 21
Total
Under 21
Holiday Traffic Fatalities by BAC Level
The information presented in this report is drawn from several databases maintained by government agencies, including the National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA) of NHTSA, which compiles crash data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), and the U.S. Census Bureau of the U.S. Department of Commerce. This report reflects data from 1982 to the present utilizing NHTSA’s multiple imputation method for estimating missing information about BAC levels for persons involved in fatal crashes, thus allowing for improved reporting of alcohol involvement statistics at any BAC level. The U.S. Census Bureau publishes state resident population estimates which were used in this report.
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