2017 LEKGOTLA AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

Session 1.1

Monday, 02 October 2017

Ms Limpho Makotoko

Chief Operating Officer

12th Air Quality Governance Lekgotla

City of Johannesburg, Gauteng Province

02 – 03 October 2017

Co-operative Governance

• The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act

No. 108 of 1996) Chapter 3 Co-Operative Government

of the Republic

– 40(1) In the Republic, government is constituted as

national, provincial and local spheres of government

which are distinctive interdependent and interrelated.

– 40(2) All spheres of government must observe and

adhere to the principles in this Chapter and must

conduct their activities within the parameters that the

Chapter provides.

The Purpose of the Lekgotla

The purpose of the Annual Air Quality Governance

Lekgotla is to provide a platform for all Air Quality

Officers and officials involved in air quality management

to:

(i) network and foster friendly relations between each other;

(ii) assist and support one another;

(iii) inform one another of, and consult one another on,

matters of common interest;

(iv) co-ordinate their actions and legislation with one another;

(v) discuss and agree regarding standard methods, practices

and procedures; and

(vi) discuss and agree common or emerging challenges and

the possible solutions to these challenges.

2017: Gearing Up For Air Quality

Management Towards and Beyond 2020

Gaining knowledge: what should be done,

how do others do it???

Inspiration to: build, strengthen and/or

fine-tune air quality interventions to

contribute in ensuring a better life

for all.

Outcome: Resolutions, do and

be more!!!

Lekgotla:

deliberations,

networking, sharing

experiences

LEKGOTLA PROGRAMME

1

• LEKGOTLA OFFICIAL OPENING & INTRODUCTION

2 • AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING AND

REPORTING

3 • UNDERSTANDING THE COMPLEXITY OF AIR

QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN THE NATIONAL PRIORITY AREAS

4 • WORKING GROUP 2 MEETING

END OF DAY 1 PROCEEDINGS

LEKGOTLA PROGRAMME

5 • INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS MANAGEMENT

6 • MANAGEMENT OF NON-POINT SOURCES OF

POLLUTION

7 • PRIORITY AIR QUALITY STUDIES

8 • B – NAQO REPORT AND CLOSURE OF THE 2017

LEKGOTLA

END OF DAY 2 PROCEEDINGS

WEDNESDAY 04 OCTOBER 2017

1 • THE STATE OF AIR REPORT

2005-2017

2

• LAUNCH OF THE UPGRADED SOUTH AFRICA AIR QUALITY INFORMATION SYSTEM

WELCOME TO THE 12th AIR QUALITY GOVERNANCE

LEKGOTLA - 2017!!!

2017 STATE OF AIR REPORT AND NATIONAL AIR QUALITY INDICATOR

Session 1.3

Monday, 02 October 2017

Dr Thuli N. Khumalo

National Air Quality Officer

12th Air Quality Governance Lekgotla

Cedar Woods – Sandton, Gauteng

Province

02 – 03 October 2017

Outline of the Presentation

• 2017 State of Air Report in South Africa

• State of Ambient Monitoring in 2016

• South African Air Quality – Comparison with International

Examples

• New Development in AQ Monitoring

• Conclusions

Objective • To provide an overview of the 2017 State of Air Quality (2005-2016);

• Data presented is from networks that met minimum data requirements:

oMajor Metropolitans

o Western Cape Province;

o National Priority Areas;

o Richards Bay Clean Air Association;

o Sasol and Eskom; and

o COEGA ambient air quality monitoring stations,

Why DEA Presents the State of Air Report

• To enable the people of South Africa to make an assessment of the air

quality on the basis of their right to an environment (air – in this case) that

is not harmful to their health and well-being;

• To generate the necessary passion for ALL people to jointly improve

and/or preserve the state of air quality where need be;

• For government to:

o First know what we are managing (to measure is to know); and to

oAssess the efficacy of our interventions and improve as necessary, among others.

Ambient air pollution

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• Multiple sources of pollutions – low level and aloft • Multiple impacts of pollutions – health, ecosystem (deposition), agriculture (ozone and SO2), water,

materials, visibility, climate. • Indoor air pollution not shown here potential for large health impact with domestic fuel use

The 2017 State of Air Report Entails...

•Annual averages of PM10, PM2.5 and SO2 data from

2005 to 2016

•The National Air Quality Indicator (measure of the efficacy of policy interventions)

•Data from some stations have been excluded due to low data recovery – in order to compare “apples with apples”

Monitoring Networks Included • Cape Town

• eThekwini

• Johannesburg (Low data recovery)

• Ekurhuleni (Low data recovery)

• Tshwane (No data since 2015) - instruments were not serviced and calibrated since December 2014

• Vaal Triangle Priority Area

• Highveld Priority Area

• Waterberg Priority Area

• Provinces: oWestern Cape oNorth West is excluded due to Low data recovery o KwaZulu-Natal (No data ) since 2013

• Eskom, Sasol, COEGA and Richards Bay Clean Air Association

75%

75%

Cape Town

Cape Town

Western Cape

Western Cape

eThekwini

eThekwini

Richards Bay Clean Air Association

Richards Bay Clean Air Association

Eskom

Eskom

Sasol

Sasol

Declared Priority Area Networks

A Map of the National Priority Areas

Vaal Triangle Priority Area

VTAPA PM10 Seasonal Cycles

DIEPKLOOF KLIPRIVER SEBOKENG

SHARPVILLE THREE RIVERS ZAMDELA

Vaal Triangle Priority Area

VTAPA PM2.5 Seasonal Cycles DIEPKLOOF KLIPRIVER SEBOKENG

SHARPVILLE THREE RIVERS ZAMDELA

Vaal Triangle Priority Area

VTAPA SO2 Seasonal Cycles DIEPKLOOF KLIPRIVER SEBOKENG

SHARPVILLE THREE RIVERS ZAMDELA

Highveld Priority Area

HPA PM10 seasonal variations Ermelo Hendrina Middleburg

Secunda Witbank

Highveld Priority Area

HPA PM2.5 seasonal variations

Ermelo Hendrina Middleburg

Secunda Witbank

Highveld Priority Area

HPA SO2 seasonal variations

Ermelo Hendrina Middleburg

Secunda Witbank

Waterberg Priority Area

Waterberg Priority Area

Waterberg Priority Area

National Air Quality Indicator

National Air Quality Indicator

International Examples: How South Africa Compares

•Looking at 2 countries: oAir pollution reduction/improvements in the

United Kingdom oAir pollution reduction/improvements in the

United States of America

Air pollution reduction/improvements in the United States of America: SO2

Graphs from Prof Rebecca Garland: RGarland@csir.co.za

Air pollution reduction/improvements in the United States of America: PM2.5

Graphs from Prof Rebecca Garland: RGarland@csir.co.za

Air pollution reduction/improvements in the United Kingdom: SO2

UK Smoke & SO2: Annual Mean Concentrations at all

National Survey and Basic Urban Network sites

0

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60

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Graphs from Mike Holland: Mike.holland@emrc.co.uk

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For Europe Directive

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Emissions,IPC

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Industrial EmissionsDirective

Graphs from Mike Holland: Mike.holland@emrc.co.uk

56

Positive trends in management and air quality

• Scientists have tendency to point out gaps and issues

• South Africa have the tools to improve air pollution

• Improving air quality is difficult. It is an on-going process that needs continuous effort

– Technical knowledge

– Sustained support

– “invisible”

– Involvement of many stakeholders

• Real benefits to improving AQ across

sectors (health, agriculture, ecosystems,

climate, water, infrastructure)

• Complex situation: Diversity of sources and

understanding the counterfactual scenario

(M&E includes monitoring and

modelling)

• Research can assist to provide evidence

base for effective decision-making

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Slide from Prof Rebecca Garland: RGarland@csir.co.za

Authorities’ Response: New Developments in AQ Monitoring

• Air Quality Monitoring Strategy o In principle this strategy seeks to provide GUIDANCE for effective air quality monitoring

in South Africa; o This strategy will also provide GUIDANCE on areas where ambient air quality

monitoring should be conducted.

• NAQI Stations Project o DEA identified a FIXED number of stations measuring PM10 and SO2 from 2015 have

been identified for the reporting of the NAQI; o Forty-three (43) stations have been selected for the NAQI reporting; o These NAQI stations represent the full spectrum of the National Ambient Air Quality

Monitoring Network (NAAQMN) stations characterised by Industrial, Urban, Residential, Traffic etc.

• Launch of the Upgraded SAAQIS – Wednesday o Live reporting of the State of Air o Data available to all users in different platforms including applications

Conclusions – 2017 State of Air Report • PM is still the greatest national cause for concern in terms of air quality

due to numerous pollution sources but climatic conditions are also a major factor;

• Continued and increased national provincial and local action is required in order to bring particulate concentrations down to acceptable levels;

• Many South Africans may be breathing air that is harmful to their health and well-being especially in the priority areas;

• More effort must be put by authorities to resuscitate the NAAQMN – NAQI stations will assist in certain areas; and

• Even with all of this, international examples are showing us that we are in the right path towards pollution reduction, however, major policy shifts in all areas and in particular in the energy, mining and transport sectors are critical to achieve clean air goals.

WELCOME TO THE 12th AIR QUALITY GOVERNANCE

LEKGOTLA - 2017!!!

AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN GAUTENG PROVINCE

PREPARED BY JACOB LEGADIMA

GAUTENG PROVINCIAL AIR QUALITY OFFICER

OVERVIEW OF THE PRESENTATION

• Introduction • Air Quality Priorities of Gauteng • AQMP Review- Baseline Assessment • Emissions Reporting &Trends Analysis • Sources of Significant concern to deal with • Air Quality Baseline Data Analysis • Areas of Achievements and Improvement • Information Management

• Ambient Air Quality Monitoring • PM10 AND PM2.5 yearly averages • Achievements on ambient monitoring • Air quality information Management • Challenges on Air Quality

• Way forward or Vision for Air quality • Conclusions

INTRODUCTION

• Gauteng is a small province of about 1.5km2

• It has 2 of National Declared Priority Areas (Vaal Airshed and Highveld)

• Comprise of 3 Metros and 2 District Municipalities which are primary implementers of air quality management functions

• GDARD is also an AEL authority but most importantly play a supportive and oversight role on air quality

PRIORITY AREAS WITHIN AND AROUND GAUTENG

AIR QUALITY PRIORITIES OF GAUTENG

• AQMPs Reviews to align to latest developments within the province including municipalities

• Maximization and efficiency of ambient air quality monitoring

• Issuing of quality AELs to listed activities and identification and registration of Controlled Emitters

• Implementation of air pollution reduction programmes together with municipalities

• Collaboration with Compliance and Enforcement on inspections of identified top priority polluters

• Capacity development on air quality issues (staff, skills)

OTHER RELATED GAUTENG PRIORITIES

• Manufacturing and Agro Processing

• Re-industrialization and Modernization of Gauteng

• Transform Gauteng to low Carbon Economy

• Investment on Infrastructure development and other economic development

GAUTENG AQMP REVIEW

• Gauteng is reviewing its 2009 AQMP to be suitable adequate with provincial latest developments

• Gauteng municipalities are represented in the Project Steering Committee and National DEA will also be included

• The AQMP review is to enhance air quality management and skills development

• Gauteng air quality baseline assessment will indicate provincial air quality status

• The new developed AQMP must provide provincial air quality synopsis of areas of concern

AQMP REVIEW CONTINUES

• The plan must enable Gauteng to move in one direction in terms of air quality implementation.

• Enable Gauteng province to provide supportive and oversight role to AEL Authorities

• Facilitate coordination of air quality related projects within municipalities

AIR QUALITY BASELINE ASSESSMENT-AQMP

• The baseline was done using NAEIS 2015/16 Emissions reported data by industries

• Not all the Facilities required to report reported their emissions

• The focus is or the results are on audited and verified emission reports

• The baseline also focus on priority sources and problematic pollutants within Gauteng province

• The baseline provide the yearly ambient monitoring performance

• It indicate sources of concern in terms of monitoring by the Authorities

AIR QUALITY BASELINE ASSESSMENT-AQMP • Authorities reports in terms of number of Facilities

Authorities

Number of registered facilities on the NAEIS

Number of NAEIS Reports submitted

Percntage (%) Reports submitted

City of Johannesburg 38 36 95

City of Tshwane 56 31 55

City of Ekurhuleni 177 80 45

GDARD 8 8 100

Sedibeng DM 34 22 65

Westrand DM 39 11 28

Provincial total 352 188 53

Industrial emissions • 352 industrial facilities

in Gauteng registered in the NAEIS

• 335 Listed Activities and 17 Controlled Emitters.

• 188 facilities submitted emissions reports for 2015, comprising 53.4% of all registered facilities

Industrial sector Number of

facilities

Chemical Industry 19

Food Processing 1

Funeral Service and

Crematories

8

Metallurgical Industry 71

Mineral Processing 44

Miscellaneous 6

Petroleum Industry 23

Power Generation 2

Pulp and Paper/ Wood

Processing

4

Waste 10

Total 188

INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS REPORTED

Emissions from industry (tons/annum) AELA PM10 PM2.5 TSP SO2 NOX CO Pb VOC NH3

City of

Joburg

220 95 10 33,928 9,766 92,888 4 782 361

City of

Tshwane

3,398 188 26 352,981 29,605 29,988 0 1,817 0

City of

Ekurhuleni

9,947 6,538 570 16,643 6,065 1,677 612 3,686 9

Sedibeng

DM

26,776 922 1,009 12,366 2,668 197,115 1 5,562 292

Westrand

DM

1,062 11 147 136 1,624 91 19 0 0

Gauteng

Total

41,402 7,755 1,762 416,054 49,729 321,760 636 11,847 662

Emissions from industry as per AELA (tons/annum)

Emission Per Categories(tons/annum) PM10 PM2.5 TSP SO2 NOX CO Pb VOC NH3

Chemical industry 347 0.0 0.0 4.4 5.3 656 0.0 2.2 0.0

Food processing 803 9.4 142 0.0 67.4 74.8 18.7 0.0 0.0

Funeral services &

crematoria

0.9 0.0 5.5 0.7 4.5 18.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Metallurgical industry 28,863 3,863.9 1,410 8,893 3,620 196,153 1.7 6,946 311

Mineral processing 10,486 266 28.4 386,257 41,397 62,914 5.0 890 0.0

Miscellaneous 227 48.3 6.7 1,129 526 0.0 0.0 0.2 351

Petroleum industry 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,458 0.0 61,626 0.0 3,978 0.0

Power generation 640.5 3,532 0.0 4,151 3,929 164 4.3 0.1 0.0

Pulp and Paper/Wood

processing

30.8 34.1 169 158 171 121 607 30.4 0.0

Waste 3.6 0.0 0.0 2.5 8.3 33.0 0.0 0.8 0.1

Total 41,402 7,755 1,762 416,054 49,729 321,760 636 11,847 662

Emissions from mining and tailings facilities • 197 mines and quarries in Gauteng registered with

the DMR

• Opencast mining is the most common approach and accounts for nearly 68% of the mining

• 33 mines in Gauteng reported emissions to the NAEIS for 2015, 15.2% of registered mines

• Strategy and implementation plan for mine residue areas (MRA) (GDARD, 2012) reports that there are 374 MRAs in Gauteng, from 1 to 1,647 ha and collectively make up an area of 32 000 ha

Emissions from Mining & Tailing Facilities

Emissions from residential fuel burning

Type of Fuel used for Cooking Purposes Type of fuel for Space Heating

TYPE OF FUEL USED AT RESIDENTIAL SECTOR

Emissions from residential fuel burning (t/a)

SO2 NOx CO PM10

City of Joburg 6 15 369 48

City of Tswhane 4 12 529 70

City of

Ekurhuleni

29 27 434 48

Sedibeng DM 5 3 77 8

West Rand DM 4 8 104 13

Gauteng 47 65 1514 188

Emissions from residential fuel burning (t/a)

Significant sources • Ambient concentrations of NO2, PM10, PM2.5 and O3 are highly and frequently exceed the NAAQS at most stations in Gauteng

• Motor vehicle are the largest source of NOX emissions (56.6%) followed by industrial emissions (38%). The metallurgical industry contributes 85% of the industrial emission

• Industry is the largest contributor to ambient PM10 concentrations (60%), followed by mining (21%). The metallurgical and mineral processing industries account for 95% of the total emission from industry

Pollutants and Air Pollution Sources to Note

Significant sources – point to note • Biomass burning is the largest contributor to ambient

PM2.5 concentrations, followed by industry (32%)

• Metallurgical industry and the Power Generation account for 95% of the PM2.5 emission from industry

• The high ambient O3 concentrations throughout Gauteng is attributed to emissions of precursors NOX, VOCs and CO.

• The major sources of O3 are motor vehicles, the metallurgical and mineral processing industry and biomass burning

• Fugitive emissions of TSP results in high dust loading

• Residential fuel burning, relatively low particulate emission but released in the breathing zone

Pollutants and Air Pollution Sources Continues

Significant sources • Motor vehicles: Contribution to high ambient NO2 and O3 concentrations

• Metallurgical industry and Mineral processing: Contribution to high PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations

• Biomass burning: Contribution to high PM2.5 and O3 concentrations and atmospheric particulate loading

• Tailings storage facilities: Contribution to high atmospheric particulate loading, high PM2.5 concentrations and dust deposition

• Residential fuel burning: Contribution to high local PM10 concentrations

SOURCES OF CONCERN TO PRIORITISE

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING

35 continuous ambient monitoring stations in operation for different periods, between 2009 and 2015, operated by: • AEL Authorities and DEA • Private Stations

GAUTENG POTENTIAL CONDITIONS TO DISPERSE POLLUTANTS

• Gauteng lies in 2 climatic zones- Central to Northward side and Highveld side with hot summer and cold winter

• These climatic zones has both negative and positive impacts to air pollution dispersion

• Gauteng region has poor potential to disperse pollutants

• The dispersion potential of Gauteng provide diurnals of seasonal variations in Gauteng

24-hr aQmPMPPPbDDi

ent PM10

24 HOURS PM10 AVERAGES IN SOME AREAS OF GAUTENG

Ambient 24-hour PM2.5

24 HOURS PM2.5 AVERAGES IN SOME AREAS OF GAUTENG

Ambient Monitoring: Points to Note • Collectively, the municipal ambient air quality

monitoring provide a reasonable spatial coverage for Gauteng

• Quality control of data submitted to the SAAQIS is not consistent and lacking

• Data gaps suggest that routine station maintenance is lacking at some monitoring stations

• There is a clear seasonal cycle in all pollutants with the higher concentrations in winter

POINTS TO NOTE ON AMBIENT MONITORING

SOME ACHIEVEMENTS OF AMBIENT SUB COM

• GDARD secured a 2 years tender on maintenance of 10 ambient stations to build capacity and resuscitate monitoring within the province, following are benefits:

• Technical skills in calibration, zero span and ambient station management

• Improved number of operational stations and data recovery

• Improved utilization of air quality data to plan air quality reduction programmes

• Support from our principals is improving

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE PROVINCE

• Information sharing occurs at the Air Quality Forum, daily basis in all air quality matters

• Established 2 Sub Committees to strengthen air quality management (AELs and Ambient monitoring)

• Streamlining of air quality issues into service delivery programmes

• Both Gauteng IGR Committees (Technical and Political) entertain air quality management issues

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT

• Training of industries on NAEIS reporting and support to the Authorities during auditing

• Joint physical inspections of listed activities to issue AELs and collaboration with EMIs on Compliance issues

• Implementation of some air quality reduction projects together e.g BnM & Methanol stoves

• Provide support to Authorities at ITTs within Gauteng including MSRG

• Capacity development to air quality officials within the province

SOME CHALLENGES WITHIN AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT

• In some AEL Authorities 1 person is doing all air quality functions which is risky to Authority

• Continuous allocation of resources (Budget and Staff)

• Lack of advanced developmental Courses in some areas of air quality especially to experienced staff

• Evolvement of some pollutants exceedances during monitoring e.g O₃ in Tshwane, Sedibeng

• Ageing of equipment is a challenge

AIR QUALITY VISION OF THE PROVINCE

• To have all 5 AEL Authorities declared priority areas

• Align air quality management to Gauteng developmental priorities

• Provide effective and efficient support to AEL Authorities

• Provincial wide implementation of reduction strategies

• Immediately deal with the identified sources of air pollution within the province

• Create more of awareness and educational programmes within the communities and Stakeholders

• Better skills utilization and capacity development within the Province

CONCLUSION

• Air Quality forms the integral part of development and is better managed at planning stage

• There is a greater need to develop a pool of air quality skills/knowledge throughout the Province

• Air quality Competitors (industries and Consultants) place a huge strain on AEL Authorities by recruiting their developed staff

WITH COMPLIMENTS FROM GAUTENG AIR QUALITY OFFICIALS (GDARD AND MUNICIPALITIES)

I THANK YOU

Update on the Air Quality Monitoring Strategy and NAQI Stations Project

Mr Thabo Setshedi

12th Air Quality Governance Lekgotla

Cedarwoods Hotel, Gauteng

Province

02 October 2017

Presentation Outline

• Update on AQM Strategy

• Update on the NAQI Stations Project

• Background

• Problem Statement

• DEA Intervention

• Overview of NAQI Stations

• NAQI Project Implementation

• Consultation Process

• Outcomes

1. Update on AQM Strategy

Background

• DEA presented the National Air Quality Monitoring Strategy at the Annual Air Quality Governance Lekgotla last year;

• This Strategy seeks to provide GUIDANCE for effective air quality monitoring in South Africa;

• This strategy will also identify:

– Which areas MUST monitor ambient air quality continuously?

– Which areas MAY monitor continuously?

– In which areas is it NOT ADVISABLE to monitor continuously?

Proposed Monitoring Categories Recommendations

MU

ST

• Level 1 - Core monitoring of ALL pollutants using reference methods

MA

Y

• Level 2 Requirements to install continuous monitoring MUST be informed by screening

• Monitoring MUST include PM and SO2 and O3

• Other specific pollutants can be considered

• No requirement to monitor all pollutants

NO

T A

DV

ISA

BLE

• Level 3 – Regularly conducting screening monitoring in order to assess AQ status

• In case of deteriorating AQ levels, Level 2 monitoring MUST be considered

What Informed the Classification?

• Number of NAEIS Facility reporting – both Section 21 facilities and Mine and Quarries oGives an indication on Listed Activities

oA proxy on emissions

• From Stats SA – Number of households using dirty fuel for heating and cooking oGives an indication on the domestic emissions

• First level of classification – down to METRO/DISTIRCT LEVEL

• Refined to LOCAL MUNICIPAL level for the MUST areas based on the NAEIS statistics

National Overview of AQM Strategy

2. Update on the NAQI Stations Project

Background

• Currently there are over 130 fully automated air quality monitoring stations owned by various spheres of government across the country.

• Majority of these stations are located in areas with the highest density of people in order to measure human exposure to air pollution.

• The data from these monitoring stations provide valuable information regarding the state of ambient air quality that the citizens of the Republic are exposed to.

• In addition to providing information on the state of air, data from these stations has been used to develop the National Air Quality Indicator (NAQI) for South Africa – Presentation by NAQO.

• The NAQI is based on an annual measure of particulates (PM10) and sulphur dioxide (SO2), two of the most prevalent pollutants in the country.

• The NAQI is based on a FUNCTIONAL and OPERATIONAL monitoring network, the NAAQMN.

Problem Statement

• The NAQI was based on networks reporting to the South African Air Quality Information System (SAAQIS), and the number of stations reporting was not fixed.

• The number of monitoring stations reporting to the SAAQIS is continually fluctuating as new stations come online or the existing networks become non-operational and stop reporting to SAAQIS.

• As a result, the NAQI was continually being informed by an EVER-CHANGING TARGET, thereby making its calculation inconsistent over the calculation period.

• Commissioning of ambient air quality monitoring stations has been an immense investment by all spheres of government (a monitoring station cost between R2 mil to R3 million depending on the number of instruments installed at the station).

• What has emerged over the years is that many provinces and municipalities have been unable to manage and maintain their monitoring stations at the required level in order to produce credible air quality data, primarily due to the following: – No budgetary provisions for maintenance and overall operation; – Lack of skills and capacity; – Lack of proper planning for management of stations; – No provision for instrument recapitalization.

DEA Intervention

• In light of the current challenges with most of these stations, DEA took a resolution to assist some of the Provinces and Municipalities by outsourcing the overall management of the stations with a view to have a consistent reporting of NAQI going forward.

• A FIXED number of stations measuring PM10, PM2.5 and SO2 from 2015 have been identified for the reporting of the NAQI.

• Forty-three (43) stations have been selected for the NAQI reporting.

• These NAQI stations represent the spectrum of the National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network (NAAQMN) stations characterised by:

– Industrial

– Urban

– Residential

– Traffic

– Background ambient conditions across the country

Proposed NAQI Stations

Project Implementation

Project Implementation

• DEA will procure and manage the project

• A Project Steering Committee (PSC) will be established, made up of NAQI network owners

• The service provider will commission new instruments in some of the sites, where new instruments will be needed

• The procurement for the new equipment will be limited to only PM10, PM2.5 & SO2 instruments as the indicator pollutants

Consultation Process

• DEA currently in consultation with network owners;

• The following networks were consulted:

– Gauteng;

– Western Cape;

– KwaZulu Natal;

• Networks still to be consulted (Lekgotla):

– LEDET;

– North West;

– Free State;

– Eastern Cape;

– Private Stations

Proposed Gauteng Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

1. Alexandra City of Johannesburg Suburban (Low Income Residential Settlements)

2. Buccleugh City of Johannesburg Traffic

3. Jabavu City of Johannesburg Suburban (Low Income Residential Settlements)

4. Bedfordview Ekurhuleni Traffic

5. Thokoza Ekurhuleni Suburban (Low Income Residential Settlements) + Industrial

6. Etwatwa Ekurhuleni Suburban (Low Income Residential Settlements)

7. Olifantsfontein Ekurhuleni Industrial

Proposed Gauteng Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

8. Springs Ekurhuleni Industrial

9. Diepkloof SAWS Suburban (Low Income Residential Settlements)

10. Elandsfontein Eskom Peri-Urban

11. Olievenhoutbosch City of Tshwane Suburban (Low Income Residential Settlements)

12. Soshanguve (Bodibeng) City of Tshwane Suburban (Low Income Residential Settlements)

13. Rosslyn City of Tshwane Industrial

14. Vanderbijlpark Sedibeng Industrial

Proposed WC Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

15. City Hall City of Cape Town Traffic

16. Foreshore City of Cape Town Traffic

17. Khayelitsha City of Cape Town Suburban (Low Income Residential Settlements

18. Bellville South City of Cape Town Industrial

19. Goodwood City of Cape Town Suburban (Medium & Upper Residential Settlements)

20. Table View City of Cape Town Suburban (Medium & Upper Residential Settlements)

21. George WC DEA&DP Suburban (Medium & Upper Residential Settlements)

Proposed WC Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

22. Worcester WC DEA&DP Suburban (Medium & Upper Residential Settlements)

23. Cape GAW SAWS Background

Proposed KZN Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

24. City Hall eThekwini Traffic

25. Ganges eThekwini Traffic

26. Settlers eThekwini Industrial

27. Southern Works eThekwini Industrial

28. ACSA (King Shaka International Airport)

ACSA Traffic

29. Richards Bay (CBD) RBCAA Urban

Proposed NW Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

30. Mafikeng NW READ Urban

31. Marikana Rustenburg LM Surburban (Low Income Residential Settlements)

32. Welgegund NW University Background

33. Xanadu SAWS Background

Proposed LM Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

34. Lephalale DEA-SAWS Urban

35. Phalaborwa LEDET Urban

Proposed FS Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

36. Zamdela DEA-SAWS Suburban (Low Income Residential Settlements)

37. Pelonomi Hospital Mangaung Metro Urban

Proposed MP Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

38. Middleburg DEA-SAWS Urban

39. Sasol Club Sasol Industrial

Proposed EC Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

40. Walmer Nelson Mandela Bay Metro Urban

41. Saltworks Coega IDZ Industrial

Proposed NC Province NAQI Stations

Item Station Name Owner Station Type

42. Hantam (Karoo) SAWS Background

Outcomes of the Consultations

• Dual vs Single PM Instrument

• Some metros have already committed to manage the NAQI Stations project in-house

• Others will be managed by the appointed service provider

• Procurement of required instruments will be done in certain stations

• Procurement of spares and consumables also required

• Procurement of data logging systems compatible with the new SAAQIS is essential

• All NAQI Stations will be reporting data “LIVE” to SAAQIS

Thank You

South Africa Air Quality Information System Upgrade Project

Air Quality Lekgotla, Cedar Woods of Sandton Hotel

02 October 2017

K. Chetty

SAAQIS Background • SAAQIS first developed in 2007

• Implemented from 2009-2011

• Then challenges with the quality of the data management system (limited capacity for QA/QC, accommodating growing users etc.) were identified

• With time, technology advancements were needed with website and information dissemination systems – website, mobile etc.

• In 2011 realisation that system was no longer meeting user requirements.

• Many attempts since 2013 to upgrade SAAQIS.

• Appointed EnviTech in May 2017

• This is the Envidas/Envista suite of air quality information systems providing SA with an off-the-shelf solution, modified to suit SA conditions

• SAAQIS Upgrade will ensure:

– “LIVE” reporting of all operational government owned ambient stations by 2017.

– The dissemination of air quality information to the public via all possible communication platforms including websites, billboards, mobile devices (IOS and Android).

– Effective online Asset Management of the national ambient air quality monitoring network.

– Effective dissemination of all AQ information.

SAAQIS Background

New SAAQIS Infrastructure

• SAAQIS new solution consists of several modules: 1) NAAQMN Station Ultimate – Station Management Module (optional)

2) NAAQMN Asset Maintain – Asset Management Module (part of SAAQIS)

− Will be accessed online through the SAAQIS website

3) NAAQMN Data Management – Data Management and Reporting Module

− For data verification, management and generating reports

− Provides data to the SAAQIS website for the general public

4) SAAQIS Web – website that allows NAAQMN Data Management to be published on the web

1. NAAQMN Station Management Module NAAQMN – ambient

monitoring stations D

ocu

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2. NAAQMN Data

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Reporting Module Le

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3. NAAQMN Asset

maintain (Asset

Management Module)

4a. SAAQIS Website 4b. Mobile APP

NAAQMN

New SAAQIS Website Content

• New SAAQIS website with:

– LIVE reporting at the core of the webpage, INDEX, POLLUTANTS, METEOROLOGY

• Improved document cataloguing system (legislation, AQMP, etc.)

• Interactive Learners Corner with information for school children and the public

• SAAELIP landing page (AEL and NAEIS)

• AQMP Information

• Complaints registration centre that will send communication to jurisdiction personnel

• AQ Officers Contact Information

SAAQIS New Website

Ambient Monitoring Data Flow (NAAQMN Station Ultimate)

CO

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DYNAMIC DISPLAY&

GIS

ANALYSE

REPORTS

EDIT DATA VALIDATE

PUBLIC DISTR.(MOBILE,

WEBSITE ETC

ASSET MAN.

NAAQMN Station Ultimate

• NAAQMN Station Management Module will allow:

– Data acquisition system setup for communication of instruments with SAAQIS server.

– Control for environmental and process monitoring applications.

– Setting up and configuring of station (all instruments).

– Providing remote access to site and instrumentation.

– First level of data QA\QC (optional for SAAQIS).

– Local reporting, graphical representation, dynamic charts, dynamic displays, data export features at station level.

NAAQMN Station Ultimate

Networks Using Different Logging Systems

Data Logger

Monitoring Station

SAAQIS Local

Service Provider

Any other logging systems e.g., EnviroLog, OPSIS

Ambient Monitoring Data Flow

CO

MM

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ICA

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GIS

ANALYSE

REPORTS

EDIT DATA VALIDATE

PUBLIC DISTR.(MOBILE,

WEBSITE ETC

ASSET MAN.

NAAQMN Data Management

Module

NAAQMN Data Management Module

Ambient Monitoring Station Owners

• Data verification and evaluation

• View dynamic data plots (time series, wind roses, pollution roses, scatter plots etc.)

• Manage station data

• Generate AQ Monitoring Reports, daily, weekly, monthly, annual or custom

• Distribute data across the full range of media - website, mobile, smart platforms etc.

• Access data via SAAQIS website or installed on personal computers with secure access

Public

• View dynamic data plots (time series, wind roses, pollution roses, scatter plots etc.)

• Analyses of all NAAQMN data

• Access monitoring data via SAAQIS website

• Downloading data will be confirmed with SAAQIS Data Policy

Protocols on Data Management: Levels of Data

Description Data Level Remarks

Raw data Level 1 Dataset that cannot be altered in any way in the database.

Automatically adjusted data – Provisional

Level 2

Data is evaluate using default data management system algorithms e.g., to remove suspicious data spikes before display.

This is the LIVE data reported to the public in the form of an Air Quality Index.

All changes are flagged in the database.

Verified final data

Level 3

Data validated based on acceptable quality control procedures e.g., adjusting for instrument drift/zero shifts.

Data quality takes into account all necessary data quality requirements. This is the level of data used for reporting air quality to all stakeholders

e.g., monthly, annual reports. All changes to data between levels justified and documented as part of

the quality system. Data changes are flagged in the database.

Minimum data requirements for averaging

Parameter Time Resolution

Required Proportion of Valid Data (until 31 December 2020)

Required Proportion of Valid Data (from 01 January 2021)

1 hour values 75 % of values (i.e. 45 minutes) 80 % of values (i.e. 48 minutes)

8 hours values 75 % of values (i.e. 6 hours) 75 % of values (i.e. 6 hours)

24 hour average value 75% of values (i.e. 18 hours) 83% of values (i.e. 20 hours)

Annual mean 75 % of the 1 hour values over winter (April to September)*

80 % of the 1 hour values over winter (April to September)*

Number of exceedances per year

Five out of six months over the winter season (April to September)*

Five out of six months over the winter season (April to September)*

Ambient Monitoring Data Flow

CO

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GIS

ANALYSE

REPORTS

EDIT DATA VALIDATE

PUBLIC DISTR.(MOBILE,

WEBSITE ETC

ASSET MAN.

NAAQMN Asset Maintain

NAAQMN Asset Maintain - Management Module

• Ability to manage all assets at the station (analysers, zero air generators, calibrators, pumps, met instruments, spares, etc.

• Add and management of devices of each station by its supplier, manufacturer including images, user's manual and datasheet

• Add and management of spare parts for each device.

• Management of Maintain Dairy – displaying fault events that were inserted to the system.

• Producing maintain, calibration and inventory reports.

• Displaying interactive calendar, activities, and status.

• Adding calibration events.

• ISO 17025 Accreditation System.

NAAQMN Asset Maintain

Draft Norms and Standards Chapter 5

• Operational Documentation

– Quality Manual

Administration Manual

Standard Operating Procedures Manuals

Calibrations

– Standards And Traceability

– Zero And Span Checks

– Multipoint Calibrations

Frequency of Maintenance and Calibration Activities

– Daily Checks

– Routine Station Visits

– Non-routine Station Visits

Performance Acceptance Criteria

System Audits

SAAQIS NAAQMN Asset Maintain

• Administration Manual (Station Visit Reports, Visit Logs)

• Instrument Files – Instrument data sheets

– Calibration certificates

– Servicing records

– Reparative maintenance records

– Performance check logs

– Movement register (history of where instrument was located)

– Manufacturer Manuals and Brochures

• Frequency of Maintenance and Calibration Activities – linking activities to reporting and data management

SAAQIS Document Management Module

• Ambient Monitoring Reports

– Monthly, Annual Reports from all networks

• Legislation

– Acts, AQMPs

– Regulations, Policies

– Strategies, Guidelines, SOPs, Bylaws etc.

• Publications

– NAQO reports

– SoA reports

– Special Projects reports

Air Quality Information and Links

• AQ Leaners Corner – interactive learning material for students/public on air quality and climate change

• Databases of AQ Officers (contact details etc.)

• Complaints Registers – linked to AQO per jurisdiction

• Events Announcements and Useful Links

Archived Ambient Monitoring Data Migration

• Historical data – NAAQMN Ambient Monitoring Module

– Have provided the service provider with the SAAQIS archive.

– Configured SAAQIS archive to fit the new system – channels, station types, names.

– All historical data has been migrated – currently performing QA\QC check to ensure all data is migrated properly.

– Once data migration is done, further engagements with authorities to ensure that all data has been migrated.

– Migration of data from those stations currently not reporting to SAAQIS.

Rolling out the new SAAQIS

• ALL Priority Area Networks using the NAAQMN Station Ultimate – hence “LIVE” reporting to SAAQIS

• Also working on stations currently using NAAQMN Station Ultimate software to report LIVE to SAAQIS

eThekwini Metro (14 stations depending on conditions of operation and availability of logging systems)

City of Cape Town (14 stations)

Western Cape Province (9 stations)

Mangaung Municipality (3 stations)

Saldanha Bay Municipality (2 stations)

LIVE Reporting of Other Stations

• Reconfigured logging systems from those stations currently being managed by other service providers:

• GDARD – 10 stations (2 x Sedibeng, 4 x CoJ, 4 x CoT)

• Ekurhuleni – 10 stations

• Rustenburg Municipality – 3 stations

• LEDET – 1 station

• NWPG – 7 stations

• COEGA Development Corporation (3 stations) and Nelson Mandela Municipality (5 stations)

– Service providers working to make data transfer possible.

– DEA to engage with networks to enable this (with further discussions on data management).

SAAQIS Roll-Out

• Continue engaging with other logging system distributors (and respective network owners) to enable all government owned stations under their management to report LIVE to SAAQIS.

• Station owners to notify DEA of any other loggers they are utilising so that protocols can be developed for LIVE reporting.

• Industries reporting to SAAQIS – more engagements with station owners.

Training and Support

• NAAQMN Station Ultimate SOPs under development.

• NAAQMN Data Management SOPs under development.

• 40 government officials trained in July for a week.

• SAWS updating priority area asset registers.

• To assist municipalities with the asset updates – first step in finalising network configurations.

• Further training once system is completed.

SAAQIS APP – Ambient Monitoring Information

• Available for Android and IOS

• LIVE INDEX, POLLUTANTS, METEOROLOGY

– Ability to plot historical data

– Generate reports

– Set APP for personal use with specific stations of interest, settings

Demonstration

• www.saaqis.online

(to be www.saaqis.environment.gov.za).

• SAAQIS APP – search your App store for SAAQIS.

• Visit SAAQIS demonstration at stand outside main hall.

Acknowledgements

• SAAQIS PSC Team from DEA and SAWS.

• Service provider – EnviTech.

• Local service provider C&M with the configuration of OPSIS data logging systems.

• Network owners whose stations are already reporting LIVE on SAAQIS.

Thank You!

Wi-fi PIN ced4rw88ds

Drivers of Air Pollution in South Africa

Session 3.1

Patience Gwaze

Department of Environmental Affairs

Presentation Scope

• International trends (US, UK, EU and China)

• What are the air pollution drives in South Africa?

• What has been the trends of these drivers?

• How are these driver/trends influencing emission trends?

• Can NEMAQA influence/impact these drivers? If so how?

• How can these influences/impacts be measured?

• How can the AQ regulatory framework be strengthened to effect the influence/impacts?

Sources of Air Pollution

• Population growth, urbanisation migration

• Economic Indices

• Transportation (road, rail, shipping)

• Energy use

• Biomass burning

• Mining activities

• Residential fuel use

Drivers and

Trends

• Provide some emission estimates based on the State of Air Report 2005-2016

Emission Estimati

ons • Possible

Regulatory Framework

Recommendations

Driving Forces

(Socio-economic factors)

Pressures

(Human Activities)

-Emissions of air pollutants and

greenhouse gases State (Ecosystem)

-Atmospheric concentrations of pollutants

Impact (Services)

- Effects on human health

- Effects on the

environment

Responses

(Decisions)

-Policies, Strategies, AQMP

-Energy policies

-Other emission reduction measures

Driving Forces • Energy Consumption • Mining • Transport • Residential Fuel Use • Industrial Production and

Consumption • Biomass Burning • Waste Management • Land Cover and Land Use

DPSIR Framework

International Trends – US, EU, UK and China

Contributing Factors to Emission Changes: US

Source: Kuishuang Feng et al, Nature 2015

• Rising emissions until 2007 primarily driven by economic growth.

• After 2007, decrease in emissions driven by economic recession, and mildly due to change in energy mix

1990 to 2012: Air Pollution in the U.S. Declines while the Economy Grows

Source: www.epa.gov/airtrends

EU Emission Reduction Toward 2030 Target

Source: European Commission Report

• EU GDP grew by 50% between 1990 and 2015

• EU emissions went down by 22% by 2015 compared to 1990

UK SO2 Energy Emission Reduction and Policy Interventions

3

-

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

1970

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

UKSO2

emissons,to

nnes/year

Othersources

Domesticcombustion- coal

Coalpowerstations

Fuelcombustion(notinclcoalPS,domestic)

Clean AirActs 1956, 68Controls on

fuels, emissions,

smokeless zones

EU Large Combustion Plant

Directive

North SeaGas introduced 1st EU

titanium dioxide

directive

Unleadedpetrol

1st EU DirectiveOn S content of Liquid fuels

Minersstrike

First EUvehicle emission

Directive

IPPC DirectiveClean Air

For Europe Directive

EU Incineration Directives

Euro 1 standards for vehicle

emissionsEU vehicle fuels

Directive

Liberalisationof UK energy market

Euro 6standards for vehicle

emissions

Euro 5standards for vehicle

emissions

Euro 4standards for vehicle

emissions

Euro 3standards for vehicle

emissions

Euro 2standards for vehicle

Emissions,IPC

Directive

Industrial EmissionsDirective

M.Holland, EMRC

1. Implementation of

the Clean Air Act

2. Legislation on

climate change

3. Liberalisation of the

energy sector

China Energy Consumption Trends

Source: van der A, Atmos-Chem-Phys, 2017

• Implementation of desulfurization installations in the power generation sector

• NOx reduction programs in place, since 2015

South African Trend 1: Population

SA GDP and GDP Per Capita

Source: World Bank

Population Trends Observations

• Estimated that the population of Sub-Sahara 2010 will double by 2050, and that 40% of the SADC’s population will be living in urban areas by 2030

• Increase in population of 25% in 2016 since 2000 • Increased

– Urbanisation - intensive economic and social activities, typically linked to excessive energy consumption

– Migration both internal and external for socio-economic reasons – Access to resources - financial – Changes in consumption volumes – the middle class is the most

carbon intense

Source: Stats SA, Report no. 03-04-02 (2006)

Population Trends in South Africa

Source: Stats SA, 2017

Increase in population of 25% in 2016 since 2000

Transport Sector- Road, Rail, Aviation and Shipping

Road Transport

• Dominant mode of transport in the country

• 80% of good and 90% of passengers mode of transport

• Fastest growing source of emissions in the country

• Largest source of urban air pollution

• Largest source of transport sector emissions - 92% GHG in 2010 from the transport sector

• Aviation, rail and shipping are also transport sectors with significant emissions

• Policy interventions in lead and SO2 reductions

• Implementation of the Vehicle Emissions Strategy

Transportation Statistics – Number of Vehicles

eNatis, 2017

Vehicle Fleet by Provinces

eNatis, 2017 DEA, 2017

Transportation – Fuel Sales

Department of Energy, 2017

DEA, 2017

NOX

PM10 CO

SO2

DEA, 2017

Transportation Sector Emissions

SO2 NOx CO PM10 VOC

Motor vehicles 6 952 251 390 1 241 295 13 646 184 480

Shipping 28 207 36 480 2 802 3 848 2 820

Rail 4 6 767 803 188 259

Aviation 118 1 435 1 337 55

Total 35 280 296 073 1 246 237 17 682 187 614 DEA, 2017

Energy Use

• Coal and petroleum are the key commercial energy fuels used in electricity generation and transport sectors

• Power generation from coal is major source of emissions in the country

• SA energy mix will continue to be driven by coal for some time to come

• Improved technology in emission reduction as well as reduction dependency on fossil fuel

Energy Use – Electricity Use

Energy Use Summary

• Dependence on fossil fuel for energy as a country

• Both residential and commercial use

South African Primary Energy Supply

Source: Stats SA, 2017

Electricity Generation: Eskom since 2000

Source: Stats SA, 2017

• Annual production of 31000-38000 MW

• Annual cycle with maximum in June-July and min in Dec

Eskom Emission Factor Trends

Eskom Annual Reports: www.eskom.co.za

Emission Trends from Power Generation

• 2007/2008 Eskom could achiever better control of PM

• Target of 0.3kg/GWh for 2017 is below the 0.28kg/GWh 2001 emission factor – before NEMAQA came into effect

• Based on the power utility performance since 1994, where has NEMAQA influenced the utility emission reduction programs?

• How is the Integrated Resources Plan (IRP) going to impact the trend of SA energy emissions (vehicles and electricity)?

• What will be the co-benefits from the carbon tax regime once implemented?

Industrial Emissions

Economic Sectors Reporting to NAEIS

Grey – Section 21 Orange – Mines that reported to NAEIS

Emissions from Industrial Sources

• National Emission Inventory from Industrial Sources in Presentation Session 5.2

Biomass Burning Trends

Biomass Burning Emissions

• Burning almost exclusively the result of human activities

–Burning of forested areas for land clearing

–Agricultural residues e.g., sugar cane burning

–Natural grasslands

–Savannas to sustain shifting cultivation

– Largest source of emissions in the Africa

Biomass burning

Source: GEIA DEA, 2017

DEA, 2017

2009

2015

Monthly Variability of Fire Counts

Source: GEIA DEA, 2017

Biomass Burning Emissions Legislation

• National Forest and Fire Laws Amendment Act No. 12 of 2001 – administered by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

• City of Cape Town: Air Quality Management By-law, 2010

• “Since smoke form veldfires is a concern in some municipalities, this Bill (NEMAQA) once enacted would require from the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry its effective participation in the development of the national framework and its preparation of an air quality management plan for veldfire emissions that together provide a fair and workable regulatory environment for veldfire management”

• An AQMP for Veldfire Emissions

Mining Activities in SA

• Driving force in SA economy

• 5th world producer of gold

• 1st world producer of chrome, manganese, platinum, vanadium and vermiculite.

• 2nd world producer of ilmenite, palladium, rutile and zirconium

• 3rd world exporter of coal

Stats SA, 2017

Mining Statistics by Provinces

Source: DMR DEA, 2017

Compliance of Mining Facilities to NAEIS Reporting

DEA, 2017

Managing Mining Activities

• Even though only 11% of mine reported to NAEIS, the contribution of PM10 and TSP is significant

• Are the dust regulations sufficient in managing nuisance dust and PM10?

• How do we work with DMR to ensure effective environmental compliance?

Residential Fuel Use

• 2012 National use of a mix of energy sources

• Choice also depends on household income, connection to electricity

Residential Fuel Use Trends

Stats SA, 2017

Other Drivers – State of Air 2005-2016

These are the sectors also included in the State of Air Report 2005-2016

• Waste Management

• Biogenic Emissions

• Lightning Emissions

National Emission Profile (Draft)

Concluding Remarks

• Overview on SA air pollution drivers

• Nationally four sectors are driving air emissions - Industrial sources, mining activities, transportation, biomass burning

• Command and Control mechanism for managing most of the industrial sources (including Section 23 sources) – 2020 MES

• How do we use the AQA to manage the remaining major sources?

– Transport Policy – Vehicle Emission Strategy?

– Biomass Burning Management initiatives?

– Mining (including dumps) Emissions Reduction initiatives?

– Integrated Resource Plan, NDP?

• National Framework??

Thank You!

pgwaze@environment.gov.za 012 399 9192

Wi-fi PIN ced4rw88ds

Industrial Emissions Management: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly

The 12th Air Quality Governance Lekgotla Johannesburg, South Africa 02 - 03 October 2017 Dr Khunedi V Gololo

• Introduction

• Overview of Selected Industrial Processes

• Power Generation Industry

• Metallurgical and Mineral Processing Industry

• Petroleum Industry

• Emissions Inventory Analysis

• Discussions

• Conclusions

Presentation Overview

• The discovery of gold in 1886 ignited the mining industry and its associated beneficiation processes. The country moved from agricultural based economy to mining economy

• The industry became a seed for accelerated economic development

• The country is now globally recognised as one of major producers of Gold, Platinum Group Metals, Iron, base metals, Vanadium, Aluminium and others metals

• The beneficiation of these minerals involves mining, crushing, milling, smelting, roasting and calcining. These processes are energy intensive and thus resulting in high energy demand

Introduction

• To respond to the growing energy demand, South Africa looked at coal as primary source of energy. Over 90% of our electricity is generated from coal

• Petroleum industry also contributes to meet our energy demand. South Africa has several facilities producing petroleum products like kerosene, diesel, gasoline etc. We are respected globally as pioneers in coal to liquid technology

• The Cement industry was developed to meet the growing infrastructural projects

Introduction

Introduction

• Although these industries contribute immensely to the economy and well being of the country, there are environmental challenges associated with these activities

• The industrial processes inherently result in atmospheric emissions

• Most of these facilities where built in the 70s hence their technology is very old

• The facilities are densely located and thus resulting in localised air pollution or hot spots

• People migrated from other parts of the country and settled in the vicinity of these facilities

• The objectives of this presentation are as follows:

• To provide an overview of industrial sources,

• To analyse the emissions profile,

• Identify processes which are major source of emissions, and

• To present the expected emission reduction from 2020 MES

Emissions Management

• Overview of number of facilities per sector

Facilities with AEL

80

26 24

173

137

25

115

23

45

26

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Power Generation

Fossil fuel fired Power Stations

• Energy is released from fuel through a combustion processes where carbon rich material or hydrocarbon is oxidized produce heat

• The complete reaction with 100% yield will form CO2 and H2O (Perfect world)

• Incomplete combustion can form intermediate product like CO, CH4 (VOCs), soot (black carbon), NH3

• Fossil fuel has other impurities like sulphur, heavy metals and ash

S (%) Ash (%)

Coal 1.47 26 - 30

Oil 6.0 very low

Natural gas low Very low

Power Generation

Gauteng; 2

Limpopo; 2

Mpumalanga; 11 Eastern Cape,

2

Free State, 1

Western Cape, 5

• The distribution of fossil fuel fired power stations in South Africa

Metallurgical and Mineral Processing

• The mining process and material handling activities generate considerable amount of mechanically generated dust

• The downstream pyrometallurgical processes which use processing units like kilns, calciners, roaster, furnaces and converters that operate at very high temperature

• Smelting implies chemical reactions, not just ‘melting the metal out of its ore’. The furnace operate between1400 oC to 1500 oC

Kilns: FenOm + nCO = nFe + mCO2

Furnaces: FeO + C = Fe + CO

CO2 + C = 2CO

Decomposition reaction Furnace 2CuFeS2 = Cu2S + 2FeS + S Ni9Fe8S15 = 3Ni3S2 + 8FeS + S

Metallurgical and Mineral Processing

• The SO2 emissions are significantly high in the PGM and base metal smelters. This is mainly because the smelter feed (concentrate) has high sulphite minerals (> 6%)

• The Ferrometals smelters operate reducing furnaces which generate H2S in addition to SO2. The formation of H2S is favoured in the reducing environment however; inherent oxygen presence does result in SO2 formation as well

• The smelters also generate significant amount of fugitive emissions during the taping process

Metallurgical and Mineral Processing

• The distribution of metallurgical and mineral processing facilities in South Africa

Gauteng; 71

KwaZulu-Natal; 33 Limpopo; 4

Mpumalanga; 8

North West; 10

Eastern Cape, 28

Northern Cape, 11 Western

Cape, 48

Petroleum Industry

• Petroleum industry is dominated by refineries which are mostly located in the coastal cities

• The process starts with storage and handling of crude oil. Feed oil is pre-heated before it is fed into crude oil distillation column. Light products are recovered at the top of the column whilst heavy products are recovery at the bottom

• This product will go through various stages for further purification and production of different products like kerosene, diesel, gasoline etc.

• Sources of emissions in the oil refinery are fuel gas cleaning units where H2S gas is produced, fluid catalytic cracking units, heaters/furnaces, boilers, flares, products loading and storage units

• Petroleum industry is the major source of VOCs

• Sulphur is known to cause challenges in the refineries. The crude oil sulphur content ranges between 0.1% and 5% (De Klerk, 2008)

• The product purification units remove sulphur from the products to produce low sulphur kerosene, diesel, gasoline or fuel oil

• Most refinery use Clause process to produce pure elemental sulphur, however this is not sufficient to recover all sulphur from the feed oil. Fluid catalytic units, heaters, furnaces and flares emit a significant amount of sulphur

• Emissions from storage facilities are driven by the vapour pressure of the stored product

Petroleum Industry

Petroleum Industry

Gauteng; 23

KwaZulu-Natal; 35

Limpopo; 5 Mpumalanga

; 8

North West; 8

Eastern Cape, 9

Free State, 9

Northern Cape, 6

Western Cape, 12

• The distribution of petroleum production and storage facilities in South Africa

Chemical Industry

Gauteng; 19

KwaZulu-Natal; 36

Limpopo; 1

Mpumalanga; 4

North West; 5

Eastern Cape, 5

Free State, 2

Northern Cape, 2

Western Cape, 6

• The distribution of chemical industry facilities in South Africa

Paper and Pulp/Wood Processing

• The distribution of paper and pulp/wood processing facilities in South Africa Gauteng; 4

KwaZulu-Natal; 14

Limpopo; 6

Mpumalanga; 9

Eastern Cape, 4

Western Cape, 8

PM Emissions

• The metallurgical and mineral processing industry contribute

55% of the PM emissions

• The main source of PM are cement kilns, ferrometals smelters

and brick industry

The 2020 Standards

• The implementation of 2020 standard can achieve and average

PM reduction of over 70% for iron ferrometal industry

• The cement kiln will achieve over 80% reduction in PM

emissions. However fugitive emissions will remain a challenge

• Fugitive emissions are also a measure source in brick industry

PM Emissions

• The secondary fume capture provision

• The emissions measurement could be improved

PM Emissions

Feed Preparation

Electric

Furnace

Molten Steel

Transfer

Basic Oxygen

Furnace Waste Slag

PM

PM, NOx, SO2

Secondary Emission

Baghouse

Slag

Point of compliance

Actual stack sampling point

• The power generation contributes 28% of the total PM

emissions.

The 2020 Standards

• The implementation of 2020 standard can achieve an average

PM reduction of over 29%

• The existing power stations will have to upgrade their ESPs or

install fabric bag filters

PM Emissions

• Interventions from Mpumalanga and Kwazulu-Natal should

ensure the a significant reduction in PM emissions

PM Emissions

NOx Emissions

• The power generation contributes 87% of the total NOx

emissions. The is attributed to high temperature oxidizing

environment in the boiler

The 2020 Standards

• The implementation of 2020 standard can achieve an average

NOx emission reduction of over 24%. However some station can

achieve 68% reduction

• The chemical industry only contribute 6% NOx emissions but

they can achieve 46% NOx reduction

• The current feasible solution to achieve 2020 standard is

installation of low Nox burner

NOx Emissions

• Interventions from Mpumalanga and Free State will ensure a

significant reduction in NOx emissions

NOx Emissions

SO2 Emissions

• The power generation industry contribute 72% of the SO2

emissions

The 2020 Standards

• The implementation of 2020 standard can achieve and average

SO2 reduction of over 70%

• Without FGD installation this cannot be achieved

• The petroleum refineries can achieve over 45% reduction in SO2

emissions from the FCC units

SO2 Emissions

• The metallurgical and mineral processing industry contribute

18% of the SO2 emissions

• The main source of SO2 are ferrometals and PGM smelters

The 2020 Standards

• The implementation of 2020 standard can achieve and average

SO2 reduction of over 70% for ferrometal industry and over 80%

in PGM smelters

• The PGM can achieve this by the installation of sulphuric acid

plants

• Fugitive emissions are also a measure challenge that should be

managed

SO2 Emissions

SO2 Emissions • Interventions from Mpumalanga, Gauteng and Limpopo

will ensure a significant reduction in SO2 emissions

• Power generation industry is the major source of SO2 and NOx

• Metallurgical and mineral processing industry are the major

sources of PM followed by power generation

• Mpumalanga power generation facilities are the major contributor

of PM, SO2 and NOx in South Africa if not the whole of Africa

• Northern Free State power generation and chemical industry

facility are also the major source of SO2 and NOx

Conclusions and Recommendations

• Gauteng and North West are contributing to PM

• Limpopo province power generation and PGM smelter also

contribute to SO2 and NOx

• Localised SO2 emissions from petroleum should be quantified and

managed better

Conclusions and Recommendations

Industrial Emissions Inventory

• Quality data collection will assist in identifying processes that are

major emissions source

• There is no one on planet who can produce better industrial

emission inventory than us. We have the necessary data to verify

and calculate inventory per facility

Conclusions and Recommendations

The 2020 MES

• The implementation of 2020 standard will reduce the PM and SO2

emissions in South Africa

• The 2020 standard will not solve the NOx emissions

• Targeted interventions are required

• Lower NOx limits in Priority Areas

Conclusions and Recommendations

Proposed Intervention

• Full implementation of 2020 MES in Mpumalanga, Limpopo and

Northern Free State, North West and Kwazulu-Natal

• Enforcement activities in Mpumalanga should be prioritized

• Capacity building should be prioritised at a provincial level in

Mpumalanga

Conclusions and Recommendations

“Legislation without an enforcement degenerates into a wish list”

Victor Khanye

Dr JS Moroka

Emakhazeni

Emalahleni

Steve Tshwete

Thembisile

2012 Strategic Lekgotla Social Services Tshabalala EK

Nkangala District Municipality

Victor Khanye

Dr JS Moroka

Emakhazeni

Emalahleni

Steve Tshwete

Thembisile

NKANGALA District Municipality

Air Quality Lekgotla 2017 Presenter: Mahlangu VM

02 October 2017

TABLE OF CONTENT

1) Overview of Nkangala District Municipality

2) Overview of the declaration of the Highveld HPA

3) Overview of the HPA Structures (ITT, Authorities Meetings & MSRG)

and their roles and responsibilities;

4) NDM Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP)

5) Processes in terms of the development of Annual Implementation

Plans;

6) NDM Air Quality Management Capacity

7) Implementation (AEL Application Processing, Awareness

Campaigns, Compliance Monitoring, Emissions Reduction Plans, SA

Atmospheric Emissions Licensing & Inventory Portal (SAAELIP)

Activities,

8) Other Emerging Environmental Issues

9) Lessons learned & challenges

Overview of Nkangala District Municipality

The Nkangala District Municipality (DC31) is one of the three (3) District

Municipalities in Mpumalanga Province. The headquarters of Nkangala District

Municipality are in Middelburg (Steve Tshwete Local Municipality).

The District is composed of six (6) Local Municipalities: namely; Victor Khanye

Local Municipality (MP 311), Emalahleni Local Municipality (MP 312) Steve

Tshwete Local Municipality (MP 313), Emakhazeni Local Municipality (MP 314),

Thembisile Hani Local Municipality (MP 315) and Dr J S Moroka Local

Municipality (MP 316) (see figure 7). The area of the District covers a total

area of approximately 16,892 square kilometres with a population of

1 308 129 constituting approximately 32.38% of Mpumalanga’s population.

Nkangala District Municipality is regarded to have a high eco-tourism

potential, which requires the protection, rehabilitation and enhancement

of its attractive natural resources. The area has however extremely high

mining potential that attracts mining activities (i.e. sporadic urban

settlement patterns). In contrast, the mining potential on the other hand

is detrimental to the valuable biophysical elements of the environment.

Overview of Nkangala District Municipality

The District Municipality moves from the premise that, although the primary

objective is to achieve environmental sustainability, it is also important to

ensure that other dimensions of sustainable development are addressed. These

are outlined in the Figure below outlining Sustainable Development Dimension

below:

Overview of the declaration of the Highveld

Priority Area (HPA)

The Highveld Priority Area was declared in terms of section 18 of the

National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act 39 of 2004 by the

then Minister of Environmental Affairs in terms of Government Notice

No1123 dated 13 November 2007.

The Minister declares an area a “Priority Area” under the believe that the

ambient air quality standards are being, or may be exceeded in the area,

or any other situation exists which is causing, or may be cause, a

significant negative impact on the air quality in the area; and the area

requires specific air quality management action to rectify the situation;

The Highveld Priority Area so declared involves:

• Ekurhuleni Metro, Lesedi LM(Sedibeng DM) in Gauteng Province;

• Govan Mbeki LM, Dipaleseng LM, Lekwa LM, Msukalekwa LM and Prixly

ka Seme LM in Gert Sibande DM.

• Victor Khanye LM, Emalahleni LM & Steve Tshwete LM in Nkangala DM.

Extent of the Highveld Priority Area

NATIONAL

GOVERNMENT:A

PRIORITY AREA

IMPLIMENTATION

Province Metro/District Local

Municipality

Gauteng Ekurhuleni Metro

Sedibeng DM Lesedi

Mpumalanga

Gert Sibande DM Goven Mbeki

Dipaleseng

Lekwa

Msukalekwa

Pixly Ka Seme

Nkangala DM Victor Khanye

Emalahleni

Steve Tshwete

Extent of the Highveld Priority Area

OVERVIEW OF THE HPA IMPLEMENTATION STRUCTURES

Section 19 of NEMAQA provides that, once the Minister has gazetted the

declaration of the Priority Area, the National Air Quality Officer must in

consultation with the affected provincial and local government Air

Quality Officers, prepare a Priority Area Air Quality Management Plan

(PA:AQMP) for the priority area.

Section 19© of NEMAQA further provides for the establishment of the

committee representing relevant role-players, from local to national

level as follows:

o Nkangala District Municipality Highveld Priority Area – Implementation

Task Team (NDM HPA-ITT),

o National Authorities Meeting and

o National Multi-Stakeholder Reference Group Meeting.

Nkangala District Municipality Highveld Priority Area –

Implementation Task Team (NDM HPA-ITT)

The NDM HPA-ITT was established in 2013/14 Financial Year soon after the Atmospheric

Emission Licensing function was resumed by the NDM on the 1st July 2013 after it was

delegated to the then Provincial Department of Environmental Affairs. The following are

some of the key stakeholders:

NDM, Victor Khanye, Emalahleni and Steve Tshwete local municipalities;

Industry, that includes NEMAQA section 21 listed activities such as power

generation(eight [8] of ESKOM power stations falls within the NDM);

National and Provincial Government Departments, such as DEA, DARDLEA, Department

of Health and the elusive Department of Mineral and Energy; Coal Mining; Primary &

Secondary Metallurgical Operations; Brick Manufacturers; Petrochemical Industry

South African Weather Services (SAWS);

Community Based Organisations and Non Governmental Organisations that include CER,

Highveld Environmental Justice Network (HEJN), a network of 14 community-based

organisations(that includes the Movement Environmental Defense; Earthnogenesis;

Greater Middleburg Residents Association; Guqa Environmental Community Service;

Mpumalanga Youth Against Climate Change; Outrageous Courage Youth; Ekurhuleni

Environmental Organisation; SANCO Tokologo; SANCO Emalahleni; Khutala

Environmental Care; Schoongesicht Residents Committee; Caroline Environmental Crisis

Committee; Guide the People and Wonderfontein Resettlement Forum

The NDM HPA AQMP-ITT

• Four (4) HPA-ITT’ meetings are held annually, just before the MSRG

meetings are held

• Chair =Mr Mahlangu VM (Nkangala District Municipality)

• Mr Erald Nkabinde for Emalahleni and Mr Eric Ratshibvumo for Steve

Tshwete Local LM) and Mr Jacob Nkabinde

• Ms.Ravhadala Lufuno; Mr. Khomola Thivhonali (DEA);Ms. Nembilwi M

(NDM); Mr.Mofore S (NDM);

• Nkangala District Municipality HPA-ITT’ composed of the Victor Khanye,

Emalahleni and Steve Tshwete Local Municipalities;

• Other stakeholders in the ITT includes DARDLEA,SAWS,NGO,s and the

affected Industry;

Nkangala DM HPA-ITT: Roles and Responsibilities

Coordinate efforts, programmes and initiatives within the priority area

Identify and submit for discussion any issue that falls within the Priority Area hotspot

that may have an impact on the objectives of the ITT;

Consider any other matters, including regulatory issues relating to the implementation

and enforcement of the HPA AQMP, which the National Air Quality Officer may

specifically request;

Oversee, advise and assist in monitoring progress on implementation of interventions ;

Review progress assessment reports; and advise on possible new interventions in the

priority areas hotspot;

Inform the National Air Quality Officer of the views of stakeholders regarding the

proposed ways and means to bring air quality into compliance with the proposed

national ambient air quality standards;

Identify and promote areas of bilateral, multilateral, and private sector collaboration

on air quality implementation in the Highveld;

Advise the National Air Quality Officer on any matter concerning air quality

management and governance and specifically the setting and achievement of

objectives and priorities for air quality governance;

Nkangala DM HPA-ITT: Roles and Responsibilities Cont..

Identify cost-effective opportunities to reduce emissions and potential

financing mechanisms to encourage investment within the priority area;

Identify and address barriers to project implementation and advise on

further technical work that DEA should undertake to support the

programme;

Advise the National Air Quality Officer on appropriate methods of monitoring

compliance with the proposed plan;

Undertake other tasks as necessary and reasonably practicable between

meetings and during the implementation of this programme;

Read all, and gain the necessary mandates for positions in respect of,

documentation circulated with the meeting agenda;

Prepare recommendations and consider the opinions and concerns expressed

by other stakeholders;

Identify and resolve the differing views on any areas of disagreement and

issues which need to be resolved;

National Multi-Stakeholder Reference Group (MSRG)

The formation of a Priority Area Air Quality Multi-stakeholder Reference Group (HPA:

MSRG) is established In terms of section 56(1) (a) of the NEM:AQA 2004 in accordance with

the principles of co-operative governance as set out in Chapter 3 of the constitution.

MEMBERSHIP

Membership includes stakeholders that are familiar with air quality issues, have a

scientific background and experience , represent broad organisations and have experience

in participating on behalf of their organisations in multi stakeholder discussions. :

Government Authorities

Business and industry representatives

Community Based Organisations/Non Governmental Organisations

Academia and Labour

Other air quality specialist may be invited by DEA to attend as expert advisors.

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Members of the Reference Group are expected to make every effort to ensure that their

views reflect the objectives of the programme not only personal views or those of their

organization and also communicate the fact of their participation and the positions they

will be taking on various issues in this programme.

Nation MSRG Roles & Responsibilities Cont…… Identify and submit for discussion any issue that falls within the focus of the Reference

Group that may have an impact on the objectives of the Reference Group;

Inform the National Air Quality Officer of the views of stakeholders regarding the

proposed ways and means to bring air quality into compliance with the proposed

national ambient air quality standards;

Advise the National Air Quality Officer on any matter concerning air quality management

and governance and specifically the setting and achievement of objectives and priorities

for air quality governance;

Advise the National Air Quality Officer on appropriate methods of monitoring compliance

with the proposed plan

Undertake other tasks as necessary and reasonably practicable between meetings and

during the implementation of this programme;

Prepare recommendations and consider the opinions and concerns expressed by other

stakeholders;

Advise on further technical work that DEA should undertake to support the programme;

Provide a communications link between DEA and organisations they represent in respect

of this matter.

NDM AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN (AQMP)

The NDM in partnership and consultation with DEA, DARDLEA and its HPA-ITT

partners developed and adopted an Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) in June

2015.

The main elements of the NDM AQMP includes:

Local Government Capacity Goal: By 2017-18 NDM undertake organisational capacity

review and developed Air Quality Management structures, have provided adequate

budgets and human resources and a measurable increase in awareness and knowledge of

air quality exists;

Industrial Emission Reduction Goals that includes meeting Minimum Emission Standards,

the emissions standards for controlled emitters, Ferroalloy sector , Clay Brick sector,

Power generation sector, and any emissions standards;

Household Fuel Combustion Emission Reduction Goal: By 2018 fuel usage by households

have been quantified, local emission factors determined and impact to air quality

assessed; undertaken of household emission reduction options and Health risk assessments

conducted;

Mining Emission Reduction Goal: By 2018 emissions from open cast and underground

mining operations as well as underground fires and burning of discard coal have been

quantified and impact to air quality assessed;

Transport Emission Reduction Goal: By 2017 all local authorities undertake vehicle

emissions testing, developed public transport plans and integrate into IDPs

Veld Burning Emission Reduction Goal: By 2018 veld burning emissions have been

quantified spatially and temporally to allow impact to air quality assessed and veld

burning emission reduction action plans developed.

AQMP INTEGRATION INTO THE NDM ANNUAL IMPLEMENTATION PLANS

NDM Service Delivery & Budget Implementation Plan: Environmental Management

Strategic

Goal

Priority

Issue KPI IDP Link

Budget R

000's

Baseline

2014/15

Target Actual

2016/17

Healthy

Social

Environment

Environment

al

Management

% of atmospheric emission

license applications finalised as

compared to application

received as per NEM Air Quality

Act, 2004 by 30 June 2017

5,6 Opex 70% 75%

# of compliance audits

conducted with respect to Sec

21 listed activities as per the

NEAQ Act by June 2017

5,6

Opex

8

8

Environmental Management

and Municipal Health Services

Education and 12 Awareness

Campaigns conducted by 30

June 2016

SDAR

6_150 300,0 12 12 14

# of Quarterly Reports

submitted to Council with

respect to Environmental

Impact Assessments (EIA)

conducted in the District

5,6

Opex

4 4 4

Two hundred (200) trees

procured and distributed to

local municipalities.

SDAR

6_151 150,0 200 200

NDM AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT CAPACITY Municipality Air Quality

Officer(Sec

13

NEM:AQA)

Environmen

tal

Management

Officials

EMI

Qualified

EMI

Designated

(Sec 31c

NEMA)

Environmen

tal Health

Officers

Nkangala

DM

1 2 4 3 1

Emalahleni 1 (EMLM) 5 4 3 7 (NDM)

Victor

Khanye

0 1 2 0 3(NDM)

Emakhazen

i

0 0 2 0 3(NDM)

Steve

Tshwete

0 3 1 0 5(NDM)

Thembisile

Hani

0 1 2

0 9(NDM)

Dr JS

Moroka

0 1 2

0 8(NDM)

TOTAL 2 13 17 6 32

Practically the NDM Air Quality Management Unit is only having two (2)

Officials that are 100% dedicated to AQM and the three(3) Air Quality

Compliance and Monitoring Officers positions have been approved (unfunded)

for the 2017/18 NDM Organogram. Hence hoping to increase AQM capacity in

the 2018/19 Financial Year.

ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION LICENSING APPLICATIONS PROCESSED

No. Received LAEL

Application

Local

Municipalit

y

Process

Description

AEL

Processing

Status

1. Silicon Smelters Emalaheni Establishment of

Modular Briquetting

Plant

PAEL Issued

2. Samancor Ferrometals Emalahleni Plant

Decommissioning:

Metallurgical

Process

Awaiting the EA

3. Anglo Coal Goedehoop Steve

Tshwete

Storage and

Handling of ore and

coal

AEL issued

4. Shell SA Emalahleni Storage and

Handling of

Petroleum Products

AEL Issued

ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION LICENSING APPLICATIONS PROCESSED

CONT……

No. Received LAEL

Application

Local

Municipalit

y

Process

Description

AEL

Processing

Status

5. Engen SA (PTY)LTD AEL

renewal

Emalahleni Storage and

handling of

petroleum products

Issued

6. Makoya Supply Chain

Holdings

Steve

Tshwete

Storage and

handling of ore and

coal

Renewal of AEL

issued

7. Road span surface Emalahleni Asphalt Production AEL issued

ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION LICENSING APPLICATIONS PROCESSED

CONT……

No. Received LAEL

Application

Local

Municipalit

y

Process

Description

AEL

Processing

Status

8. Much Asphalt Plant Emalahleni Macadam

Preparation process

AEL issued

9. Sephaku cement Victor

Khanye

Cement production Variation AEL

issued

10. Evrazhighveld Steel Emalahleni

Storage and

handling of ore and

coal

AEL Amendment

issued

11. Engen Emalahleni

Storage of

Petroleum products

AEL issued

ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION LICENSING APPLICATIONS PROCESSED

CONT……

No. Received LAEL

Application

Local

Municipalit

y

Process

Description

AEL

Processing

Status

12. Black bond Asphalt plant Emalahleni Macadam

Preparation process

AEL issued

13. RST Metals Steve

Tshwete

Smelting plant AEL issued

14. ICSA Steve

Tshwete

Crematorium AEL issued

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT & AWARENESS ACTIVITIES Cont…

NDM have conducted 17 Air quality, waste and environmental management

awareness campaigns in collaboration with the local municipalities, the

Community Based Organizations, DARDLEA and other stakeholders

Municipality

Location Date

11. Thembisile Hani Verena Community Hall 22/07/2016

12. Victor Khanye Botleng 14/10/2016

13. Emalahleni Klarinet 27/10/2016

14. Dr J.S Moroka Vaalbank 28/10/2016

15. Thembisile Hani Kwaggafontein 01/11/2016

16. Emakhazeni Dullstroom 03/11/2016

17. Steve Tshwete Dooronkop 08/11/2016

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT & AWARENESS ACTIVITIES Cont…

.

Municipality

Location Date

1.Victor Khanye Botleng

20/07/2017

2. Dr JS Moroka

Dr JS Moroka Municipality 28/07/2017

3. Emalahleni Kwaguqa 22/05/2017

4. Thembisile Hani Kwaggafontein 02/03/2017

5. Steve Tshwete

Mhluzi 28/02/2017

6. Steve Tshwete

Steve Tshwete Boarding School 15/03/2017

7. Dr. J.S Moroka

Enkosini 27/01/2017

8. Thembisile Hani Zamani Primary School, Khutalani Primary

School

10/05/2016

9. Emalahleni

Emalahleni Civic Centre 17/05/2016

10. Nkangala District NDM Offices 14/07/2016

COMPLIANCE MONITORING INSPECTIONS

The following air quality management compliance inspections were

conducted some as requested, as complaints and AEL Joint Compliance

Promotion.

Name of

Facility

Process Description Purpose of the

Inspection

Date of

Inspection

Local

Municipalit

y

1. Emalahleni

Crematorium

Crematoria AEL Renewal 16/08/2017 Emalahleni

2. Black Bond

Asphalt Plant

Asphalt Production Compliance 16/08/2017 Emalahleni

3. Duvha Power

Station

Power Generation Compliance 21/08/2017 Emalahleni

4. Eagle Creek Animal Matter

Processing

Section 22A

Meeting and site

visit

25/08/2017 Victor

Khanye

5. Eskom Kusile Power generation AEL renewal site

visit

28/08/2017 Emalahleni

COMPLIANCE MONITORING INSPECTIONS cont…..

The following air quality management compliance inspections were

conducted some as requested, compliance, as a result of complaints and AEL

Joint Compliance Promotion.

Name of

Facility

Process

Description

Purpose of the

Inspection

Date of

Inspection

Local Municipality

6. Middleburg

ICSA

Crematoria AEL renewal 20/02/2017 Steve Tshwete

7. RST Metals Metallurgical AEL renewal 25/01/2017 Steve Tshwete

8. Silicon

Smelters

Metallurgical AEL Renewal 10/02/2017 Emalahleni

9. McCain

Delmas

Food Processing Compliance

Joint Inspection

07 –

10/02/2017

Victor Khanye

10. Engen

Petroleum

Petroleum

Products storage

AEL Variation 25/01/2017 Emalahleni

11. Much

Asphalt Plant

Asphalt

Production

AEL renewal 07/06/2016 Emalahleni

COMPLIANCE MONITORING INSPECTIONS cont…..

The following air quality management compliance inspections were

conducted some as requested, as complaints and AEL Joint Compliance

Promotion.

Name of

Facility

Process

Description

Purpose of the

Inspection

Date of

Inspection

Local Municipality

12. Samancor

Middleburg

Ferrochrome

Ferrochrome

production

A joint site

inspection for

AEL renewal

28/10/2016 Steve Tshwete

13. Sephaku

Cement

Cement

production

AEL variation 22/06/2016 Victor Khanye

14. Thomas

Char coal

Char coal

burning

Compliance 07/06/2016 Steve Tshwete

15. Shell down

stream

Storage and

handling of

petroleum

products

AEL renewal 10/06/2016 Emalahleni

COMPLIANCE MONITORING INSPECTIONS cont…..

The following air quality management compliance inspections were

conducted some as requested, as complaints and AEL Joint Compliance

Promotion.

Name of Facility Process

Description

Purpose of the

Inspection

Date of

Inspection

Local

Municipality

16. Federale

Stene

Brick

Manufacturing

AEL renewal 26/07/2016 Steve Tshwete

17. Makoya Supply

chain holdings

Storage and

handling of coal

AEL renewal 02/05/2016 Steve Tshwete

18.Evraz Highveld

Steel

Metallurgical AEL variation 08/09/2016 Emalahleni

19. Samancor

Middelburg

Ferrochrome

Metallurgical Compliance Joint

Inspection by

DEA, DARDLEA,

DWS

25-

28/10/2016

Steve TShwete

20. Sephaku

Cement

Cement

Production

AEL Pre-

Licensing

04/11/201

6

Victor

Khanye

Emissions Reduction Plans Presentations

The following are Industries, CBO and Local Municipalities that reported their

emission reduction (such as Stack Emission Reports, Fall-Out Dust Monitoring

and Continuous Monitoring)and other emission reduction efforts:

SAWS present on state of air in the HPA

Emalahleni Local Municipality

Centre foe Environmental Rights (CER)

NDM report on activities in the district and their functions

Transalloys

Valitrade

Sephaku Cement

Centre for Environmental Rights

Samancor Middelburg Ferrochrome

SA Atmospheric Emissions Licensing & Inventory Portal

(SAAELIP)

This the Summary of the NDM SAAILIP Facility Auditing Emission Report as of

29 September 2017.

Only Section 21 facilities Emission Inventory Reports were audited

Mines and Quarries were not audited due to lack of capacity

EI Reports Summary Number of Reports

Master List 83

Total EI Reports Submitted 60

Section 21 Facilities 48

Sec 21 Audit Reports Completed and

passed

27

Sec 21 Incomplete Reports (Failed &

Audit Revising)

21

SAAELIP Cont… Major Types of Section 21 Industries in NDM

Type of Industry Quantity

Power Generation 8

Asphalt Production 4

Metallurgical 7

Char and Electrode Paste

production

8

Waste Incineration 4

Brick Manufacturing 5

Petroleum Storage 4

Cement Production 1

Crematorium 2

OTHER EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

As part of the implementation of the NEMA: Environmental Impact Assessment

(EIA) Regulations 2014, the NDM commented on thirty (30) development

projects in the region. Amongst others the project the following:

Mining and mining prospecting, Construction of power lines, Aluminium and

ferrochrome production, Water use licence, Road upgrading, Construction of

piggery house, Decommissioning and closure of waste disposal facility, Waste

and water licence Resettlement of villages, Construction of two power lines,

Upgrading and expansion of the Drakensberg Oil Terminal, Construction of

church, Development of Energy Power Station near Kwa-Mhlanga,

Construction of school, Construction and operation of Calciner gas, Under

ground mining.

The main development activities includes;

Atmosphere (Air pollution)

Water pollution

Natural habitat for animals

Heritage sites

Wetland pollution

LESSONS LEARNED & CHALLENGES

Obvious lack of capacity on the part of the Licensing Authority to tackle

Air Quality Management Compliance, Monitoring and enforcement

activities

The value and importance of the CBO’s and NGO’s participation in

keeping industry compliant;

Need to distinguish the roles and responsibilities between Local and

district municipalities especially in enforcing section 23 listed activities,

dust regulations,(Opportunity during the current National Air Quality

Management Review process)

Contrasting expectations between Air Quality Authorities and the CBO’s

and NGO’s that can cause collapse of the ITT Governance Structure;

To that end, the NDM HPA-AQMP ITT actually collapsed during the

2014/15 Financial Year;

Lack of participation of certain critical sector departments such as the

Department of Mineral and Energy in the HPA –ITT meetings;

LESSONS LEARNED & CHALLENGES Conti…

Inconsistence participation and therefore sharing emissions reduction

strategies by the industry;

Cooperation of most of the facilities on SAAILIP Emission Inventory Reporting

is gradually improving.

Improvement on processing of the AEL’s online

Facilities not attaching supporting documents for Emission Inventory Reports

on NAEIS causing a lot of Audit failure;

Mines and Quarries may start taking Emissions Inventory Reporting lightly as

the submitted reports were not audited because of lack of capacity(as a

threat);

Currently sitting with an appeal against the fine imposed on a facility that

contravened section 22A of NEM: AQA 2004 as amended and thus the

implementation of the Regulations for the procedure and criteria to be

followed in the determination of an administrative fine.

Thank You

Mahlangu VM

mahlangumv@nkangaladm.gov.za

013 249 2164